河南省高中英語(yǔ)必修三Unit4SpaceExploration知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)(超全)

單選題1、The

jokes

told

by

Tom

made

us

________,

so

the

teacher

couldn’t

make

himself

________.A．to

laugh;

hearingB．laugh;

heardC．laughing;

hearD．laughed;

heard答案：B考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：湯姆講的笑話(huà)讓我們笑了起來(lái)，所以老師沒(méi)能讓人聽(tīng)清他的話(huà)。分析句子可知，空一作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，make是使役動(dòng)詞，接不帶to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，表示“讓某人做某事”，空二作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，與賓語(yǔ)himself是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)，綜上，故選B。小提示：2、On

that

fateful

day,

medical

teams

swarmed

into

the

city

from

all

directions

to

help

the

locals

fight

the

formidable

battle

at

full

________.A．gushB．stretchC．spillD．leap答案：B考查名詞。句意：在那命運(yùn)攸關(guān)的一天，醫(yī)療隊(duì)從四面八方涌入該市，幫助當(dāng)?shù)厝巳箵暨@場(chǎng)可怕的戰(zhàn)斗。A.gush涌出；迸出；B.stretch伸開(kāi)、伸展；C.spill灑出；D.leap跳躍。根據(jù)上句“medical

teams

swarmed

into

the

city

from

all

directions（醫(yī)療隊(duì)從四面八方涌入這座城市）”可知是幫助當(dāng)?shù)厝巳箵暨@場(chǎng)可怕的戰(zhàn)斗，at

full

stretch為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“全力以赴”。故選B。3、I

am

disappointed

at

hearing

the

bad

news,

so

I

am

in

no________

today

to

go

to

the

movies

with

you.A．mindB．urgeC．moodD．desire答案：C考查名詞。句意：聽(tīng)到壞消息我很失望，所以今天沒(méi)有心情和你一起全看電影。A.

mind頭腦，智慧；B.

urge沖動(dòng)；C.

mood心情；D.

desire欲望。根據(jù)“disappointed(失望的)”可知，說(shuō)話(huà)者并不想去看電影。in

no

mood是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“沒(méi)有心情”，故選C項(xiàng)。4、Helen

had

to

shout

________

above

the

sound

of

the

music.A．getting

herself

hearB．to

get

herself

hearC．getting

herself

heardD．to

get

herself

heard答案：D考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：海倫不得不大聲喊叫，好讓她的聲音蓋過(guò)音樂(lè)聲。根據(jù)句意，海倫大聲喊叫的目的是為了使自己的聲音蓋過(guò)音樂(lè)聲，表示目的用動(dòng)詞不定式to

do；herself（她自己）與hear（聽(tīng)到）構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞heard作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。故選D項(xiàng)。5、Lindsay

wanted

________

a

chance

to

improve

her

spoken

English.A．there

wasB．there

to

beC．there

beingD．there

is答案：B考查there

be非限定形式。句意：Lindsay想要一個(gè)提高口語(yǔ)的機(jī)會(huì)。want

to

do

想要做某事，用there

to

be形式作賓語(yǔ)，故選B。6、_____,

the

train

started.A．The

signal

givenB．Giving

the

signalC．The

signal

being

givenD．The

signal

giving答案：A考查獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：信號(hào)發(fā)出后，火車(chē)開(kāi)動(dòng)了。分析可知，空處為獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，其結(jié)構(gòu)形式為“邏輯主語(yǔ)+非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞”，做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，signal和give之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以用過(guò)去分詞。故選A項(xiàng)。7、Lucy

rushed

to

the

school,

only

that

it

was

Saturday.A．findingB．foundC．to

findD．having

found答案：C考查不定式作狀語(yǔ)。句意：露西匆忙趕去學(xué)校，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)是周六。本句為only

to

do

作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，表示出乎意料的的結(jié)果，故選C。小提示：不定式和現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)?，F(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)時(shí)一般只能單獨(dú)使用，通常位于句末，前有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。有時(shí)為了突出結(jié)果，可在現(xiàn)在分詞前加副詞thus，意為“因而，因此”。往往表示正常出現(xiàn)的、自然而然的或意料之中的結(jié)果。例句：①Crops

such

as

peas

or

soybeans

put

important

minerals

back

into

the

soil,

making

it

ready

for

crops

such

as

wheat

or

corn

that

need

rich

and

fertile

soil.②By

1820

the

population

of

New

York

had

grown

to

about

125,000,making

it

the

largest

city

in

the

USA.動(dòng)詞不定式單獨(dú)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，通常表示偶然的、出乎意料的結(jié)果，有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)這種意外的結(jié)果，可在不定式前加only,

