安徽省江淮十校高三下學期三模聯(lián)考英語試題

絕密★啟用前江淮十校2024屆高三第三次聯(lián)考英語本試卷共8頁，67題。全卷滿分150分?？荚囉脮r120分鐘?！镒？荚図樌镒⒁馐马棧?.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準考證號、考場號、座位號填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將準考證號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3.非選擇題的作答：用黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4.考試結(jié)束后，請將本試卷和答題卡一并上交。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inacafé. B.Inahotel. C.Atashop.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Goodmorning.ThisisRoom1123.I’dlikesomegrapefruitjuice,twosausages,andapotofblackcoffee,please.W:Ok.I’llgetthemsenttoyourroominjustafewminutes.Mr.Jones.Thankyouforcalling.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomandislikeaboutthecupboard?A.Itsdesign. B.Itscolor. C.Itssize.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:DoyourememberHannah’scupboard?W:Yeh.Ilikethedesign,modemandsimplebutIpreferawhiteone.M:Imean.Haven’tyounoticedthatitfitsourkitchenaswell?3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Takeapicture. B.Buysomecheese. C.Repairacamera.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:DoIhavetofocusit?M:No.thisisafocusfreecamera.Allyouhavetodoispointandpressthebutton.W:Allright.Say“Cheese.”4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Adream. B.Teachingmanagement. C.Challengesinthejob.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Ireallywanttoquit.M:Isn’tteachingyourdream?W:ButIhavedifficultywithclassroommanagement.Besides,keepingthosekidsengagedisnotaneasytask.M:Everyjobneedstimeandeffort.Justbepatient.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Closefriends. B.Husbandandwife. C.Employerandemployee.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Linda.Guesswhat?I'vehadonlytwojobinterviewsandbothpaniesshouldhavegivenmcjoboffers.W:Congratulations,mydearclassmate.Yourhardworkpaidoffeventually.M:Ihadn'texpecteditwouldbesuchsmoothsailing.W:Youdeserveit.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatdoesthemanwanttobuy?A.Adesktop. B.Alaptop. C.Atablet.7.HowmuchcouldthemansaveifhebuysitbeforeDec.31st?A.$281. B.$298. C.$699.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme.MayIseethatdevicebesidethetabletforamoment?W:Sure.Thisone?M:No,no.thatoneontheleft.Yes,thankyou.W:It’sastateoftheartpieceofequipment,sir.With80GBharddrive,dualbatterycapability,andeightUSBports,ithasallthepowerofadesktopputerpackedintoaslimnotebook!M:That’simpressive!What’sthesaleprice?W:TheregularpriceisS2980.00,butuntilDecemberthe31stit’sonsaleforjustS2,699.00.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.WhydoesDanialAdamsmakethecall?A.Tocancelaflight. B.Tobookanairticket. C.Toconfirmareservation.9.WhatisDanial’sflightlike?A.It’snotadirectone. B.Itchangestheflightnumber. C.Itdelaysitsdeparturetime.【答案】8.C9.A【解析】【原文】W:NorthwindAirlines.CanIhelpyou?M:Hello.I’dliketoconfirmmyflight,please.MynameisDanielAdamsandmynightnumberis374.I'mleavingonMay11,fromMoscowloNewYork.W:Holdtheline.please.Allright.Yourseatisconfirmed,Mr.Adams.Letmeremindyou:You’llhavetochangeplanesatLondon.M:Thankyou,CanIpickupmyticketwhenIcheckin?W:Yes,butpleasecheckinatleastonehourbeforedeparturetime.