2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit3Fasterhigherstronger泛讀知識細(xì)解碼學(xué)案外研版選擇性必修第一冊

PAGEUnit3Fasterhigherstronger1．shinevi.發(fā)出光vt.照耀→shinyadj.光滑發(fā)亮的，閃光的2．a(chǎn)ssociatevt.聯(lián)想，聯(lián)系→associationn．協(xié)會，社團(tuán)3．mudn．泥土；泥→muddyadj.沾滿泥的，泥濘的4．sharpadj.敏銳的；銳利的；(變更)急劇的，猛烈的；洪亮的；嚴(yán)厲的adv.(指時刻)整；向左/右急轉(zhuǎn)→sharpenvt.使提高，使改進(jìn)5．expectv．預(yù)料，預(yù)料→expectationn．預(yù)料，預(yù)期sharpenv．(使)變得銳利，變得清楚；加強；使尖銳；使明朗；(使)提高1．Thisknifeneedssharpening. (使)銳利2．Theoutlineofthetreessharpenedasitgrewlighter.變得清楚3．Theseaairsharpenedourappetites. 加強4．Thereisaneedtosharpenthefocusofthediscussion.使明朗5．Sheisdoingacoursetosharpenherbusinessskills.(使)提高WordsandPhrases學(xué)問要點1(教材P26)AfarcryfromthebrightlightsandshinycourtsoftheNationalBasketballAssociation(NBA)，itwasalongthisroadthatStephen'sgrandfatherbuiltasimplebasketbyattachingapieceofplastictoatelephonepole.正是沿著這條路，斯蒂芬的祖父將一塊塑料綁到一根電線桿上，制作了一個簡陋的籃筐，這與美國國家籃球協(xié)會(NBA)光明的燈光和閃亮的球場大不相同。(1)afarcryfrom與……大不相同[例]WatchingamovieisdefinitelyafarcryfromtakingavacationinHawaii.看電影與去夏威夷度假簡直就是天壤之別。[學(xué)問拓展]asfaras 至于，直到，遠(yuǎn)到；就……而言byfar (修飾比較級或最高級)……得多；最……sofar 到目前為止，迄今farfrom 遠(yuǎn)離；遠(yuǎn)非；完全不[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①LivingintheheartofNewYorkCityiscertainlyafarcryfromlivingintheruralcountryside.②ItisbyfarthebeefiestcountryinAfrica.③Weshouldn'thavespentsomuchmoneyvisitinghere；thesceneryisfarfrombeautiful.④Sofar，someadvancedteachingequipment，togetherwiththreehundrednewbooks，hasbeensent(send)tothoseschoolsinthefarawayarea.⑤AsfarasIknow，themeetingwon'tbeheldtomorrow.據(jù)我所知，明天不實行會議。(2)associationn．協(xié)會，社團(tuán)；聯(lián)合，聯(lián)想[例]Soalothangsonwhethertheassociationbetweengeneanddiseaseisreal.所以，這一切取決于基因與疾病之間是否真的有關(guān)聯(lián)。[學(xué)問拓展](1)inassociationwith... 與……合伙/合作(2)associatev. 聯(lián)系，聯(lián)想n. 同伴，伙伴associate...with... 把……同……聯(lián)系起來beassociatedwith... 和……有關(guān)associatewithsb. 與某人打交道[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①I，representingouruniversity'sstudentassociation(associate)，wenttotheBeijingCapitalInternationalAirporttomeetthisyear'sinternationalstudents.②Nutsarehighinamineralassociated(associate)withhigh-qualitysleep.③Thebookwaspublishedinassociation(associate)withthePeople'sEducationPress.④WhentalkingaboutChina，peopleoftenassociateitwiththeYellowRiver.談到中國，人們常常把它和黃河聯(lián)系在一起。(3)attach...to...把……附/系在……上面[例]Weattachlabelstothingsbeforewefilethemaway.我們在把東西歸檔前先給它們貼上標(biāo)簽。[學(xué)問拓展]attachimportance/significancetosth. 認(rèn)為……有重要性/意義attachoneselftosb./beattachedto 附屬于；依戀[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Attacharecentphotographtoyourapplicationform.②Generallyspeaking，parentsattachgreatimportance(important)totheirchildren'seducation.③Thehospitalyoureferredtojustnowisattachedtothemedicalcollege.你剛才提到的這家醫(yī)院附屬于這所醫(yī)學(xué)院。學(xué)問要點2giveway倒塌；向下垮；讓步，屈服(教材P26)Yousee，witheveryshot，theweakplasticbackboardgaveway.你看，每一次投籃，不堅固的塑料籃板都搖搖欲墜。