2024-2025學年新教材高中英語Unit1ScienceFictionLearningAboutLanguage素養(yǎng)作業(yè)含解析新人教版選擇性必修第四冊

PAGEUnit1ScienceFictionLearningAboutLanguageⅠ.單句語法填空1.Thisstorywasoriginally(origin)writtenbyfamoussciencefictionwriterIsaacAsimov.2.Thenewstylerobotwillbetested(test)outinClaire’shouse.

3.Whenherhusbandwasawayonbusiness,Clairewaslooked(look)afterbyarobotthatlookedlikesohuman.

4.Clairethoughtitwasridiculousthatshewas(being)offered(offer)sympathybyarobot,butshegraduallybegantotrusthim.

5.Manybookshavebeenscanned(scan)byTonysincehecametoClaire’shouse.

6.Whenthesaleswomanwasrudetoher,ClairerangTonyandtoldhimthatshewasbeingtreated(treat)badly.

7.Howawfulitwastobediscovered(discover)talkingtoamanbyGladysClaffern!

8.Itwasexpected(expect)thatthehouse,whichwasbeingcompletelytransformed,wouldbereadythenextday.

9.Withthenovelbeingtranslated/translated(translate)intomanyforeignlanguages,itbecameworldfamous.

10.Theenvironmentalproblemwasbeingdiscussed(discuss)atthemeetingwhenIwalkedintheroom.

Ⅱ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.PeoplesaythatMaryShelleyisoneofthefirstfictionwritersinEnglishliterature.→ItissaidthatMaryShelleyisoneofthefirstfictionwritersinEnglishliterature.

2.IhavereadmostofMoYan’snovels.→IhavereadmostofthenovelswrittenbyMoYan.

3.Thepolicemantellsthechildrennottoplayinthestreet.→Thechildrenaretoldbythepolicemannottoplayinthestreet.

4.Dotheyplanttreesinandaroundourcityeveryyear?→Aretreesplantedbytheminandaroundourcityeveryyear?

5.ApainfulaccidentinspiredKaleyCuocotomakebeautifulmusicforhomelessanimals.→KaleyCuocowasinspiredbyapainfulaccidenttomakebeautifulmusicforhomelessanimals.

6.In1849peoplediscoveredgoldinCaliforniainthemountainsnearSanFranciscoandsostartedthefamousGoldRush.→In1849goldwasdiscoveredinCaliforniainthemountainsnearSanFranciscoandsostartedthefamousGoldRush.

7.OurEnglishteachercaughthimcheatingintheexamination.→HewascaughtcheatingbyourEnglishteacherintheexamination.

8.ManypeopleintheworldspeakEnglish.→Englishisspokenbymanypeopleintheworld.