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】10.WhatdidthespeakersplantodothisFriday?A.Attendaconcert. B.Watchaplay. C.Practicetheviolin.11WhydidNancymissherdancegroup?A.Tomeethernephew. B.Topracticewithherband. C.Toperformatabirthdayparty.12.HowisNancyfeelingnow?A.Overjoyed. B.Confused. C.Annoyed.【答案】10.B11.C12.C【解析】【原文】M:Nancy!Doyouhavetheticketsfortheplay?W:No,Idon't.I'mgoingtobuythemthisafternoon,M:Ohgood,good.Listen.don'tbuyticketsforthisFriday.W:Whynot?What'sup?M:Ican'gotothetheateronFriday.Something'seup.IhaveaconcertthisFriday.W:Anotherconcert?Johnson.Youdidhistwoweeksago,remember?1hadcinematicketsforthenewmovieandyouchangedtheplansthentoo.Forbandpractice.M:Iknow,and1...;W:Wealsomissedmyfavoritedancegroupbecauseyoutoldmetoplaytheviolininyourbandalsomechild'sbirthdayparty.M:Itwasmynephew'sbirthday.W:Whocares?Justslopmakingupexcuses,willyou?聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】13.Whatdoesthewomando?A.ATVpresenter. B.Abestsellingauthor. C.Abookmanager.14.WhatisNomoreninetofivemainlyabout?A.Worklifebalance. B.Changesofworktypes. C.Digitalinfluencesonpeople’slife.15.Whatisafeatureoftoday’sworkplaces?A.Fadedworkandlifedivision.B.Morefreedomofcareerchoices.C.Increasingflexibilityinjobhunting.16.WhatattitudedoesChrishavetothenewmobility?A.Favorable. B.Doubtful. C.Objective.【答案】13.A14.A15.A16.C【解析】【原文】W:Goodmorning.Ontoday’sshow,we’vegotChrisStevensonwithus.Theauthorofthenewbestsellingbook,nomore9to5.SoChristellusaboutyourbook.M:Well,inthisbook.Imainlyexplorehowtheconceptofaworklifebalancehasbeenchanging.W:So,how?M:Well,inthepast,people’sworkinglivesandtheirprivateliveswereclearlydivided.Theycouldclearlyseparatetheirworkinglivesandtheirprivatelives.W:Howarethingsdifferentnow?M:Mostpeoplecannowaccesstheirworkemailsfromtheirmobilephones.Thesamegoesforlaptops.Soyoucandealwithyourworkintheeveningsfromhomeorevenfromyourhotelwhenyou’reonholiday.W:Thatdoesn’tsoundlikemuchofaworklifebalance.Itsoundslikeallwork.M:Exactly,buthisnewmobilitybringsalotofadvantageswithit.Morepeoplearenowabletoworkflexibly.W:So,whatyou’resayingisthatalthoughtraditionaldivisionsbetweenworkandlifearefading,manyemployeesnowhavemorefreedomtodothcirworkfromdifferentlocationsandatdifferenttimes.M:Yes,that’sit.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whowillbereplacedinthemanagementteam?A.JamesWaston. B.BarbaraJones. C.TomThompson.18.Wherecananemployeeparkifhearrivesat8:00a.m.?A.Thestaffcarpark. B.TheBrownStreetcarpark. C.Thechurchcarpark.19.Whatdoweknowaboutthelocalchurchcarpark?A.It’sinaccessibleafter8:30a.m.B.Itwillbeclosedinafewweeks.C.It’swithineasyreachofthepany.20.Whatisthethirdpieceofnewsabout?A.Salaryadjustments. B.Anewpaymentsystem. C.TherenewalofpanyIDcard.