高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)精講六定語(yǔ)從句

學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載高考語(yǔ)法定語(yǔ)從句精講一個(gè)句子充當(dāng)了定語(yǔ)，那么這個(gè)句子就叫定語(yǔ)從句?？梢猿洚?dāng)定語(yǔ)的1adj.abeautifulgirl2n.Anappletree3介詞短語(yǔ)agirlinred.4非謂語(yǔ)doing表主動(dòng)，表進(jìn)行done表被動(dòng)，表完成todo表目的，表將來(lái)非謂語(yǔ)作前置定語(yǔ)afallingleaf一片正在飄落的葉子Afallenleaf一片已經(jīng)飄落的葉子非謂語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)agirlspeakingfrench.AfilmcalledTatanicThemeetingtobeheldin3hoursisveryimportant.定語(yǔ)從句：heisamanwhocomesfromEngland.先行詞關(guān)系詞從句關(guān)系詞：關(guān)系代詞:whichthatwhowhomaswhose關(guān)系副詞:whenwherewhy關(guān)系代詞指代定語(yǔ)從句成分可否省略who人主,賓關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略whom人賓whose人，物（的）定+名詞which物主，賓that人，物主，賓as人，物主，賓關(guān)系副詞指代定語(yǔ)從句成分可否省略when時(shí)間介詞+which做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)不可省略where地點(diǎn)介詞+which做地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)why原因for+which做原因狀語(yǔ)填寫關(guān)系詞的三個(gè)步驟1先確定定語(yǔ)從句部分2找先行詞3把先行詞帶入定語(yǔ)從句中，看其在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)什么成分，然后在根據(jù)具體情況填入關(guān)系詞。詳解一、當(dāng)先行詞是人時(shí)且先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，用who/that且先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),whom/that/不填/who且先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，用whoseEgsheisagirl_________speaksfrench.Igiveanappletoher________everyonelikesverymuch.Wealllikethegirl_______frenchspeaksverywell.二當(dāng)先行詞是物時(shí)且先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，用which/that且先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，用which/that/不填且先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，用whose.Eg.Ican’tfindmypen_________ismyfavorite.Ilikethecake_________mymothermadethismorning.Iliketheroom_______windowsfacesouth.三關(guān)系副詞when/where/why=介詞+which（在定語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)）（at10o’clock,intheroom,forthisreason,inthisway）時(shí)間Iwon’tforgetthedays_______westudiedtogether.Iwon’tforgettheday_______wespenttogether.地點(diǎn)Ivisitedthefactory________myfatherworkedtenyearsago.Myfatherworksinafactory_______ivisitedlastweek.原因Idon’tacceptthereason_______hegiveme.Thisisthereason_______heislateforschool.Thisisthereason_______Idon’taccept.Thisisthereason_______isunreasonable.(不合理的)四介詞+關(guān)系詞先行詞是人，介詞+whom,先行詞是物，介詞+which附:介詞后面不能用that逗號(hào)后面不能用that介詞后面不能用whoEg物Iboughtthreebooks,twoof_____arestorybooksIboughtthreebooks,andtwoof_____arestorybooks.AwhichBthemCthatD不填人Herecomesfivegirls,twoof______aremyfriendsHerecomesfivegirls,andtwoof_____aremyfriendsinAwhomBWhoCthemDwhich五先行詞是物時(shí)，只能用that的情況（不能用which）1當(dāng)先行詞是all,little,much,more,everything,anything,nothing等不定代詞時(shí)EgTomtoldhismotherall_____hadhappened.2當(dāng)先行詞本身是序數(shù)詞，形容詞最高級(jí)或者先行詞等這些詞修飾時(shí)Thisisthebestbook_____Ihaveeverread3當(dāng)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thelast,only,all,any,no修飾時(shí)Thisistheonlybook____icanfindIwanttoreadallthebooks____werewrittenbymary.4當(dāng)先行詞既是人又是物時(shí)Ioftenmeettomandhisdog_____lookfriendlytoeachother.5當(dāng)主句是以which/Who開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，為了避免重復(fù)，必須用thatWhichisthehotel____youlikebest?六定語(yǔ)從句中幾個(gè)特殊的詞Inwhich1way方式，方法InwhichIdon’tliketheway___isviolent.thatIdon’tliketheway_____hetellsmethatIdon’tliketheway______hespeakstome.不填不填2當(dāng)先行詞是表示抽象的模糊性的地點(diǎn)時(shí)，關(guān)系詞一般情況下用where/介詞+which,特殊情況下具體問(wèn)題具體分析。如point,stage,period,situation,activity,scene,case,spot,atmosphere.EgTomisattheturningpoint______hedoesn’tknowhowtochoosehislifeway.Idon’twanttofacethesituation_______isuncomfortableforme.Idon’twanttofacethesituation_____Ifeeluncomfortable.七限制性定語(yǔ)從句：不帶逗號(hào)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句：帶逗號(hào)，不能用that，不能有who代替whom,關(guān)系詞不能省八as和which1、在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中as指代代詞、名詞，常用于一些固定的結(jié)構(gòu)thesame...as,such....as,asmany/much....as.Which指代名詞，代詞，整個(gè)句子.2、在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中as指代整個(gè)句子；有正如......的意思，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句可以在主句之前、句中，句后。Which指代名詞，代詞，整個(gè)句子，沒(méi)有正如......的意思，引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句只能在主句后。Tomgavemeaninterestingstorybook,______ismyfavorite.____istheoftencase,Maryislateforschool._____isknownt