云南廣西貴州省高三“333”高考備考診斷性聯(lián)考英語試題二

英語注意事項：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。2.每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。在試題卷上作答無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，請將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。滿分150分，考試用時120分鐘。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）注意，聽力部分答題時請先將答案標在試卷上，聽力部分結(jié)束前你將有兩分鐘的時間將答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話，每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有十秒鐘時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhomightMr.Petersonbe?A.Anewprofessor.B.Adepartmenthead.C.Apanydirector.2.Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?A.ThemanisplanningatriptoAustin.B.ThemanhasneverbeentoAustin.C.ThemanhasoncebeentoAustin.3.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Meetaclient.B.Sendatext.C.Haveameeting.4.Whendoesthetrainleave?A.At11:45.B.At12:05.C.At12:15.5.Wherewilltheboymostprobablybetonight?A.Inhisroom.B.Inthecinema.C.Inaschool.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第6和第7兩個小題。6.HowarethereviewsfortheGreekrestaurant?A.Mostlypositive.B.Mostlynegative.C.Mostlyvague.7.Whichrestaurantdothespeakersprobablygo?ATheItalianrestaurant.B.TheGreekrestaurant.C.TheJapaneserestaurant.聽下面一段對話，回答第8和第9兩個小題。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Coachandathlete.9.Whatwasthescoreafterhalftime?A.Itwastied.B.Theman’steamwasupbytwopoints.C.Theman’steamwasdownbytenpoints.聽下面一段對話，回答第10至12三個小題。10WheredoesLinastudy?A.InFrance.B.InGermany.C.InEngland.11.HowmanylanguagescanLinaspeakaccordingtotheconversation?A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.12.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Takeoverthefamilyfarm.B.Behonestwithhisparents.C.Gobacktoschool.聽下面一段對話，回答第13至第16四個小題。13.Whenwillthewomangetoff?A.Inabout10minutes.B.Inabout25minutes.C.Inabout15minutes.14.Howoftendoesthewomantakethisbusroute?A.Onceaday.B.Twiceaday.C.Onceaweek.15.Whatdoesthewomansuggestimproving?A.Thetime.B.Theticketprice.C.Thefortlevel.16.Whatdoweknowaboutthebusserviceaccordingtothewoman?A.Thedriversareimpolite.B.Therearetoomanyoldbuses.C.Thebusesaredirtyintheafternoon.聽下面一段獨白，回答第17至第20四個小題。17.Whendidtheexplosionhappen?A.Inthemorning.B.Intheafternoon.C.Intheevening.18WhatdroppedontothefloorofJoyHorton’skitchen?A.Aplate.B.Aknife.C.Aspoon.19.WheredidJoyHortonwalktogethelp?A.Tothepolicestation.B.Toherdaughter’shome.C.Toherneighbor’shome.20.Whatcanweknowaccordingtothetext?A.Thepoliceareinvestigatingthecause.B.JoyHortonwassenttohospitalatonce.C.JoyHortonisa72yearoldwoman.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATheBestBrandAwardsTheBestBrandAwardsisaninternationalpetitionthatrecognizestheconceptanddesignofbrandsfromaroundtheglobe.Designers,agenciesandpaniespeteeveryyeartopresenttheirbestwork.Ithasatotaloffourcategories:LogoNew,LogoRedesign,BrandIdentityandBrandIdentityRedesign.Participationiseasy,asoneregistersanduploadstheworkviathewebsite.BrandscreatedbetweenJanuary2023andMarch2024areweletoparticipate.GeneralPieceRequirementsFormats:jpeg,jpg,pngor.Tiff(notbiggerthan2MB).Colouredareasinthebackgroundarenotallowed.Onlydigitalsubmissionsareallowed,noprintouts.LogoNew:Asinglelogocentredonawhitebackground.LogoRedesign:Theoldlogoisontheleft,andthenewoneontherightonawhitearea.BrandIdentityandBrandIdentityRedesign：Fourexamplesoftheapplicationofthelogoonawhiteareaareshown.EntryFeesLogocategoriesIdentitycategoriesEarlybirdsubmission(1January—29February,2024)￡50perpiece￡100perpieceRegularsubmission(1March—31March,2024)￡75perpiece￡150perpieceLatesubmission(1Apil—15May,2024)￡100perpiece￡200perpieceAwardsEachwinnerwillreceiveacertificateinPDFformat.Thiscertificateisfreeofcharge.Youcanprintitoutonyourown.Youwillalsoreceiveasetofawardlogosfreeofcharge.TheawardsarepresentedinGold,Silver,Bronze,AwardofExcellenceandRunnerUp.Atrophy(獎杯)canbeorderedforafeeof110euros.Eachtrophyisindividuallyproducedandthetextisagreedwiththerespectiveprizewinner.Theordercanbeplacedsimplybyemail:hello@bestbrandawards.1.WhatdoweknowabouttheBestBrandAwards?A.Itisheldannually. B.Itincludesthreecategories.C.Itisheldnationally. D.Itrequiresprintoutsubmissions.2.HowmuchshouldyoupayifyousubmitanidentitydesignonApril6,2024?A.￡75. B.￡100. C.￡150. D.￡200.3.Whichofthefollowingcanawinnerorder?A.Adigitalcertificate. B.Acustomizedtrophy.C.Asetofawardlogos. D.Aprintoutofacertificate.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了最佳品牌設(shè)計獎的比賽?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Designers,agenciesandpaniespeteeveryyeartopresenttheirbestwork.(每年，設(shè)計師、代理商和公司都會競相展示他們最好的作品)”可知，BestBrandAwards每年都會舉行。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中Latesubmission(1Apil—15May,2024)(Latesubmission（4月1日——5月15日）)，以及Identitycategories中“￡200perpiece(200英鎊每份)”可知，如果在2024年4月6日提交一份identity設(shè)計，費用為200英鎊。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Awards部分中“Atrophy(獎杯)canbeorderedforafeeof110euros.Eachtrophyisindividuallyproducedandthetextisagreedwiththerespectiveprizewinner.(訂制獎杯的費用為110歐元。每個獎杯都是單獨制作的，文字由各自的獲獎?wù)咄?”可知，獲獎?wù)呖梢灶A(yù)定定制的獎杯。故選B。BJack,aclinicalnursespecialist,retiedonhis65thbirthday.Hetoldhiswife,Sally,hewould“startoutasanadventurecyclist.”Fourmonthslater,hesetoffona13,000kmcycleridefromUlaanbaatarinMongoliatoEdinburgh,muchofitroughlyshadowingMarcoPolo’sSilkRoad.Nosoonerhadhestartedoutthanasnowstormhit.Hehidinhistent,wearingeveryitemofclothinghehadpacked.At18℃itwastoocoldtogooutsidetocook.Hesurvivedthenext48hoursbyeatingamassivebagofchocolates.SoitisasurprisetohearJacksaythathehasneverfearedforhislife.“Never.There’salwayssomethingtobecuriousabout,”hesays.In2018,herodefromEdinburghtoIstanbultoearnaplaceinGuinnessWorldRecords.“Thereareveryfewrecordsamanover60canbreak,”hesays.Duringthetrip,hegotadozenpunctures(輪胎上刺破的小孔).Buthefixedeachone.“I’vealwaysbeenseriousaboutpurpose.Ifsomethingistobedone,itistobedoneproperly.Peoplegoforwardsandpeoplegobackwards.Thedifficultbitismanagingthetimeswhenpeoplegobackwards,”hesays.“Don’tletthemomentruinthewholething.”Heturns71thisyear.Heisabouttobeginthe1,407kmtriptoJohnO’Groats.Itsoundstoughbutheinsists“itjustamatterofspinningthewheels.”Still,theydon’tspinontheirown.Hisdaughter,ayogateacher,hassuggestedweightstomaintainmusclemass.Hisson,acyclist,keepshimuptospeedonthelatesttechnology.JackisplanningnewridesinFrancenextyear,andbeyondthathopes“tospreadmywingsfurther.Thereispeaceonabicycle,”hesays.