吉林省友好學(xué)校第78屆聯(lián)考2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期10月期中英語(yǔ)試題 含解析

高三英語(yǔ)試卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前填寫(xiě)好自己的姓名、班級(jí)、考號(hào)等信息2.請(qǐng)將答案正確填寫(xiě)在答題卡上第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)。每段對(duì)話(huà)后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話(huà)后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話(huà)僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Wheredoesthemanplantogothisyear?A.Europe. B.Asia. C.SouthAmerica.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:AreyougoingtoEuropeforyourvacationthisyear?M:No,wegothereeveryyearandwehavealreadybeentoAsiaacoupleoftimes.ButwehaveneverbeentoSouthAmerica,sowearegoingthere.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Cleanthefloor. B.SitinRow5. C.Dropglassbottles.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Hey,Steven.CanyoupleasegoovertoRowFive?Someonedroppedsomeglassbottlesonthefloorandthereisahugemessoverthere.M:Surething,Mrs.Smith.Iwillgocleanthatuprightaway.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shewantstogoswimming.B.Sheisbusywithherproject.C.Shewillhaveatesttomorrow.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Haveyoubeentothenewswimmingpoolsinceitopened?W:Areyoukidding?Tomorrowisthedeadlineformyproject4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Getasparekey. B.Borrowsomebooks. C.Helphisneighbor.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:What’stheproblem?Don’tyouhaveyourapartmentkey?M:It’sagoodthingIleaveaspare(備用的；多余的)keywithmyneighbor.Iamgoingtostopbyandaskhimforit,solcangetinandgetmybooks.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】HowmanypeoplewillvisitLondonforfree?A.2. B.3. C.4.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:I’msoexcited.M:Anygoodnews?W:JimmyandIgotthechancetovisitLondonwithanothertwopeopleforfree.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話(huà)或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Attheman’shouse. B.Inashop. C.Atanexhibition.7.WhichpicturewaspaintedbyGeorgeAnderson?A.TheSwissMountains. B.TheLovelyWindows. C.TheSummerFlowers.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】W:Youhavesomelovelypaintingsforsale.Canyoutellmewhopaintedtheoneinyourshopwindow?It’samazing.M:TheoilpaintingoftheSwissMountains?W:That’sbeautifulaswell.ButImeanttheonebelowit.M:OhtheSummerFlowers—that’sbyGeorgeAnderson.Look,thereisapictureofhimhereinthemagazine.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】8.Whydoesthemanfeelsorry?A.Hedidn’tkeepanappointment.B.Hecan’tlookafterhismother.C.Heistoobusytogotohospital.9.What’sthewoman’sattitudetowardtheman?A.Sorry. B.Understanding. C.Thankful.