安徽省池州市貴池區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期中教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題

貴池區(qū)2023～2024學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期期中教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)高一英語(yǔ)試題（滿分：150分時(shí)間：120分鐘）注意事項(xiàng)：1．答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)碼填寫(xiě)清楚，將條形碼準(zhǔn)確粘貼在條形碼區(qū)域內(nèi)。2．選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆填涂；非選擇題必須使用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆書(shū)寫(xiě)，字體工整、筆跡清晰。3．請(qǐng)按題號(hào)順序在各題答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)的答案無(wú)效；在草稿紙、試題卷上答題無(wú)效。4．保持答題卡卡面清潔，不要折疊，不要弄破、弄皺，不準(zhǔn)使用涂改液、修正帶、刮紙刀。5．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）注意，聽(tīng)力部分答題時(shí)，請(qǐng)先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。聽(tīng)力部分結(jié)束前，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhereisprobablySuenow?A.Attheoffice.B.AtBill'shome.C.Athome.2.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodo?A.Quitsmoking.B.Changeaseat.C.Buyacake.3.Whatdidthemandolastweekend?A.Hetookatrip.B.Hewatchedagame.C.Heplayedbasketball.4.Whatdoesthemanneednow?A.Icecream.B.Milk.C.Water.5.Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?A.Thebusstation.B.Thetrainstation.C.Thepolicestation.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6.WhatdoesJackhavetodoat10:00am?A.Attendalecture.B.Catchabus.C.Repairhisbike.7.Howdoestheboyusuallygotoschool?A.Bybus.B.Bybike.C.Bycar.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至9題。8.Whomisthepartyfor?A.Lisa.B.Jane.C.Ted.9.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Playsomegames.B.BringJanealong.C.Watchavideo.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthebedroom?A.Bright.B.New.C.Small.11.Whatdoesthewomanlikebest?A.Thelivingroom.B.Theview.C.Thekitchen.12.Whatwillthespeakersdomostprobably?A.Havetheshowerrepaired.B.Buysomefurniture.C.Keepsearching.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Classmates.C.Colleagues.14.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Intheclassroom.B.Overthephone.C.Atthewoman'shome.15.WhydoesTomfeelstressedout?A.Hecan'tspeakEnglishwell.B.Hehasknowntheexamresult.C.Hedidn'tdowellintheEnglishexam.16.Whatisthewoman'ssuggestion?A.Correctingthemistakesnow.B.Payingmoreattentionnexttime.C.municatingwithparents.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Howmanyforeignstudentsarevisitinginthespeaker'sschoolnow?A.About13.B.About20.C.Over30.18.Whydoestheschoolorganizethemusicweek?A.Toattractmoreforeignstudents.B.Toexchangeideasaboutculture.C.Tohelpforeignstudentsenjoytheirtime.19.Whenshouldstudentssignupfortheactivities?A.BeforeSeptember15th.B.InthelastweekofSeptember.C.InthefirstweekofDecember.20.Wherewillthemusicweekbeheld?A.Inthelibrary.B.Inthegarden.C.Ontheplayground.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIt’snoteasytofindajob.Manyjobshaveageorexperiencerequirementsthatyoumightnotmeet.Ontopofthat,youneedtojuggle(應(yīng)付)schoolwork,extracurriculars,andyoursociallife.Fortunately,therearestillsomegoodjobsforyoutostartgainingworkingexperience.TutorStraightAstudent?Thenajobasatutor(家庭教師)mightbethebestoptionforyou.Helpingyoungerstudentswiththeirhomeworkisagreatwaytoputwhatyou’vestudiedtogooduseandmakesomeextramoney.Oneoftheeasiestwaystoshowthatyou’requalifiedtoteachotherstudentsisbylistingyourGPA(GradePointAverage)onyourtutorresume.DogWalkerLovedogs?Thenapositionasadogwalkeristheperfectfitforyou.Dogwalkingrequiresnoworkexperienceandhasflexiblehours.However,youmayneedtodosomeshadowingoraninterviewbeforepeopletrustyouwiththeirpets.DeliveryDriverIfyou’re16+yearsoldandhaveadriver’slicense,youcouldtryworkingasadeliverydriver.Drivingisagreatwaytogainrelevantexperienceandshowfutureemployersthatyou’reresponsibleandworkwellunderpressure.CallCenterRepresentativeIfyoudon’tmindtalkingonthephone,thenajobasacallcenterworkerisagoodchoiceforyou.Workingasacallcenterrepresentativecaneventeachyousomeusefulcustomerserviceskillsthatwillhelpyourcareerlateron.Tolandajobatacallcenter,highlightyourcustomerserviceandinterpersonalskillsonyourresume.1.Whoarethepassageintendedfor?A.Parents. B.Teachers. C.Students. D.Employers.2.Whatqualifiesyouasatutor?A.Relevantexperience. B.Timelyhomeworkpletion.C.Flexibletimeschedule. D.Impressiveacademicperformance.3.Whichjobrequiresgoodsocialskills?A.Tutor. B.Dogwalker.C.Deliverydriver. D.Callcenterrepresentative.【答案】1.C2.D3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了幾種學(xué)生可以從事的工作。【1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Ontopofthat,youneedtojuggle(應(yīng)付)schoolwork,extracurriculars,andyoursociallife.”（除此之外，你還需要兼顧學(xué)業(yè)、課外活動(dòng)，還有你的社交生活。）可知，這篇文章針對(duì)的對(duì)象是學(xué)生。故選C項(xiàng).【2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Oneoftheeasiestwaystoshowthatyou’requalifiedtoteachotherstudentsisbylistingyourGPA(GradePointAverage)onyourtutorresume.”（最簡(jiǎn)單的一種方式表明你是有資格教其他的學(xué)生就是在你的導(dǎo)師簡(jiǎn)歷上列出你的平均成績(jī)點(diǎn)。）可知，作為有家教的資格的最容易的方式就是出示你的成績(jī)，說(shuō)明令人印象深刻的學(xué)術(shù)表現(xiàn)是你有做家教的資格的方式。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Tolandajobatacallcenter,highlightyourcustomerserviceandinterpersonalskillsonyourresume.”（想在呼叫中心找到工作，在簡(jiǎn)歷上突出你的客戶服務(wù)能力還有人際交往能力。）可知，人際交往能力和客戶服務(wù)能力屬于社交技巧，推斷出需要良好社交技巧的工作是客服代表。故選D項(xiàng)。BItwasadreamborninfire.WhenAndreaPetersonwas5,sheandhermotherweretrappedonthebalconyofaburningbuilding.“Throwthekiddown!”saidoneofthefiremenbelow,andlittleAndreajumpedintolifesavingarmsandalifelonggoal.Shewantedtofightfireslikeherrescuersdid.Butintheearly1960’s,littlegirlsweren’tevenallowedtofantasizeaboutsuchgreatdreams.Shetoldthattothemenwhohadsavedher,andtheylaughed.“You’llbeagoodmommy,”thefirementoldher.“You’llbeagoodteacher,maybeyou’llbeanurse,butyoucanneverbeafireman.”Andthen,asittendstodo,lifedidn’tgiveherachancetorealizethedream.WhenPetersonwasstudyingforadegreeinaviationtechnology(航空技術(shù))—theonlyfemaleinherclass,shemetherhusband,Dennis,aVietnamvetwholaterdevelopedcancer.Petersonspent31yearscaringforthemanshelovedand,in2007,Dennislefttheworld.At61,Sheearnedheremergencymedicaltechnicianlicense(執(zhí)照)andrespondedtofirecallswiththeambulance(救護(hù)車(chē)).Itturnedtobealifeanddeathsituation,andPetersonfeltthatlongagochildhoodcalling.ShefoundthatheryearsofcaringforDennishadpreparedherfordealingwithdifferenthurtsandills.Ayearlater,shetoldherbossshewantedtobeafirefighter.Thefactthateveryoneelseinhertrainingteamwasbetween18and21didn’tdiscourageher.Shepassedthewritingtestandsheclearedthephysicaldifficultiesandfinally,thatlittlegirl’sdreambecameareality.Petersonknowsthatthewindowonherphysicalabilitieswon’tstayopenforever.Butwheninterviewed,shesaid,“IworryalittlewhenIgettooold...However