吉林省部分學(xué)校2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期10月月考英語試題

20242025學(xué)年度上學(xué)期第一次月考高一英語試題本試卷分選擇題和非選擇題兩部分，共76題，共150分，共5頁?？荚嚂r(shí)間為120分鐘?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，只交答題卡。第I卷選擇題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthemangoingtodotonight?A.Togotoabirthdayparty.B.TovisitNancy.C.Togototheairport.2.Whydoesthegirlwanttobuyaclock?A.Shehastroublewakingup.BShewantstobuysomeoneagift.C.Herwatchisbroken.3.WheredidthewomanstaywhileshewasinAlaska?A.Shestayedinthelocal’shouse.B.Shestayedinahotelwithherfriends.C.Shecampednearthemountains.4.WhatdidthemanaskJustintodo?A.Borrowsomemagazinesforhim.B.Bringsomemagazinestohim.C.Refertosomemagazinestofinishhisdesign.5Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Abook.B.Afilm.C.Awriter.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhendidthewomangettotheFriendshipHotel?A.Ataquarterpast11.B.At11.C.Ataquarterto11.7.Whatdoweknowabouttheconversation?A.It’stherushhourwhenthewomangotintothetaxi.B.Thedriverwouldgettoanotherhotel.C.Thedrivergavethewomanalift.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdoyouthinkmaybethetwospeakers?A.Doctors.B.Patients.C.Basketballplayers.9.Whatdoyouknowabouttheirleader?A.Hehasgotbirdflu.B.Hemissedtheimportantmatch.C.Hehasalreadyetolife.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatdoyouknowabouttheman?A.Heisaforeigner.B.Hedoesn’tlikeoperasomuch.C.Heknowsmuchaboutopera.11.WhatwilltheydotoenjoyBeijingOpera?A.Bookthetickets.B.Callthetheater.C.GotoChang’anGrandTheatre.12.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofWhiteSnake?A.Atraditionalplay.B.Amovingplay.C.ThebestBeijingOpera.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhathappenedtoMrYang?A.Hewonthemarathon.B.Helostweight.C.Hebecameasoccerteammember.14.HowmanyhoursdoesMrYangdosportseachweek?A.10hours.B.12hours.C.14hours.15.WhichsportdoesMrYangthinkischeapandrelaxing?A.Boxing.B.Swimming.C.Cycling.16.WhatdoesMrYangthinkofsoccer?A.It’sinteresting,excitingandfast.B.It’sfun,fastandgoodformanythings.C.It’sinteresting,excitingandgoodforbreathing.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atabusstop.B.Atatrainstation.C.Atanairport.18.Howoldisthechild?A.Morethantwoyearsold.B.Twoyearsold.C.Undertwoyearsold.19.Whydoesthepassengerwanttowalkherdaughter?A.Tomeethercuriosity.B.Tomakeherfeelathome.C.Tokilltime.20.Whatdoyoulearnfromtheconversation?A.Themanisgoingtoseehermother.B.Theassistantgavethemconvenience.C.Theassistanthelpedthemcarrytheluggage.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AParisisoneofthemostvisiteddestinationsintheworld.Therearelotstoexploreandthere’sdeliciousfoodoneverycorner.ArelaxingtriptoParistakesalittlebitofplanning.Herearesometipsforyoutomakeyourtripsmooth.PlanningyourtripHaveavalidpassportforinternationaltravel.Apassportcosts$110andtakes68weekstoarriveafteryouapply.BookingFlightsThecheapestmonthtoflyisMarch,especiallyifyoucanleaveonaMonday,Tuesday,orWednesday.You’llsaveevenmoremoneybybookingaround90daysinadvance.Inthesummermonths,ticketswillbemoreexpensivenomatterwhenyoubook.EnjoyingYourTime·VisittheEiffelTower.TheEiffelToweristhemostrecognizablesymbolofParis.Toavoidthecrowds,gototheEiffelTowerearlyinthemorning.Itcosts€25togotothetop,or€10toclimbtothefirst2levelsonfoot.·SeetheNotreDameCathedral.Atpresent,theNotreDameCathedralisclosedtotouristsduetothefirethatdestroyedpartsofthecathedral.However,youcanstillvisittheoutsideofthecathedral.