2025版高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)選修7Unit3Underthesea學(xué)案含解析新人教版

PAGEUnit3Underthesea————[單元主題語境]———人與自然之人與環(huán)境、人與動植物(2024·高考北京卷)話題：氣候變暖與海洋顏色變更詞數(shù)：274難度：★★★★Bytheendofthecentury，ifnotsooner，theworld'soceanswillbebluerandgreenerthankstoawarmingclimate，accordingtoanewstudy.Attheheartofthephenomenonlietinymarinemicroorganisms(海洋微生物)calledphytoplankton.Becauseofthewaylightreflectsofftheorganisms，thesephytoplanktoncreatecolourfulpatternsattheoceansurface.Oceancolourvariesfromgreentoblue，dependingonthetypeandconcentrationofphytoplankton.Climatechangewillfuelthegrowthofphytoplanktoninsomeareas，whilereducingitinotherspots，leadingtochangesintheocean'sappearance.Phytoplanktonliveattheoceansurface，wheretheypullcarbondioxide(二氧化碳)intotheoceanwhilegivingoffoxygen.Whentheseorganismsdie，theyburycarboninthedeepocean，animportantprocessthathelpstoregulatetheglobalclimate.Butphytoplanktonarevulnerabletotheocean'swarmingtrend.Warmingchangeskeycharacteristicsoftheoceanandcanaffectphytoplanktongrowth，sincetheyneednotonlysunlightandcarbondioxidetogrow，butalsonutrients.StephanieDutkiewicz，ascientistinMIT'sCenterforGlobalChangeScience，builtaclimatemodelthatprojectschangestotheoceansthroughoutthecentury.Inaworldthatwarmsupby3℃，itfoundthatmultiplechangestothecolouroftheoceanswouldoccur.Themodelprojectsthatcurrentlyblueareaswithlittlephytoplanktoncouldbecomeevenbluer.Butinsomewaters，suchasthoseoftheArctic，awarmingwillmakeconditionsriperforphytoplankton，andtheseareaswillturngreener.“Notonlyarethequantitiesofphytoplanktonintheoceanchanging，”shesaid，“butthetypeofphytoplanktonischanging.”Andwhydoesthatmatter？Phytoplanktonarethebaseofthefoodweb.Ifcertainkindsbegintodisappearfromtheocean，Dutkiewiczsaid，“itwillchangethetypeoffishthatwillbeabletosurvive.”Thosekindsofchangescouldaffectthefoodchain.Whatevercolourchangestheoceanexperiencesinthecomingdecadeswillprobablybetoogradualandunnoticeable，buttheycouldmeansignificantchanges.“It'llbeawhilebeforewecanstatisticallyshowthatthechangesarehappeningbecauseofclimatechange，”Dutkiewiczsaid，“butthechangeinthecolouroftheoceanwillbeoneoftheearlywarningsignalsthatwereallyhavechangedourplanet.”[語篇解讀]本文是一篇說明文。調(diào)查表明，由于氣候變暖，全球的海洋將會變得更藍(lán)、更綠。本語篇話題新奇，學(xué)問性強，旨在引導(dǎo)考生從生態(tài)文明的視角思索環(huán)境愛護(hù)的意義和價值，共建綠色家園。42．Whatarethefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?A．Thevariouspatternsattheoceansurface.B．Thecauseofthechangesinoceancolour.C．Thewaylightreflectsoffmarineorganisms.D．