【答案】17.A18.B19.C20.B【解析】【原文】Hi,everyone.IhavesomeimportantInformationaboutachangeinthemanagementteam.Asyoualreadyknow,ourheadofdepartment,JamesWatsonisleavinghispositionattheendofthisweek.HisreplacementisstartingattheendofthenextmonthbyBarbaraJones.Forthetimebeing,alltheprojectswillbeinthechargeofTomThompson.Ihavetwomorequickpoints.Firstly,therewillbesomeimprovementsmadetothestaffcarparknextmonth.Itwillbeclosedduringthattime.Don'tworry.Wefoundasolution.Wecanusethelocalchurchcarparkuntilourownoneisready.Ifyouarrivebefore8:30ampleaseuseoursmallcarparkonbrownstreet.Andifyouarriveafterthat,youshouldgodirectlytothechurchcarpark.It'sonlya5minutewalkawayfromourpany.TheotherthingIwantedtotellyouaboutisthatthecanteenhasnowintroducedacashlesspaymentsystem.Youcan'tusecashforpaymentsanymore.YoucanusepaydirectlywithyoursmartphoneoryoucanpayusingyourpanyIDcard,thetotalamountputonyourpany.IDcardesoffofyoursalaryattheendofeachmonth.OK.Arethereanyquestions?第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AIntheheartoftheCyclades,Mykonoshaslongbeenanattractionforvisitors.Thebeachesontheisland’ssouthwestcoastareamongtheMediterranean’sbestwildpartyscenes,butheadeastandtravelerswillfindsomethingquitedifferent.Here,thecrowdsslowlyfadeaway,revealingwhatoriginallymadetheislandfamous:itsbeautywithrockycoastlineandsandybays.FokosBayParkyourvehicleinthedirtlotandclimboverthelowdunes(沙丘)tofindperfectlittleFokosBay,wheredeep,shelteredwatersofferdelightfulswimmingforallages.Onceyou’veworkedupabitofanappetite,headonovertothefamousGreekcafeoverlookingthesandforalazyseafoodlunch.MersiniBeachHeadwestaroundtheheadlandtothenextbeachalong—theMersiniBeach,whichisusuallytheleastcrowdedonMykonos.Bringyourownsunmatandevenanumbrellaasthisbeachispletelywildandraw.AgrariBeachIfgettingyourownwheelsisn’tanoption,Agrariisonlya15minutewalkeastofthemorefamousEliaBeachandonthesouthcoastbeachferry(渡輪)route.It’soneoftheclosestuncrowdedbeachestoHora,Mykonos’maintown,andhometoarestaurantthatprovidessunbedsanddrinksandsnacks.KalafatiBeachInthefarsoutheast,aboutsevenmilesfromMykonostown,theKalafatiBeachisbelovedforitssteadywindsthatblowthesailsofwindsurfersandkitesurfers.RentboardsandgetlessonsrightatthebeachatWindsurfingMykonos.21.WhatcanbedoneinFokosBay?A.Getsurfinglessons. B.Takecarridesondirttracks.C.Rentsunmatsandumbrellas. D.Samplethedelightsofseafood.22.WhatfeaturedoesMersiniBeachhave?A.It’sservicefree. B.It’sheavilypopulated.CIt’sonacoastbeachferryroute. D.It’swithineasyreachofHora.23.Whichbeachisperfectforwindsports?A.FokosBay. B.MersiniBeach.C.AgrariBeach. D.KalafatiBeach.【答案】21.D22.A23.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了Mykonos島的幾個海灘，并描述了每個海灘的特點和氛圍。【21題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FokosBay部分的“Onceyou’veworkedupabitofanappetite,headonovertothefamousGreekcafeoverlookingthesandforalazyseafoodlunch.(一旦你有了一點食欲，就去著名的希臘咖啡館，俯瞰沙灘，享受一頓慵懶的海鮮午餐。)”可知，在FokosBay，如果你感覺餓了，可以享受一頓慵懶的海鮮午餐，由此可知，在FokosBay，你可以品嘗海鮮的美味。故選D項。【22題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MersiniBeach部分中的“Headwestaroundtheheadlandtothenextbeachalong—theMersiniBeach,whichisusuallytheleastcrowdedonMykonos.Bringyourownsunmatandevenanumbrellaasthisbeachispletelywildandraw.(向西繞過海岬來到下一個海灘——Mersini海灘，這通常是米科諾斯島上最不擁擠的海灘。