·GototheLouvretoseeworldfamousart.TheLouvrehoststheMonaLisaalongwith35,000otherpiecesofart.Ifyou’repressedfortime,visitthehighlights.TheLouvrecosts€15atthemuseumor€17inadvance(toskipmostoftheline).·TakeadaytriptoVersailles.Ifyouhaveadaytospare,headtothepalaceofVersailles,around14milessouthwestofthecity.TakeatourtoseeKingLouisXVI’spalaceandgardens.Itcostse€20tovisitthepalaceandgrounds.1.Whencanwebookplaneticketstosavethemostmoney?A.InDecember. B.InMarch. C.InJune. D.InAugust.2.Whichtouristattractionisnotopentovisitorsatthemoment?A.TheEiffelTower. B.TheNotreDameCathedral.C.TheLouvre. D.Versailles.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Acourseplan. B.Atravelbrochure.C.Aresearchpaper. D.Anencyclopedia.【答案】1.A2.B3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了到巴黎旅行時(shí)一些建議，包括做計(jì)劃、訂機(jī)票和安排行程等方面?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“ThecheapestmonthtoflyisMarch,especiallyifyoucanleaveonaMonday,Tuesday,orWednesday.You’llsaveevenmoremoneybybookingaround90daysinadvance.(乘飛機(jī)最便宜的月份是三月，特別是如果你可以在周一、周二或周三離開。如果提前90天左右預(yù)訂，你會(huì)省下更多的錢。)”可知，三月份向前推90天，預(yù)定機(jī)票最便宜的時(shí)間是在12月份。故選A項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Atpresent,theNotreDameCathedralisclosedtotouristsduetothefirethatdestroyedpartsofthecathedral.(目前，巴黎圣母院已經(jīng)對(duì)游客關(guān)閉，因?yàn)榇蠡馃龤Я舜蠼烫玫牟糠纸ㄖ?”可知，目前不對(duì)游客開放的景點(diǎn)是巴黎圣母院。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段最后兩句話“ArelaxingtriptoParistakesalittlebitofplanning.Herearesometipsforyoutomakeyourtripsmooth.(輕松的巴黎之旅需要一點(diǎn)計(jì)劃。這里有一些讓你的旅行順利的建議。)”可知，文章介紹了到巴黎旅行時(shí)的相關(guān)建議，該內(nèi)容會(huì)在旅游小冊(cè)子上看到。故選B項(xiàng)。BJeniferMauerhasneededmorewillpowerthanthetypicalcollegestudenttopursuehergoalofearninganursingdegree.ThatwillpowerborefruitwhenJennifergraduatedfromUniversityofWisconsinEauClaireandbecamethefirstinherlargefamilytoearnabachelor'sdegree.Mauer,ofEdgar,Wisconsin,grewuponafarminafamilyof10children.Herdadworkedatajobawayfromthefarm,andhermotherranthefarmwiththekids.Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition(學(xué)費(fèi)),becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.Aftergraduation,sheworkedtohelphersistersandbrotherspayfortheirschooling.Jennifernowismarriedandhasthreechildrenofherown.Shedecidedtogobacktocollegetoadvancehercareerandtobeabletobettersupportherfamilywhiledoingsomethingsheloves:nursing.ShechosetheUWEauClaireprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfouryeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.Jeniferreceivedgreatsupportfromherfamilyassheworkedtoearnherdegree:Herhusbandworkedtwojobstocoverthebills,andher68yearoldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrenattimes.Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.Jennifersacrificed(犧牲)toachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.''Somenightsmyheartwasbreakingtohavetopickbetweenmykidsandstudyingforexamsorpapers,''shesays.However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisafirstgenerationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamilyandthat'sprettypowerful.4.WhatdidJenniferdoafterhighschool?A.Shehelpedherdadwithhiswork.B.Sheranthefamilyfarmonherown.C.Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.D.Shetaughthersistersandbrothersathome.5.WhydidJenniferchoosetheprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfield?A.Totakecareofherkidseasily. B.Tolearnfromthebestnurses.C.Tosavemoneyforherparents. D.Tofindawellpaidjobthere.6.WhatdidJennifersacrificetoachievehergoal?A.Herhealth. B.Hertimewithfamily.C.Herreputation. D.Herchanceofpromotion.7.WhatcanwelearnfromJenifer'sstory?A.Timeismoney. B.Lovebreaksdownbarriers.C.Hardworkpaysoff. D.Educationisthekeytosuccess.【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Jennifer在家里不能提供大學(xué)教育的情況下，通過自己的努力，以及家人的幫助完成了四年學(xué)位。她的努力不僅讓自己以優(yōu)異的成績(jī)畢業(yè)，還給家人，尤其是她的三個(gè)孩子樹立了榜樣，讓他們得到了激勵(lì)。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition,becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.(高中畢業(yè)后，Jennifer上了一所當(dāng)?shù)氐募夹g(shù)學(xué)院來支付她的學(xué)費(fèi)，因?yàn)榧依餂]有額外的錢用來支付大學(xué)教育)可知，高中畢業(yè)后Jennifer通過自己掙錢來完成大學(xué)教學(xué)，因?yàn)榧依餂]有額外的錢。C.Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.(她自食其力讀完了大學(xué))符合以上說法，故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的ShechosetheUWEauClaireprogramatMisnistrySaintJoseph’sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfouryeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.(她選擇了位于馬什菲爾德的圣約瑟夫醫(yī)院的UWEauClaire項(xiàng)目，因?yàn)樗梢栽陔x家近的地方攻讀四年的學(xué)位。她可以開車去上課，晚上可以回家照顧孩子)可知，Jennifer選擇位于馬什菲爾德的圣約瑟夫醫(yī)院的UWEauClaire項(xiàng)目是因?yàn)殡x家近，這樣便于照顧她的三個(gè)孩子。A.Totakecareofherkidseasily.(為了方便照顧她的孩子)符合以上說法，故選A項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的Jennifersacrificedtoachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.(Jennifer為了實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)犧牲了很多，她放棄了很多個(gè)和孩子待在一起的晚上，錯(cuò)過了很多重要的活動(dòng))可知，為了實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)Jennifer放棄了和家人待在一起的時(shí)光。B.Hertimewithfamily.(她與家人的時(shí)光)符合以上說法，故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的Throughitall,sheremindedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.(雖然經(jīng)歷了這些，但她一直保持著良好的學(xué)術(shù)地位，并以優(yōu)異的成績(jī)畢業(yè))和However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisafirstgenerationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamilyandthat’stheprettypowerful.(然而，她的孩子們?cè)谝娮C母親獲得學(xué)位的過程中得到了重要的一課。Jennifer是第一代畢業(yè)生，這對(duì)她的家庭來說是一種激勵(lì)這是非常強(qiáng)大的。)可知，Jennifer在艱苦的環(huán)境中通過自己的努力不僅以優(yōu)異的成績(jī)畢業(yè)，還給孩子樹立了榜樣，同時(shí)也讓家人得到了激勵(lì)。由此推測(cè)，我們可以從Jennifer的故事中學(xué)到:努力總會(huì)有回報(bào)。C.Hardworkpaysoff.(努力會(huì)得到回報(bào))符合以上說法，故選C項(xiàng)。CItwasaFebruaryafternooninaBrooklynclassroom.SixteenyearoldTaylorEnglercamefacetofacewithacow.Butitwasallinherhead.Shewastransportedbyavirtualreality(VR)headphone.IttooktheBerkeleyCarrollSchooljuniorandeightotherclassmatestoanorthernNewYorkfarm.Thefarmwas250milesaway.Forstudents,thetechnologymeansfieldtripsarenolongerkeptwithinthelengthofabusride.It'sunknownhowmanyclassroomshaveorwillusethetechnology,butexpertssayfewclassroomsdoorwilldo.Headphonesthatrequireauser'sphonecancostaslittleas$20or$30,butsystemsandsoftwareforclassesrunintothousandsofdollars.Theproblemofnothavinggoodsoftwareisdisappearingasmorepaniesenterthemarket.Buttherulesforusehaven'tkeptabreastofthedevelopmentofthetechnology.InNewYork,forexample,virtualrealitylabexperimentsarenotincludedinthestate'shandsonlabtimerequirements.Expertssayscienceclassesarewherevirtualrealityholdspromiseforclassrooms.“Thebiggestproblem,Ithink,isgoingtobehowcloselyitmimicstherealworld."That'saccordingtoDavidEvans,thedirectoroftheNationalScienceTeachersUnion.However,hesaid,“Theabilitytododangerousthingsandtorunmany,manymorecasesinavirtualspaceasopposedtotherealphysicalspacestandsforahugelearningchance.”Lambtaughtchemistryandheagreed.