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】M:Helen,Iwanttohaveawordwithyou.W:Isitabouttheappointmentyesterdayevening?Forgetit!Itdoesn’treallymatter.M:ButImustsaysorrytoyouIdidn’tmeantobreakmyword.Iwasabouttoleavehomewhenmymothersuddenlypassedout.Itookhertothehospitalandlookedafterherallnight.ItwasnotuntilthismorningthatIrememberedmydatewithyou.W:Oh,I’msorrytohearthat.IssheOKnow?M:She’sallright,ButI’mterriblysorrytohavekeptyouwaitinglastnight!W:Iquiteunderstand,It’snotyourfault,butdon’tforeettocallmeupnexttimeifyoucan’tcome聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】10.Whatistheproblemwiththewoman’swatch?A.Itneedsanewbattery. B.Itisruinedbywater. C.Itneedscleaning.11.Whatdoesthestoreofferifonechangesabatterythere?A.Anextrabattery. B.Aone-yearguarantee. C.Freecleaningservice.12.Whycan’tthewomangetherwatchbackrightaway?A.Thestorewillclosesoon.B.Shehasn’tgotenoughmoney.C.Themanisverybusynow.【答案】10.A11.B12.C【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,mywatchstoppedrunning,andIamnotsurewhat’swrongwithit.M:Well,letmelookatit.Hmm,itseemsthatitjustneedsanewbattery.W:Oh,really?IgotsomewateronitlastweekandIwasafraidthatitmightruinthewatch.Howmuchisanewbattery?M:It’s$5,andwenotonlychangeabatterybutalsoguaranteeitforayear.Andifyouhavethewatchcleanedhere,wecanguaranteeitforanadditional(額外的，附加的)threemonths.W:Thatsoundslikeagooddeal.I’llgetmybatteryhere.Whenwillitbeready?M:UsuallyIcandoitrightawaybutnowI’mrepairinglotsofwatches.Canyouleaveyourwatchhereuntil5p.m.?W:OK,seeyouthen.聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話(huà)，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】13.Whomightthespeakersbe?A.Policeofficers. B.Observers. C.Passengers.14.Whatdidtheoldladysay?A.Shedidn’tseeanything.B.Thetrafficlightsbrokedown.C.Theredcarwasdrivingveryfast.15.Whatwerethekidsdoingwhentheaccidenthappened?A.Crossingthestreet.B.Playingintheirfrontyard.C.Standingonthestreetcorner.16.WhatcausedtheaccidentaccordingtoMr.Bates?A.Theredcar. B.Thedog. C.Thebluecar.【答案】13.A14.C15.B16.C【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Bob.Didyoutalktoallofthewitnesses(日擊者)tothecaraccident?M:Yes.Anoldladywasstandingonthestreetcornerwhentheaccidenthappened.Shesaidthatitwastheredcar’sfault.Itwasdrivingveryfastandthenquicklystoppedwhenthetrafliclightchanged.W:Whatdidthekidssay?M:Thekidswereplayingintheirfrontyard,andtheysaidthattheydidn’tseeanything.W:Didtheneighborsseeanything?M:Oneneighbor,Mr.Jones,saidthathesawadogrunoutintothestreetinfrontofthecar.W:Hmm.Nooneelsementionedadog.DidyoutalktoMr.Bates?Heisthemanwhowassellingnewspapersonthestreetcorner.M:Oh.yeah.Hesaiditwasthebluecar’sfault.W:Really?M:Yeah.Hesaidthatthemaninthebluecarwasn’tpayingattention.Whentheredcarstopped.hedidn’tnoticeuntilitwastoolate.Hewastheonewhohittheredcar.W:Hmm.Nooneelsementionedadog.DidyoutalktoMr.Bates?Heisthemanwhowassellingnewspapersonthestreetcorner.M:Oh.yeah.Hesaiditwasthebluecar’sfault.W:Really?M:Yeah.Hesaidthatthemaninthebluecarwasn’tpayingattention.Whentheredcarstopped.hedidn'tnoticeuntilitwastoolate,Hewastheonewhohittheredcar.W:Wow!Didtheyallseethesameaccident?Theyallremembersomethingdifferent.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.Whendoesthevolleyballclubmeet?A.OnThursdayevening. B.OnSundaymorning. C.OnSundayevening.18.Atwhattimedoesthemeetingfinish?A.7:30. B.9:30. C.10:00.19.Whatisthe￡30usedfor?A.Heating. B.Hallrental. C.Sweaters.20.Whydoesthespeakerleavethismessage?A.Toarrangeaweeklymeeting.B.Torecommendasportsprogramme.C.ToanswerMarcoTaylor’squestions.