“Thejoyistheactualdoingoftheactivity.Goingfurthermeansyou’rejustdoingmoreofsomethingyouenjoy.”4.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.ThesceneryJacksawalongtheway.B.ThechallengesJackfacedinthejourney.C.ThelessonsJacklearnedfromthejourney.D.ThepreparationsJackmadeforthejourney.5.WhichdoesJackprobablyapproveofaccordingtoparagraph3?A.It’snevertoooldtolearn. B.It’snevertoolatetomend.C.Neverdothingsbyhalves. D.Timeandtidewaitnoman.6.WhogivesupporttoJackforthetrip?A.Acyclistandaspecialist. B.HisyogateacherandSally.C.Hisdaughterandson. D.Thedoctorsandnurses.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeJack?A.Generousandcreative. B.Ambitiousandpersistent.C.Confidentandconsiderate. D.Imaginativeandsympathetic.【答案】4.B5.C6.C7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。主要講述了主人公杰克，一位臨床護理專家，在他65歲退休后開始自行車騎行冒險的經(jīng)歷?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段中“Nosoonerhadhestartedoutthanasnowstormhit.Hehidinhistent,wearingeveryitemofclothinghehadpacked.At18℃itwastoocoldtogooutsidetocook.Hesurvivedthenext48hoursbyeatingamassivebagofchocolates.”（他剛出發(fā)，暴風(fēng)雪就來了。他躲在帳篷里，穿著他打包好的每一件衣服。零下18攝氏度的天氣太冷了，不能出去做飯。在接下來的48小時里，他吃了一大袋巧克力。）可知，第二段主要講的是杰克在旅途中面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Duringthetrip,hegotadozenpunctures(輪胎上刺破的小孔).Buthefixedeachone.“I’vealwaysbeenseriousaboutpurpose.Ifsomethingistobedone,itistobedoneproperly.Peoplegoforwardsandpeoplegobackwards.Thedifficultbitismanagingthetimeswhenpeoplegobackwards,”hesays.“Don’tletthemomentruinthewholething.””（在旅途中，他被扎了十幾次。但他把每個問題都解決了?！拔乙恢睂δ繕撕苷J真。如果要做某件事，就要做得恰當(dāng)。有人向前走，有人向后走。困難之處在于應(yīng)對人們倒退的局面，”他表示。“別讓這一刻毀了一切。”）提到他在輪胎被扎破后修補輪胎的事以及他所說的話，由此可知，他是一個做事情追求完美、不輕易半途而廢的人。故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Hisdaughter,ayogateacher,hassuggestedweightstomaintainmusclemass.Hisson,acyclist,keepshimuptospeedonthelatesttechnology.”（他的女兒是一名瑜伽老師，她建議通過舉重來保持肌肉質(zhì)量。他的兒子是一名自行車手，他讓他了解最新的科技。）可知，他的女兒和兒子對他的騎行給予了支持。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章大意以及最后一段“JackisplanningnewridesinFrancenextyear,andbeyondthathopes“tospreadmywingsfurther.Thereispeaceonabicycle,”hesays.“Thejoyistheactualdoingoftheactivity.Goingfurthermeansyou’rejustdoingmoreofsomethingyouenjoy.””（杰克計劃明年去法國玩新的游樂設(shè)施，除此之外，他還希望“把翅膀伸得更遠”。自行車上有一種寧靜，”他說?！翱鞓肥腔顒拥膶嶋H過程。走得更遠意味著你在做更多你喜歡的事情?！保┛赏浦?，他是一個有雄心且為目標堅持不懈的人。故選B項。CWhatmotivatesyoutoworkorstudyharder?Isitthethoughtofsuccessandalltheamazingthingsthatyoucanachieve,orisitthefearoffailureandworryaboutallthethingsthatcangowrongforyou?Leaders,managers,andteachershaveoftenusedoneoftheseideastoinspirepeopletoworkharderandachievemore.Butisonebetterthantheother?ArecentstudylookedattheeffectoffearbasedstrategiesonBritishsecondaryschoolstudents.Asissooftenthecase,it’splicated.Theyfoundthatifatestisseenasimportant，andstudentsareoptimisticthattheycansucceed,thenthefearoffailurecanbeusedsuccessfullybyteacherstomotivatetheselearners.However,ifstudentsarenotconfident,thenfearbasedapproachescouldtriggerfeelingsofanxiety,whichcaninturnleadthemtodoworseonthetestthantheywouldhavedoneotherwise.Thestudyalsofoundthatifstudentsaredisengagedanddon’tcareaboutthetestinthefirstplace,then,unsurprisingly,thefearoffailureisnotlikelytomotivatethem.Entrepreneursoftenruntheriskoffailure.It’safactthatmostnewpanieswillfail.Butdoesthismotivateorinhibit(阻礙)businesspeople?Again,it’snotstraightforward.Thepersonalconsequencesoffailurecanbesignificant,andsofoundersmaybemotivatedtoworkhardertoavoidthem.AstudycarriedoutonBritishandCanadianentrepreneursfoundthatfearoffailurecanimproveproblemsolving,aspeoplearemotivatedtoanticipateandresolvepotentialissues.Theymayalsobeinspiredtolearnnewthingsthatwillhelptheirbusinessorfindmentorswhocansupportthem.However,thestudyalsoshowedthatitcanleadtoincreasedprocrastinationaspeoplefocustoomuchonwhattheypersonallyfear,ratherthanwhatwouldbebestforthebusiness.Ifsomeoneislessconfidentabouttheirbusinessidea,thentheymayfindtheirdecisionmakingnegativelyaffectedbytheirfears.Takentogether,thesestudiesshowthatfearbasedmotivationisplicated.Itcandriveconfidentpeopletodobetter,butitcanalsoamplifyourdoubtsandturnthemintobarriers.8.Howisthetopicintroducedinparagraph1?A.Bytriggeringpossiblediscussions. B.Bygivingspecificexamples.C.Bypresentingtheresearchresults. D.Byintroducingsomefindings.9.WhenwouldthefearoffailureNOTbeabletomotivatestudents?A.Whenstudentsareoptimistic.B.Whenstudentsareconfident.C.Whenstudentscaremoreaboutthetestresults.D.Whenstudentsareinnegativemoodandlessactive.10.Whatcanweknowfromtheentrepreneurs’example?A.Fearoffailuremotivationisaplexbeing.B.Foundersarelikelytobethemostmotivated.C.Businessmencan’tavoidsomepersonalfailures.D.Fearoffailureproducesmorenegativeoutes.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tointroduceanextremelyimportantapproachtosuccess.B.Toclarifythebondbetweenmotivationandthefearoffailure.C.Tocastthedoubtwhethermotivationwilltrulyleadtosuccess.D.Toencouragereaderstobemoreconfidentandnottobefeared.【答案】8.A9.D10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。主要討論對于失敗的恐懼感是否能激勵學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)動力、是否能鼓勵企業(yè)的進步和發(fā)展這一議題?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Whatmotivatesyoutoworkorstudyharder?Isitthethoughtofsuccessandalltheamazingthingsthatyoucanachieve,orisitthefearoffailureandworryaboutallthethingsthatcangowrongforyou?Leaders,managers,andteachershaveoftenusedoneoftheseideastoinspirepeopletoworkharderandachievemore.Butisonebetterthantheother?(是什么激勵你更加努力地工作或?qū)W習(xí)？是對成功的憧憬和你能實現(xiàn)的所有驚人的事情，還是對失敗的恐懼和對所有可能出錯的事情的擔(dān)憂？領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者、經(jīng)理和老師經(jīng)常使用這些想法來激勵人們更加努力地工作，取得更多的成就。但是一個比另一個好嗎？)”可推知，作者通過“引出可能的討論”，從而引出文章的話題。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“However,ifstudentsarenotconfident,thenfearbasedapproachescouldtriggerfeelingsofanxiety,whichcaninturnleadthemtodoworseonthetestthantheywouldhavedoneotherwise.Thestudyalsofoundthatifstudentsaredisengagedanddon’tcareaboutthetestinthefirstplace,then,unsurprisingly,thefearoffailureisnotlikelytomotivatethem.