重慶市第一中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期9月月考英語試題

英語試題卷注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號碼填寫在答題卡上。2.作答時，務(wù)必將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷及草稿紙上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分20分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1分，滿分5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhatwillthemandoonSaturday?A.Attendaparty.B.Seearelative.C.Hikeoutoftown.2.WhatisthewomanprobablydoingA.Drivingavehicle.B.Repairingalight.C.Handlingacaraccident.3.Whydoesthewomancalltheman?A.Toaskforhelp.B.Toinquireaboutafriend.C.Toinformhimofsomechanges4.Whichsporthasthemanjuststarted?A.Swimming.B.Windsurfing.C.Horseriding.5.Whatarethespeakersprobablytalkingabout?A.Aplane.B.Anovel.C.Avisitor.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第6和第7兩個小題。6.Whydoesthemanspeaktothewoman?A.Tocheckout.B.Tochangeabooking.C.Toaskforroomservice.7.Howmuchwillthemanpayintotal?A.$80.B.$100.C.$120.聽下面一段對話，回答第8和第9兩個小題。8.WhatdoweknowaboutIrenaSmith?A.SheworksinPoland.B.Shehasbrownhair.C.Sheteachesmaths.9.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext’A.Gotoalecture.B.Workonaproject.C.Talktoaprofessor.聽下面一段對話，回答第10至第13四個小題。10.HowdoesElliefeelaboutgoingtotheUniversityofLeeds?A.Nervous.B.Hesitant.C.Disappointed.11.HowdoesthewomansaygoingtouniversitywillbenefitEllie?A.She’llspeakEnglishbetter.B.She’llfindherfavoritemajor.C.Shellbeemoreoutgoing.12.WhatworriesthewomanaboutElliegoingtouniversity?A.Thefinancialburden.B.Thelongseparation.C.Theacademicworkload.13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Classmates.B、Familymembers.C.Teacherandparent.聽下面一段對話，回答第14至第17四個小題。14.WhichdiseaseisAishasufferingfrom?A.Abraindisease.B.Aheart.disease.C.Aneyedisease.15.HowmuchintotalisneededtotreatAisha?A.About$2million.B.About$4million.C.About$6million.16.WhatdidAisha’sfamilydotoraisemoney?A.Theygaveoutbrochures.B.Theyturnedtothelocalpaper.C.Theyrananonlinecampaign.17.WhatdidSamdotohelp?A.HeanalyzeddataB.Hecontactedacharity.C.Hetransportedthemedicine.聽下面一段獨白，回答第18至第20三個小題。18.Howoftenisthepetitionheld?A.Onceamonth.B.Onceayear.C.Everythreeyears.19.WhatdidAndrewdothatinspiredthespeaker?A.Hegaveatalk.B.Heshowedhiswork.C.Hewentonatrip.20.Whendidthespeakergetthejoboffer?A.Afterwinningaprize.B.Afterdesigningacourse.C.AfterreturningfromLondon.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。AFromParis1924toParis2024,What’sNewandWhatRemainsPARIS,July25(Xinhua)—Theyear2024marksthethirdtimethatParishashostedtheOlympicGames.Thefirstwasin1900andthelastwasacenturyagoin1924.Sincethen,theworldhaschangeddramatically.NUMBEROFATHLETESANDTHEOLYMPICVILLAGEParis1924featured3,089athletes,135womenand2,954men,manyofwhomwereacmodatedinthefirstOlympicVillage.AtParis2024,10,500petitorsareexpectedtopete,withwomenandmeninequalnumbers.TheOlympicVillageforthe2024GamesislocatedfiveminutesfromtheSaintDenisstadium,sevenkilometersfromthecenteroftheFrenchcapital.COUNTRIES(REGIONS)PARTICIPATINGINEACHEDITIONTherewere44NationalOlympicmittees(NOCs)representedatParis1924.Ecuador,Ireland,Lithuania