Ⅰ.閱讀理解Wanttogetyourpackagedeliveredviarobots?Nowthere’sanappforthat.IfyouliveinWashingtonD.C.,orRedwood,youmayhaveglimpsedasmall,boxyrobotrollingalongalocalsidewalk,mindingitsownbusiness,butattractingtheattentionofmanycuriousonlookers.TheautonomousmachineswerepartofapilotprogramlastyearbyStarshipTechnologiesfocusingondeliveringmealsfromlocalrestaurantsindozensofcitiesaroundtheworld.Thisweek,thecompanyunveiledplanstobroadenitsdeliveryservicebeyondfoodtoincludepackage,amovethatledittodeclareitself“theworld’sfirstrobotpackagedeliveryservice”.Thenexttimeyouorderfood,thiscuterobotmightrolluptodeliverit.Thepackagedeliveryserviceisnotavailabletoeveryoneyet.Thewheeledrobotshaveatopspeedof4mphandcandetectobstaclesfrom30feetaway.“Therobotcanoperatethroughanything,”NickHandrick,headofoperationsforStarship’sD.C.office,said,“Ifyouhadsomethingintheway—astick—it’sabletoclimbsticks.”Tosignupfortheservice,whichcostsalittlemorethan$10permonth,customersneedtodownloadthecompany’sapp.Customersthencreatea“StarshipDeliveryAddress”,auniqueaddressinsideaStarshipfacility,wheretheycanhavepackagesentfromplacessuchasAmazon.com.OnceapackageisdeliveredtotheStarshipaddress,customersreceiveatextnotificationthatallowsthemtoscheduleahomedeliveryviarobot.Therobotsareopenedbycustomersviaamobilephonecode.Barriersexistforroboticgrounddelivery,withmanystatesrequiringthathumansbeincontrolofdeliveryrobots.Thoseregulationshaven’tstoppedStarshipTechnologiesfromaccumulatingexperienceonstreetsaroundtheglobeaheadofthecompany’slatestlaunch.Thecompanysaysitsrobotshavecoveredmorethan125,000milesinmorethan100citiesin20countries.【文章大意】這是一篇說明文。文章講解并描述了StarshipTechnologies公司開發(fā)一項由機器人送貨的服務(wù),從最初的送餐服務(wù)到試點送包袱服務(wù)。1.Whatcanweknowabouttheroboticdelivery?A.ItispartofatrialprojectbyStarshipTechnologies.B.Theroboticdeliveryisavailabletoeveryoneatpresent.C.Youcanusetheservicefreeofchargeviasmartphones.D.Therobotsareopenedbycustomerswithatextnotification.【解析】選A。推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段第一句可知,這些自動機器是去年星際飛船技術(shù)公司試點項目的一部分,該項目專注于從全球數(shù)十個城市的當?shù)夭宛^供應(yīng)飯菜。故選A。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“unveiled”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Revised. B.Released.C.Restored. D.Reset.【解析】選B。詞義揣測題。依據(jù)其次段“這些自動機器是去年星際飛船技術(shù)公司試點項目的一部分,該項目專注于從全球數(shù)十個城市的當?shù)夭宛^供應(yīng)飯菜?！笨芍?之前的這個安排只是試點項目,沒有完全鋪開。但是這一周,為了擴大送貨范圍,這個安排被公布了。故選B。3.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thegoodnewsoftheservice.B.Howtheroboticdeliveryworks.C.Thedisadvantagesoftheroboticdelivery.D.Roboticdeliverydevelopsdespitechallenges.【解析】選D。主旨大意題。依據(jù)最終一段第一句以及最終一句可知,機器人地面運輸存在障礙,很多州要求由人類限制運輸機器人,但盡管如此,他們的機器人已經(jīng)在20個國家的100多個城市行駛了超過12.5萬英里。所以本段主要講了盡管這項服務(wù)存在挑戰(zhàn)但也是在向前發(fā)展。故選D。4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.NewRobotWasInventedB.WheellessRobotsAreontheWayC.HowRobotsDeliverPackagesD.PackagesWillBeDeliveredbyRobots【解析】選D。主旨大意題。依據(jù)文章第一段Wanttogetyourpackagedeliveredviarobots?(你想通過機器人把包袱送到嗎?)以及所提及的“在華盛頓特區(qū)或紅杉區(qū)(Redwood),你可能會瞥見一個四四方方的小機器人在當?shù)氐娜诵械郎蠞L動,運輸包袱,”可知,文章就是圍繞機器人送包袱所綻開的。后文又補充,機器人送包袱這項服務(wù)已經(jīng)被公布且詳細實施。最終也提及,雖然遇到挑戰(zhàn),但是也在接著向前發(fā)展。故選D。Ⅱ.完形填空OnedayIwassleepinginmychairwhenIwokeuptothesoundofacarcrash.Isatupandlooked1outmywindow.Acrossthestreet,acarhadjustbackedintoachain-linkfence.Thecarmusthavebeenmovingfast,2itwasinbadshape.Thefencewasbentoutexactlythe3ofthecar’sbackend.

Iwatchedthedrivergetoutofthecar.Afterafewsecondsof4thedamage,themantriedtoputthefencebackintotheplace.Hisfirstattemptfailedandhetriedalittleharder.Hegrabbeditsverticalsupportpoleandpulledagainstitwithhisfull5.Thepolesuddenly6andthemanfellhardontotheground.Theentirefencefellontopofhim,andoneofhisshoes7andlanded10feetawayonthesidewalk.

Ilaughedoutloud.Theman’sfailurewas8mywholeday.Heclimbedoutfromunderthe9fenceandwentbacktotheapartmentbuilding.

That,Ithought,wouldbethe10ofit.Themanwasgoingtoleaveallthechaosbehindforsomeoneelseto11.However,theman12afewminuteslaterwithsometools.Forthenexthour,I13outmywindowashedoggedlyfixedthefenceandevenimprovedit.Nowthefencewouldbeextrasecure,strongerthanbefore.

ThismanwasactuallyaheroandIwasembarrassedbymy14judgments.Yearslater,Istilllookoutmywindowatthatfencealmosteveryday.Itmakesme15whatelsethatmanhasimproved,andhowIcanmakemyselfmorelikehim.