【答案】17.A18.B19.B20.C【解析】【原文】M:ThisisamessageforMarcoTaylor.MynameisDavidWilson.I’msorryImissedyourcall.Iknowyouwantsomeinformationabouttheyolleyballclub.Theclubmeetsonceaweek,onThursdayevening.TherearesometimesmatchesonSundaymorning,butthosearejustforourplayers.Ourmeetingsbeginat7:30,andareabouttwohourslong.Mostpeopleliketogethomeintimeforthesportsprogrammeontelevisionatteno’clock.WemeetinJubileHall,justintheParkStreet.Thehalldoesn’thaveverygoodheating,soyou’llneedtobringasweatertoputafterwards.Thehallisquiteexpensivetorentsoweneedtopayf30eachweek.Ihopethisanswersyourquestionsandwe’llbeverypleasedtoseeyouatournextmeeting.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AYourHarvardSummerSchoolExperienceHarvardSummerSchooloffersmorethan400coursesforcollegestudentsinmorethan60differentsubjectareas.Ouropen-enrollmentcoursesareofferedinavarietyofadaptableformats,soyoucanfindtheoptionthatworksbestwithyourbusyschedule.Inourclassrooms—whetherinpersonoronline—you’llfind:·Harvardfacultyandindustryexpertsdedicatedtohelpingyouexpandyourskillsandsparkingintellectualcuriosity·Arigorouslearningenvironmentfilledwithrichinteractions·Anintensivecurriculumdesignedtobecompletedinashortersummersessionthanafalloraspringterm·Aninternationalnetworkofpeerslikeyou—driven,curious,andcommittedtogrowth·AccesstoHarvard’sfamouslibraries,museums,andcomputerlabsDetails:Non-creditcourses:Theyprovideanopportunityforpersonalgrowthwithouttheneedtoearncredits.Theseflexiblecoursescatertodiverseinterestsandschedules.Theyallowlearnerstoexplorenewsubjectswithoutformalassessments.Theirdurationsarevariable,rangingfrom4weeksto6weeks.4-creditcourses:Thesecoursesarecondensedintoamorefocusedtimeframetypicallyrunningforabout4weeks.Theyaredesignedforstudentswhowanttocompleteacoursewellandquickly.6-creditcourses:Theyarestructuredtolastforapproximately6weeks,offeringamoreextendedlearningperiodthatallowsforadeeperexplorationofthesubjectmatter.8-creditcourses:Thesearethemostcomprehensiveoptions,usuallyextendingoveran8-weekperiod.Theyareidealforstudentsseekinganin-depthstudyexperience,coveringawiderrangeoftopicsorallowingforamorethoroughexaminationofaparticularfield.21.WhatdoesHarvardSummerSchoolfeature?A.Longduration. B.Busyschedules.C.Flexiblearrangements. D.Competitiveenvironment.22.WhatcanthestudentsdoafterjoiningHarvardSummerSchool?A.Skipafallterm. B.Workinfamouslibraries.C.Makefriendswithexperts. D.Meetlike-mindedpeople.23.Whichcoursesarethebestforthestudentsfocusingonefficiency?A.Non-creditcourses. B.4-creditcourses.C.6-creditcourses. D.8-creditcourses.【答案】21.C22.D23.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文介紹了HarvardSummerSchool的相關(guān)信息?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ouropen-enrollmentcoursesareofferedinavarietyofadaptableformats,soyoucanfindtheoptionthatworksbestwithyourbusyschedule.”（我們的開(kāi)放注冊(cè)課程提供多種可適應(yīng)的形式，因此您可以找到最適合您繁忙日程的選擇）可知，哈佛暑期學(xué)校的課程安排靈活。