[例]Thebankoftherivergavewayandthewaterburstforth.河岸坍塌，河水沖了出來。[學(xué)問拓展]givewayto 被……取代；向……讓步giveout 放出，發(fā)出(光、熱、聲音等)； 分發(fā)；公布；用完，耗盡giveaway 免費贈送；泄露(隱私)giveup 放棄；戒除givein 屈服；倒戈[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Hegaveawayallhisbooksbeforedeath.②Thesungivesoutlightandheattotheearth.③Heissuchadeterminedpersonthathewillnevergivewaytoanydifficulties.④Thisoverpassmightgivewayduringanearthquake.這座天橋在地震中可能會倒塌。學(xué)問要點3sharpenv．(使)提高，改善；(使)變得銳利，變得清楚；使尖銳，使明朗(教材P26)Inthisway，practisingdayinanddayouthelpedStephansharpenhisskills.就這樣，日復(fù)一日地練習(xí)幫助斯蒂芬提高了他的球技。[例]Ihopethiscoursewillhelpmesharpenmycomputerskill.我希望這門課程能幫助我提高電腦操作技能。[學(xué)問拓展](1)sharpenup (使)提高，改善(2)sharpadj. 敏銳的；銳利的；(變更)急劇的，猛烈的； 洪亮的；嚴(yán)厲的adv. (指時刻)整；向左/右急轉(zhuǎn)besharpwithsb. 對某人嚴(yán)厲(3)sharplyadv. 急劇地；嚴(yán)厲地；顯明地，明顯地sharpenern.[C] 磨具，削具[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①HardlyhadSabrinafinishedherwordswhenAlbertsaidsharply(sharp)，“Don'tbesomean，”pointingafingerofwarningather.②Memoriescanbedestroyedifthebraindoesn'thaveenoughreststosharpen(sharp)them.③Thebosscanbeverysharpwithpeoplewhenshe'sbusy.④Heneedstosharpenupbeforethematch.競賽之前他須要進(jìn)一步提高自己。[小片段填空]Isharpenedtheknifeusingasharpener，andnowit'ssharpenoughtocutmeatintopieces.我用磨具將這把刀磨得銳利，現(xiàn)在它足夠銳利，可以把肉切成碎片。學(xué)問要點4followinone'sfootsteps仿效某人，繼承某人(尤指家人)的事業(yè)(教材P26)Despitehisfather'ssuccessfulcareer，Stephenwasthoughtbymanypeople，includinghishighschoolteammatesandcoaches，tobetooshort，toothinandtooweaktofollowinhisfather'sfootsteps.盡管他父親的事業(yè)很勝利，但許多人，包括斯蒂芬的中學(xué)隊友和教練，都認(rèn)為他太矮小瘦弱，無法繼承父親的事業(yè)。[例]Heworksintelevision，followinginhisfather'sfootsteps.他效仿父親，從事電視行業(yè)。[學(xué)問拓展]followthecrowd 隨大流followone'sexample 效仿某人的做法asfollows 如下；如下所述(通常作表語)followone'sorder 聽從某人的吩咐followone'sadvice 聽從某人的建議[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Themainpointsoftheplanareasfollows.②Hefollowedinhisbrother'sfootstepsandbecamealawyer.③Ifhehadfollowedmyadvice，hewouldn'thavelosthisjob.假如他聽從了我的建議，他就不會失去他的工作。學(xué)問要點5carryon接著；堅持(教材26)ButStephencarriedon.但是斯蒂芬堅持了下來。[例]Afterthemeal，themanagerswentbacktothemeetingroomtocarryontheirdiscussion.吃完飯后經(jīng)理們回到會議室接著他們的探討。[學(xué)問拓展]carryondoing/with... 接著做……carryout 執(zhí)行carryoff 勝利地完成；贏得，獲得(獎項)carrythrough 實現(xiàn)；完成[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①You'llhaveanaccidentifyoucarryondriving(drive)likethat.②Afterhisdeath，hischildrenwillcertainlycarryonhiscareer.③Heisdeterminedtocarryallhisplansthrough．④Itwasadifficultproject，butwecarrieditoffwell.⑤Properamountsofexercise，ifcarriedoutregularly，canimproveourhealth.假如常常地進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)倪\動，我們的身體健康能夠得到改善。學(xué)問要點6expectationn．預(yù)料，預(yù)期；期望，希望(教材P27)Heperformedbeyondeveryone'sexpectationswithhisaccurateshootingandcontinuousefforts.憑借精準(zhǔn)的投籃和不斷的努力讓他的表現(xiàn)超出了全部人的預(yù)期。[例]Iappliedforthepostmoreinhopethanexpectation.我申請這個職位是希望多于期盼。