,Philippines,Uruguay,LatviaandPolandsentdelegationsforthefirsttime.In2024,morethan200nationalandregionalOlympicmitteeswilltakepartintheGames,inadditiontotheRefugeeOlympicTeam.SPORTSINEACHEDITIONWith17sportsand126medalevents,theParis1924Gameslastednearlythreemonths,betweenMay4andJuly27,farlongerthannowadayseditionswhichareabouttwoweeks.TheupingParis2024willrunfromJuly26toAugust11withnearlydoublednumberofsports:32intotal—and329medalevents.1.WhenwasthefirstOlympicVillageadopted?A.1900. B.1924. C.2004. D.2024.2.WhichaspectoftheOlympicsisnotmentionedinthepassage?A.Thenumberofsports. B.ThedurationoftheGames.C.Thenamesofnewlyaddedevents. D.ThelocationoftheOlympicVillage.3.Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom!A.Anadvertisement. B.Aguidebook.C.Anewsreport. D.Atextbook.【答案】1.B2.C3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報道。主要介紹的是1924巴黎奧運會年到2024年巴黎奧運會的不同之處?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NUMBEROFATHLETESANDTHEOLYMPICVILLAGE部分中的“Paris1924featured3,089athletes,135womenand2,954men,manyofwhomwereacmodatedinthefirstOlympicVillage.(1924年巴黎奧運會共有3089名運動員參加，其中135名女運動員和2954名男運動員，其中許多人住在第一個奧運村)”可知，1924年巴黎奧運會中，有許多人住在以第一個奧運村，所以第一個奧運村是在1924年采用的。故選B項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SPORTSINEACHEDITION部分中的“With17sportsand126medalevents,theParis1924Gameslastednearlythreemonths,betweenMay4andJuly27,farlongerthannowadayseditionswhichareabouttwoweeks.(1924年巴黎奧運會共有17個大項和126個獎牌項目，從5月4日持續(xù)到7月27日，持續(xù)了近3個月，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了現(xiàn)在的兩周)”可知，1924年的巴黎奧運會有17個大項和126個獎牌項目，持續(xù)時間近3個月，所以文章提到了運動項目和持續(xù)時間，結(jié)合NUMBEROFATHLETESANDTHEOLYMPICVILLAGE部分中的“TheOlympicVillageforthe2024GamesislocatedfiveminutesfromtheSaintDenisstadium,sevenkilometersfromthecenteroftheFrenchcapital.(2024年奧運會的奧運村距離圣丹尼斯體育場5分鐘路程，距離法國首都市中心7公里)”可知，2024年奧運會的奧運村距離圣丹尼斯體育場5分鐘路程，所以本文提到了奧運村的位置，綜上信息可知，文章中沒有提到的是“新增運動項目的名稱”。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段中的“PARIS,July25(Xinhua)—Theyear2024marksthethirdtimethatParishashostedtheOlympicGames.(巴黎，7月25日（新華社）——2024年是巴黎第三次舉辦奧運會)”可知，本文是來自于新華社7月25日的報道，所以本文應(yīng)是來自于新聞報道。故選C項。B“Itwaswritteninsomesense,”thatNationalGeographicExplorerCynthiaChiangwouldendupinobservationalcosmology—thestudyoftheoriginanddevelopmentoftheuniverseusingspecializeddetectorsandtelescopes.“I’mnotgoingtolie,myfatherwasaphysicist.Mymotherwasanastronomer.Butnokidwantstobeliketheirparents,”shejokes,semiseriouslyChiangalwaysenjoyedbuildingthings.Itwasn’tunusualforhertodisassembleherfather’sresearchequipmentandputthembacktogetherlikeachildengineer.Shethanks,inpart,hershortattentionspanforherevolvingcuriosity:“Iamalwayslookingforsomething.”Forthelastfewyears,Chianghasbeenlookingforsignsoftheuniverse’searlyexistence—thebirthofthefirststarsmorethan13billionyearsago—andshe’sbuildingherownequipmenttodoit.AsaprofessorofphysicsatMcGillUniversity,shefocusesonpeeringbeyondtheuniverseasitisknowntoday,intoitsdistantpast,usingnovelradiotechnology.Initially,ChiangplannedtodoherPhDinparticle(粒子的)physicsbutswitcheddirectionafteravisittoalabattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology.“Itwaspletechaos.Therearespecializedequipmentandtoolseverywhere.Ididn’tknowaboutobservationalcosmologyatthetimebutthought‘Whateverthisis,Iwanttodothat.’”“ThiswasalsoaleapoffaithbecauseIreallycouldn’tcontinuetheworkIwasdoingbefore,”Chiangrecalls.“IhadneverdoneradiobeforebutIthought,’Letmegivethisatryandseehowitgoes.’”4.WhatistheintentionofCynthiaChiang’sjoke?A.Toillustrateherpursuit.B.Toproveherinnocence.C.Toshowherparents’achievements.D.Toreflectherattitudetoherparents.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disassemble”inparagraph2mean?A.Turndown. B.Putdown. C.Fallapart. D.Takeapart.6.WhydidCynthiaChiangdecidetopursueobservationalcosmology?A.Shewasinspiredbyalab.B.ShewantedtopursueherPhD.C.Shewantedtobuildradiotelescopes.D.Shehadalifelonginterestinastronomy.7.WhichwordscanbeusedtodescribeCynthiaChiang?A.Sensibleandreliable B.Industriousandconsiderate.C.Adventurousandresolved. D.Knowledgeableandtalented.【答案】4.A5.D6.A7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇人物傳記。文章主要介紹了國家地理探索者CynthiaChiang的背景、興趣、職業(yè)道路以及她在觀測宇宙學(xué)領(lǐng)域的研究工作?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段““Itwaswritteninsomesense,”thatNationalGeographicExplorerCynthiaChiangwouldendupinobservationalcosmology—thestudyoftheoriginanddevelopmentoftheuniverseusingspecializeddetectorsandtelescopes.“I’mnotgoingtolie,myfatherwasaphysicist.Mymotherwasanastronomer.Butnokidwantstobeliketheirparents,”shejokes,semiseriously(“從某種意義上說，這是命中注定的，”國家地理探索者CynthiaChiang最終會投身于觀測宇宙學(xué)——這是一門利用專業(yè)探測器和望遠(yuǎn)鏡研究宇宙起源和發(fā)展的學(xué)科?！拔业谜f實話，我父親是物理學(xué)家，我母親是天文學(xué)家。但沒有一個孩子想成為父母的翻版，”她半開玩笑地說。)”以及下文對她職業(yè)的介紹可知，作者提到CynthiaChiang的笑話是為了引出她自己的職業(yè)追求。故選A?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞下文“putthembacktogetherlikeachildengineer(再重新組裝起來，就像一個小工程師一樣)”可知，她把父親的研究設(shè)備拆開再組裝起來，劃線詞的意思為“拆開”之意。選項A“Turndown(拒絕、調(diào)低)”；選項B“Putdown(記下)”；選項C“Fallapart(崩潰)”；選項D“Takeapart(拆開)”。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Initially,ChiangplannedtodoherPhDinparticle(粒子的)physicsbutswitcheddirectionafteravisittoalabattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology.“Itwaspletechaos.Therearespecializedequipmentandtoolseverywhere.Ididn’tknowaboutobservationalcosmologyatthetimebutthought‘Whateverthisis,Iwanttodothat.’”(起初，Chiang計劃攻讀粒子物理學(xué)博士學(xué)位，但在參觀了加州理工學(xué)院的一個實驗室后，她改變了方向?！澳抢镆黄靵y。到處都是專業(yè)設(shè)備和工具。我當(dāng)時還不了解觀測宇宙學(xué)，但心想‘不管這是什么，我都想做。’”)”可知，CynthiaChiang原本計劃攻讀粒子物理學(xué)博士，但在參觀了加州理工學(xué)院的實驗室后，她改變了方向，決定從事她當(dāng)時并不了解的觀測宇宙學(xué)。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Forthelastfewyears,Chianghasbeenlookingforsignsoftheuniverse’searlyexistence——thebirthofthefirststarsmorethan13billionyearsago—andshe’sbuildingherownequipmenttodoit.(在過去的幾年里，Chiang一直在尋找宇宙早期存在的跡象——即130多億年前第一批恒星的誕生——為此，她正在自行研制設(shè)備。)”可知，Chiang是個有決心的人；而根據(jù)文章第四段“Initially,ChiangplannedtodoherPhDinparticle(粒子的)physicsbutswitcheddirectionafteravisittoalabattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology.“Itwaspletechaos.Therearespecializedequipmentandtoolseverywhere.Ididn’tknowaboutobservationalcosmologyatthetimebutthought‘Whateverthisis,Iwanttodothat.’”(起初，Chiang計劃攻讀粒子物理學(xué)博士學(xué)位，但在參觀了加州理工學(xué)院的一個實驗室后，她改變了方向?！澳抢镆黄靵y。到處都是專業(yè)設(shè)備和工具。我當(dāng)時還不了解觀測宇宙學(xué)，但心想‘不管這是什么，我都想做?！?”可知，Chiang有一定的冒險精神。故選C。CWhenayoungsawfly,abeelikeinsect,isthreatenedbyitsattackerslikeants,itemitsamixtureofunpleasantsmellstodefenditself.Theseemissionscanseriouslyannoyapotentialenemy.Scientistswantingtostudythesesmellypounds—tounderstandwhichaspectsofthemdiscourageattackersandwhy—facegreatchallenges.JeanLucBoevé,azoologistwhostudiesinsects,fromtheRoyalBelgianInstituteofNaturalSciences,isanamateurmusicianandposer.Hedecidedtotryadifferentway—thesoundapproach.“Tobehonest,IconsideredthisprojectsounpracticalmyselfthatIsetitaside,”hesaid.ItwasmonthsbeforeBoevéandhisparther,RudiGiot,finallymadearesolutiontogetstartedonit.Theychose16sawflyspecies’emissionstotranslateintosounds.First,theyfiguredoutwhichmolecules(分子)werepresentineachsmellypoundandinwhatamounts.Thentheyassignedvariouscharacteristicsofthosemoleculesmatchingpropertiesofsound.Forexample,smallermoleculeslikeakindofacidfoundinvinegar,asourtastingliquid,evaporate(揮發(fā))quickly,soBoevéandGiotassignedthemsoundswithhigherpitch(音高).Largermoleculesweregivenlowerpitchedsounds.Inall,thescientistscreatedindividualaudiodescriptionsfor20molecules.Thentheybinedthesoundsofeachmoleculepresentinasawfy’ssmelltoconstructtheinsect’ssoundtrack.Ifamoleculewasofhigherproportioninanemission,theyassigneditahighervolume.Insuchacase,thesmalleramoleculeis,thehigheritspitchwillbe;andthehighertheproportionofamoleculeis,thehigheritsvolumewillbe.Toexaminepeople’sreactionstothesoundtracks,theyplayedtheaudiodescriptionsthroughspeakerstoabout50studyparticipants.Thenthescientistsmeasuredhowfarpeoplebackeduptogettoa“fortableposition”awayfromthenoise.Mostofthestudyvolunteerstoldtheresearchersthatthehighpitch,aswellasthehighvolume,waswhatmadethemwithdraw.“Antsandvolunteersmovedawayfromachemicalanditsmatchingsoundtrackrespectively,”theresearcherswrote.Boevésaidhehopedtheprocesswouldgiveotherzoologistsanewwaytooffercluesaboutwhichmoleculesfightoffenemiesmost.8.WhatdidBoevédoaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Hespentseveralmonthsonmusictrainmg.B.Heputforwardanovelideawithhispartner.C.Heresolvedthegreatestchallengeintheresearch.D.Hedeterminedtobeginanewmethodafterhesitation.9Whatdoweknowabouttheprocessofthesoundtranslation?A.Largermoleculeswereassignedsoundswithhigherpitch.B.Thesmellypoundscanbetranslatedinto20soundtracks.C.Thelowervolumeindicatesthelowerproportionofamolecule.D.Thehigherproportionofmoleculeshastomatchlowerpitchedsounds.10.Whatisthefindingfromthetest?A.Thereareefficientwaystotransfersmellsintosoundtracks.B.Thesoundtracksaremorethanwhathumansarelikelytobear.C.Theantsdislikethesoundsasmuchashumanshatethesmells.D.Humans’reactionstothesoundsresembleants’responsestothesmells.11.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.FromSmellstoSoundtracksB.ANewPerspectiveonMroleculesC.AnInnovativeWayofStudyingAntsD.ResearchesonSawfly’sEffectonHumans【答案】8.D9.C10.D11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了科學(xué)家如何通過聲音方法來研究鋸鍬甲蟲釋放的難聞化合物，并探索這些化合物如何阻止攻擊者?