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“Aninternationalnetworkofpeerslikeyou—driven,curious,andcommittedtogrowth”（一個(gè)由像你這樣的志同道合的人組成的國(guó)際網(wǎng)絡(luò)ーー充滿(mǎn)動(dòng)力、好奇心和致力于發(fā)展）可知，學(xué)生可以在哈佛暑期學(xué)校遇到志同道合的人。故選D項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中關(guān)于4-creditcourses中的“Thesecoursesarecondensedintoamorefocusedtimeframe,typicallyrunningforabout4weeks.Theyaredesignedforstudentswhowanttocompleteacoursewellandquickly.”（這些課程被濃縮成一個(gè)更集中的時(shí)間框架，通常運(yùn)行約4周。它們是為那些想要又好又快地完成一門(mén)課程的學(xué)生設(shè)計(jì)的）可知，4學(xué)分課程適合注重效率的學(xué)生。故選B項(xiàng)。BWhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(細(xì)菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse—likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.“Ecologicaldesign”isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor,”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.”24.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasfondoftraveling. B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.C.Hehadaninquiringmind. D.Helongedtobeadoctor.25.WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?A.Tofeedtheanimals. B.Tobuildanecosystem.C.Toprotecttheplants. D.Totesttheeco-machine.26.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A.ToreviewJohn’sresearchplans. B.ToshowanapplicationofJohn’sidea.C.TocompareJohn’sdifferentjobs. D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn’sinvention.27.WhatisthebasisforJohn’swork?A.Naturecanrepairitself. B.Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C.LifeonEarthisdiverse. D.Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.【答案】24.C25.D26.B27.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了JohnTodd從小就很愛(ài)思考且好學(xué)，他建造了一個(gè)生態(tài)機(jī)器，利用自然可以自我修復(fù)的原理來(lái)凈化污水。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.(當(dāng)約翰·托德還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，他喜歡探索房子周?chē)臉?shù)林，觀察大自然是如何解決問(wèn)題的。例如，一條骯臟的小溪流經(jīng)植物和微小生物居住的巖石后，往往會(huì)變得清澈。長(zhǎng)大后，約翰開(kāi)始思考這個(gè)過(guò)程是否可以用來(lái)清理人們制造的混亂)”以及第二段“Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(細(xì)菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?(在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)了農(nóng)業(yè)、醫(yī)學(xué)和漁業(yè)之后，約翰又回到了觀察自然和提出問(wèn)題的生活中。為什么某些植物能捕獲有害細(xì)菌？哪些魚(yú)類(lèi)會(huì)食用致癌化學(xué)物質(zhì)？)”可知，約翰聰穎好學(xué)、好奇心很強(qiáng)。故選C?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.(幾個(gè)星期后，約翰把污泥加了進(jìn)去)”以及倒數(shù)第三段“Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.(他對(duì)結(jié)果感到驚訝。生態(tài)機(jī)器里的動(dòng)植物把污泥當(dāng)成了食物，開(kāi)始吃了起來(lái)！幾周之內(nèi)，它就被消化了，只剩下純凈水)”可知，約翰把污泥放進(jìn)罐子里是為了測(cè)試生態(tài)機(jī)器。故選D?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse—likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.(這些年來(lái)，約翰承擔(dān)了許多重大工作。他開(kāi)發(fā)了一個(gè)類(lèi)似溫室的設(shè)施，可以處理來(lái)自南伯靈頓1600戶(hù)家庭的污水。他還設(shè)計(jì)了一種生態(tài)機(jī)器來(lái)清潔中國(guó)東南部城市福州的運(yùn)河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示約翰想法的應(yīng)用。故選B。