[學(xué)問拓展](1)beyondone'sexpectations 超出某人的預(yù)期inexpectationof... 預(yù)料會有……，預(yù)料……liveupto/meet(sb.'s)expectations 不負(fù)(某人的)期望againstallexpectations 出乎意料(2)expectv. 預(yù)料；期盼；期望；認(rèn)為expect(sb.)todosth. 期盼(某人)做某事asexpected 按安排進(jìn)行，不出所料Iexpectso 我認(rèn)為是這樣的[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Sometimesitisabitchallengingtoreachacompromisebetweenparents'expectations(expect)andtheirkids'desires.②ItwasanA，whichwasbeyondmyexpectations.③Tobehonest，theroleJackplaysinthisfilmdoesn'tliveuptomyexpectations，thoughheisoneofmyfavouriteactors.④Ineverexpectedtheshoestobeworn(wear)outsosoon.⑤Inexpectationofatrafficjam，Idecidedtowalk.我預(yù)料會堵車，于是確定步行。[小片段填空]Wehavegreatexpectationsofyou，andallexpectyoucanleaveadeepimpressionontheaudience.我們對你抱有極大的期望，都希望你能給觀眾留下深刻的印象。學(xué)問要點7setout動身，起先做(教材P27)Ineverreallysetouttochangethegame...我從來沒有真正起先變更競賽……[例]Wesetouttofindthetruthbehindthemystery.我們起先著手揭開謎團(tuán)背后的真相。[學(xué)問拓展]setabout 著手，起先做setoff 動身，啟程，引起，使(炸彈等)爆炸setaside 節(jié)約，保留setup 建立，樹立setdown 寫下，放下[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/一句多譯①Ashewasreadytosetout/off，hefoundthattheroadwasblocked.②RalphW．Emersonwouldalwayssetdownnewideasthatoccurredtohim.③Youhadbettersetasidesometimeeverydayforsportssothatyoucankeepyourselfenergetic.④一到這個村莊，教授就著手探討當(dāng)?shù)鼐用竦娘L(fēng)俗習(xí)慣?！鶲narrivingatthevillage，theprofessorsetouttostudythecustomsofthenatives.(不定式)→Onarrivingatthevillage，theprofessorsetaboutstudyingthecustomsofthenatives.(動詞-ing)SentencePatterns重點句式1強調(diào)句(教材P26)...itwasalongthisroadthatStephen'sgrandfatherbuiltasimplebasketbyattachingapieceofplastictoatelephonepole.正是沿著這條路，斯蒂芬的祖父將一塊塑料綁到一根電線桿上，制作了一個簡陋的籃筐……句式分析：本句是一個強調(diào)句，強調(diào)狀語alongthisroad。[例1]Itwasthemanagerthat/whoaskedhissecretarytokeephiminformedoftheprogress.是經(jīng)理讓秘書告知他進(jìn)展?fàn)顩r的。[例2]Itiscoffeethattheyalwaysdrinkintheafternoon.他們常常在下午喝的是咖啡。[學(xué)問拓展](1)強調(diào)句的基本句型是“Itis/was＋被強調(diào)部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分”。(2)強調(diào)句的一般疑問句是將is/was提前，即：“Is/Wasit...that...”。(3)強調(diào)句的特別疑問句形式，需將陳述句變成一般疑問句，再在句首加上疑問詞，即“疑問詞(被強調(diào)部分)＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分”。[即學(xué)即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Itwashisbestfriendthat/whohemetattheparty.②Itwaswiththehelpofthelocalguidethatthemountainclimberwasrescued.③ItwasnotuntilIcameherethatIrealizedthisplacewasfamousfornotonlyitsbeautybutalsoitsweather.④WasitSallythat/whophonedyoujustnow?剛才是莎莉給你打電話嗎？⑤Whatwasitthatpreventedhimfromcomingintime?是什么使他不能剛好來的？[名師點津]強調(diào)句型的推斷方法：把itis/was及that去掉，依舊是一個完整的句子；否則，就不是強調(diào)句型。試比較：ItwasintheparkthatIlostmycellphone.(強調(diào)句型)ItwastheparkwhereIlostmycellphone.(where引導(dǎo)定語從句)重點句式2too...to...句型(教材P26)Despitehisfather'ssuccessfulcareer，Stephenwasthoughtbymanypeople，includinghishighschoolteammatesandcoaches，tobetooshort，toothinandtooweaktofollowinhisfather'sfootsteps.盡管他父親的事業(yè)很勝利，但許多人，包括斯蒂芬的中學(xué)隊友和教練，都認(rèn)為他太矮小瘦弱，無法繼承父親的事業(yè)。