(然而，如果學(xué)生不自信，那么基于恐懼的方法可能會引發(fā)焦慮感，這反過來會導(dǎo)致他們在考試中表現(xiàn)得更差。研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果學(xué)生們一開始就對考試漠不關(guān)心，那么不出所料，對失敗的恐懼不太可能激勵他們。)”可知，當(dāng)學(xué)生情緒消極，不太活躍時，失敗的恐懼感就不會激勵到他們。故選D?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Entrepreneursoftenruntheriskoffailure.It’safactthatmostnewpanieswillfail.Butdoesthismotivateorinhibit(阻礙)businesspeople?Again,it’snotstraightforward.Thepersonalconsequencesoffailurecanbesignificant,andsofoundersmaybemotivatedtoworkhardertoavoidthem.(企業(yè)家常常冒著失敗的風(fēng)險。大多數(shù)新公司都會失敗，這是一個事實。但這是激勵還是抑制商人呢?這也不是直截了當(dāng)?shù)?。失敗對個人的影響可能很嚴重，因此創(chuàng)業(yè)者可能會更努力地工作以避免失敗。)”可知，該企業(yè)的例子證明了對失敗的恐懼感還是很復(fù)雜的。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Whatmotivatesyoutoworkorstudyharder?Isitthethoughtofsuccessandalltheamazingthingsthatyoucanachieve,orisitthefearoffailureandworryaboutallthethingsthatcangowrongforyou?Leaders,managers,andteachershaveoftenusedoneoftheseideastoinspirepeopletoworkharderandachievemore.Butisonebetterthantheother?(是什么激勵你更加努力地工作或?qū)W習(xí)？是對成功的憧憬和你能實現(xiàn)的所有驚人的事情，還是對失敗的恐懼和對所有可能出錯的事情的擔(dān)憂？領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者、經(jīng)理和老師經(jīng)常使用這些想法來激勵人們更加努力地工作，取得更多的成就。但是一個比另一個好嗎？)”結(jié)合文章主要圍繞對于失敗的恐懼感是否能激勵學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)動力、是否能鼓勵企業(yè)的進步和發(fā)展這一議題，分析了它的復(fù)雜性?？赏浦?，作者寫這篇文章的目的是闡明動機和害怕失敗之間的聯(lián)系。故選B。DThefirstmouthfulof“cultivated”meatisbothremarkableanddull.InahomelykitchenattheCaliforniaheadquartersofEatJust,astartup,acardsizedsliceofmeat,servedwithasweetpotatopuree,mushroomsandsomepickledpeppers,hasbeengrilled.Themealisremarkablebecausethemeatwasgrowninalab.Itisordinarybecausethetexture,taste,lookandsmellofthemeatisalmostidenticaltothatofchicken.Broadlyspeaking,therearetwowaystomakecultivatedmeat.Oneoptionistoputthecellsinastainlesssteeltank,calleda“bioreactor,”whichisfilledwithanutrientrichliquidthatisoftenfromcowembryos(胚胎).Thecellsmultiply,andafteramonthorsoameatyslurrycanbeharvestedandturnedintomincedmeatproductssuchaschickennuggets(雞塊).Thealternativeistoplacethecellsonaframe.Thatencouragesthemtogrowintoacertainshape,andisusedtocreatemorefibrousmeat,suchassteaks.Thecultivatedmeatbusinesshopesthatthisexperiencewillbeemoremon.InJune,EatJustandUpsideFoods,becamethefirsttwopaniestowinregulatoryapprovaltosellcultivatedmeatinAmerica.AhandfuloffirmsalreadydosoinSingapore.Intotal,around160firmsaretryingtobringcultivatedmeatstomarket.Butdoingsowillbechallenging.InAmerica,dinerswithoutthebenefitofapresscardcanfindcultivatedmeatinjusttworestaurants.Yearsagotheindustrywasbullish.McKinseyguesseditmightgrowto$25billionworldwidebytheendofthedecade.Butthathopeisfading.Mostpaniesarenowmorefocusedonproducinghybridmeats,whichbinecultivatedanimalproteinwithproteinfromplantssuchassoyaorwheatbecauseofstubbornlyhighcostsandtroubleswithmassproduction.Insomerichcountries,plentyofpeoplesaytheywanttoreducetheirconsumption,etherforethicalreasonsorenvironmentalones.Labgrownmeatmay,forsomeconsumers,belessethicallyworrisomethaneatinganimals.Andtheearlysuccessofplantbasedmeatalternativesgaveinvestorshope.Earlierthisyear,VowFood,anAustralianstartup,createda“mammothmeatball”,mixingancientDNArecoveredfromfrozenmammothremainswiththatofmoderndayelephants.12.WhichkindoflabgrownmeatdoesEatJustserve?A.Beefsteak. B.Chickennuggets. C.Mammothmeatball. D.Achickenlikemeatdish.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bullish”inparagraph4mean?A.Gloomy. B.Pessimistic. C.Promising. D.Depressing.14.Whydopaniesexplorehybridmeasbiningplantandanimalproteins?A.Becauseofthemucheasierwaytocookhybridmeats.B.Becauseoftheremarkablyenhancedflavorandtexture.C.Becauseofthefiercepetitionwithtraditionalmeatpanies.D.Becauseofhighcostsandproductionchallengesofcultivatedmeat.15.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.Anewcuisinewilltaketheplaceoftraditionaldishes，B.Adebateaboutmoralissuesisarousedbylabgrownmeat.C.Willlabgrownmeatevermakeitontosupermarketshelves?D.Howisthelabgrownmeatmadetocaterforpeople’sdemand?【答案】12.D13.C14.D15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。主要介紹了實驗室培育肉類的現(xiàn)狀、挑戰(zhàn)以及未來發(fā)展趨勢，探討了實驗室培育肉類能否登上超市貨架的這一問題?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“InahomelykitchenattheCaliforniaheadquartersofEatJust,astartup,acardsizedsliceofmeat,servedwithasweetpotatopuree,mushroomsandsomepickledpeppers,hasbeengrilled.Themealisremarkablebecausethemeatwasgrowninalab.Itisordinarybecausethetexture,taste,lookandsmellofthemeatisalmostidenticaltothatofchicken.(在初創(chuàng)公司EatJust加州總部的一間簡陋的廚房里，一塊卡片大小的肉，配上紅薯泥、蘑菇和一些腌辣椒，已經(jīng)烤好了。這頓飯很特別，因為肉是在實驗室里培養(yǎng)出來的。它是普通的，因為肉的質(zhì)地、味道、外觀和氣味幾乎與雞肉相同。)”可知，EatJust公司賣的是一種吃起來很像雞肉的實驗室培育肉。故選D?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“McKinseyguesseditmightgrowto$25billionworldwidebytheendofthedecade.Butthathopeisfading.(麥肯錫估計，到本世紀末，全球范圍內(nèi)的這一數(shù)字可能會增長到250億美元。但這種希望正在消退。)”可知，幾年前，這個行業(yè)還很樂觀。故bullish為“前景好的，樂觀的”意思。故選C。【14題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Butthathopeisfading.Mostpaniesarenowmorefocusedonproducinghybridmeats,whichbinecultivatedanimalproteinwithproteinfromplantssuchassoyaorwheatbecauseofstubbornlyhighcostsandtroubleswithmassproduction.(但這種希望正在消退。大多數(shù)公司現(xiàn)在更專注于生產(chǎn)雜交肉，將人工培育的動物蛋白與大豆或小麥等植物蛋白結(jié)合在一起，因為成本居高不下，而且大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)存在困難。)”可知，居高不下的成本和規(guī)?；a(chǎn)的麻煩使得大多數(shù)公司現(xiàn)在更專注于生產(chǎn)雜交肉。故選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Thefirstmouthfulof“cultivated”meatisbothremarkableanddull.(第一口“人工培育”的肉既引人注目又沉悶。)”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了實驗室培育肉類的現(xiàn)狀、挑戰(zhàn)以及未來發(fā)展趨勢，探討了實驗室培育肉類能否登上超市貨架的這一問題。C選項“實驗室培育的肉會出現(xiàn)在超市貨架上嗎？”最符合文章標題。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Flashfictionisanameforshortstoriesthatarekeptwithinaspecificwordorcharacterlimit,usuallyupto1,500words._____16_____.It’saboutfindingcleverwaystokeepasmuchdetailaspossibleabouttheplot,charactersandsettingbutinthefewestwordspossible.Usethesefourtoptipstohelpyouwriteyourownfascinatingflashfiction.●____17____Whenplanningaflashfictionstoryyoufirstneedtodecidewhataretheimportantpartsofthestorythatthereaderjustcannotmiss.Thismightbeafewmomentsfromthebeginning,middleandend.Onceyouhavethese,thenanyextradetailcaneitherbecutawayoraddedin—ifitmakesthestorybetterandthewordlimitallows.