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.(你把生物體放在新的關(guān)系中，觀察會(huì)發(fā)生什么。然后讓這些新系統(tǒng)自行發(fā)展自我修復(fù)的方式)”可知，約翰工作的基礎(chǔ)是自然可以自我修復(fù)。故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】CTworesearchersfromtheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology,AlexRobelandShiJoyceSim,haveworkedonanewmodelforhowwatermovesunderglaciers(冰川).Thenewtheoryshowsthatuptotwicetheamountofunder-glacierwaterthatwasoriginallypredictedmightbeflowingintotheocean-potentiallyincreasingglacialmelting(融化),sealevelrise,andsoon.Whiletherearepre-existingmethodstounderstandunder-glacierflowthesetechniquesinvolvetime-consumingcomputations.RobelandSimdevelopedasimplesolution,whichcanpredicthowfastexfiltration(滲漏)is,usingsatellitemeasurementsofAntarcticafromthelasttwodecades.Robelexplains,“Previously,peoplewouldrunamodel,whichwouldhavetobeappliedateverypointunderAntarctica,andthenrunforwardoveralongtimeperiod.Nowtheentiretyofourpredictioncanbedoneinasecondonacomputer.”Thepotentiallylargesourceofunder-glacierwater-possiblyuptodoubletheamountpreviouslythought-couldbeaffectinghowquicklyglacialiceflowsandhowquicklytheicemeltsatitsbase.RobelandSimhopethatthepredictionsmadepossiblebythistheorycanbeincludedintoicesheetmodelsthatscientistsusetopredictfutureicesheetchangeandsealevelrise.Beyondsealevelrise,thisadditionalexfiltrationandmeltinghasotherpossiblefutureeffects.SomeoftheplacesofrichestoceanproductivityintheworldoccuroffthecoastofAntarctica,andbeingabletobetterpredictexfiltrationandmeltingcouldhelpoceanbiologistsbetterunderstandwhereoceanproductivityisoccurring,andhowitmightchangeinthefuture.Robelalsohopesthisworkwillopenthedoorwaytomorecooperationwithgroundwaterhydrologistswhomaybeabletoapplytheirknowledgetoicesheetdynamics,whileSimstressestheneedformorefieldwork.“Gettingtheobservationalistsinterestedintryingtohelpusbetterunderstandthequalitiesoficesheetswouldproduceadramaticeffect,”Simsays.“That’sourlargestunknownatthispoint,anditheavilyinfluencestheresults.”28.Whatisthenewmodelusedtostudy?A.Theriskofsealevelrise. B.Thechangesofoceanecosystems.C.Thespeedofglacialmelting. D.Theflowofwaterbeneathglaciers.29.Howdoestheauthorshowtheadvantageofthenewmodel?A.Byanalyzingfacts. B.Byreferringtofigures.C.Bygivingexamples. D.Bymakingacomparison.30.Whatdoestheauthorstressabouttheadditionalexfiltrationandmelting?A.Itgetsattentioninmanyplaces. B.Itmayinfluencemorethanonefield.C.Itisresponsibleforsealevelrise. D.Ithasbeenconsideredbybiologists.31.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AnIn-depthStudyofAntarcticGlaciers B.APredictionoftheFutureofGlaciersC.ABigDiscoveryAboutUnder-glacierFlow D.ANewModelInventedtoMonitorGlaciers【答案】28.D29.D30.B31.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了GeorgiaInstituteofTechnology的兩位研究人員開(kāi)發(fā)了一種新的模型，用于研究冰川下的水流，并發(fā)現(xiàn)冰川下的水流可能比原先預(yù)測(cè)的要大得多，這可能對(duì)冰川融化和海平面上升等產(chǎn)生影響。【28題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“TworesearchersfromtheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology,AlexRobelandShiJoyceSim,haveworkedonanewmodelforhowwatermovesunderglaciers(冰川).