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“JeanLucBoevé,azoologistwhostudiesinsects,fromtheRoyalBelgianInstituteofNaturalSciences,isanamateurmusicianandposer.Hedecidedtotryadifferentway——thesoundapproach.“Tobehonest,IconsideredthisprojectsounpracticalmyselfthatIsetitaside,”hesaid.ItwasmonthsbeforeBoevéandhisparther,RudiGiot,finallymadearesolutiontogetstartedonit.(來自比利時皇家自然科學(xué)研究所的昆蟲學(xué)家JeanLucBoevé是一位業(yè)余音樂家和作曲家。他決定嘗試一種不同的方法——聲音方法。“說實話，我自己都認(rèn)為這個項目太不切實際了，所以我把它擱置了一邊。”他說。過了幾個月，Boevé和他的搭檔RudiGiot才最終下定決心開始這項工作)”可知，Boevé在猶豫之后決定開始一種新的方法。故選D。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thentheybinedthesoundsofeachmoleculepresentinasawfy’ssmelltoconstructtheinsect’ssoundtrack.Ifamoleculewasofhigherproportioninanemission,theyassigneditahighervolume.Insuchacase,thesmalleramoleculeis,thehigheritspitchwillbe;andthehighertheproportionofamoleculeis,thehigheritsvolumewillbe.(然后，他們結(jié)合鋸鍬甲蟲氣味中每種分子的聲音，構(gòu)建了昆蟲的聲軌。如果一個分子在釋放物中的比例較高，他們就給它分配更大的音量。在這種情況下，分子越小，其音高就越高；分子比例越高，其音量就越高)”可知，如果一個分子在釋放物中的比例較高，就給它分配更大的音量，反之，較低的音量則表示分子的比例較低。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Mostofthestudyvolunteerstoldtheresearchersthatthehighpitch,aswellasthehighvolume,waswhatmadethemwithdraw.“Antsandvolunteersmovedawayfromachemicalanditsmatchingsoundtrackrespectively,”theresearcherswrote.(大多數(shù)研究志愿者告訴研究人員，高音高以及大音量是他們后退的原因?！拔浵伜椭驹刚叻謩e遠(yuǎn)離了一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)及其匹配的聲軌?！毖芯咳藛T寫道)”可知，人類和螞蟻對這些聲音的反應(yīng)與對氣味的反應(yīng)相似。故選D?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“JeanLucBoevé,azoologistwhostudiesinsects,fromtheRoyalBelgianInstituteofNaturalSciences,isanamateurmusicianandposer.Hedecidedtotryadifferentway——thesoundapproach.“Tobehonest,IconsideredthisprojectsounpracticalmyselfthatIsetitaside,”hesaid.ItwasmonthsbeforeBoevéandhisparther,RudiGiot,finallymadearesolutiontogetstartedonit.(來自比利時皇家自然科學(xué)研究所的昆蟲學(xué)家JeanLucBoevé是一位業(yè)余音樂家和作曲家。他決定嘗試一種不同的方法——聲音方法?！罢f實話，我自己都認(rèn)為這個項目太不切實際了，所以我把它擱置了一邊?！彼f。過了幾個月，Boevé和他的搭檔RudiGiot才最終下定決心開始這項工作)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要講述了科學(xué)家們將鋸鍬甲蟲釋放的難聞化合物轉(zhuǎn)換成聲軌，并研究螞蟻對這些聲音的反應(yīng)。選項A“FromSmellstoSoundtracks(從氣味到聲軌)”準(zhǔn)確地概括了文章的主要內(nèi)容，即介紹一種將氣味轉(zhuǎn)換成聲音進行研究的新方法。故選A。D“ShallIparetheetoasummer’sday?”SobeginsoneofthemostfamouspoemsinallofEnglishliterature.Itisalsooneofthemostfrequentlycitedinusagebooks.Shakespeare’s“SonnetXVIII”isofferedassupportfortheviewthat“pareto”meanstoexpressalikeness,whereas“parewith”isusedforcontrasts.Butthepictureisnotsimple.Shakespearegoesontosaythatthewomanheisaddressingis“morelovely”andthatshe,unlikeasummer’sday,willneverfade.Somementatorssay,then,thatthequestionismeanttobeansweredwitha“no”,becauseofthedifferenceshethenstresses.Inthatcase,though,whatfollowsisatextbookexampleofparingher“with”,not“to”,asummer’sday.MerriamWebster’sDictionaryofEnglishUsageexaminedmanyliteraryexamplesof“pare”followedby“with”and“to”.Itseditorsfoundthataftertheactiveform(pare)thedistinctioniskeptmoreoftenthannot.Afterthepastparticiple(pared)thevariationisineffectrandom.Goodusageexpertsgraspthatdrawingupneatrulescanbetough.Yetcarefulwritersknowthatsomedistinctionsaregenuinelyvital,andthatunderestimatingtheseinvitesconfusion.Itisclearenoughwhypeoplemixup“flout”(藐視)and“flaunt”(炫耀),includingsensiblewriterswhoareinahurry.Butifyoufloutthedistinction,warnsTheEconomist,youriskappearingtoflauntyourignorance.Relaxedobserverssometimesnotethatlanguagechanges,asthoughnothingcanbedoneaboutthat,and,sincetheprocessisnatural,nothingshouldbeattempted.Buttwodistinctwordscollapsmgintoonereallycanmakelanguageloseitssubtlety.Using“strategy”for“tactics”(戰(zhàn)術(shù))—oneishowyouwinawar,theotherhowyouwinabattle—shouldunsettlenotonlymilitaryexpertsbutalsoindividualsoutsidethemilitary.Somepeoplearegoodtacticiansandterriblestrategists.Whicharewhichcanbehardtotell.Butifyoucantakethetimetodistinguish“pareto”from“parewith”,understandingthoserulesworthfightingforissurelyworththeefforttoo.12.WhatdoesthequotefromShakespeare’spoemimply?A.ThevalueofShakespeare’spoemsinliterature.B.Thetransformationofusagebooks.C.Theplexityoflanguageusage.D.ThepopularityofShakespeare.13.Whatmighttheeditorsdiscoverabout“pareto”and“parewith”?A.Theycanbedifferentiatedbymostpeopleeasily.B.Theymaymeandifferentlyindifferentforms.C.Theyareusedwithequalfrequency.D.Theyarealwaysinterchangeable.14.WhatisTheEconomist’sopinionofthedistinctionbetween“flout”and“flaunt”?A.Itshouldbestressed. B.Itshouldbeignored.C.Itmakeswritingdifficult. D.Itmakesexpertsconfused.15.Whatisthemainpurposeofthistext?A.Topare“pareto”with“parewith”.B.ToemphasizeShakespeare’smasteryoflanguage.C.Topersuadereaderstofollowlanguagerulesstrictly.D.Tohighlighttheimportanceofdistinguishingwordusages.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了在語言使用中區(qū)分單詞用法的重要性，以免造成混淆。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段““ShallIparetheetoasummer’sday?”SobeginsoneofthemostfamouspoemsinallofEnglishliterature.Itisalsooneofthemostfrequentlycitedinusagebooks.Shakespeare’s“SonnetXVIII”isofferedassupportfortheviewthat“pareto”meanstoexpressalikeness,whereas“parewith”isusedforcontrasts.(“ShallIparetheetoasummer’sday?”這是英國文學(xué)中最著名的一首詩的開頭。它也是用法書中最常被引用的一個。莎士比亞的《十四行詩十八》支持“pareto”表示相似，而“parewith”用于對比的觀點)”以及第二段“Butthepictureisnotsimple.(但情況并不簡單)”可知，從莎士比亞的詩中引用的這句話表明語言使用的復(fù)雜性。故選C項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“MerriamWebster’sDictionaryofEnglishUsageexaminedmanyliteraryexamplesof“pare”followedby“with”and“to”.Itseditorsfoundthataftertheactiveform(pare)thedistinctioniskeptmoreoftenthannot.Afterthepastparticiple(pared)thevariationisineffectrandom.(《韋氏英語用法詞典》檢查了許多文學(xué)作品中“pare”后跟“with”和“to”的例子。它的編輯發(fā)現(xiàn)，在主動形式(比較)之后，這種區(qū)別往往被保留。在過去分詞（比較）之后，變化實際上是隨機的)”可知，關(guān)于“pareto”和“parewith”，編輯們可能會發(fā)現(xiàn)它們可能以不同的形式表示不同的意思。故選B項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Itisclearenoughwhypeoplemixup“flout”( 藐視)and“flaunt”(炫耀),includingsensiblewriterswhoareinahurry.Butifyoufloutthedistinction,warnsTheEconomist,youriskappearingtoflauntyourignorance.