【文章大意】本文是記敘文。講解并描述作者目睹了一場車禍,出事的車輛把柵欄撞壞了,司機堅持修好柵欄。作者本以為司機起先修不好就放棄了,后來司機堅持修好了柵欄,作者因為自己的不公允推斷感到很尷尬,認為司機是一個英雄,自己應(yīng)當向他學習。1.A.gradually B.especiallyC.immediately D.generally【解析】選C。gradually漸漸地;especially尤其,特殊地;immediately馬上;generally一般地。依據(jù)上文Iwokeuptothesoundofacarcrash可知,我被車禍中聲驚醒,因此我馬上坐起來向窗外看,故選C。2.A.until B.becauseC.if D.although【解析】選B。句意:這輛車肯定跑得很快,因為它已經(jīng)變形了。依據(jù)上下文推斷,前后文是因果關(guān)系。故選B。3.A.beginning B.directionC.center D.shape【解析】選D。依據(jù)上文可知,車被撞變形,因此推斷,被撞的柵欄彎出了一個車尾部的形態(tài)。故選D。4.A.assessing B.mentioningC.limiting D.avoiding【解析】選A。上文說柵欄被撞出了一個車尾部的形態(tài),結(jié)合下文themantriedtoputthefencebackintotheplace可知,評估以后,司機企圖把柵欄復原原形。故選A。5.A.equipment B.sightC.wisdom D.weight【解析】選D。equipment設(shè)備;sight視野;wisdom才智;weight重量。依據(jù)上文Hegrabbeditsverticalsupportpoleandpulledagainstit可知,司機用全部的重量拉柵欄。故選D。6.A.broke B.burntC.lightened D.rose【解析】選A。依據(jù)下文themanfellhardontotheground可知,這個人摔到了地上,因此桿子斷了。故選A。7.A.movedon B.passedbyC.flewoff D.turnedup【解析】選C。moveon接著前進;passby經(jīng)過;flyoff飛出;turnup出現(xiàn)。依據(jù)下文landed10feetawayonthesidewalk可知,鞋子飛了出去。故選C。8.A.wasting B.brighteningC.completing D.controlling【解析】選B。waste奢侈;brighten使發(fā)亮;使歡樂;complete完成;control限制。依據(jù)上文Ilaughedoutloud.可知,那一天我很歡樂。故選B。9.A.fallen B.hiddenC.locked D.related【解析】選A。依據(jù)上文Theentirefencefellontopofhim可知,柵欄倒塌了。故選A。10.A.plan B.formC.cause D.end【解析】選D。依據(jù)下文However,themanafewminuteslaterwithsometools.可知,我認為這件事就這樣結(jié)束,然而這個人幾分鐘后帶著工具又回來了,故選D。

11.A.giveaway B.cleanupC.learnfrom D.referto【解析】選B。giveaway泄露;cleanup打掃;清理;learnfrom向……學習;referto涉及;指的是。依據(jù)leaveallthechaosbehindforsomeoneelse可知,留給別人清理全部的混亂。故選B。12.A.quitted B.hesitatedC.approved D.appeared【解析】選D。quit離開;放棄;hesitate遲疑;approve贊成;同意;appear出現(xiàn)。依據(jù)下文ashedoggedlyfixedthefenceandevenimprovedit可知,這個人又出現(xiàn)了。故選D。13.A.worked B.countedC.watched D.guessed【解析】選C。work工作;count計算;watch觀看;guess揣測。依據(jù)outmywindow可知,我看著窗外,看到這個人始終在修柵欄。故選C。14.A.unbalanced B.uncertainC.unfair D.unhurried【解析】選C。unbalanced不平衡的;uncertain不確定的;unfair不公允的;unhurried鎮(zhèn)定自若的。依據(jù)上文提到的ThismanwasactuallyaheroandIwasembarrassed可知,我因為我不公允的推斷感到尷尬。故選C。15.A.wonder B.observeC.explain D.challenge【解析】選A。句意:它讓我想知道那個人還有什么進步,我如何才能讓自己更像他。wonder想知道;驚異;observe視察;explain說明;challenge挑戰(zhàn)。依據(jù)下文提的兩個疑問whatelsethatmanhasimproved,andhowIcanmakemyselfmorelikehim可知,我想知道這個人還能取得什么別的進步,我如何更像他。故選A。Ⅲ.語法填空OnMay9,JamesGivenswassittinginthecarwhenhe1.(hear)whatsoundedlikeaknock.Heturnedaroundonly2.(find)agoosepecking(啄)atthecardoor.Thiswashighlyunusualgiventhatthebirdsnormallypreferredtoobservehumansfroma3.(distant).

Butonthisday,thegooseappearedtobedeterminedtogethisattentionanddidn’tstoppecking4.Givensopenedthecardoorandsteppedout.Thoughthebirdthenbegantowalkaway,5.keptturningaroundtomakesurehewasfollowing.Whentheyfinallystopped,Givensrealized6.themothergoosedidsosheneededhelptofreeherbabygoosethathadgot7.(trap)insomeballoonstring.

Worriedthatthemothergoosewouldattackhimifhegotclose8.thebaby,GivenscalledthelocalSPCAchapter.Unfortunately,theywere9.(able)tohelprightaway.Concernedthatthebabygoo