(來(lái)自喬治亞理工學(xué)院的兩位研究人員AlexRobel和ShiJoyceSim開(kāi)發(fā)了一種新的模型，用于研究冰川下的水流如何移動(dòng)。)”可知，該模型用于研究冰川下的水流。故選D?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Robelexplains,“Previously,peoplewouldrunamodel,whichwouldhavetobeappliedateverypointunderAntarctica,andthenrunforwardoveralongtimeperiod.Nowtheentiretyofourpredictioncanbedoneinasecondonacomputer.”(羅伯爾解釋說(shuō)：“以前，人們會(huì)運(yùn)行一個(gè)模型，這個(gè)模型必須應(yīng)用于南極洲下的每一個(gè)點(diǎn)，然后才能向前運(yùn)行很長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間?，F(xiàn)在，我們的整個(gè)預(yù)測(cè)可以在計(jì)算機(jī)上一秒鐘內(nèi)完成。”)”可知，作者通過(guò)比較之前的方法和新的模型來(lái)展示新模型的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Beyondsealevelrise,thisadditionalexfiltrationandmeltinghasotherpossiblefutureeffects.SomeoftheplacesofrichestoceanproductivityintheworldoccuroffthecoastofAntarctica,andbeingabletobetterpredictexfiltrationandmeltingcouldhelpoceanbiologistsbetterunderstandwhereoceanproductivityisoccurring,andhowitmightchangeinthefuture.(除了海平面上升之外，這種額外的滲漏和融化還可能對(duì)未來(lái)產(chǎn)生其他影響。世界上一些海洋生產(chǎn)力最豐富的地區(qū)位于南極洲沿岸，如果能夠更好地預(yù)測(cè)滲漏和融化，將有助于海洋生物學(xué)家更好地了解海洋生產(chǎn)力的發(fā)生地，以及它未來(lái)可能如何變化。)”可知，在文章第四段中提到，除了海平面上升之外，這種額外的滲漏和融化還可能對(duì)未來(lái)產(chǎn)生其他影響。這表明額外的滲漏和融化可能會(huì)影響多個(gè)領(lǐng)域，因此作者強(qiáng)調(diào)了這一點(diǎn)。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了GeorgiaInstituteofTechnology的兩位研究人員開(kāi)發(fā)了一種新的模型，用于研究冰川下的水流，并發(fā)現(xiàn)冰川下的水流可能比原先預(yù)測(cè)的要大得多，這可能對(duì)冰川融化和海平面上升等產(chǎn)生影響。因此，文章主要講述的是關(guān)于冰川下水流的一個(gè)重大發(fā)現(xiàn)，所以C選項(xiàng)“ABigDiscoveryAboutUnder-glacierFlow”最適合作為文章的標(biāo)題。故選C。DWhat’stheoldestmealyou’veeaten?Maybeyou’vehadleftoversfromafewdaysago.Theyprobablystilltastedgood.Butwhatifitwasn’tafewdaysago,whatifyouatea60-dayoldstew(燉菜)?Ora49-year-oldbeefnoodlesoup?Perpetualstewisadishthatisnevertakenofftheheat;it’sneverfinished.Asportionsareserved,newingredientsareputinthepottoreplacethem.Oneday’sstewbecomesthebasisofthefollowingdays’meals.Thisyear,AnnieRauwerda’s60-daystewbecameasocialmediahit.OneBangkokrestaurantclaimstohavebeencookingitsbeefnoodlesoupsincethe1970s.IthasbeensuggestedthatperpetualstewwasatraditioninMedievalEuropewhentheeffortrequiredtostartafiremeantthattheywerelefttoburnallday,andapotofstewwasalwayssimmering(煨)awayontopofit.OneNewYorkTimesarticletellsusaboutastewinNormandythatwaskeptcookingfor300years.ThistraditionmaydatebacktotheMiddleAges,butthankfully,ourunderstandingoffoodhygiene(衛(wèi)生)hasdevelopedsincethen.Inaworldwherefoodisoftenthrownawayonceitreachesitsuse-bydate,manypeoplehaveaskedhowsafeperpetualstewcanactuallybe.Expertsaredivided,somemaintainthataslongasthestewiskeptbubblingawayatatemperaturetoohighforbacteriatosurvive,itshouldbesafe.Otherssuggestthatmeatcanbecomedangerousifit’sleftinthestewfortoolong.Concernshavealsobeenraisedthatsomevegetables,suchaspotatoes,orthosecontainingnitrates(硝酸鹽),couldbecomemoreharmfulthemoretheyarereheated.Advocatesofslowcookingbelievethatthebestfoodtakestime,buteventheymaybesurprisedbyamonthsoryears-oldperpetualstew.32.Whatisthekeyfeatureofperpetualstew?A.Ingredient. B.Taste. C.Time. D.Safety.33.Howisparagraph2developed?A.Bydescribingprocess. B.Bymakingcomparison.C.Byfollowingtimeorder. D.Byofferingsomeexamples.34.