,Ididgetmydream.”4.WhydidAndreaPetersonwanttobeafirefighter?A.Shenarrowlyescapedfromthefire. B.Shewasoncerescuedbyfiremen.C.Shewantedtoliveanadventurouslife. D.Shewasencouragedbyhermother.5.WhathappenedtoPetersonwhenshewas61?A.Shecarefullylookedafterherdyinghusband.B.Shejoinedinthetrainingteamtobeafirefighter.C.Shesuccessfulgotadegreeinaviationtechnology.D.Shehelpedtheinjuredusinghermedicalknowledge.6.WhatwordscanbestdescribeAndreaPeterson?A.Determinedandbrave. B.Kindandhumorous.C.Confidentandfriendly. D.Generousandhonest.7.WhatdoesPeterson’sstorytellus?A.It’snevertoolatetochangeajob. B.Wherethereisawillthereisaway.C.Timeandtidewaitfornoman. D.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了AndreaPeterson在62歲高齡時(shí)，克服重重困難，實(shí)現(xiàn)了兒時(shí)做消防員的夢(mèng)想?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“‘Throwthekiddown!’saidoneofthefiremenbelow,andlittleAndreajumpedintolifesavingarmsandalifelonggoal.Shewantedtofightfireslikeherrescuersdid.(‘把孩子放下來(lái)!’下面的一名消防員說(shuō)，小Andrea跳進(jìn)了救命的懷抱里，這成為她一生的目標(biāo)。她想像救援人員一樣去救火)”可知，AndreaPeterson曾經(jīng)被消防員救起，因此夢(mèng)想成為一名消防員。故選B項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“At61,Sheearnedheremergencymedicaltechnicianlicense(執(zhí)照)andrespondedtofirecallswiththeambulance(救護(hù)車(chē)).Itturnedtobealifeanddeathsituation,andPetersonfeltthatlongagochildhoodcalling.ShefoundthatheryearsofcaringforDennishadpreparedherfordealingwithdifferenthurtsandills.(61歲時(shí)，她獲得了緊急醫(yī)療技術(shù)員執(zhí)照，并駕駛救護(hù)車(chē)響應(yīng)火警呼叫。這變成了一個(gè)生死攸關(guān)的情況，Peterson感到了很久以前童年的召喚。她發(fā)現(xiàn)，多年來(lái)照顧Dennis的經(jīng)歷，使她能夠應(yīng)對(duì)各種各樣的傷痛和疾病)”可知，在61歲時(shí)，Peterson用她的醫(yī)學(xué)知識(shí)幫助傷者。故選D項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第一段中“Itwasadreamborninfire.(這是一個(gè)在火中誕生的夢(mèng))”以及倒數(shù)第二段中“Thefactthateveryoneelseinhertrainingteamwasbetween18and21didn’tdiscourageher.Shepassedthewritingtestandsheclearedthephysicaldifficultiesandfinally,thatlittlegirl’sdreambecameareality.(她訓(xùn)練隊(duì)的其他人都在18歲到21歲之間，但這并沒(méi)有讓她氣餒。她通過(guò)了寫(xiě)作考試，克服了身體上的困難，終于，那個(gè)小女孩的夢(mèng)想變成了現(xiàn)實(shí))”可知，AndreaPeterson克服了重重困難，終于實(shí)現(xiàn)兒時(shí)的夢(mèng)想，可見(jiàn)她意志堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，勇于挑戰(zhàn)自我。故選A項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，AndreaPeterson堅(jiān)持不懈，克服困難，在62歲高齡時(shí)做了消防員，實(shí)現(xiàn)了兒時(shí)的夢(mèng)想。這個(gè)故事告訴我們：“有志者，事竟成”。故選B項(xiàng)。COnsomeSwedishtrains,passengerscarrytheireticketsintheirhands.About3,000Swedeshavechosentoputmicrochips(微芯片)beneaththeskinbetweenfingers.Thechips,whichcostaround$150,canholdpersonalfacts,creditcardnumbersandmedicalrecords.TheydependonRadioFrequencyID(RFID),atechnologyalreadyusedinpaymentcards,ticketsandpassports.Thereare10,000peoplewithchipimplants(植入)aroundtheworld.Sweden,hometoseveralmicrochippanies,hasthelargestshare.Peoplecanorderdoityourselfkits.AndsometimestheygetTshirtsthatsay“Igotchipped”.Jowan?sterlund,thefounderofBioHax,aSwedishfirm,arguesthatchipsaresaferthanmobilephonesbecauseitishardertostealinformationfromthem.Butsomepeoplestillhaveworries.RFIDchipsdonothaveGPS,buttheyleaveatrailwhentheyareusedtoopendoors,operateprinters,etc.In2004aMexicangovernmentofficialandhisworkmateshadchipsplacedintheirarmsthattrackedwhohadaccessedimportantinformation.Sowhytaketherisk?Lesstroubleisonereason.Theequipmentformicrochipimplantsexistswherevernewpaymentsareaccepted.Swedeniswellsuitedastheworld’ssecondmostcashlesscountry(afterCanada).Butthechipshavelittleuseunlessallpaniesagreetoworktogether.Fewshopsrecognizethischipimplantsyet,eventhoseorganizationsthatdohavehadsometroublesinthebeginning.WhenSwedishrailofficialsbeganscanningpassengers’microchips,theysawprivateinformationratherthanevidenceofticketbuying.Fornowthechipsareusedlargelyasbusinesscards,keysortostoreimportantinformation.Sothedesiretowinnoticeoradmirationisanotherexplanation.Chipenthusiastswanttoequiphumanbodieswithtechnology.ElonMusk,anAmericanbusinessmanhasspentmoneyonthistechnologythatconnectsmachineswithhumanbrains,whichcausedfearsfromsomeChristians.8.Whatisspecialaboutthemicrochipsmentionedinthepassage?A.Theyhavealreadybeepartofhumanbodies.B.Theyhaveofferedaccesstopersonalinformation.C.Theyhavebeeasymbolofmodernsociety.D.Theyhaveusedthelatesttechnologyinpayment.9.Jowanfailedtoconsiderthefactthat__________.A.theinformationissafertokeeponchipsthanphonesB.RFIDchipscanalsohaveGPSasmobilesphonesdoCinformationonchipsislikelytobeaccessedandletoutD.somemicrochipshavealreadybeenequippedwithGPS10.Whyarepeoplewillingtoriskputtingchipsintotheirbodies?A.Becausedevelopedcountriesarewellpreparedforchipimplants.B.Becausetheywanttosavethemselvesthetroubleofcashpayment.C.Becausetheyencouragemorepaniestorecognizechipimplants.D.Becauseitisanattentioncatchingtechnologythatmakesthingseasier.11.WecaninferfromParagraph5that__________.A.Thereisalongwaytogobeforetheimplantedchipsarewidelyapplied.B.Manypaniestakeawaitandseeattitudetowardsthistechnology.C.Thechipimplantshavecauseddifficultyforbothusersandpanies.D.Microchipsalwayssuccessfullyofferinformationaboutticketbuying.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.A【解析】【分析】本文為說(shuō)明文。瑞典人選擇在手指之間的皮膚下放置微芯片的原因是因?yàn)榉奖慵耙俗⒛康模舶踩允艿搅速|(zhì)疑。芯片植入和推廣遇到了初期的困難，即使已經(jīng)開(kāi)展芯片植入業(yè)務(wù)的公司也遭遇了一些麻煩，所以充分發(fā)揮芯片的作用有待時(shí)日?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段尤其是“About3,000Swedeshavechosentoputmicrochips(微芯片)beneaththeskinbetweenfingers.”可知，本文中芯片的不同之處在于它被植入了體內(nèi)，成為身體的一部分。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由第三段“Jowan…,arguesthatchipsaresaferthanmobilephonesbecauseitishardertostealinformationfromthem.Butsomepeoplestillhaveworries.RFIDchipsdonothaveGPS,buttheyleaveatrailwhentheyareusedtoopendoors,operateprinters,etc.In2004aMexicangovernmentofficialandhisworkmateshadchipsplacedintheirarmsthattrackedwhohadaccessedimportantinformation.”可知，Jowan_認(rèn)為，芯片比更安全，因?yàn)楹茈y從中竊取信息。但有些人還是有憂慮。射頻識(shí)別芯片沒(méi)有GPS，但當(dāng)它們被用來(lái)開(kāi)門(mén)、操作打印機(jī)等時(shí)會(huì)留下痕跡。由此推斷出Jowan的觀點(diǎn)遭到了質(zhì)疑，植入的芯片并不比更加安全，文章舉例說(shuō)明各種交互活動(dòng)都會(huì)被記錄和發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第四段中的“Lesstroubleisonereason”及第六段“Sothedesiretowinnoticeoradmirationisanotherexplanation”可知闡述人們冒險(xiǎn)植入芯片的原因：省事，引人注目。分析選項(xiàng)，可知D項(xiàng)（因?yàn)樗且环N引人注目的技術(shù)，使事情變得更容易）符合題意，故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。從第五段的“Butthechipshavelittleuseunlessallpaniesagreetoworktogether.Fewshopsrecognizethischipimplantsyet,eventhoseorganizationsthatdohavehadsometroublesinthebeginning”可以看出，芯片植入和推廣遇到了初期的困難，即使已經(jīng)開(kāi)展芯片植入業(yè)務(wù)的公司也遭遇了一些麻煩，所以充分發(fā)揮芯片的作用有待時(shí)日。故選A。