高考英語語法復習精講六定語從句

學習好資料歡迎下載學習好資料歡迎下載學習好資料歡迎下載高考語法定語從句精講一個句子充當了定語，那么這個句子就叫定語從句。可以充當定語的1adj.abeautifulgirl2n.Anappletree3介詞短語agirlinred.4非謂語doing表主動，表進行done表被動，表完成todo表目的，表將來非謂語作前置定語afallingleaf一片正在飄落的葉子Afallenleaf一片已經(jīng)飄落的葉子非謂語作后置定語agirlspeakingfrench.AfilmcalledTatanicThemeetingtobeheldin3hoursisveryimportant.定語從句：heisamanwhocomesfromEngland.先行詞關(guān)系詞從句關(guān)系詞：關(guān)系代詞:whichthatwhowhomaswhose關(guān)系副詞:whenwherewhy關(guān)系代詞指代定語從句成分可否省略who人主,賓關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語時可省略whom人賓whose人，物（的）定+名詞which物主，賓that人，物主，賓as人，物主，賓關(guān)系副詞指代定語從句成分可否省略when時間介詞+which做時間狀語不可省略where地點介詞+which做地點狀語why原因for+which做原因狀語填寫關(guān)系詞的三個步驟1先確定定語從句部分2找先行詞3把先行詞帶入定語從句中，看其在定語從句中充當什么成分，然后在根據(jù)具體情況填入關(guān)系詞。詳解一、當先行詞是人時且先行詞在定語從句中作主語時，用who/that且先行詞在定語從句中作賓語時,whom/that/不填/who且先行詞在定語從句中作定語時，用whoseEgsheisagirl_________speaksfrench.Igiveanappletoher________everyonelikesverymuch.Wealllikethegirl_______frenchspeaksverywell.二當先行詞是物時且先行詞在定語從句中作主語時，用which/that且先行詞在定語從句中作賓語時，用which/that/不填且先行詞在定語從句中作定語時，用whose.Eg.Ican’tfindmypen_________ismyfavorite.Ilikethecake_________mymothermadethismorning.Iliketheroom_______windowsfacesouth.三關(guān)系副詞when/where/why=介詞+which（在定語從句中作狀語）（at10o’clock,intheroom,forthisreason,inthisway）時間Iwon’tforgetthedays_______westudiedtogether.Iwon’tforgettheday_______wespenttogether.地點Ivisitedthefactory________myfatherworkedtenyearsago.Myfatherworksinafactory_______ivisitedlastweek.原因Idon’tacceptthereason_______hegiveme.Thisisthereason_______heislateforschool.Thisisthereason_______Idon’taccept.Thisisthereason_______isunreasonable.(不合理的)四介詞+關(guān)系詞先行詞是人，介詞+whom,先行詞是物，介詞+which附:介詞后面不能用that逗號后面不能用that介詞后面不能用whoEg物Iboughtthreebooks,twoof_____arestorybooksIboughtthreebooks,andtwoof_____arestorybooks.AwhichBthemCthatD不填人Herecomesfivegirls,twoof______aremyfriendsHerecomesfivegirls,andtwoof_____aremyfriendsinAwhomBWhoCthemDwhich五先行詞是物時，只能用that的情況（不能用which）1當先行詞是all,little,much,more,everything,anything,nothing等不定代詞時EgTomtoldhismotherall_____hadhappened.2當先行詞本身是序數(shù)詞，形容詞最高級或者先行詞等這些詞修飾時Thisisthebestbook_____Ihaveeverread3當先行詞被theonly,thevery,thelast,only,all,any,no修飾時Thisistheonlybook____icanfindIwanttoreadallthebooks____werewrittenbymary.4當先行詞既是人又是物時Ioftenmeettomandhisdog_____lookfriendlytoeachother.5當主句是以which/Who開頭的特殊疑問句時，為了避免重復，必須用thatWhichisthehotel____youlikebest?六定語從句中幾個特殊的詞Inwhich1way方式，方法InwhichIdon’tliketheway___isviolent.thatIdon’tliketheway_____hetellsmethatIdon’tliketheway______hespeakstome.不填不填2當先行詞是表示抽象的模糊性的地點時，關(guān)系詞一般情況下用where/介詞+which,特殊情況下具體問題具體分析。如point,stage,period,situation,activity,scene,case,spot,atmosphere.EgTomisattheturningpoint______hedoesn’tknowhowtochoosehislifeway.Idon’twanttofacethesituation_______isuncomfortableforme.Idon’twanttofacethesituation_____Ifeeluncomfortable.七限制性定語從句：不帶逗號非限制性定語從句：帶逗號，不能用that，不能有who代替whom,關(guān)系詞不能省八as和which1、在限制性定語從句中as指代代詞、名詞，常用于一些固定的結(jié)構(gòu)thesame...as,such....as,asmany/much....as.Which指代名詞，代詞，整個句子.2、在非限制性定語從句中as指代整個句子；有正如......的意思，引導定語從句可以在主句之前、句中，句后。Which指代名詞，代詞，整個句子，沒有正如......的意思，引導的定語從句只能在主句后。Tomgavemeaninterestingstorybook,______ismyfavorite.____istheoftencase,Maryislateforschool._____isknownt