人教版八年級英語下冊Unit 10 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)精講精練

八下unit10現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)精講精練表示從過去已經(jīng)開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，可以和表示“從過去某一時(shí)刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的一段時(shí)間狀語”連用，如“for+時(shí)間段”、“since+過去時(shí)間點(diǎn)”、“since+過去時(shí)的從句”、“since+一段時(shí)間+ago”。且for與since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換。一、含since或for的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)某些動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可表示過去某一時(shí)間開始并一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與“for+時(shí)間段”、“since＋過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)或從句”或“since+時(shí)間段＋ago”連用。Hehasworkedhereforovertwentyyears.Hehaslearnedabout5,000Englishwordssincehewenttocollege.She’sbeenatthisschoolsincefiveyearsago.二、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中的謂語動(dòng)詞在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，與“for+時(shí)間段”、“since+過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)或從句”或“since＋時(shí)間段＋ago”連用的動(dòng)詞必須為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。常見的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞有have，live，teach，learn，work，study，know等；常見的非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（詞組）有come，go，leave，start，die，finish，become，join，buy，getmarried等。三、部分非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（詞組）和與之對應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（詞組）的表達(dá)。非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（詞組）延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（詞組）非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（詞組）延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（詞組）becomebeopenbe

openborrowkeepcloseclosedbuyhavelosebelostget

upbe

updiebedeadfall

asleepbe

asleepjoinbeamemberof/beinmake

friendsbe

friendsbegin/startbeonfinishbe

overcome/gobehere/thereleave

be

away

(from)Turnon/offbeon/off非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換1.轉(zhuǎn)換為相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。borrow—keepbuy—haveputon—wearcatchacold—haveacoldgettoknow—knowgettosleep—sleep2.轉(zhuǎn)化為“be+形容詞/副詞/介詞/名詞”begin/start—beongoout—beoutclose—beclosedopen—beopengetto/arrive/reach—be(in)die—bedeadleave—beawayfinish—beoverfallsleep—beasleepjoin—bein/beamemberofbecome—bemakefriends—befriendscome/go—be+相應(yīng)的介詞短語達(dá)標(biāo)檢測一．單項(xiàng)選擇。（）1.—Haveyoueverbeentoanaquarium?—No,_____.A.Ihave

B.Iamnot

C.Ihaven’t

D.Ihasn’t（）2.—I’veneverbeentoawaterpark.—_______A.Me,too

B.Me,neither.

C.Mealso.

D.Meboth.（）3.Hasthetrain_____yet?A.gotto

B.reached

C.arrived

D.arrivedat（）4.Theteacherasked_____.A.what’syourname

B.whatwasyournameC.whatyournameis

D.whatyournamewas（）5.—DoyoumindifIstayherealittlelonger?

—_____.A.No,youcan’tB.Yes,youmay

C.Certainlynot

D.Yes,notatall（）6.Howlonghashisbrother_____thebook?A.kept

B.bought

C.lent

D.borrowed（）7.I’veneverseensuchafinepicture_____.A.ago

B.before

C.yet

D.later（）8.—HastheforeignerbeentomanyinterestingplacesinBeijing?—Yes,buthehasnot_____beentomanyotherpartsofChina.A.already

B.still

C.yet

D.never二．用for或since完成下列句子。1.—Howlonghaveyouhadthatbikeoverthere?—I’vehadit_________threeyears.2.—Howlonghashissonownedthetrainandrailwayset?—Hehasownedit_________hisfourthbirthday.3.—Haveyoueverplayedfootball?—Yes.IplayedfootballwhenIwaslittle,butIhaven’tplayed_________alongtime.4.Alisonhasbeenskating_________fivehoursago.5.We’vebeenfriends_________weleftschool.三．改寫同義句1.Theyhavewaitedherefortwohours.Theyhavewaitedhere________________________________.2.Ileftmyhometownlastmonth.I________________________frommyhometownforamonth.3.Iboughtthebookaweekago.I________________thebookforaweek.4.Ijoinedthedancingclubtwoyearsago.I________________________thedancingclubfortwoyears.5.Thefilmbegantwentyminutesago.Thefilm________________________fortwentyminutes.四.用所給動(dòng)詞的正確時(shí)態(tài)填空。1.I__________(finish)today’shomeworkalready.Whataboutyou?2.He____________just____________(decide)tojointheswimmingclub.3._______you____________(see)Jackrecently?——No,Ihaven’t.4.Howlong____________you____________(be)inclasstoday?5.HowmanyEnglishwords____________they____________(learn)?6.He___________ever___________(be)totheHistoryMuseumseveraltimes.7.—_____________youever__________