DBytheyear2050,afifthoftheworld’scitieswillexperienceunprecedentedclimateconditionsandenvironmentsthatcurrentlydon’texistinanymajorcities,accordingtonewresearch.AteamofscientistsattheCrowtherLabinSwitzerlandproducedthereport,whichdescribedtheclimatefor520majorcities30yearsinthefuture.Theresultsshowedthat77percentoftheworld’scitieswillexperienceasurprisingchangeinclimateconditionsby2050,and22percentofthe520citieswillseeconditionsthatarenotcurrentlyexperiencedbyanyexistingmajorcities.InChinain2050,theclimateofXi’an,inShanxiprovince,willbesimilartothatofcurrentdayMaseru,thecapitalcityofLesothoinsouthernAfrica,withthemaximumtemperatureofthewarmestmonthlikelytoincreaseby4.59℃.ChongqinginsouthwestChinawillresembletheclimateofSwazilandcapitalMbabane,asthewarmesttemperatureispredictedtoriseby5.1℃.ScientistspredictsummersinEuropewillgetwarmerbyanaverageof3.5℃andEuropeanwinterswillseetemperaturerisesof4.7℃.London’sclimatewillbemoresimilarloBarcelona,andMadrid’stoMarrakech.TheCrowtherLabhopestheanalysiswillmotivatedecisionmakerstotakenecessarystepstopreventoraddresssomeoftheclimateeffectsduetothethreatofclimatechange.Thereportalsofoundthatcitiesintropicalregionswillexperiencesmallerchangesinaveragetemperaturebutwillbecontrolledbyshiftsinrainfallregimes.Thismayleadtoanoticeableincreaseinunexpectedevents,andseveredroughts.“Acrossallscientificfields,thegreatestchallengeinclimatescienceisnolongertheprecisemeasurementofclimatechangeimpacts,butinspiringpeopletopictureisactualeffectsinordertomotivateaction,”saidTomCrowther,seniorscientistundfounderoftheCrowtherLab.12.Accordingtotheresearch,amongthe520citiesby2050,about________citieswillexperiencetheclimateconditionsthatnomajorcitiescurrentlyhaveexperienced.A.400 B.114 C.260 D.10413.Howdidthescientistsprovetheirresult?A.Bylistingfigures. B.Bymakingparisons.C.Bydoingexperiments. D.Byexplainingtheory.14.WhatistheCrowtherLabintendedfor?A.Toparetheclimatechangeofthemajorcitiesoftheworld.B.Toinspirepeopletopictureitsactualeffectsinordertomotivateaction.C.Toinspiredecisionmakerstotakenecessarystepstopreventsomeclimateeffects.D.Toshowmostword’scitieswillexperienceastrikingchangeinclimateconditions.15.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.WorldTemperature B.CurrentClimateChangeC.BigTitlesintheWorld D.FutureClimateChangeinMostBigCities【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。通過(guò)數(shù)據(jù)例舉講述了到2050年，世界上許多大城市的氣候?qū)⒆兣粲跞祟?lèi)要盡快采取措施?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“and22percentofthe520citieswillseeconditionsthatarenotcurrentlyexperiencedbyanyexistingmajorcities.(520個(gè)城市中有22%的氣候狀況將不再是任何現(xiàn)存的大城市都經(jīng)歷過(guò)的樣子)”可知，520中的22%大約就是114，所以到2050年，大約有114個(gè)城市將面臨氣候條件的變化。故選B。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theresultsshowedthat77percentoftheworld’scitieswillexperienceasurprisingchangeinclimateconditionsby2050,and22percentofthe520citieswillseeconditionsthatarenotcurrentlyexperiencedbyanyexistingmajorcities.”以及第三段和第四段中“withthemaximumtemperatureofthewarmestmonthlikelytoincreaseby4.59℃.asthewarmesttemperatureispredictedtoriseby5.1℃.ScientistspredictsummersinEuropewillgetwarmerbyanaverageof3.5℃andEuropeanwinterswillseetemperaturerisesof4.7℃.”所列舉的具體數(shù)據(jù)可知，這些科學(xué)家通過(guò)列出具體的數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)佐證他們的研究結(jié)果。故選A。14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“TheCrowtherLabhopestheanalysiswillmotivatedecisionmakerstotakenecessarystepstopreventoraddresssomeoftheclimateeffectsduetothethreatofclimatechange.