Theeffortstofuelthegrowthofphytoplankton.解析：段落大意題。文章第一段點題：由于氣候變暖，全球的海洋將會變得更藍(lán)、更綠。其次段介紹由于光從生物體反射的方式，這些浮游植物在海洋表面形成了五彩繽紛的圖案；氣候變更又使得這些浮游植物在某些區(qū)域加速生長而在其他地方有所削減，導(dǎo)致海洋表面的顏色變更。由此可知前兩段講了海洋顏色變更的緣由，故B項正確。答案：B43．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vulnerable”inparagraph3probablymean?A．Sensitive. B．Beneficial.C．Significant. D．Unnoticeable.解析：詞義揣測題。畫線詞后一句提到，氣候變暖變更了海洋的主要特點并能影響浮游植物的生長，因為它們要生長不僅僅須要陽光和二氧化碳，也須要養(yǎng)分。由此可知，這些浮游植物對海洋變暖很敏感，故A項正確。答案：A44．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Phytoplanktonplayadecliningroleinthemarineecosystem.B．Dutkiewicz'smodelaimstoprojectphytoplanktonchanges.C．Phytoplanktonhavebeenusedtocontrolglobalclimate.D．Oceanswithmorephytoplanktonmayappeargreener.解析：推理推斷題。由倒數(shù)其次段可知，這些浮游植物是海洋食物鏈的基礎(chǔ)，假如某些種類的浮游植物消逝了，會影響能存活的魚的類型，從而影響海洋食物鏈，所以A項“浮游植物在海洋生態(tài)中所起的作用越來越小”是不對的；Dutkiewicz的模型不是用來推斷浮游植物的變更的，而是推斷海洋的變更的，解除B項；浮游植物不是用來限制全球氣候的，解除C項。由第四段中的“Butinsomewaters，suchasthoseoftheArctic，awarmingwillmakeconditionsriperforphytoplankton，andtheseareaswillturngreener.”可知，浮游植物多的區(qū)域海水會變得更綠，故D項正確。答案：D45．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Toassesstheconsequencesofoceancolourchanges.B．Toanalysethecompositionoftheoceanfoodchain.C．Toexplaintheeffectsofclimatechangeonoceans.D．Tointroduceanewmethodtostudyphytoplankton.解析：主旨大意題。文章主要論述了隨著氣候變暖，全球的海洋將會變得更藍(lán)、更綠，即氣候變更對海洋有影響，故C項正確。答案：C一、語言實力熟詞生義/詞類活用1．fuelvt.促進(jìn)；加強2．keyadj.主要的3．mattervi.重要，要緊4．whilen．一段時間二、思維品質(zhì)1．閱讀技巧——詞義揣測題的解題技巧常用的詞義揣測技巧有：1.依據(jù)定義或上下文說明進(jìn)行揣測；2.依據(jù)同位關(guān)系進(jìn)行揣測；3.依據(jù)構(gòu)詞法(前綴、后綴、復(fù)合、派生等)進(jìn)行揣測；4.依據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)Ρ汝P(guān)系進(jìn)行揣測。如第43題，由轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but及下一句可知，氣候變暖變更了海洋的主要特征，影響了浮游生物的生長，因為它們不僅須要陽光和二氧化碳才能生長，而且須要養(yǎng)分，可知本句主要是說浮游生物對氣候的變更很敏感。2．分析長難句并翻譯句子Climatechangewillfuelthegrowthofphytoplanktoninsomeareas，whilereducingitinotherspots，leadingtochangesintheocean'sappearance.[分析]此句中while表對比，意為“然而，不過”；現(xiàn)在分詞短語leadingtochangesintheocean'sappearance在句中作結(jié)果狀語。[翻譯]氣候變更將在某些地區(qū)促進(jìn)浮游植物的生長，而在其他地區(qū)則會削減浮游植物的生長，從而導(dǎo)致海洋外觀的變更。三、文化素養(yǎng)思索：通過閱讀這篇文章，你對海洋及海洋生物有何相識？海洋是生命的搖籃，在海里生活著成千上萬的海洋生物。它們不僅是維護(hù)地球生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的重要組成部分，而且為人們供應(yīng)了大量的食物。隨著全球人口的激增，陸地空間已經(jīng)越來越少，因此對于海洋的探究和開發(fā)就顯得尤為重要。授課提示：對應(yīng)學(xué)生用書第209頁NO.1單詞——在語境中應(yīng)用，在拓展中記多01核心單詞…………[先識記]請依據(jù)漢語提示完成下列詞塊1．a(chǎn)bandonthematch放棄競賽2．urgehimtostay勸他留下3．fleetoBritain逃到英國4．