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsperpetualstew?A.Indifferent. B.Neutral. C.Negative. D.Favorable.35.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.TheRiseofPerpetualStew. B.TheHistoryofPerpetualStew.C.PerpetualStew:NeverCatchingon. D.PerpetualStew:DecadesintheMaking.【答案】32.C33.D34.B35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了永久燉菜的內(nèi)容、歷史、專(zhuān)家的不同觀點(diǎn)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Perpetualstewisadishthatisnevertakenofftheheat;it’sneverfinished.(永久燉菜是一道菜從來(lái)沒(méi)有離開(kāi)過(guò)火；它永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)結(jié)束。)”可知，永久燉菜是不?；鸬呐腼兎绞?，時(shí)間長(zhǎng)是它的特色，故選C。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Perpetualstewisadishthatisnevertakenofftheheat;it’sneverfinished.Asportionsareserved,newingredientsareputinthepottoreplacethem.Oneday’sstewbecomesthebasisofthefollowingdays’meals.Thisyear,AnnieRauwerda’s60-daystewbecameasocialmediahit.OneBangkokrestaurantclaimstohavebeencookingitsbeefnoodlesoupsincethe1970s.IthasbeensuggestedthatperpetualstewwasatraditioninMedievalEuropewhentheeffortrequiredtostartafiremeantthattheywerelefttoburnallday,andapotofstewwasalwayssimmering(煨)awayontopofit.OneNewYorkTimesarticletellsusaboutastewinNormandythatwaskeptcookingfor300years.(永久燉菜是一道菜從來(lái)沒(méi)有離開(kāi)過(guò)火；它永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)結(jié)束。當(dāng)一份一份上桌時(shí)，新的食材會(huì)被放入鍋中代替它們。一天的燉菜成為接下來(lái)幾天三餐的基礎(chǔ)。今年，安妮·勞維爾達(dá)的60天燉菜成為社交媒體上的熱門(mén)話(huà)題。曼谷一家餐館聲稱(chēng)從上世紀(jì)70年代就開(kāi)始做牛肉面了。有人認(rèn)為，永恒的燉菜是中世紀(jì)歐洲的一種傳統(tǒng)，當(dāng)時(shí)需要生火的努力意味著他們要整天燃燒，而一鍋燉菜總是在上面煨著。《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》的一篇文章告訴我們，諾曼底的一種燉菜已經(jīng)煮了300年。)”可知，第二段通過(guò)各種例子來(lái)描述永久燉菜。故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Expertsaredivided,somemaintainthataslongasthestewiskeptbubblingawayatatemperaturetoohighforbacteriatosurvive,itshouldbesafe.Otherssuggestthatmeatcanbecomedangerousifit’sleftinthestewfortoolong.Concernshavealsobeenraisedthatsomevegetables,suchaspotatoes,orthosecontainingnitrates(硝酸鹽),couldbecomemoreharmfulthemoretheyarereheated.(專(zhuān)家們對(duì)此意見(jiàn)不一，一些人堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，只要燉菜在細(xì)菌無(wú)法生存的高溫下不斷冒泡，它就應(yīng)該是安全的。另一些人則認(rèn)為，如果肉在燉菜中放置太久，會(huì)變得危險(xiǎn)。人們還擔(dān)心，一些蔬菜，如土豆或含有硝酸鹽的蔬菜，加熱得越久，危害就越大。)”列出了專(zhuān)家的看法，沒(méi)有表達(dá)作者的個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)，寫(xiě)這篇文章，說(shuō)明作者是中立的，故選B。35題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“What’stheoldestmealyou’veeaten?Maybeyou’vehadleftoversfromafewdaysago.Theyprobablystilltastedgood.Butwhatifitwasn’tafewdaysago,whatifyouatea60-dayoldstew(燉菜)?Ora49-year-oldbeefnoodlesoup?(你吃過(guò)最早的一餐是什么時(shí)候?也許你吃了幾天前的剩菜。它們可能仍然很好吃。但如果不是幾天前，如果你吃了60天的燉菜呢？還是49年前的牛肉面湯？)”