●DevelopcharactersusingadverbsGoodflashfictionhaswelldevelopedcharacterswhohavepersonalitiesandfaults.Youcantakeoutlongdescriptionsofyourcharactersandreplacethemwiththeoccasionaladverbtohelpthereaderunderstandthecharacters’movementsandbehaviour.Adverbsarewordsthatdescribeverbs.____18____.Examplesofadverbsinclude,“Theprincestaredangrilyandmarchedawkwardlybacktohishorse.”●UseclausestoaddcolouranddetailClausesadddetailtosentenceswithoutaddingtoomanywords.____19____.Thisisasectionofasentencestartingwithwhich,who,when,where,etc.Forexample,“Theair,whichsmeltoforanges...”Becarefulnottomakesentencestoolong,though,andtakeoutanyclausesthatdon’taddanythingtothestory.●bineyoursentences____20____.Forexample:Marywasupsetshehadschoolandtookhershoesoff.SheslumpedonthesofaandflickedontheTV.Itwasgoingtobealongdayandshewasnervousaboutmeetingthenewheadteacher.Thisbees;MaryslumpedinfrontoftheTV,tookoffhershoesanddecidedshewastoonervousforschool.A.PracticetomakeitperfectB.PlancarefullybeforewritingC.WritingflashfictiontakesskillD.YoucouldusearelativeclauseE.VerbsarewordsthatdescribephysicalormentalactionsandstatesofbeingF.TrydoingthisbypickingafewthingsandputtingthemintoashortersentenceG.TheyhavedifferentfunctionsfromotherwordsusedinflashfictioninEnglish【答案】16.C17.B18.E19.D20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了微型小說的四個寫作技巧。【16題詳解】根據(jù)下文“It’saboutfindingcleverwaystokeepasmuchdetailaspossibleabouttheplot,charactersandsettingbutinthefewestwordspossible.”（這是關(guān)于找到一種巧妙的方法，在盡可能少的文字中保留盡可能多的關(guān)于情節(jié)、人物和背景的細節(jié)。）可知，提到寫微型小說的總體技巧是找到一種巧妙的方法。結(jié)合選項C項Writingflashfictiontakesskill.（寫短篇小說需要技巧。）和下文意思緊密連接，從而引出下文，符合語境，故選C項。【17題詳解】由該題為段落小標題可知，為總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。該段下文“Whenplanningaflashfictionstoryyoufirstneedtodecidewhataretheimportantpartsofthestorythatthereaderjustcannotmiss.Thismightbeafewmomentsfromthebeginning,middleandend.Onceyouhavethese,thenanyextradetailcaneitherbecutawayoraddedin—ifitmakesthestorybetterandthewordlimitallows.”（在構(gòu)思一個短篇小說故事時，你首先需要確定故事中哪些重要的部分是讀者不能錯過的，這可能是從開頭、中間到結(jié)尾的幾個時刻。一旦你有了這些，那么任何額外的細節(jié)都可以被刪減或添加——如果它能讓故事變得更好，并且字數(shù)限制允許的話。）可知，主要講的是寫微型小說的技巧之一：規(guī)劃。結(jié)合選項B項Plancarefullybeforewriting（寫作前仔細計劃）意思一致，為總結(jié)該段內(nèi)容。故選B項?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Youcantakeoutlongdescriptionsofyourcharactersandreplacethemwiththeoccasionaladverbtohelpthereaderunderstandthecharacters’movementsandbehaviour.Adverbsarewordsthatdescribeverbs.”（你可以去掉對人物的冗長描述，用偶爾的副詞代替，幫助讀者理解人物的動作和行為。副詞是用來描述動詞的詞。）可知，講的是副詞修飾動詞這一功能，由此可知，緊接著就應(yīng)該介紹動詞的功能。結(jié)合選項E項Verbsarewordsthatdescribephysicalormentalactionsandstatesofbeing.（動詞是描述身體或精神活動和存在狀態(tài)的詞匯。）符合此推斷，上下文語意連貫，符合語境。故選E項。【19題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Clausesadddetailtosentenceswithoutaddingtoomanywords.”（從句在不增加過多單詞的情況下增加了句子的細節(jié)。）以及下文“Thisisasectionofasentencestartingwithwhich,who,when,where,etc.”（這是句子的一部分，以which,who,when,where等開頭。）可知，該段主要講的是使用從句給小說增色的這一技巧。結(jié)合選項D項Youcouldusearelativeclause.