reflectthesunlight反射陽光5．pauseforamoment暫停一會兒6．dragsb.outtoaconcert硬拖某人去聽音樂會7．diveintothewater跳入水中8．shootatthetarget打靶9．sitoppositeeachother彼此相對而坐10．a(chǎn)nannualreport年度報告11．a(chǎn)witnesstotheaccident事務(wù)的目擊者12．a(chǎn)vividdescription活靈活現(xiàn)的描繪13．a(chǎn)narrowcircleoffriends狹小的摯友圈14．a(chǎn)shallowanalysis膚淺的分析[再拓展]請?zhí)钊肜ㄌ杻?nèi)單詞的正確形式1．Mostpeopleagreethatthereisacause-effectrelationship/relationbetweenobesityandunhealthyeating.Inotherwords，yourhealthisrelatedtowhatyoueat.(relate)2．Thewaterconservationissoimportantthatwemustpaymuchattentiontoconservingourdrinkingwater.(conserve)3．Ifyoucan'tfindanyaccommodationelsewhere，hereisaroomwhichcanaccommodateuptofivepeople.(accommodation)4．Excuseme.Couldyoulendmeyournewsharpener?Mypencilisn'tsharpatall，soImustsharpenit.(sharp)5．Thoughthetomatosoupistasty，I'velostmysenseoftasteandittastesjustliketastelesswater.(tasty)6．Thelakeisover10metersdeep.Sowewereallmoveddeeplybythemanwhodivedintothedepthtosavetheboy.(depth)7．Thesewhitebuildingsarereflectedintheriverandtheirreflectionisverybeautiful.(reflect)8．Wehaven'tfoundthemissingboyintheabandonedfactory，butwewon'tabandonanyclueandhopetofindhim.(abandon)9．Itisurgedthatweshouldfinishtheworkinsuchashortandurgenttime.(urge)02閱讀單詞…………標(biāo)注不相識的單詞，回查單詞表重新記憶□anecdote□migration□conservation□dimension□telescope□pension□flashlight□boundary□Antarctic□steep□shore□yell□dive□jog□tide□pure□cell□suck□awesome□leap□refundNO.2短語——在拼法中記牢，在聯(lián)想中積累[必會短語]請依據(jù)漢語提示完成下列詞塊1．(be)scaredtodeath嚇?biāo)懒?．inthemeantime在此期間；與此同時3．a(chǎn)imatgreataccuracy力求非常精確4．a(chǎn)headoftheage在時代的前列5．getclosetonature接近自然6．beabouttowin即將成功7．holdupyourhands舉起你的手8．be/becomeawareoftheproblem意識到這個問題9．helpyouout幫你擺脫逆境10．putthechairsupsidedown把椅子放顛倒了[詞匯積累]1．后綴-ship表“關(guān)系、狀態(tài)或技能”①friendship友情②relationship關(guān)系③partnership合伙④hardship苦難⑤citizenship公民權(quán)利(或資格)⑥membership會員⑦salesmanship推銷術(shù)⑧horsemanship馬術(shù)2．含-th詞尾的名詞①depth深度②width寬度③length長度④truth真理⑤growth成長⑥faith信念⑦death死亡⑧warmth暖和3．“v.＋at”短語薈萃①aimat瞄準(zhǔn)②pointat指向③arriveat到達(dá)④laughat訕笑⑤knockat敲(門、窗等)⑥callat探望某地⑦stareat注視⑧glareat怒目而視NO.3句式——在解讀中學(xué)懂，在學(xué)寫中學(xué)通請依據(jù)提示完成下列句子1．Itwasatimewhen...“曾經(jīng)一度(那時)”那個時期，年輕男女們起先變更他們的父輩和祖父輩的一些傳統(tǒng)。Itwasatimewhenyoungmenandwomenbegantochangesomeofthetraditionsoftheirparentsandgrandparents.2．beabouttodosth.“剛要做某事”我剛要出去，這時突然下起雨來。Iwasabouttogooutwhenitbegantorain.3．see...beingdone“望見……正在被……”(beingdone結(jié)構(gòu)作賓語補足語)在暴雨中，我看到一座建筑物正被洪水沖走。