“Tooofteninschools,whenyoudoexperimentsinlabs,youmixthesetogether,youmixthosetogetherandyougetthisresult.Andifyoudon'tgetthatresult,youhavedonesomethingwrong.Butwedon'thaveenoughresourcesforyoutoredoit,“hesaid.“Invirtualreality,allIdoishitresetontheputer.Idon'thavetoactuallyusechemicals.”8.WhatwasTaylorEnglerdoing?A.Ridingabus. B.Givingalesson. C.Designingafarm. D.ExperiencingVR.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“keptabreastof"inParagraph2mean?A.Ledto. B.Focusedon. C.Caughtupwith. D.Brokenawayfrom.10.WhatdidLambthinkoftheuseofVRintheclassroom?A.Helpful. B.Troublesome. C.Interesting. D.Challenging.11.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Topointouttheimportanceofpractice. B.TointroducetheuseofVRinteaching.C.Togiveinformationaboutmodernschools. D.ToshowtheappearanceofVRtechnology.【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文介紹了學(xué)生在學(xué)校使用VR的情形、VR教學(xué)的現(xiàn)狀以及它的優(yōu)點(diǎn)等?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“SixteenyearoldTaylorEnglercamefacetofacewithacow.Butitwasallinherhead.Shewastransportedbyavirtualreality(VR)headphone.(16歲的泰勒·恩格勒與一頭奶牛面對(duì)面。但這一切都是她的想象，她被一個(gè)虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)耳機(jī)傳送過來。）”可知，TaylorEngler正在體驗(yàn)虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)，在其中她正與一頭奶牛面對(duì)面。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)畫線詞后句“InNewYork,forexample,virtualrealitylabexperimentsarenotincludedinthestate'shandsonlabtimerequirements（例如，在紐約，虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)的實(shí)驗(yàn)室實(shí)驗(yàn)不包括在國(guó)家的動(dòng)手實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)間要求中。）”可知，在紐約，虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)的實(shí)驗(yàn)室實(shí)驗(yàn)不包括在該州的實(shí)際實(shí)驗(yàn)室時(shí)間要求中，也就是說使用規(guī)則并沒有跟上技術(shù)的發(fā)展，故keptabreastof意為“跟上”，與caughtupwith意思相近。故選C項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Lambtaughtchemistryandheagreed.“Tooofteninschools,whenyoudoexperimentsinlabs,youmixthesetogether,youmixthosetogetherandyougetthisresult.Andifyoudon'tgetthatresult,youhavedonesomethingwrong.Butwedon'thaveenoughresourcesforyoutoredoit,“hesaid.“Invirtualreality,allIdoishitresetontheputer.Idon'thavetoactuallyusechemicals.””（蘭姆教化學(xué)。他認(rèn)為“在學(xué)校里，當(dāng)你在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里做實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)，你經(jīng)常把這些混合在一起，你把這些混合在一起，你就會(huì)得到這樣的結(jié)果。如果你沒有得到這樣的結(jié)果，你就做錯(cuò)了。但是我們沒有足夠的資源讓你們重做。在虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí)中，我所做的就是按下電腦上的重置鍵。我不需要使用化學(xué)藥品?！保┛芍琇amb認(rèn)為使用VR技術(shù)，如果實(shí)驗(yàn)中有做得不對(duì)的地方，只需要按一下重置鍵，就可以重新開始實(shí)驗(yàn)，而且也不需要用真正的化學(xué)藥品。所以他認(rèn)為在教室里使用VR是非常有幫助的。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。綜合分析文章可知，本文介紹了學(xué)生在學(xué)校使用VR的情形、VR教學(xué)的現(xiàn)狀以及它的優(yōu)點(diǎn)等，其目的是介紹VR技術(shù)在課堂教學(xué)中的應(yīng)用。故選B項(xiàng)。