(TheCrowtherLab希望這項(xiàng)分析將激勵(lì)決策者采取必要的措施，以防止或解決氣候變化威脅造成的一些氣候影響)”可知，theCrowtherLab的目的就是激勵(lì)決策者采取必要的措施來(lái)防止一些氣候影響。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Bytheyear2050,afifthoftheworld’scitieswillexperienceunprecedentedclimateconditionsandenvironmentsthatcurrentlydon’texistinanymajorcities,accordingtonewresearch.(據(jù)最新研究報(bào)道，到2050年，世界上有五分之一的城市將面臨前所未有的氣候條件和環(huán)境的變化，那將是在目前任何一個(gè)主要城市都沒(méi)有出過(guò)的)”以及后文進(jìn)行的具體論證可知，文章主要介紹了對(duì)未來(lái)的一些大城市氣候變化的預(yù)測(cè)。D項(xiàng)：“一些重大城市的未來(lái)氣候變化”符合題意，做文章的標(biāo)題。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Volunteersmakeasignificantdifferenceinthelivesofothers.Often,theyperformwiththeintentionofhelpingthoseinneed.___16___Certainactivitiescanhavetherapeutic(治療的)effects.Fromloweringstresstoincreasingselfconfidence,volunteeringoffersmanyhealthbenefits.___17___Volunteersperformimportantrolesintheirduties.TheyserveasgreetersprovidingpatientroominformationanddirectionsandasCriticalCarewaitingroomattendants.Outsideofahealthcaresetting,volunteersimproveourbeaches,parks,andotherpublicservices.Volunteers’workisnecessarytoeverydayprocesses,providingthemwithasenseofpurpose.Volunteeringhelpsyoumeetothersanddevelopnewrelationships.Oneofthebestwaystomakenewfriendsandstrengthenexistingrelationshipsistotakepartinasharedactivity.___18___Spendingyourtimeworkingasavolunteeralsohelpsyouexpandyournetworkandpracticesocialskillswithothers.Volunteeringhelpsyoudevelopafeelingofgratitude.Thissocialemotionisn’talwaystheeasiesttoexpressduetoinherentvulnerability(固有的脆弱性),butitcanstrengthenrelationshipswiththoseclosesttoyou.Volunteeringallowsyoutotakeastepbacktolookatthebiggerpicture,whichcanhelpyourealizenevertakelifeforgrantedandalwaysbeappreciativeofwhatyouhave.___19___Volunteeringmayreducestresslevels.___20___Byenjoyingtimespentinservicetoothers,youwillfeelasenseofmeaningandappreciation,bothgivenandreceived,whichcanhaveastressreducingeffect.A.Whatdoyouhopetogetoutofvolunteering?BTherearemanyorganizationsthatactivelyseekvolunteers.C.It’sthelittlethingsyouhavethatgiveyouasenseofsatisfaction.D.Volunteeringteachesvaluableskillsandgivesasenseofpurpose.E.Volunteeringmaystrengthenaperson’ssocialnetworkstorelievestress.F.Butdoyouknowthatvolunteeringcanbenefityourownhealthaswell?G.Volunteeringisagreatwaytomeetnewpeoplewhosharemoninterestswithyou.【答案】16.F17.D18.G19.C20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章說(shuō)明了志愿服務(wù)不僅能夠幫助他人，而且能夠令志愿者自身受益，可以幫助志愿者體會(huì)使命感、拓展人際關(guān)系、培養(yǎng)感激的情感以及緩解壓力?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Often,theyperformwiththeintentionofhelpingthoseinneed.（通常，他們服務(wù)的目的是幫助那些需要幫助的人。）”和下文“Certainactivitiescanhavetherapeutic(治療的)effects.Fromloweringstresstoincreasingselfconfidence,volunteeringoffersmanyhealthbenefits.（某些活動(dòng)可能具有治療作用。從減輕壓力到增強(qiáng)自信，志愿活動(dòng)對(duì)健康有很多好處。）”可知，空處會(huì)從志愿服務(wù)幫助他人過(guò)渡到志愿服務(wù)對(duì)志愿者也有好處，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Butdoyouknowthatvolunteeringcanbenefityourownhealthaswell?（但是你知道志愿服務(wù)對(duì)你自己的健康也有好處嗎？）”符合語(yǔ)境，起到過(guò)渡的作用，其中的benefit與下文的healthbenefits呼應(yīng)。故選F?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Volunteersperformimportantrolesintheirduties.TheyserveasgreetersprovidingpatientroominformationanddirectionsandasCriticalCarewaitingroomattendants.Outsideofahealthcaresetting,volunteersimproveourbeaches,parks,andotherpublicservices.Volunteers’workisnecessarytoeverydayprocesses,providingthemwithasenseofpurpose.