Inthestorm，Isawabuildingbeingwashedawaybytheflood.4．where...therebe...“在……的地方，有……”我們都知道，有幻想，就有希望。Weallknowthatwherethereisadream，thereishope.授課提示：對應(yīng)學(xué)生用書第210頁1．witnessvt.當(dāng)場見到；目擊；見證vi.為……作證(to)n.目擊者；證人；證據(jù)[寫作佳句]Theteahousewitnessedareallyenjoyabletimeforallofus.(2024·高考北京卷)茶館見證了我們?nèi)咳苏嬲_心的時間。[歸納拓展](1)awitnesstosth.某事的證人/證據(jù)bear/givewitnesstosth.為……作證；證明……(2)witnesssth./that...目擊……[實戰(zhàn)演練]基礎(chǔ)練透——單句語法填空①Thewitnesswhowitnessedtheaccidentpromisedtobeawitnessandgavewitnesstothevictim.②Ourschoolhaswitnessed(witness)greatchangesinthelastfewyears.實力提升——句型轉(zhuǎn)換③Shewitnessedtohavingseenthemanenterthebuilding.→Shewitnessedthatshehadseenthemanenterthebuilding.[實戰(zhàn)貼士]時間/地點名詞＋witness＋sth.表示“某時/某地目睹/見證了某事/……是某事發(fā)生的時間/地點”。2．urgevt.督促；極力主見；驅(qū)策n.劇烈的欲望；沖動[寫作佳句]Peoplenotonlycastonlinevotesthemselves，butalsourgeotherstovoteforcompetitionslikethe“MostBeautifulTeacher”andthe“CutestBaby”．人們不僅在網(wǎng)上給自己投票，而且也督促別人給像“最美老師”和“最可愛的寶寶”這樣的競賽投票。[歸納拓展](1)urgesb.todosth.督促某人做某事eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(Itisurgedthatsb.shoulddosth.,urgethatsb.shoulddosth.))堅決要求/極力主見某人應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事(2)have/feelanurgetodosth.渴望做某事(3)urgentadj.緊急的；迫切的；急迫的urgentlyadv.緊急地urgencyn．緊急；督促[實戰(zhàn)演練]基礎(chǔ)練透——單句語法填空①Mymotheralwaysurgesmetodo(do)myhomeworkasquickaspossible.②Ineverfeltanurgetolearnanysignlanguagebefore.③Imakeanurgent(urge)appealthatmeasuresshouldbetakentocopewiththesituation.④Itisstronglyurgedbystudentsthatthelibrary(should)bekept(keep)openduringtheweekend.實力提升——一句多譯父母應(yīng)當(dāng)主動地督促孩子利用加入體育隊的機會。⑤Parentsshouldactivelyurgetheirchildrentotakeadvantageoftheopportunitytojoinsportsteams.(簡潔句)⑥Parentsshouldactivelyurgethattheirchildrenshouldtakeadvantageoftheopportunitytojoinsportsteams.(復(fù)合句)3．a(chǎn)bandonvt.遺棄；拋棄；放棄；中止；使放縱n．放任；放縱[寫作佳句]Weshouldabandonthosebadhabitsthatareharmfultoourhealth，suchassmokinganddrinking.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)摒棄那些對我們健康有害的壞習(xí)慣，如吸煙、喝酒等。[歸納拓展](1)abandononeselfto(doing)sth.沉湎/盡情于(做)某事abandon(doing)sth.放棄(做)某事(2)withabandon放縱地；放任地(3)abandonedadj.被遺棄的；放縱的beabandonedto沉湎于……[實戰(zhàn)演練]基礎(chǔ)練透——單句語法填空①Iwillneverabandonreaching(reach)thetopofthe“mountain”becauseIwanttobesuccessfulinlife.②However，theseplanswereabandoned(abandon)becauseoffinancialproblems.③Wesawabandoned(abandon)farmswhichwerebuiltmorethanahundredyearsago.實力提升——補全句子④Neverabandonyourselftosadnessandhopelessness(沉醉于哀痛和無望之中)．Cheerup!4．reflectvt.映射；反射；反映；思索vi.