結(jié)合文章介紹了永久燉菜的內(nèi)容、歷史、專(zhuān)家的不同觀點(diǎn)，可得知D選項(xiàng)“永久燉菜：幾十年的制作”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2.5分,滿(mǎn)分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Inthedynamicworldoffitness,wheretreadmills(跑步機(jī))humandweightsclink,anemergingconcernforsustainabilityisreshapingthegymexperience.____36____?Inthisguide,we’llnavigatethroughkeyaspectsofeco-consciousfitnesstohelpyoufigureoutifyourgymisonthesustainabletrack.●Energy-efficientequipmentAsustainablegymstartswiththetoolsthatpushyourworkout.Modernfitnessequipmentisevolvingbeyondthepursuitofpersonalrecords.____37____.Energy-efficientmachines,equippedwithregenerativebrakingsystemsandsmarttechnology,employthepowergeneratedduringworkoutstobalanceelectricityconsumption.Lookattheverytoolsthatpoweryourworkout.Arethemachinesequippedwithenergy-efficientfeatures?Dotheyemploytheenergygeneratedduringworkoutstocontributebacktothegym’spowerneeds?●____38____Theinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)ofagymplaysacrucialroleinitssustainabilityjourney.Theuseofeco-friendlymaterials,energy-efficientlightingandstrategicdesignfornaturalaircirculationarekeyelementsofagreenfitnessspace.Exploretheinfrastructureofyourgym.Doestheoveralldesignfacilitatenaturalaircirculationandusesustainableconstructionpractices?●WastemanagementAsyouaresweatingitoutatthegym,whathappenstothewastegenerated?Sustainablefitnessspacesprioritisecomprehensivewastemanagementsystems.____39____.Directyourattentiontohowyourgymmanageswaste.Aretherevisiblerecyclingprogramsforplastics,paperandothercommongymmaterials?Doesthegymuseeco-friendlycleaningproducts,demonstratingacommitmenttominimisingitsenvironmentalimpact?●Renewableenergyintegration____40____,butsustainablefitnessfacilitiesfindinnovativewaystoemployrenewableenergy.Solarpanelsandotherrenewableenergysourcesareintegratedintothegym’sinfrastructuretooffsetpowerconsumption,reducingthefacility’scarbonfootprintandcontributingtoagreenerenergylandscape.Investigatewhetheryourgymistappingintorenewableenergysources.Aretheresolarpanelsorwindturbinesintegratedintotheinfrastructure?A.ThisinvolvesrecyclingprogramsforcommongymmaterialsB.GreenbuildingpracticesC.AdaptablefitnessfacilitiesD.ButhowdoyouknowifyourgymistrulysustainableE.TheenergydemandsofabusygymcanbeconsiderableF.It’snowcontributingtothejointeffortsforagreenerplanetG.Aretheresignsthatyourworkoutincreasescarbonfootprint【答案】36.D37.F38.B39.A40.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了辨別一個(gè)健身房是否環(huán)保、可持續(xù)發(fā)展的方法?！?6題詳解】上文“Inthedynamicworldoffitness,wheretreadmills(跑步機(jī))humandweightsclink,anemergingconcernforsustainabilityisreshapingthegymexperience.(在充滿(mǎn)活力的健身世界里，跑步機(jī)嗡嗡作響，重物叮當(dāng)作響，對(duì)可持續(xù)性的新關(guān)注正在重塑健身房體驗(yàn))”說(shuō)明人們?cè)陉P(guān)注健身房是否是可持續(xù)發(fā)展的，以及下文“Inthisguide,we’llnavigatethroughkeyaspectsofeco-consciousfitnesstohelpyoufigureoutifyourgymisonthesustainabletrack.(在這則指南中，我們將瀏覽生態(tài)意識(shí)健身的關(guān)鍵方面，以幫助你了解你的健身房是否在可持續(xù)發(fā)展的軌道上)”說(shuō)明這則指南將幫助你了解你的健身房是否是可持續(xù)發(fā)展的，D項(xiàng)“但你怎么知道你的健身房是否真正可持續(xù)”提出問(wèn)題，承接上文，并引出下文的回答，符合