句式分析：句中的tooshort，toothinandtooweaktofollowinhisfather'sfootsteps是too...to...結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“太……而不能……”。[例1]Heistooshytogiveaspeech.他太羞澀，不敢做演講。[例2]Themilkistoohottodrink/tobedrunk.牛奶太燙了，不能喝。[學(xué)問拓展](1)can't/cannever...too...意為“再……也不過分”。(2)too...to...結(jié)構(gòu)常可轉(zhuǎn)換為“so＋adj./adv.＋that-clause”結(jié)構(gòu)。(3)在too...to...結(jié)構(gòu)中，若用ready，anxious，eager，glad，willing等形容詞，則該結(jié)構(gòu)不表否定意義。[即學(xué)即練]同義句轉(zhuǎn)換/完成句子①Sheistooyoungtodothework.→Sheisn'toldenoughtodothework.(enough...to...)②Theboxistooheavyformetocarry.→TheboxissoheavythatIcan'tcarryit．(so...that...)③Youcan'tbetoocarefultocrossthestreet．穿過街道再細(xì)心也不過分。④I'mtoogladtomeetyouhere.在這里遇到你真是太興奮了。(教材P27)Inspiringotherstobelieveinthemselves，StephenCurryislivingproofthatwhatotherpeoplethinkofyoudoesnothavetoinfluencewhatyoubecome.[分析]本句是一個復(fù)合句，Inspiringotherstobelieveinthemselves是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語；that引導(dǎo)同位語從句說明proof內(nèi)容；whatotherpeoplethinkofyou在同位語從句中作主語；whatyoubecome作賓語。[譯文]激勵別人信任自己，別人對你的看法并不肯定會影響你成為什么樣的人，斯蒂芬·庫里就是活生生的例子。教材高考1tobetooshort，toothinandtooweaktofollowinhisfather'sfootsteps.(2024·全國卷Ⅲ)Besides，themostpuzzlingthingisthatourtoneistoomonotonoustopresentthecharacter'sinnerheartfully.2.AfarcryfromthebrightlightsandshinycourtsoftheNationalBasketballAssociation(NBA)...(2024·北京卷)YoucandoallthethreewithGlobalDevelopmentAssociation(GDA).3.Heperformedbeyondeveryone'sexpectationswithhisaccurateshootingandcontinuousefforts.(2024·全國卷Ⅱ)Tosumup，Iwishyoucouldliveuptotheexpectationsofourschool.Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Newresearchprovesitwrongthatthelossofonesensemaysharpen(sharp)othersenses.2．Thatautobiographywasafarcryfromwhathappenedinhislife.3．Thesmallballbounced(bounce)severaltimesandrolledintotheriver.4．Thenaughtyboywasmuddy(mud)becausehehadbeenplayingsoccerintherainallafternoon.5．Nothingissoeasyasforparentstoraisetheirexpectations(expectation)oftheirchildrentoohigh.6．Aristotlewasagreatphilosopher(philosophy)，scientistandeducator.7．Expertsinsistthatpacketsofcigarettescomewithahealthwarningattachedtothem.8．Itwashimthat/whoIfounddifficulttogetalongwith.9．Iwas19andtooyoungtoknow(know)muchaboutlife.10．Inyourletter，youaskedmyadviceonhowtochooseaproperassociation(associate)inyourschool.Ⅱ.選詞填空afarcryfrom，attach...to...，sharpenone'sskills，followinone'sfootsteps，setout，giveway，carryon，carryout，beyondone'sexpectation，inarow1．Alice，thesalesmanagerofthecompany，isdoingacoursetosharpenherbusinessskills．2．Thestagegaveway(倒塌)justaminuteandahalflater.3．Whatyoudidwasafarcryfromwhatyousaidyouweregoingtodo.4．Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketoseecarriedoutthenextyear.5．Shesetouttobreaktheworldlandspeedrecord.6．Shewonthefirstprizeinthecompetition，whichwasbeyondherexpectations．7．FortheseconddayinarowAdamwastheonlyguestatbreakfast.8．Heisoneofthestudentswhoattachgreatimportancetohomework.9．It'