2024-2025學年新教材高中英語UNIT5LANGUAGESAROUNDTHEWORLD突破語法大沖關(guān)學案含解析新人教版必修第一冊

UNIT5LANGUAGESAROUNDTHEWORLD定語從句(Ⅱ)[視察例句]1．Therearemanyreasonswhythishasbeenpossible，butoneofthemainfactorshasbeentheChinesewritingsystem.2．...asitwasatimewhenpeopleweredividedgeographically...3．EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.4．ItoldmymumthatIwantedtogiveup，andthatIwouldneverliveinacountrywhereGermanwasspoken.5．Ifinallyunderstoodthereasonwhymymumhadencouragedmenottogiveup.6．ThenIsawanadvertisementthatofferedawonderfulsummercourseinGerman，andthatwasthedaywhenIdecidedtotakeonanewlanguage.[歸納用法]一、關(guān)系副詞的用法關(guān)系副詞在引導定語從句時，其功能相當于介詞短語，在句中作狀語。when，where，why在定語從句中分別作時間狀語、地點狀語和緣由狀語。1．when指時間，在定語從句中作時間狀語。IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstwenttotheGreatWall.我還記得我第一次去長城的那一天。Thedaywhenwegettogetherwillcomesoon.我們重聚的日子很快就會來的。[名師點津]若時間名詞后面的定語從句的引導詞在從句中作主語或賓語，則改用which或that。Doyourememberthedays(which/that)wespenttogether?你還記得我們一起度過的那些日子嗎？(關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語)2．where指地點，在定語從句中作地點狀語。ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.我10年前居住的那所房子已經(jīng)被拆了。Heisnowworkinginthefactorywherehisfatherworked.現(xiàn)在他正在他父親工作過的那家工廠工作。[名師點津]若地點名詞后面的定語從句的引導詞在從句中作主語或賓語，則改用which或that。Theschool(which/that)wevisitedyesterdayisnewlybuilt.我們昨天參觀的那所學校是新建的。(關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語)3．why指緣由，在定語從句中作緣由狀語。Thereasonwhyhesucceededintheexamisthathestudiedveryhard.他考試勝利的緣由是他學習很仔細。[名師點津]若reason后面的定語從句的引導詞在從句中作主語或賓語，則改用which或that。Thisisthereason(which/that)ourteachergaveusfordoingit.這就是我們老師給我們的做此事的理由。(關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語)Hegavemeareasonwhich/thatwasreasonable.他給了我一個合情合理的理由。(關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語)[即學即練1]用適當?shù)年P(guān)系副詞填空①HearrivedinBeijingonthedaywhenIleft.②Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisintheeastofthecity.③Couldyoutellmethereasonwhysherefusedtogoabroad?二、“介詞＋which/whom”引導的定語從句1．“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)引導定語從句時，關(guān)系代詞只能用which(指物)或whom(指人)，即介詞＋which/whom，且不能省略。Ifyouhaveanythingonwhichyouwantmyopinions，feelfreetoseeme.假如你們有什么事須要征求我的看法的話，隨時來找我。Itookaphotoofthestudents，amongwhomwasseatedateacher.我給這些學生拍了一張照片，他們中間坐著一位老師。2．“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞(which/whom)”中介詞的選擇：一先，二動，三意義?！耙幌取?，即依據(jù)先行詞來確定介詞。ThefactoryinwhichI'mworkingmainlyproducescomputers.我工作所在的工廠主要生產(chǎn)電腦。(inwhich代替inthefactory，“在工廠里”用介詞in。)“二動”，即依據(jù)定語從句中的謂語動詞來確定介詞。Inthedarkstreettherewasn'tasinglepersontowhomshecouldturnforhelp.在漆黑的街道上她沒有一個人可以求助。(towhom代替toaperson；turntosb.forhelp“向某人求助”。)“三意義”，即依據(jù)定語從句的意義來確定介詞。IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5：30p.m.，bywhichtimemanypeoplehavegonehome.在辦公室里，我要到下午5：30之后才能有點空閑，到那時，很多人已經(jīng)回家了。3．介詞前有時加名詞、數(shù)詞、不定代詞，構(gòu)成“名詞/數(shù)詞/不定代詞＋ofwhich/whom”結(jié)構(gòu)，在定語從句中作主語。Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversecultures，eachofwhichusesitdifferently.英語是一種多元文化共享的語言，每一種文化運用它的方式各不相同。Icollectedsomebooks，thecoversofwhich(＝whosecovers/ofwhichthecovers)areyellowwithyears.我保藏了一些書，它們的封面因年頭久遠都變黃了。4．“復合介詞＋which”引導的定語從句，常用逗號與先行詞隔開，而且定語從句常用倒裝語序。Helivedinabighouse，infrontofwhichstoodabigtalltree.他住在一幢大房子里，房前有一棵大樹。[名師點津](1)當定語從句中的謂語動詞短語是固定搭配不行分割時，那么該動詞短語中的介詞不能前置，如listento，lookat，lookfor，lookinto，dependon，makeuseof，payattentionto，takecareof等。ThisisthepenwhichI'mlookingfor.這是我正在找的那支鋼筆。(2)“介詞＋where”和“介詞＋which”的用法不同，如：Hisheadsoonappearedoutofthewindow，fromwherehesawnothingbuttrees.他的頭很快從窗口露出來，從那兒除了樹木他什么也看不見。(fromwhere相當于fromoutofthewindow，而不是fromthewindow)[即學即練2]單句語法填空①Scientistshavecomeupwithmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanscry，noneofwhichhasbeenproved.②Theoldmanhastwosons，bothofwhomarelawyers.③Mycomputer，withoutwhichIcan'tsurftheInternet，brokedownyesterday.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Thevalleywherethetownliesisverybeautiful.2．Iwillneverforgetthedayswhenwestayedtogetherinthecountryside.3．Therewasaperiodoftimeinhischildhoodwhenhelikedlisteningtostoriesverymuch.4．Iknowthegirlwhomtheteachertalkedwithyesterday.5．Shehastwosons，bothofwhomgraduatedfromHarvardUniversity.6．Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthatsomethingwaswrongwithhisbikeontheway.7．Thehouseforwhichhepaid200,000yuanisnowworth350,000yuan.8．ThemanfromwhomIgotaletterwasmybrother.9．Wevisitedthecarfactorywheremyuncleonceworkedthreeyearsago.10．Thisisthefactorythat/whichIvisitedlastyear.Ⅱ.短文語法填空(用適當?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空)Therewasatime1.whenIwastiredoflearningEnglishanddislikedtospeakEnglish.Andthiswasthereason2.whymyfatherforcedmetojoinina30-daytraininginanEnglishclubbeforeIwenttoseniorhighschool.WhenIfirstcametotheclub，3.whereImetmanystrangers，Imissedmyparentsverymuch.SoIpackedupmythingsandwantedtogohome.Fortunately，myguideteacher4.whosenamewasLiYang，communicatedwithmefacetoface，from5.whichIgainedsomeusefulinstructions.Healsoshowedmeagoodpartner，andwegotalongwellwitheachother.GraduallyIadaptedtothelifethere.EverydayIwouldliketotalktootherteenagersandsetdownaseriesofactivities6.that/whichwedid.Myfatherandtheguide7.who/thatencouragedmetofallinlovewithEnglishshouldbeappreciated.NowIfeelitinterestingtolearnEnglish，into8.which