意為“卻…，只…”，在這種情況下，不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)也可能是全句的主語(yǔ)。例句：①After

two

days

we

finally

arrived

at

the

small

village,

only

to

be

told

that

the

old

man

had

passed

away.②Yesterday

a

beggar

bought

a

lottery

ticket,

to

make

him

a

millionaire

overnight.本題為出乎意料的結(jié)果，故用不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。8、If

something

is

________,

it

is

easy

to

harm,

damage,

or

break.A．vividB．delicateC．distinctD．giant答案：B考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：如果某個(gè)東西很脆弱，它很容易被傷害、損壞或斷裂。A.

vivid生動(dòng)的，逼真的；B.

delicate易損的，易碎的，脆弱的；C.

distinct清楚的，截然不同的；D.

giant巨大的，偉大的。設(shè)空處在句中作表語(yǔ)，根據(jù)后文的“it

is

easy

to

harm,

damage,

or

break”可知delicate意為“易損的，易碎的，脆弱的”符合語(yǔ)意。故選B。9、Come

to

Dolly

wood

________learning

all

about

America’s

historical

southeastern

culture

!A．have

funB．to

have

funC．having

funD．had

fun答案：B考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：來(lái)多利伍德快樂(lè)地學(xué)習(xí)所有關(guān)于美國(guó)東南部的歷史文化吧!句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞come且無(wú)連詞，故空處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞；結(jié)合句意，表目的應(yīng)用不定式。故選B。10、He

never

complains

about

the

difficulties

he

has

in

life.

________,

he

always

has

ways

to

overcome

them.A．HoweverB．OtherwiseC．InsteadD．Therefore答案：C考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他從不抱怨生活中的困難。相反，他總是有辦法克服它們。A.

However然而；B.

Otherwise否則；C.

Instead相反；D.

Therefore因此。根據(jù)句中complains和overcome可知，此處表達(dá)的是“相反”關(guān)系。故選C。11、Mary

is

looking

for

a

sports

watch

______

her

keep

track

of

her

fitness

and

chart

her

training

progress.A．helpedB．having

helpedC．helpD．to

help答案：D考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：瑪麗正在找一塊運(yùn)動(dòng)手表來(lái)幫助她跟蹤自己的健康狀況，記錄她的訓(xùn)練進(jìn)度。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，此空為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，表示目的，故用不定式，故選D。12、With

the

popularity

of

smart

phones,

people

gradually

lose

the

______

for

watching

television,

which

makes

TV

a

decoration

of

the

house.A．a(chǎn)nalysisB．a(chǎn)ppetiteC．incidentD．a(chǎn)ppreciation答案：B考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著智能手機(jī)的普及，人們逐漸失去了看電視的興趣，這使得電視成為了家里的一種裝飾。A.

analysis分析；B.

appetite興趣，欲望；C.

incident事件；D.

appreciation欣賞。根據(jù)“which

makes

TV

a

decoration

of

the

house”可知，人們逐漸失去了看電視的興趣，appetite符合題意。故選B。13、From

the

Tokyo

Olympics

to

the

14th

National

Games,

outstanding

performances

from

China's

athletes

show

the

country's

drive

for

a

sports

powerhouse

in________

and

innovation.A．expectationB．passionC．mysteryD．imagination答案：B考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從東京奧運(yùn)會(huì)到第十四屆全運(yùn)會(huì)，中國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的出色表現(xiàn)展現(xiàn)了中國(guó)體育強(qiáng)國(guó)的激情和創(chuàng)新精神。A.expectation期待；B.passion激情；C.mystery謎；D.imagination想象力。根據(jù)“show

the

country's

drive

for

a

sports

powerhouse

in________

and

innovation”可知，句子表示“中國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng)員的出色表現(xiàn)展現(xiàn)了中國(guó)體育強(qiáng)國(guó)的激情和創(chuàng)新精神”，因此空格處意為“激情”，是passion，故選B。14、With

a

lot

of

necessary

work

________,

I

couldn’t

arrive

there

at

the

appointed

time.A．doingB．doneC．will

doD．to

do答案：D考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：有許多必要的工作要做，我不能在約定的時(shí)間到達(dá)那里。分析句子可知，此處是“with+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)，do作賓語(yǔ)，表示未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，用不定式，