（志愿者在他們的職責(zé)中發(fā)揮著重要作用。他們作為迎賓員提供病房信息和方向，并作為重癥監(jiān)護(hù)候診室的服務(wù)員。在醫(yī)療保健機(jī)構(gòu)之外，志愿者還改善了我們的海灘、公園和其他公共服務(wù)。志愿者的工作是日常生活中必不可少的，這給了他們一種使命感。）”可知，本段主要討論志愿服務(wù)在社會(huì)生活中的重要作用和其中的使命感，空處需涉及志愿服務(wù)的使命感，D項(xiàng)“Volunteeringteachesvaluableskillsandgivesasenseofpurpose.（志愿活動(dòng)教會(huì)人們寶貴的技能，并賦予人們使命感。）”符合語(yǔ)境，可統(tǒng)領(lǐng)本段。故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Volunteeringhelpsyoumeetothersanddevelopnewrelationships.Oneofthebestwaystomakenewfriendsandstrengthenexistingrelationshipsistotakepartinasharedactivity.（志愿服務(wù)可以幫助你認(rèn)識(shí)別人，發(fā)展新的關(guān)系。結(jié)交新朋友和加強(qiáng)現(xiàn)有關(guān)系的最好方法之一就是參加共同的活動(dòng)。）”可知，本段在討論志愿服務(wù)對(duì)于拓展人際關(guān)系的好處，空處會(huì)具體說(shuō)明其原因，G項(xiàng)“Volunteeringisagreatwaytomeetnewpeoplewhosharemoninterestswithyou.（志愿服務(wù)是認(rèn)識(shí)與你有共同興趣的新朋友的好方法。）”符合語(yǔ)境，其中的newpeople和上文的newfriends呼應(yīng)。故選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Volunteeringallowsyoutotakeastepbacktolookatthebiggerpicture,whichcanhelpyourealizenevertakelifeforgrantedandalwaysbeappreciativeofwhatyouhave.（志愿活動(dòng)可以讓你退后一步，看看更大的格局，這可以幫助你意識(shí)到永遠(yuǎn)不要把生活視為理所當(dāng)然，永遠(yuǎn)要感激你所擁有的。）”可知，本段討論的是志愿服務(wù)對(duì)于發(fā)展感激情感的好處，空處會(huì)承接感激這一話題，C項(xiàng)“It’sthelittlethingsyouhavethatgiveyouasenseofsatisfaction.（你擁有的小事情會(huì)給你帶來(lái)滿足感。）”符合語(yǔ)境，其中的satisfaction和上文的beappreciativeof呼應(yīng)。故選C。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Volunteeringmayreducestresslevels.（志愿活動(dòng)可以減輕壓力。）”可知，本段討論的是志愿服務(wù)對(duì)于緩解壓力的好處，空處應(yīng)承接這一話題，E項(xiàng)“Volunteeringmaystrengthenaperson’ssocialnetworkstorelievestress.（志愿活動(dòng)可以加強(qiáng)一個(gè)人的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)，從而緩解壓力。）”符合語(yǔ)境，其中的relievestress與上文的reducestresslevel呼應(yīng)，socialnetworks與下文的servicetoothers呼應(yīng)。故選E。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。InasmallvillagetherelivedalazyBrahminRamdas.Hewoulddonothingbutdaydreamallday.Onesunnyafternoon,Ramdaswasvery___21___.Hesaid,“Whatabeautifulday!HowIwishIcouldgobacktosleep.ButIhavetogooutandgetmyfood.”Afterbathing,Ramdastookoutabowlandoutto___22___.Bybeggingthewholedayhemanagedtogetapotfullof___23___.“Itisthispotofmilkthatisgoingtomakeme___24___,”hethought.“Iwilluseittomakebutter.Fromthebutter,Iwillbe___25___tomakeghee(酥油).Iamreallyclever!Iwillthengotothe___26___andselltheghee,”hisdream___27___.“WiththemoneyIget,Iwillbuyapairofgoats.Theywillhave___28___aftersixmonths.SoonIwouldhaveanentireherdofgoats.”“How___29___Iam,”hethought.“ThedayIbeearichbusinessmanIwillbuildabighouserightinthemiddleofthevillage.Therewillbeasplendidgardenandaswimmingpoolinfrontofthehouse.EarlymorningIwill___30___inthebluewatersofthepool.”Deepinhis___31___,hestruckoutwithhisfoot,breakingthe___32___,anddrenching(使?jié)裢?himselfwiththemilk.Hesawthesituationandcried.Helostwhateverhehadbecauseofhis___33___anddaydreaming.Lazinessisthebiggest___34___ofourlife.Ifyouarelazy,thenyouwillnotacquireanysignificantpositioninyourlifeandwillalwayshavenothing.Lazinessisa___35___whoslowlystealseverythingfromus.Ifyouwanttobeesuccessfulinyourlifeandcareer,pleaseoverethedevillaziness.21.A.hungry B.angry C.sick D.curious22.A.sell B.beat C.beg D.entertain23.A.money B.soup C.water D.milk24.A.wealthy