DAnewstudysuggestsclassicpaintingsbywellknownImpressionistsJosephTurnerandClaudeMonetmayhavebeeninfluencedbyairpollutionduringtheIndustrialRevolution.Scientistsdon’tknowexactlyhowpollutedthecitieswereduringthattimeforlackofdata.However,researcherssaythatexaminingtheworksofTurnerandMonetcangiveapictureoflongtermenvironmentalchangewiththeairpollution.Thestudy,publishedinProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesbyauthorsfromHarvardandSorbonneuniversities,analyzed60oilpaintingsbyTurnerfrom1796to1850and38paintingsbyMonetfrom1864to1901.Scientistssuccessfullymeasuredpainters’representation(再現(xiàn))ofnature,focusingonthecolorsaswellasdifferencesinlocalweatherpatternswhichinfluencedcoloring.TheysignificantlyfoundthatpaintingsposedinBritaingenerallyfeatureagreyerblueskythanworksinotherpartsofEurope.Researchersparticularlybelievechangesinlocalsulfurdioxide(二氧化硫)emissionsfromburningcoalmayexplainchangesinthecolorcontrastandintensity(亮度)ofTurner’sandMonet’sworks,evenaftertakingintoaccounttheartistictrendsandsubjectmatterofthetime.Generally,artistscanhistoricallyaccuratelyrepresenttheirenvironment.TurnerandMonetwerechosenbecausetheyarefamousfortheirlandscapeandcityscapepaintingsandalsobecausetheywereactiveduringtheIndustrialRevolution,whenairpollutiongrewatarateneverseenbefore.Additionally,researcherssaythatsincetheairinLondonwasmuchpolluted,thecitieswouldappeargreyanddulltotheeyesaswellasinphotographs.ByparingthepaintingsofTurnerandMonettophotosfromtheera,theywereabletodeterminethepaintingworksweredefinitelyinfluencedbythechangeinemissions.12.WhatdidtheresearchersfindintheworksofTurnerandMonet?A.Airpollutionatthattime. B.Changeinsubjectmatter.C.Socialtrendsoftheperiod. D.Developmentofphotography.13.Howdidtheresearchersconductthestudy?A.Byreferringtorelevanthistoricalrecords.B.Byexaminingthecoloringofthepaintings.C.ByparingthepaintingsofTurnerwithMonet’s.D.ByanalyzingthedataduringtheIndustrialRevolution.14.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Europeanartistspreferredlandscapepaintings.B.TurnerandMonetintendedtopresentpollution.C.Theresearchfocusedonstudyingweatherpatterns.D.BritainsufferedmostfromairpollutioninEurope.15.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Tocallonpeopletoprotecttheenvironment.B.TointroduceairpollutionintheIndustrialRevolution.C.Toinformpeopleofanewdiscoveryincertainartworks.D.Toinstructpeopletoadmireclassicpaintingsinnewways.【答案】12.A13.B14.D15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，研究者們研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，工業(yè)革命時(shí)期空氣污染可能影響了著名印象派畫家特納和莫奈的作品，他們畫中的英國(guó)天空更顯灰藍(lán)，揭示了長(zhǎng)期環(huán)境變化及污染狀況?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中“However,researcherssaythatexaminingtheworksofTurnerandMonetcangiveapictureoflongtermenvironmentalchangewiththeairpollution.(然而，研究人員表示，研究透納和莫奈的作品可以描繪出空氣污染帶來的長(zhǎng)期環(huán)境變化。)”和第三段中“Scientistssuccessfullymeasuredpainters’representation(再現(xiàn))ofnature,focusingonthecolorsaswellasdifferencesinlocalweatherpatternswhichinfluencedcoloring.TheysignificantlyfoundthatpaintingsposedinBritaingenerallyfeatureagreyerblueskythanworksinotherpartsofEurope.(科學(xué)家們成功地測(cè)量了畫家對(duì)自然的表現(xiàn)，重點(diǎn)關(guān)注了色彩以及影響色彩的當(dāng)?shù)靥鞖饽Ｊ降牟町?。他們顯著地發(fā)現(xiàn)，在英國(guó)創(chuàng)作的畫作通常比在歐洲其他地區(qū)創(chuàng)作的畫作呈現(xiàn)出更灰色的藍(lán)天。)”可知，研究人員通過分析兩位畫家作品中的顏色使用以及與歐洲其他地區(qū)作品的比較，發(fā)現(xiàn)英國(guó)的作品通常描繪的天空更灰暗，這暗示了空氣污染對(duì)畫作的影響，研究人員在特納和莫奈的作品中發(fā)現(xiàn)了當(dāng)時(shí)的空氣污染。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段中“Scientistssuccessfullymeasuredpainters’representation(再現(xiàn))ofnature,focusingonthecolorsaswellasdifferencesinlocalweatherpatternswhichinfluencedcoloring.TheysignificantlyfoundthatpaintingsposedinBritaingenerallyfeatureagreyerblueskythanworksinotherpartsofEurope.(科學(xué)家們成功地測(cè)量了畫家對(duì)自然的表現(xiàn)，重點(diǎn)關(guān)注了色彩以及影響色彩的當(dāng)?shù)靥鞖饽Ｊ降牟町?。