(很明顯，為什么人們會混淆“flout(藐視)”和“flaunt(炫耀)”，包括那些匆忙的明智作家。但《經(jīng)濟學(xué)人》警告說，如果你輕視這種區(qū)別，你就有可能被人認(rèn)為是在炫耀自己的無知)”可知，《經(jīng)濟學(xué)人》認(rèn)為“flout”和“flaunt”的區(qū)別應(yīng)該被強調(diào)。故選A項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whicharewhichcanbehardtotell.Butifyoucantakethetimetodistinguish“pareto”from“parewith”,understandingthoserulesworthfightingforissurelyworththeefforttoo.(哪個是哪個很難分辨。但如果你能花時間區(qū)分“pareto”和“parewith”，那么理解那些值得為之奮斗的規(guī)則當(dāng)然也值得付出努力)”可知，文章主要討論了在語言使用中區(qū)分單詞用法的重要性，以免造成混淆。所以短文的目的是強調(diào)區(qū)分單詞用法的重要性。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。TopTipsthatWillMakeYouaGreatHouseguest“Thebottomlineistotreattheirhomeasyouwouldwantyourstobetreated,”saysetiquette(禮儀)expertJanGoss.Arecentsurveyasked1,000Americanstosharethebestthingstheycandoasahouseguest.Thetopanswersincludedaskingifanyhelpisneededandhelpingtocleanthekitchen.___16___Andherearesomeothersuggestions.Askbeforeenteringaspace.Justbecausetheyaresharingtheirhomewithyoudoesn’tmeantheyaresharingtheirwholehomewithyou.Ifyouwanttogosomewhereotherthanthemainmonareasortheroomyouarestayingin,simplyask.___17___Preparechildreninadvance.“BeforeIstayanywhere,Ialwaysteachmychildren‘handstoself,’”saysGoss.“Ifyoujusttellthem‘Don’ttouchanything,’itstartsthingsoutonanegativeNote.”___18___Ifthevbreakordirtysomething,cleanitupimmediatelyanddowhateveryoucantomakeitright.___19___Thetripisgoingsowellthatyouwanttoextenditacoupleofdays?Thinklongandhardaboutthat.Extendingyourstayisanetiquettemistake.Evenpeoplewhoreallyenjoybeingtogethermaylongforthereturntonormal,andit’sbesttosticktoyouroriginalplans.Leaveathankyounote.“Ialwayscarrysomethankyoucardsinmypurse,andleaveoneonthebedordresserwhenIleave,”saysGoss.Ifshedoesn’thaveathankyoucardhandy,shemailsonetoherhostlater.“Itonlytakesafewminutes,anditendsyourstayonahighnote,”shesays.“It’salovelysurpriseforyourhost.___20___”A.Extendyourstay.B.Leaveasplanned.C.Everyonelovestobeappreciated.D.Childrenalwayslovethiswarning.E.Whodoesn’tlovealittleassistance?F.Oncethere,remembertokeepaneyeonyourlittleones.G.Alotofetiquetteboilsdowntorequestingpermissionfirst.【答案】16.E17.G18.F19.B20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了成為一個偉大的房客的建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thetopanswersincludedaskingifanyhelpisneededandhelpingtocleanthekitchen.”（排在前幾位的答案包括詢問是否需要幫助和幫助打掃廚房）以及下文“Andherearesomeothersuggestions.”（這里還有一些其他的建議。）可知，選項承接上下文說明要每個人都需要幫助。故E選項“誰不喜歡一點幫助呢?”切題。故選E項?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)標(biāo)題“Askbeforeenteringaspace.”（在進入一個空間之前要詢問。）根據(jù)上文“Ifyouwanttogosomewhereotherthanthemainmonareasortheroomyouarestayingin,simplyask.”（如果你想去其他地方，而不是主要的公共區(qū)域或你住的房間，簡單地問一問）可知，選項承接上文且呼應(yīng)小標(biāo)題。說明請求許可是禮節(jié)問題。故G選項“很多禮儀可以歸結(jié)為首先請求許可?！鼻蓄}。故選G項?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“BeforeIstayanywhere,Ialwaysteachmychildren‘handstoself,’”saysGoss.“Ifyoujusttellthem‘Don’ttouchanything,’itstartsthingsoutonanegativeNote.””（戈斯說:“在我去任何地方之前，我總是教我的孩子們自己動手?！薄叭绻阒皇歉嬖V他們‘不要碰任何東西’，事情就會以消極的方式開始。”）可知，上文說了出發(fā)之前要做的事情，所以選項承接上文說明到達目的地該做的事情。故F選項“到了那里，記得照看好你的孩子”切題。