思索[寫作佳句]What'smore，thetraditionalChinesedresscan'treflecttheuniquecultureofourschool.(2024·高考江蘇卷)更重要的是，傳統(tǒng)的中國服裝不能反映我們學(xué)校獨特的文化。[歸納拓展](1)reflecton/uponsth.反省/仔細(xì)思索某事(2)reflectionn．反射；反照；反映；映像；思索onreflection一再考慮[實戰(zhàn)演練]基礎(chǔ)練透——單句語法填空①Usuallyachild'sbehaviourisareflection(reflect)ofhisfamilyrelationshipandgrowthenvironment.②Chineseculturaltraditionsarereflected(reflect)invariouscelebrationsoftheMid-AutumnFestival.③Reflecting(reflect)onhervolunteerexperience，Tinafeltproudofwhatshemanagedtoachievetogetherwithherlocalcolleagues.實力提升——補全句子④Youshouldsetasidesometimetoreflecton/uponyoursuccessandfailure(留出一些時間反思你的成功和失敗)．5．help(...)out幫助(某人)擺脫逆境或危難；幫助[寫作佳句]Asheismybestfriend，whenIamintroublehewillcertainlyhelpmeout.因為他是我最好的摯友，所以當(dāng)我遇到麻煩時他確定會幫我。[歸納拓展](1)helpsb.with/(to)dosth.幫助某人某事/做某事can'thelpdoingsth.忍不住做某事can'thelpbutdosth.只得做某事；不得不做某事helpyourself(tosth.)隨意自己動手(吃/用……)(2)withthehelpofsb.＝withone'shelp在某人的幫助下beofhelpto＝behelpfulto/for對……有幫助[實戰(zhàn)演練]基礎(chǔ)練透——單句語法填空①Iwouldbehappytohelpyouwithyourfashionchange.②Wethinkthisistheopportunityforusyouthtocontributetohelpingthevictimsout.③Itoldthestorytotheclass.Assadasitwas，Icouldn'thelpsmiling(smile)．實力提升——一句多譯希望這些建議對你有幫助。(2024·高考全國卷Ⅰ)④Hopefully，thesesuggestionswouldhelpyouout.(helpv．)⑤Hopefully，thesesuggestionswouldbehelpfulfor/toyou.(helpful)⑥Hopefully，thesesuggestionswouldbeofhelptoyou.(helpn．)6．be/becomeawareof對……知道、明白；意識到……[寫作佳句]Inconclusion，peoplearoundtheworldshouldbeawareoftherealsituationofwatershortage.總之，全世界的人們都應(yīng)當(dāng)意識到水資源短缺的真實狀況。[歸納拓展](1)beawarethat...意識到/體會到……(2)awarenessn．意識；相識；覺悟developanawarenessof漸漸懂得；培育……的意識raiseanawarenessof提高……意識[實戰(zhàn)演練]基礎(chǔ)練透——單句語法填空①LearningEnglishnotonlyincreasesmyawareness(aware)offoreignculturesbutalsohelpsmetocommunicatewithEnglish-speakingpeopleandtomakemorenewfriends.②Inmyopinion，it'sveryimportanttodevelopanawarenessofhealthnow.③Asamemberofsociety，I'mawarethatbeingresponsibleiswhatittakestomakeabettersociety.④Someactivitiesshouldbecarriedouttomakepeopleawareoftheimportanceofdonatingblood.實力提升——完成句子⑤IwouldliketospeakforpandassothatIcanlearnmoreabouthowtoprotectthemandraisepeople'sawarenessofanimalprotection.我想為大熊貓代言，這樣我就能更多地了解如何愛護(hù)它們，并提高人們對動物愛護(hù)的意識。7．where...therebe...“在……的地方，有……”[教材原句]Thewaterwasquiteshallowbutwherethereefended，therewasasteepdroptothesandyoceanfloor.水很淺，但到了珊瑚礁的終點，就有一個陡坡，始終下降到滿是沙子的海底。[歸納拓展](1)where...therebe...意為“在……的地方，有……”，where引導(dǎo)地點狀語從句。(2)where可以引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾它前面的先行詞。