他們顯著地發(fā)現(xiàn)，在英國(guó)創(chuàng)作的畫作通常比在歐洲其他地區(qū)創(chuàng)作的畫作呈現(xiàn)出更灰色的藍(lán)天。)”可知，科學(xué)家成功測(cè)量了畫家對(duì)自然的再現(xiàn)，特別是關(guān)注顏色以及影響著色的當(dāng)?shù)靥鞖饽Ｊ降牟町?。這表明他們主要通過分析畫作的色彩來開展研究。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第三段中“Scientistssuccessfullymeasuredpainters’representation(再現(xiàn))ofnature,focusingonthecolorsaswellasdifferencesinlocalweatherpatternswhichinfluencedcoloring.TheysignificantlyfoundthatpaintingsposedinBritaingenerallyfeatureagreyerblueskythanworksinotherpartsofEurope.(科學(xué)家們成功地測(cè)量了畫家對(duì)自然的表現(xiàn)，重點(diǎn)關(guān)注了色彩以及影響色彩的當(dāng)?shù)靥鞖饽Ｊ降牟町?。他們顯著地發(fā)現(xiàn)，在英國(guó)創(chuàng)作的畫作通常比在歐洲其他地區(qū)創(chuàng)作的畫作呈現(xiàn)出更灰色的藍(lán)天。)”和最后一段“Additionally,researcherssaythatsincetheairinLondonwasmuchpolluted,thecitieswouldappeargreyanddulltotheeyesaswellasinphotographs.ByparingthepaintingsofTurnerandMonettophotosfromtheera,theywereabletodeterminethepaintingworksweredefinitelyinfluencedbythechangeinemissions.(此外，研究人員表示，由于倫敦的空氣污染嚴(yán)重，城市在眼睛和照片中都會(huì)顯得灰暗和沉悶。通過將特納和莫奈的畫作與那個(gè)時(shí)代的照片進(jìn)行比較，他們能夠確定這些繪畫作品肯定受到了排放變化的影響。)”可知，與歐洲其他地區(qū)的畫作相比，英國(guó)畫作中的天空顯得更灰暗，且由于倫敦空氣質(zhì)量極差，城市在人眼及照片中都會(huì)顯得灰暗無光，說明英國(guó)在當(dāng)時(shí)遭受的空氣污染最為嚴(yán)重。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段“AnewstudysuggestsclassicpaintingsbywellknownImpressionistsJosephTurnerandClaudeMonetmayhavebeeninfluencedbyairpollutionduringtheIndustrialRevolution.(一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，著名印象派畫家約瑟夫·特納和克勞德·莫奈的經(jīng)典畫作可能受到了工業(yè)革命期間空氣污染的影響。)”可知，文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究，這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)工業(yè)革命時(shí)期，空氣污染可能影響了著名印象派畫家特納和莫奈的作品，他們畫中的英國(guó)天空更顯灰藍(lán)，揭示了長(zhǎng)期環(huán)境變化及污染狀況。選項(xiàng)C“Toinformpeopleofanewdiscoveryincertainartworks.(告知人們?cè)谀承┧囆g(shù)品中的新發(fā)現(xiàn)。)”符合題意。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）TheSideEffectsofOverexercisingIfyouareputtingintoomanyhoursatthegymortrainingtoohardforsports,yourbodymaybegintorespondnegatively.Overexercisingismonamongathletesandfitnessenthusiastswithavarietyofsideeffects,bothphysicalandmental.Oneperson’sdefinitionofexcessive(過量的)exercisemightdifferfromanother’s.____16____Themainsignofitisdecliningphysicalperformanceinyoursports,despiteongoingorincreasedamountsoftraining.Ifyouareoverexercising,youmightnoticethenegativephysicaleffectsfirst.Youmightexperienceunexplainedweightlossanddecreasedappetite.Overexercisingcanalsocauseongoingmuscleandjointpainunrelatedtoaspecificinjury,difficultysleepingornotfeelingrestedwhenyouwakeup.____17____Ifyouarenotfeelingyourusualexcitementforsports,orifyoudonotfeelmentallypreparedforexerciseorpetition,youcouldbeexperiencingthementaleffectsofoverexercising.____18____Forexample,increasedanger,oralackofenthusiasmyouoncefelttowardyoursports.Thisconditioncanalsocauseotherpoorperformancesinyourlife.____19____Thefirstandmostvitalstepfortreatmentissimplyrecognizingthatyouhavethecondition.Thenfollowatrainingschedulethatvariesyourtrainingloadandincludesadequaterest.____20____Whethertherestperiodlastforweeksorseveralmonthsdependsontheindividual.A.Youmightevengetsickmoreoften.B.Nevershoulditbelookeddownupon.C.Youmightnoticefrequentmoodswings.D.However,itaffectswhoeveroverexercises.E.Doctorsmightmistakeitforamajorillness.F.Actually,themosteffectivetreatmentistorest.G.Therefore,addresstheproblemonceyourealizeit.