帶上你自己的太陽墊，甚至一把傘，因為這個海灘完全是荒野和原始的。)”可知，Mersini海灘是最不擁擠的海灘，這個海灘完全是荒野和原始的，由此可知，該海灘的特殊之處是它是免費的。故選A項。【23題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)KalafatiBeach部分中的“Inthefarsoutheast,aboutsevenmilesfromMykonostown,theKalafatiBeachisbelovedforitssteadywindsthatblowthesailsofwindsurfersandkitesurfers.(在遙遠的東南部，距離米科諾斯鎮(zhèn)約7英里，Kalafati海灘因其穩(wěn)定的風而受到喜愛，這些風吹動著帆板和風箏沖浪者的帆。)”可知，Kalafati海灘因其穩(wěn)定的風而受到喜愛，這些風吹著帆船和沖浪者的帆，由此可知，Kalafati海灘最適合風帆運動。故選D項。BCollegeprofessorsthesedaysfaceaneverhigherbartogettheattentionoftheirstudents,forcedtopetewithsmartphonesandlaptopsinlargelecturehalls.Butwhenyourprofessorisasocialmediastar,it’salittlebiteasier.TatianaErukhimova,whoteachesphysicsatTexasA&MUniversity,hasmanagedtogetherstudents,aswellasfuturegenerations,excitedaboutthescience.Knownas“Dr.Tatiana”toherstudentsandonlinefanbase,theprofessorperformsphysicstrickswithboundlessenergyandenthusiasm.Inthekidfriendlyvideos,Erukhimovausesarangeofeverydayobjectsinherexperiments,frompingpongballsandtoiletpaper.Herdepartment’sYouTubepagehasabout2.5millionfollowers.ShegotfamousonYouTube.It’sclearsheknowswhatittakestogetyoungpeopleexcitedaboutahardscience.Butitwasn’talwaysthatway.Whenshefirststartedteachingcollegefreshmanclassesalmosttwodecadesago,shestruggledtograbtheattentionofheryoungerstudents.Shewasusedtoteachingjuniors,asshehadforafewyearspriortothat.Byjunioryear,studentsenrolledinphysicsaremittedtolearn,shesays.Withthem,shecouldwalkthroughthesyllabus(教學大綱)ondayone,andstillmandtheroom.Butwhenitestoteachingalargelecturehallof100plusfirstyearstudents,firstimpressionsaremakeorbreak.Bythesecondsemester,shefoundherfooting,adjustingherapproachtogetherstudentsengaged.“Talktoyourstudentsbeforeandafterclass,walkupanddownthestairswhenyouteachyourclassratherthanstayonthestage.Anddon’tjustlecture,talktothem—makeitinteractive.”Shesays.And,ofcourse,addshowydemonstrationstohelpstudentstoconnecttheseabstractconceptswithreallife.She’searnedmorethanjustrecognitiononsocialmedia.InOctober,shewashonoredwithanationalawardforscienceoutreach“forleadershipinbringingtheexcitementofphysicsthroughinnovativeeducationprograms.”24.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhefirstparagraph?A.Tointroducethetopic. B.Topresentachallenge.C.Toanalyze. D.Toprovidesomebackgrounds.25.WhatchallengedocollegefreshmancoursesposetoTatiana?A.Introducingthesyllabustoherstudents.B.Preventingherstudents’absentmindedness.C.Creatingalastingimpressiononherstudents.D.Findingalecturehalllargeenoughforherstudents.26.HowdidTatianafindherfootinginherteaching?A.Bylecturingstudentsmore. B.Bybondingwithherfreshmen.C.Bybeingasocialmediumstar. D.Byansweringallherstudents’questions.27.WhichbestdescribesTatianaErukhimova?ARigid. B.Humorous. C.Demanding. D.Flexible.【答案】24.A25.B26.B27.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇新聞報道。文章以塔蒂亞娜·埃魯希莫娃教授為例，講述了網(wǎng)紅教授更受學生青睞這一現(xiàn)象。【24題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Collegeprofessorsthesedaysfaceaneverhigherbartogettheattentionoftheirstudents,forcedtopetewithsmartphonesandlaptopsinlargelecturehalls.Butwhenyourprofessorisasocialmediastar,it’salittlebiteasier.