（你可以用關(guān)系從句。）和該段主旨意思一致，起到上下文的承上啟下作用。故選D項?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)該段標題“bineyoursentences”（組合句子）以及下文“Forexample:Marywasupsetshehadschoolandtookhershoesoff.SheslumpedonthesofaandflickedontheTV.Itwasgoingtobealongdayandshewasnervousaboutmeetingthenewheadteacher.Thisbees;MaryslumpedinfrontoftheTV,tookoffhershoesanddecidedshewastoonervousforschool.”（例如:瑪麗因為要上學(xué)而心煩意亂，于是把鞋子脫了。她癱倒在沙發(fā)上，打開電視。這將是漫長的一天，她對見到新校長感到緊張。這就變成了；瑪麗癱坐在電視機前，脫下鞋子，覺得自己太緊張了，不適合上學(xué)。）可知，這一段落主要介紹了寫微型小說之整合句子的技巧。結(jié)合選項F項Trydoingthisbypickingafewthingsandputtingthemintoashortersentence.（試著選擇一些東西，把它們放在一個更短的句子里。）就是在介紹如何整合句子，上下文緊密連接，符合語境。故選F項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。AloneButNotLonelyIwalkedintoPaneraandplacedmyorder.AfterIpaidandfilledmyplasticcupwithwater,Iwalkedtofinda____21____.AsIsatdown,I____22____thatatthetablenexttome,therewasanoldermaneatinghissoupalone.Thechairinfrontofhimwasempty;hewasn’t____23____theseat.Hewasgenuinelyeatingallalone.Asthisfactsettledin,afeelingofsadnessbeganto____24____me.Washelonely?Didhewantsomeonetokeephimpany?Thiswasn’tthefirsttimeIdfeltsadwhenInoticedsomeoneeatingalone.Idon’tlikebeingaloneverymuch.____25____,Idon’tlikeseeingpeopleeatalone.Iautomatically____26____they’relonelyandneedsomeonetobethereforthem.Forsomereason,eatingwithotherpeopleisthe____27____.Modernsocietyhas____28____tothepointwheremostpeopleeatwithothersanddoalmosteveryactivitytogether.Butisitpossiblewejustdon’twantto____29____lonely?Forme,it’seasytofeelpressuredtobealone____30____seeeveryoneelsearoundme____31____byafriend.Somanypeoplearealwaysaroundsomeoneelse,andthatmaymakepeoplethinkwealwaysneedsomeonewithustofeel____32____aboutourselves.Butthat’snottrue.Wecanenjoybeingaloneandweshouldn’tbe____33____toeataloneifthat’swhatwewanttodo.Ultimately,ifseeingsomeoneeatingalone,I’llbearinmindthatmaybetheyjustwanta____34____fromtheworld,ormaybetheypreferitthatway.It’simportanttorealizeseeingsomeonedoingsomethingalonedoesn’talways____35____they’relonely.21.A.spot B.mat C.seat D.man22.A.suspected B.noticed C.assessed D.predicted23.A.finding B.booking C.taking D.saving24.A.callfor B.turndown C.washover D.appealto25.A.Therefore B.However C.Anyhow D.Nevertheless26.A.appreciate B.insist C.advocate D.assume27.A.norm B.sacrifice C.bonus D.dilemma28.A.extended B.evolved C.fallen D.pared29.A.sound B.turn C.appear D.prove30.A.when B.although C.unless D.until31.A.disturbed B.acpanied C.tracked D.envied32.A.lonelier B.worse C.calmer D.better33.A.thrilled B.afraid C.inspired D.pleased34.A.wonder B.promise C.favor D.break35.A.announce B.stress C.mean D.reveal【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.C25.A26.D27.A28.B29.C30.A31.B32.D33.B34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要說明了作者看到一個老人單獨吃飯，開始反思單獨一個人并不意味著孤獨，我們可以享受獨處，我們不應(yīng)該害怕獨自吃飯，如果這是我們想做的。重要的是要意識到，看到某人獨自做某事并不總是意味著他們孤獨?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我付了錢，把我的塑料杯裝滿水后，我走著找了個座位。A.spot地點；B.mat地墊；C.seat座位；D.man人。根據(jù)后文“AsIsatdown”指作者在找座位。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我坐下時，我注意到鄰桌有一位老人在獨自喝湯。A.suspected懷疑；B.noti