【答案】16.D17.A18.C19.G20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了過度運(yùn)動(dòng)副作用?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Oneperson’sdefinitionofexcessive(過量的)exercisemightdifferfromanother’s.(一個(gè)人對(duì)過度運(yùn)動(dòng)的定義可能與另一個(gè)人不同。)”以及下文“Themainsignofitisdecliningphysicalperformanceinyoursports,despiteongoingorincreasedamountsoftraining.(它的主要標(biāo)志是你在運(yùn)動(dòng)中的身體表現(xiàn)下降，盡管持續(xù)或增加了訓(xùn)練量。)”可知，此處需要一個(gè)涉及過量運(yùn)動(dòng)副作用的過渡句，連接上文個(gè)人對(duì)過量運(yùn)動(dòng)定義不同，但過量運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)人有害，再接著論述過量運(yùn)動(dòng)的主要表現(xiàn)。D選項(xiàng)“然而，它會(huì)影響任何過度運(yùn)動(dòng)的人?！狈项}意，故選D。17題詳解】根據(jù)段首總起句“Ifyouareoverexercising,youmightnoticethenegativephysicaleffectsfirst.(如果你過度鍛煉，你可能會(huì)首先注意到身體上的負(fù)面影響。)”可知，此段主要論述過量運(yùn)動(dòng)在身體方面的副作用，結(jié)合空前句子“Youmightexperienceunexplainedweightlossanddecreasedappetite.Overexercisingcanalsocauseongoingmuscleandjointpainunrelatedtoaspecificinjury,difficultysleepingornotfeelingrestedwhenyouwakeup.(你可能會(huì)經(jīng)歷無法解釋的體重減輕和食欲下降。過度運(yùn)動(dòng)還會(huì)導(dǎo)致與特定損傷無關(guān)的持續(xù)肌肉和關(guān)節(jié)疼痛、睡眠困難或醒來時(shí)感覺沒有休息好。)”可知，此處作者按嚴(yán)重程度遞進(jìn)的方式描述了過量運(yùn)動(dòng)在身體方面的副作用，故此空應(yīng)為過量運(yùn)動(dòng)在身體方面帶來的最嚴(yán)重后果。A選項(xiàng)“你甚至可能更經(jīng)常生病。”緊密連接上文，繼續(xù)闡述副作用，故選A。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ifyouarenotfeelingyourusualexcitementforsports,orifyoudonotfeelmentallypreparedforexerciseorpetition,youcouldbeexperiencingthementaleffectsofoverexercising.(如果你沒有像往常一樣對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)感到興奮，或者你沒有為運(yùn)動(dòng)或比賽做好心理準(zhǔn)備，你可能正在經(jīng)歷過度運(yùn)動(dòng)的心理影響。)”可知，此段主要論述過量運(yùn)動(dòng)在心理方面的副作用，結(jié)合下一句“Forexample,increasedanger,oralackofenthusiasmyouoncefelttowardyoursports.(例如，憤怒加劇，或者你曾經(jīng)對(duì)你的運(yùn)動(dòng)缺乏熱情。)”可知，后方為此句的舉例，故此處應(yīng)總結(jié)說明過量運(yùn)動(dòng)在心理方面的副作用的表現(xiàn)為頻繁的情緒波動(dòng)，C選項(xiàng)“你可能會(huì)注意到頻繁的情緒波動(dòng)。”符合題意。故選C?！?9題詳解】結(jié)合上文和本段內(nèi)容可知，作者已經(jīng)論述了過量運(yùn)動(dòng)在身體和心理方面的副作用，并且開始論述如何解決問題，故此空應(yīng)為段落總起句，且和上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，提醒讀者去解決問題。G選項(xiàng)“因此，一旦你意識(shí)到問題，就要解決它?！狈险Z意。故選G?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thenfollowatrainingschedulethatvariesyourtrainingloadandincludesadequaterest.(然后遵循一個(gè)訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃，改變你的訓(xùn)練負(fù)荷，并包括充分的休息。)”和后文“Whethertherestperiodlastforweeksorseveralmonthsdependsontheindividual.(休息時(shí)間是持續(xù)幾周還是幾個(gè)月取決于個(gè)人。)”可知，此處為一個(gè)過渡句，強(qiáng)調(diào)解決問題的核心在于休息。F選項(xiàng)“事實(shí)上，最有效的治療方法是休息。”承上啟下，符合題意，故選F。第三部分：英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)：完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。MrsAlverezwasasecondgradeteacherandshehadaquietboy,Carlos,whowas___21___tolearntoreadinherclass.Carloswaslivingwithhissinglemotherinarundownapartment.Hehadno___22___andhisstrugglesatschooladdedtohissuffering.MrsAlverezworkedashardasshecouldtohelpCarlostoread.Towardtheendoftheyear,MrsAlverezgota___23___tomovetoapositioninagoodschool.Onedayafterschool,Carios’mothercametoseeMrsAlverezand___24___hertostay.MrsAlverezthoughtovertherequestofCarlos’hopelessmotherand___25___her“dreamjob”.ThenMrsAlvereztaughtasbestshecould,alwaysgivingCarlosabitofextra___26___.Shehopedthatthingswould___27___forthisshy,frightenedboy.Manyyearslater,MrsAlverezwascrossingthestreetand___28___droppedherpapersonthesidewalk.Atthatmoment,twoyoungmenpassedbyandtheystoppedtohelpher.Asthetallerone___29___herwithherpapers,hemurmured(低語),“MrsAlverez?”Inaninstanttheyboth____30____eachotherandhuggedtightly.Thesecondboyinterruptedandasked____31____ifshewasMrsAlverez.HesaidthatCarloshadgivena____32____atthehighschoolgraduationceremony,tellingthemthatateachernamedMrsAlverezhelpedhimlearntoread,caredforhimand____33____him.ItwasthisteachertowhomCarlos____34____allhissuccess.MrsAlverezstoodtherelookingatthetwoyoungmenandbegancryingvery____35____tearsofjoy.21.A.volunteering B.struggling C.hesitating D.refusing22.A.imagination B.behavior C.confidence D.personality23.A.gift B.task C.permit D.chance24.A.begged B.invited C.reminded D.remended25.A.focuson B.wentafter C.turneddown D.tookup26.A.attention B.money C.pany D.service27.A.goon B.cleanup C.calmdown D.workout28.A.usually B.accidentally C.actually D.purposely29.A.scheduled B.surrounded C.approached D.assisted30.A.noticed B.recognized C.accepted D.supported31.A.proudly B.surprisedly C.worriedly D.obviously32.A.speech B.lesson C.performance D.presentation33.A.amused B.impressed C.protected D.inspired34.A.owed B.returned C.offered D.addicted35.A.grateful B.bitter C.regretful D.sweet【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.C26.A27.D28.B29.C30.B31.B32.A33.D34.A35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Alverez夫人為了幫助閱讀困難且自卑的Carlos，放棄了一個(gè)好工作機(jī)會(huì)，給予他很多幫助。多年后兩人意外重逢，Alverez夫人得知Carlos因她的關(guān)愛和教導(dǎo)取得了成功?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Alverez夫人是一名二年級(jí)教師，她有一個(gè)安靜的男孩Carlos，他在班上學(xué)習(xí)閱讀很吃力。A.volunteering做志愿活動(dòng)；B.struggling掙扎；C.hesitating猶豫；D.refusing拒絕。根據(jù)下文“Hehadno___2___andhisstrugglesatschooladdedtohissuffering.”可知，Carlos在班上學(xué)習(xí)閱讀很吃力。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他沒有信心，在學(xué)校的困難更增加了他的痛苦。A.imagination想象力；B.behavior行為；C.confidence信心；D.personality個(gè)性。根據(jù)上文“Carloswaslivingwithhissinglemotherinarundownapartment.”和下文“hisstrugglesatschool”可知，Carlos家境不好，學(xué)習(xí)也吃力，因此應(yīng)該是沒有信心。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：快到年底的時(shí)候，Alverez夫人得到了一個(gè)在一所好學(xué)校工作的機(jī)會(huì)。A.gift禮物；B.task任務(wù)；C.permit許可證；D.chance機(jī)會(huì)。根據(jù)下文“tomovetoapositioninagoodschool”和“her“dreamjob””可推知，Alverez夫人是得到了在一所好學(xué)校工作的機(jī)會(huì)。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一天放學(xué)后，Carlos的母親來看Alverez夫人，懇求她留下來。A.begged懇求；B.invited邀請(qǐng)；C.reminded提醒；D.remended推薦。根據(jù)下文“MrsAlverezthoughtovertherequestofCarlos’hopelessmother”和“ThenMrsAlvereztaughtasbestshecould,alwaysgivingCarlosabitofextra___6___.”可知，Alverez夫人留在了這所學(xué)校，因此Carlos的母親是懇求Alverez夫人留下來。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：Alverez夫人考慮了Carlos絕望的母親的要求，拒絕了她“夢(mèng)想中的工作”。A.focuson聚焦于；B.wentafter追求；C.turneddown拒絕；D.tookup開始從事。根據(jù)下文“ThenMrsAlvereztaughtasbestshecould,alwaysgivingCarlosabitofextra___6___.”可知，Alverez夫人留在了這所學(xué)校，因此是拒絕了她“夢(mèng)想中的工作”。故選C。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，Alverez夫人盡她所能地教，總是給Carlos一點(diǎn)額外的關(guān)注。A.attention關(guān)注；B.money金錢；C.pany陪伴；D.service服務(wù)。根據(jù)下文“ateachernamedMrsAlverezhelpedhimlearntoread,caredforhim”可知，Alverez夫人總是給Carlos一點(diǎn)額外的關(guān)注。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：她希望這個(gè)害羞、害怕男孩能有個(gè)好結(jié)果。A.goon繼續(xù)；B.cleanup清理；C.calmdown冷靜下來；D.workout進(jìn)展順利。根據(jù)上文敘述的Alverez夫人因?yàn)镃arlos母親的請(qǐng)求而留在這所學(xué)校繼續(xù)教書，而且?guī)椭鶦arlos可知，她是希望這個(gè)孩能有個(gè)好結(jié)果。故選D?！?8題詳解