(如今，大學教授在吸引學生注意力方面面臨著越來越高的門檻，他們被迫在大型演講廳與智能和筆記本電腦競爭。但當你的教授是社交媒體明星時，這就容易一點了。)”可知，作者首先提出了大學教授在吸引學生注意力方面面臨的挑戰(zhàn)，然后引出了當教授成為社交媒體明星時，情況會有所不同的主題。由此可推斷，作者在第一段的目的是引入話題。故選A?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Butitwasn’talwaysthatway.Whenshefirststartedteachingcollegefreshmanclassesalmosttwodecadesago,shestruggledtograbtheattentionofheryoungerstudents.(但事實并非總是如此。大約20年前，當她第一次開始教授大學新生時，她很難吸引年輕學生的注意力。)”可知，對Tatiana來說，給大學一年級新生上課的挑戰(zhàn)在于抓住他們注意力，防止學生心不在焉。故選B。【26題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的““Talktoyourstudentsbeforeandafterclass,walkupanddownthestairswhenyouteachyourclassratherthanstayonthestage.Anddon’tjustlecture,talktothem—makeitinteractive.”Shesays.And,ofcourse,addshowydemonstrationstohelpstudentstoconnecttheseabstractconceptswithreallife.(她說：“課前和課后與學生交談，上課時上下樓梯，而不是呆在舞臺上。不要只是講課，要與他們交談——要使其互動?！碑斎?，還可以添加炫耀性的演示，幫助學生將這些抽象概念與現(xiàn)實生活聯(lián)系起來。)”可知，Tatiana調(diào)整她的教學方法來吸引學生的參與，這些策略表明她通過與新生建立聯(lián)系（即加強互動和溝通）找到了教學的立足點。故選B?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文描述，以及第一段的“Collegeprofessorsthesedaysfaceaneverhigherbartogettheattentionoftheirstudents,forcedtopetewithsmartphonesandlaptopsinlargelecturehalls.Butwhenyourprofessorisasocialmediastar,it’salittlebiteasier.(如今，大學教授在吸引學生注意力方面面臨著越來越高的門檻，他們被迫在大型演講廳與智能和筆記本電腦競爭。但當你的教授是社交媒體明星時，這就容易一點了。)”可知，TatianaErukhimova能夠靈活調(diào)整教學策略，利用社交媒體和互動演示使物理課程生動有趣，由此可推知，她是非常靈活的。故選D。Ceupwithsomethingatleast10characterslong.Includenumbers,atleastonesymbol,and—justtobesafe.Oh,andmakeitsomethingyou’llremember,ofcourse.Yes,passwordsaremaddening,buttheirdaysarenumbered:Passkeysareheretomakepasswordsobsolete.Withpasskeysyoudon’thavetoremember—ormakeup—anything.Whenyouregistertouseasiteorapp,yourdevicegeneratestwomathematicallylinkedkeys:apublickeyandaprivatekey.Thepublickeystaysontheserversoftheapporwebsiteyou’resigninginto.Theprivatekey,alongstringofcharacters,isstoredonlyonyourdevice.Whenyousignin,theserver,liketheguardatthegate,presentsachallengetoyourdevice.Yourdevicerespondsbyusingtheprivatekeyasyourpersonalsignatureorauthorization.YouthenuseyourPIN(PersonalIdentificationNumber),fingerprint,facialrecognition,orsimilarmeanstounlockyourdevicetoapprovethesignature,andtheserverthenmatchyoursignaturewithyourcorrespondingpublickey.Yourprivatepasskeyissafebecausethere’snowaytogetaprivatekeyfromapublickey.Becausepasskeysaregeneratedforaspecificsiteorapp,theywon’tworkonphishingsites(thosethatlookjustlikeyourbank’swebsite,forexample,andstealyourpasswordwhenyoutrytosignin).Passkeysarealsoimmunetosocialengineeringattacks,becauseyoudon’tknowthepasskey;onlyyourdevicedoes.Eventhoughpasskeysare“asfoolproofasolutionashaseverexisted,”JonathanS.Weissman,acybersecurityexpertintheRochesterInstituteofTechnology,saysmanypeoplewillstickwithwhatthey’refortablewith.AndrewShikiar,directoroftheFIDOAlliance(線上快速身份驗證聯(lián)盟),agreesthatpeopleresistchange,butbelievesthatconsumerseventuallyadapttonewtechnologies.