故選F項。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Evenpeoplewhoreallyenjoybeingtogethermaylongforthereturntonormal,andit’sbesttosticktoyouroriginalplans.”（即使是真正喜歡在一起的人也可能渴望回歸正常，最好還是堅持你原來的計劃。）可知，本段告訴讀者要按照原計劃離開，而不是久待。故B選項“按計劃離開”切題。為本段的標(biāo)題。故選B項。20題詳解】根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Leaveathankyounote.”（留下一封感謝信。）可知，選項呼應(yīng)標(biāo)題說明原因。故C選項“每個人都喜歡被感謝”切題。故選C項。第三部分語言運用(共三節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Therewasatimeinmylifewheneverythingwentterriblywrong.Ihadbeen___21___startingcollegethatfall,butsomeonehadclosedmyregistrationwithoutmy___22___.ThismeantIwouldhavetowaitanothersemesterbeforethepaperworkcouldbe___23___.Onthatsame___24___day,Ireturnedtomysmallapartmenttofindithadbeenpletely___25___.Oneneighborclaimedignoranceaboutmy___26___,statingthatamovingtruckstoppedoutsideandtwomentookeverything.Ipletely___27___,thoughlateritturnedouttobeamistake.Iwanderedtoanearbybookstore,___28___amomentofpeaceandquiet.Ikneltdownonthefloorinoneofthebooksectionsandbeganto___29___uncontrollably.Outofthecornerofmyeye,Isawa3yearoldgirl____30____mewithhermotherwatchingatadistance.Shestopped,touchedmyhairandthen____31____meforwhatseemedlikeaminute.“Don’tbesad,”shesaid.“Itwillbeallright.”Myheartand____32____returnedinthatinstant.Ithankedherandsaidtohermother,“You’ve____33____abeautifulgirl.”Thatlittlegirlwithabighearttrulysavedmeinmy____34____hour.Tothisday,20yearslater,Istillthinkofherwhenever____35____gettoughandrememberhersaying,“Itwillbeallright.”21.A.avoiding B.anticipating C.remembering D.remending22.A.introduction B.invitation C.guidance D.knowledge23.A.rewritten B.resubmitted C.reprinted D.reviewed24.A.disastrous B.meaningful C.dangerous D.powerful25.A.burntdown B.givenaway C.clearedout D.tidiedup26.A.absence B.loneliness C.tolerance D.awareness27A.refused B.withdrew C.collapsed D.forgot28.A.creating B.seeking C.imagining D.recording29.A.shake B.scream C.breathe D.weep30.A.approaching B.acpanying C.following D.recognizing31.A.cleaned B.trained C.troubled D.hugged32.A.honesty B.memory C.spirit D.wealth33.A.rescued B.raised C.tricked D.encountered34.A.shyest B.simplest C.darkest D.busiest35.A.services B.decisions C.relationships D.times【答案】21.B22.D23.B24.A25.C26.A27.C28.B29.D30.A31.D32.C33.B34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是在作者人生中最困難的時刻，一個小女孩的擁抱讓作者終生難忘?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我本來打算今年秋天開始上大學(xué)，但有人在我不知情的情況下關(guān)閉了我的注冊資格。A.avoiding避免；B.anticipating期待，打算；C.remembering記住；D.remending推薦。根據(jù)下文中的“ThismeantIwouldhavetowaitanothersemesterbeforethepaperworkcouldbe___3___.”可知，這就意味著作者必須再等一個學(xué)期，由此可推斷，此處指的是作者“打算”今年秋天開始上大學(xué)。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我本來打算今年秋天開始上大學(xué)，但有人在我不知情的情況下關(guān)閉了我的注冊。A.introduction介紹；B.invitation邀請；C.guidance指導(dǎo)；D.knowledge了解，知道。根據(jù)上文的“Ihadbeen___1___startingcollegethatfall,butsomeonehadclosedmyregistration”可知，作者打算秋天去上大學(xué)，但有人關(guān)閉了作者的注冊，由此可推斷，這是在作者不知情的情況下關(guān)閉的，所以此處使用“知道，了解”符合語境。故選D項。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這意味著我必須再等一個學(xué)期才能重新提交