(3)where可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，在句中作主語、賓語、表語或同位語。[實戰(zhàn)演練]基礎(chǔ)練透——單句語法填空①IarrivedearlyatByronBaywhereweweresupposedtomeet.②Today，peoplestillcomeandgo—toseewheretheCanadiangoldrushhappened.③Whereneighboursshareexperiences，thereisrenewedlifeandenergy.實力提升——一句多譯一個新的體育館在一年前還是草地的地方拔地而起。(2024·高考全國卷Ⅲ)④Anewstadiumhasarisenwheretherewasnothingbutagrasslandayearago.(狀語從句)⑤Anewstadiumhasarisenintheplacewheretherewasnothingbutagrasslandayearago.(定語從句)授課提示：對應(yīng)學(xué)生用書第212頁[教材與高考]Ⅰ.閱讀理解障礙詞1．閱讀詞匯認(rèn)知①(2024·高考江蘇卷)LoveFone，acompanythatadvocatesrepairingcellphonesratherthanabandoningthem，openedaminiworkshopinaLondonphoneboxin2024.vt.拋棄②(2024·高考北京卷)Armedwiththisknowledge，they'reabletocarryoutindividuallytargetedcampaignstocheatpeople.adj.針對性的③(2024·高考天津卷)Mostofus，infact，progressivelynarrowthevarietyofourlives.vt.使縮小④(2024·高考浙江卷)Woodcutterstargetedbigtrees.Housingdevelopmentpushedintothewoods.vt.對準(zhǔn)2．一詞多義①(2024·高考江蘇卷)Acityistheproductofthehumanhandandmind，reflectingman'sintelligenceandcreativity.CA．反射 B．思索C．反映②(2024·高考天津卷)Ifyourawarenessisassharpasitcouldbe，you'llhavenotroubleansweringthesequestions.BA．鋒利的 B．靈敏的C．鋒利的③(2024·高考天津卷)Perhapsoneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandoasagoodneighboristokeepyourproperty(房產(chǎn))neat，clean，andingoodrepair.BA．好的 B．整齊的C．勻整的Ⅱ.語言運用高頻點1．語法填空①(2024·高考全國卷Ⅰ)TherearethreebooksIrereadannually(annual)．②(2024·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessing(witness)theirmotherearnherdegree.③(2024·高考全國卷Ⅱ)“Ireflectonhowmyday'sgoneandthinkabouttherestoftheweek，”hesaid.④(2024·高考全國卷Ⅱ)Thepurposeoftheprogramistosharpen(sharp)students'communicationskills.⑤(2024·高考全國卷Ⅱ)Youalsoneedtojudgethequalityanddepth(deep)ofyourmotivation.⑥(2024·高考全國卷Ⅱ)JeffhadhuntedinIowabeforeThanksgivingwithhisdog，Rosie，butthegunshotshadscared(scare)thedogoff.⑦(2024·高考全國卷Ⅲ)Thenewspapersofthenewtrendweretargetedatcommonpeople.2．完形填空①(2024·高考江蘇卷)Beinggoodatsomethingandhavingapassionforitarenotenough.Success36fundamentallyonourviewofourselvesandoftheeventsinourlives.A．depends B．holdsC．keeps D．reflects解析：句意：成功取決于我們對自己和生活中發(fā)生的事情的看法。dependon“依靠，取決于”；holdon“堅持，抓住”；keepon“接著”；reflecton“思索”。答案：A②(2024·高考天津卷)“DoesJenniferlivehere？”Iheardaladysay.Inmyhusband'shandwasmywallet，withnotapenny20.A．missing B．returnedC．remaining D．a(chǎn)bandoned解析：依據(jù)語境可知，錢包完好無損地回來了，故本處意為“一便士也沒丟”。missing“丟失的”；returned“歸還的”；remaining“剩余的”；abandoned“被遺棄的”。答案：A③(2024·高考