“We’lletoapointwherewelookbackonpasswordslikewedothedialphone,”hepredicts.28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“obsolete”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Outoftrouble. B.Outofreach. C.Outofhand. D.Outofdate.29.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlytalkingaboutconcerningpasskeys?A.Itsposition. B.Itsmechanics. C.Itscharacteristics. D.Itsapplication.30.Whatcanbeinferredaboutpasskeysfromparagraphs3and4?AThey’rephishingresistant. B.They’restoredbyspecificapps.C.Theybecameanimmediatesuccess. D.They’llchangeautomaticallyforsafety.31.WhatattitudedoesShikiarhavetowardtheprospectofpasskeys?A.Doubtful. B.Cautious. C.Optimistic. D.Dismissive.【答案】28.D29.B30.A31.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了密碼的替代技術(shù)——通行密鑰的工作原理、安全特性和未來展望，說明了其如何提高在線安全并有望淘汰傳統(tǒng)密碼?！?8題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段的“Yes,passwordsaremaddening,buttheirdaysarenumbered(是的，密碼讓人抓狂，但它們的日子不多了)”可知，密碼令人煩惱，但它們的時代即將結(jié)束，所以密鑰(Passkeys)是為了替代密碼，讓密碼過時。劃線單詞的意思為“過時的”。故選D?！?9題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段的“Withpasskeysyoudon’thavetoremember—ormakeup—anything.Whenyouregistertouseasiteorapp,yourdevicegeneratestwomathematicallylinkedkeys:apublickeyandaprivatekey.(有了密鑰，你就不必記住或編造任何東西。當你注冊使用網(wǎng)站或應(yīng)用程序時，你的設(shè)備會生成兩個數(shù)學鏈接的密鑰：公鑰和私鑰)”以及第二段全段的內(nèi)容可知，第二段詳細介紹了通行密鑰的生成過程，包括公鑰和私鑰的產(chǎn)生及其如何在登錄過程中起作用，屬于對通行密鑰運作機制的描述。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Becausepasskeysaregeneratedforaspecificsiteorapp,theywon’tworkonphishingsites(thosethatlookjustlikeyourbank’swebsite,forexample,andstealyourpasswordwhenyoutrytosignin.)(因為密鑰是為特定網(wǎng)站或應(yīng)用程序生成的，所以它們在網(wǎng)絡(luò)釣魚網(wǎng)站上不起作用（例如，那些看起來像你銀行網(wǎng)站的網(wǎng)站，當你試圖登錄時會竊取你的密碼）)”以及第四段“Eventhoughpasskeysare“asfoolproofasolutionashaseverexisted,”JonathanS.Weissman,acybersecurityexpertintheRochesterInstituteofTechnology,saysmanypeoplewillstickwithwhatthey’refortablewith.(羅切斯特理工學院的網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全專家喬納森·S·韋斯曼表示，盡管密鑰是“前所未有的萬無一失的解決方案”，但許多人會堅持他們感到滿意的東西)”可知，通行密鑰針對特定網(wǎng)站或應(yīng)用生成，不會在釣魚網(wǎng)站上生效，顯示了其抵抗釣魚攻擊的能力。由此推知，密鑰具有防釣魚功能。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“AndrewShikiar,directoroftheFIDOAlliance(線上快速身份驗證聯(lián)盟),agreesthatpeopleresistchange,butbelievesthatconsumerseventuallyadapttonewtechnologies.“We’lletoapointwherewelookbackonpasswordslikewedothedialphone,”hepredicts.(FIDO聯(lián)盟主任AndrewShikiar同意人們抵制變革，但認為消費者最終會適應(yīng)新技術(shù)。他預(yù)測：“我們會像查看撥號一樣回顧密碼。”)”可知，Shikiar對于通行密鑰的前景持樂觀態(tài)度。故選C。DScientistErikaNesvoldonceaskedapanyaimingtominethemoonhowheplannedtoaddressrisksthatminingequipmentmightcarrymicrobesfromEarthandpollutethemoon.Theresponse:“We’llworryaboutthatlater.”“Spacesettlementadvocatesoftenadvertisespaceasawonderlandwherewecanbuildidealsocietiesfreefromthecrowdedterritoryandbloodiedhistoryofourearth,”Nesvoldarguesinhernewbook,OffEarth.“Butadoptinga‘worryaboutitlater’attitude…strikesmeasapathtorepeatingthetragediesofthathistorythroughignorance.”O(jiān)ffEarthisbasedonMakingNewWorlds,her2017podcast(播客)whichaskedethical(倫理的)questionsaboutspacesettlement.Thebooktakessomeofthesamequestionsandexpandsonthem.Eachchaptertitleisaquestion:“Whyarewegoing?”