B.happy C.famous D.strange25.A.lucky B.capable C.interested D.particular26.A.road B.hotel C.market D.shop27.A.changed B.continued C.paused D.stopped28.A.kids B.huts C.arguments D.wounds29.A.generous B.handsome C.brave D.smart30.A.bathe B.exercise C.sweep D.surf31.A.ideas B.opinions C.thoughts D.expressions32.A.heart B.pot C.ghee D.goal33.A.sadness B.laziness C.carelessness D.anxiety34.A.success B.aim C.partner D.enemy35.A.robber B.thief C.murderer D.visitor【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.A25.B26.C27.B28.A29.D30.A31.C32.B33.B34.D35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇夾敘夾議文，介紹了一個(gè)懶人拉姆達(dá)斯在乞討了一罐牛奶后做白日夢(mèng)，覺(jué)得自己很富有，最后把牛奶罐子打破的故事，文章告訴我們不能懶惰?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一個(gè)陽(yáng)光明媚的下午，拉姆達(dá)斯非常餓。A.hungry餓的；B.angry生氣的；C.sick生病的；D.curious好奇的。根據(jù)下文“ButIhavetogooutandgetmyfood.”可知，拉姆達(dá)斯很餓，所以要去乞討食物。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：洗完澡，拉姆達(dá)斯拿出一個(gè)碗，出去乞討。A.sell賣(mài)；B.beat打?。籆.beg乞求，乞討；D.entertain使快樂(lè)。根據(jù)下文“Bybeggingthewholeday”可知，拉姆達(dá)斯出去乞討。故選C項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他乞討了一整天，總算弄到了滿滿一罐牛奶。A.money錢(qián)；B.soup湯；C.water水；D.milk牛奶。根據(jù)下文“thispotofmilk”可知，拉姆達(dá)斯成功乞討到一罐牛奶。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“這罐牛奶會(huì)讓我變得富有，”他想。A.wealthy富有的；B.happy快樂(lè)的；C.famous著名的；D.strange奇怪的。根據(jù)下文“ThedayIbeearichbusinessman”及本段拉姆達(dá)斯的白日夢(mèng)想可知，他想變得富有。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我可以用黃油制作酥油。A.lucky幸運(yùn)地；B.capable能夠的；C.interested感興趣的；D.particular特別的。根據(jù)“Fromthebutter”及“tomakeghee”可知，使用黃油能夠制作酥油。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“然后我將去市場(chǎng)賣(mài)酥油，”他的美夢(mèng)繼續(xù)著。A.road道路；B.hotel旅館；C.market市場(chǎng)；D.shop商店。根據(jù)“selltheghee”可知，可以去市場(chǎng)賣(mài)酥油。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“然后我將去市場(chǎng)賣(mài)酥油，”他的美夢(mèng)繼續(xù)著。A.changed改變；B.continued繼續(xù)；C.paused暫停；D.stopped停止。根據(jù)下文“WiththemoneyIget,Iwillbuyapairofgoats.”及下文內(nèi)容可知，他還在做白日夢(mèng)，夢(mèng)想繼續(xù)著。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：六個(gè)月后它們就會(huì)有孩子了。A.kids孩子；B.huts小屋；C.arguments爭(zhēng)論；D.wounds傷口。根據(jù)上文“WiththemoneyIget,Iwillbuyapairofgoats.”及下文“SoonIwouldhaveanentireherdofgoats.”可知，買(mǎi)了山羊就希望它們生孩子，然后就有很多山羊。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“我真聰明，”他想。A.generous慷慨的；B.handsome英俊的；C.brave勇敢的；D.smart聰明的。根據(jù)上文“Iamreallyclever!”可知，拉姆達(dá)斯認(rèn)為自己十分聰明，此處smart與上文clever為對(duì)應(yīng)詞。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：清晨，我將沐浴在游泳池的藍(lán)色的水里。A.bathe沐??；B.exercise鍛煉；C.sweep掃；D.surf沖浪。根據(jù)上文“Therewillbeasplendidgardenandaswimmingpoolinfrontofthehouse.”可知，此處表示在泳池里沐浴。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在沉思中，他一腳猛踢，打碎了罐子，牛奶濺了他一身。A.ideas主意；B.opinions觀點(diǎn)；C.thoughts想法；D.expressions表達(dá)。根據(jù)上文拉姆達(dá)斯的幻想可知，他沉浸在想法里。deepinthoughts為固定短語(yǔ)。故選C項(xiàng)。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在沉思中，他一腳猛踢，打碎了罐子，牛奶濺了他一身。A.heart心；B.pot罐；C.ghee酥油；D.goal目標(biāo)。根據(jù)下文“drenching(使?jié)裢?himselfwiththemilk”可知，牛奶罐被打破了，濺了他一身。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他失去了一切，因?yàn)樗膽卸韬桶兹諌?mèng)。A.sadness悲傷；B.laziness懶惰；C.carelessness粗心；D.anxiety焦慮。根據(jù)下文“Lazinessisthebiggest____14____ofourlife.”及上文講到拉姆達(dá)斯很懶，不作為只是做白日夢(mèng)可知，因?yàn)樗麘卸?，他失去了一切。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。