“Who’sincharge?”“WhatifIgetsick?”Mostchaptersstartwiththreevignettes(片段),usuallyfromdifferenttimeperiods.Achapteroutliningdebatesoverwhethertosettlespaceatallstartsbyaskingthereadertoimaginebeinginthe1600sanddecidingtouprootyourfamilyandheadtotheNewWorld.AchapteronhowlandusageandownershiprightsmightworkinspaceimaginesapersonrecentlyfreedfromslaveryintheU.S.Southin1865andworryingthatthenewpresidentwilltakebackthelandtheyfinallyown.Thethirdvignetteisusuallysetintheyear2100,onaspacesettlement.ThenNesvoldexamineshowvariousethicalsituationsrelatedtothechapter’sthememightplayoutinspace.Shequotesexpertsinfieldsthatdon’tofteneupinspacescience:ethics,philosophy,lawetc.Thisapproachisadeparturefrommanybooksaboutthefutureoflifeonthefinalfrontier,forcingreaderstofacehardrealitiesandpossiblepointsofconflicts.Brilliantandinspiring,OffEarthwillnotonlychallengeyourassumptionsaboutfutureworlds,butwillchangeyourunderstandingofthevaluesanddesiresthatshapetheworldtoday.32.WhatdoesNesvoldthinkofthe“worryaboutitlater”attitude?A.Itleadstopotentialdisasters. B.It’saresponsiblemindset.C.It’sdeeplyrootedinourhistory. D.Ithelpsbuildidealsocietiesinspace.33.WhatcanbeknownaboutthebookOffEarth?A.It’scategorizedasanethicalnovel. B.Itfeaturesquotesfromspaceexperts.C.It’sanextensionofher2017podcast. D.Itbeginseachchapterwithaquestion.34.WhatdoesNesvolddotoclarifyheropinioninOffEarth?A.Shedrawsonlessonsfromherownlife. B.Sheintegratesinsightsacrossthesciences.C.Shecitescurrentsituationsfordebate. D.Sheoutlineseachchapterwiththreevignettes.35.Whatisabesttitleforthetext?A.AuthorofOffEarthOpposesSpaceSettlement.B.AmercialSuccessofaNewReleaseOffEarth.C.OffEarthAsksHowtoBuildaBetterFutureinSpace.D.TransformationfromMakingNewWorldsintoOffEarth.【答案】32.A33.C34.B35.C【解析】【導語】本篇文章屬于應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了OffEarth的一些具體情況。【32題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句話““Butadoptinga‘worryaboutitlater’attitude…strikesmeasapathtorepeatingthetragediesofthathistorythroughignorance.”(“但采取‘以后再擔心’的態(tài)度……給我的印象是一條通過無知來重復(fù)這段歷史悲劇的道路?！?”可知，Nesvold認為這種態(tài)度會導致歷史悲劇的重演，導致潛在的災(zāi)難。故選A。【33題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的前兩句“OffEarthisbasedonMakingNewWorlds,her2017podcast(播客)whichaskedethical(倫理的)questionsaboutspacesettlement.Thebooktakessomeofthesamequestionsandexpandsonthem.(OffEarth是基于她2017年的播客的《創(chuàng)造新世界》，該播客提出了關(guān)于太空定居的倫理問題。這本書提出了一些同樣的問題，并對其進行了擴展。)”可知，OffEarth提出了一些與她2017的博客相同的問題，并對問題進行了延伸，可以推斷出OffEarth是她2017年播客的延伸。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第二句“Shequotesexpertsinfieldsthatdon’tofteneupinspacescience:ethics,philosophy,lawetc.(她引用了空間科學領(lǐng)域不常出現(xiàn)的領(lǐng)域的專家：倫理學、哲學、法律等)”可知，她引用了不同領(lǐng)域的專家的研究，故她整合了多個科學領(lǐng)域的洞察力。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知，這篇文章主要介紹書籍OffEarth的具體情況，根據(jù)第三段的最后一句“OffEarthisbasedonMakingNewWorlds,her2017podcast(播客)whichaskedethical(倫理的)questionsaboutspacesettlement.Thebooktakessomeofthesamequestionsandexpandsonthem.Eachchaptertitleisaquestion:“Whyarewegoing?”“Who’sincharge?”“WhatifIgetsick?”(《OffEarth》是基于她2017年的播客《MakingNewWorlds》，該播客提出了有關(guān)太空定居的倫理問題。這本書提出了一些相同的問題，并對它們進行了擴展。每一章的標題都是一個問題:“我們?yōu)槭裁匆?”“誰負責?”“如果我生病了怎么辦?””)”最后一段“Brilliantandinspiring,OffEarthwillnotonlychallengeyourassumptionsaboutfutureworlds,butwillchangeyourunderstandingofthevaluesanddesiresthatshapetheworldtoday.”（《OffEarth》不僅會挑戰(zhàn)你對未來世界的假設(shè)，而且會改變你對塑造今天世界的價值觀和愿望的理解。）可知，本書主要關(guān)注的就是如何在太空中建立一個更美好的未來，故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Intoday’sworldofdigitaldistractions(分心物),thethoughtoftakingyourkidstoanartgallerymightseemathanklessandimpossiblechallenge.Surelyachildwon’thavethepatiencetostareatsomethingforlong.____36____.Beingexposedtoart,however,holdsprofoundsignificanceforthedevelopmentofyoungminds,bothintellectuallyandemotionally.____37____.Eachpainting,sculpture,orphotographinartgalleriestellsastory,invitingyoungviewerstointerpretandconnectwithitonapersonallevel.Butwithmanykidsbeingextremelypickyeaters,andgalleriesseemingasappetizingasyesterday’sporridge,howcanwegetthemtotuck(狂吃)in?____38____.Ifirmlybelieveartgalleriescanbegreatfunifwesetoutwiththeintentionofmakingthemso.First,whynotletyourchildrenenjoyartontheirownterms?Whosaidthatwalkingaroundagalleryhadtobeslow,stoppingtolookateverypicture?____39____.Iftheywanttoheadstraightforacertaindisplay,letthem.Ifsomethingcatchestheireyeontheothersideoftheroom,that’sabsolutelyfine.____40____.Whatreallymattersinagalleryisthatchildrenbuildaconnectionwithart,forwhateverreason.Toencouragethis,youcanmakeitintoagame,eitherwithorwithoutareward,withsimplequestionslike,“Whocanguesstheartist?”Ididthismanytimeswithmychildrenandalwaysfoundittoenhancetheirinterest.A.LetthemdeterminethepaceB.MaketheartgalleryfitinwithyourkidsC.TurningartintoagameisanothertrickD.TheansweristoapproachthemwithfresheyesE.ItisacryingshamethattheyareleastvisitedattractionsF.ItallowschildrenopportunitiestoengageindiverseperspectivesandculturesG.It’sunderstandabletothinkofartgalleriesasanythingbutchildfriendlyplaces【答案】36.G37.F38.D39.A40.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了帶孩子參觀美術(shù)館的好處，有助于智力和情感發(fā)展，通過讓孩子自主探索和將藝術(shù)變成游戲，可以增強他們對藝術(shù)的興趣。【36題詳解】上文“Intoday’sworldofdigitaldistractions(分心物),thethoughtoftakingyourkidstoanartgallerymightseemathanklessandimpossiblechallenge.”（在當今這個充斥著各種數(shù)字分心物的世界里，帶孩子去美術(shù)館看畫似乎是一個既費力又不可能完成的挑戰(zhàn)。）說明帶孩子去美術(shù)館看畫似乎是不可能完成的挑戰(zhàn)。G項中的“anythingbutchildfriendlyplaces”與上文“impossiblechallenge”相呼應(yīng)，G項“把美術(shù)館想象成一個不適合兒童的地方是可以理解的”符合題意。故選G項。【37題詳解】上文“Beingexposedtoart,however,holdsprofoundsignificanceforthedevelopmentofyoungminds,bothintellectuallyandemotionally.”（然而，接觸藝術(shù)對青少年的智力和情感發(fā)展都有著深遠的意義。）表明接觸藝術(shù)對孩子有好處。F項中的“engageindiverseperspectivesandcultures”與上文“profoundsignificance”相呼應(yīng)，是好處的具體表現(xiàn)形式，且代詞it指代上文中的“Beingexposedtoart”，F(xiàn)項“它使兒童有機會參與不同的觀點和文化”符合語境。故選F項。【38題詳解】上文“Butwithmanykidsbeingextremelypickyeaters,andgalleriesseemingasappetizingasyesterday’sporridge,howcanwegetthemtotuck(狂吃)in?”（但是，很多孩子都非常挑食，而長廊看起來就像昨天的粥一樣沒有