do與被修飾詞，其邏輯主語(yǔ)work是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，與句子的主語(yǔ)I是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義，故選D。小提示：15、________in

the

scandal,

according

to

a

recent

report,

is

believed________the

prime

reason

for

the

young

senator

to

give

up

his

political

career.A．Involved

…

to

have

beenB．Being

involved

…

to

beC．Involving

…

to

beD．To

be

involved

…

to

have

been答案：B考查句子結(jié)構(gòu)和短語(yǔ)。句意：根據(jù)最近報(bào)道，卷入丑聞被認(rèn)為是這位年輕參議員放棄政治生涯的主要原因。短語(yǔ)be

involved

in表示“卷入”，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，第一空需填入非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式作主語(yǔ)，因而用動(dòng)名詞形式；believed后接to

do

+名詞作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，因此第二空需填to

be。故選B。小提示：16、【2018·北京】During

the

Mid-Autumn

Festival,

family

members

often

gather

together

_________

a

meal,

admire

the

moon

and

enjoy

moon

cakes.A．shareB．to

shareC．having

sharedD．shared答案：B考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在中秋節(jié)期間，家人們通常會(huì)聚在一起吃飯，賞月，品嘗月餅。gather是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，“_________

a

meal,

admire

the

moon

and

enjoy

moon

cakes”是狀語(yǔ)，家人聚在一起的目的是吃飯，賞月，品嘗月餅，表目的用動(dòng)詞不定式，故B選項(xiàng)正確。點(diǎn)睛：動(dòng)詞不定式可以做主語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)，定語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)等。動(dòng)詞不定式做目的狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以置于主句之前也可以置于主句之后，通常譯為“為了”。17、There’s

little

chance

that

we

will

be

successful

in

trying

to

change

the

present

situation.

________,

it

is

important

that

we

try

our

best.A．MeanwhileB．OtherwiseC．ThereforeD．Nevertheless答案：D考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我們想要改變現(xiàn)狀的可能性很小。盡管如此，重要的是我們要盡力。A.

Meanwhile同時(shí)；B.

Otherwise否則；C.

Therefore因此；D.

Nevertheless盡管如此。根據(jù)上文“There’s

little

chance

that

we

will

be

successful

in

trying

to

change

the

present

situation.”和下文“it

is

important

that

we

try

our

best.”可知，兩句間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。應(yīng)該用Nevertheless。故選D項(xiàng)。18、The

first

warning

was

from

a

________station

further

in

the

harbor

telling

me

to

stop,

that

we

were

approaching

danger.A．sighB．signC．signalD．image答案：C考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：第一個(gè)警告來(lái)自港口遠(yuǎn)處的一個(gè)信號(hào)站，告訴我停下來(lái)，我們正接近危險(xiǎn)。A.sigh嘆氣，嘆息；B.sign簽名，跡象，符號(hào)；C.signal信號(hào)燈；（無(wú)線電）訊號(hào)，信號(hào)；D.image形象，印象。根據(jù)句意和各項(xiàng)詞義，signal

station，意為“信號(hào)站”，能對(duì)來(lái)往船只發(fā)出危險(xiǎn)、警告等信號(hào)，signal作station的定語(yǔ)，符合語(yǔ)境，故選C項(xiàng)。19、________

well

in

the

coming

Art

Festival,

the

children

have

been

practicing

dancing

every

afternoon

in

the

past

two

weeks.A．PerformingB．Having

performedC．To

performD．Performed答案：C考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：為了在即將到來(lái)的藝術(shù)節(jié)上表現(xiàn)出色，孩子們?cè)谶^(guò)去的兩周里每天下午都在練習(xí)舞蹈。分析句子可知，表示未發(fā)生的事情，所以用不定式在句中作目的狀語(yǔ)，表示“為了……”。故選C。20、After

countless

interviews

and

presentations,

I

managed

to

________

among

the

candidates

and

survive

the

test

alone.A．figure

outB．put

outC．stand

outD．rule

out答案：C考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：在無(wú)數(shù)次面試和演講之后，我成功地在候選人中脫穎而出，獨(dú)自通過(guò)了測(cè)試。A.

figure

out想出，解決，弄明白；B.

put

out熄滅；C.

stand

out突出，顯眼；D.

rule

out排除。根據(jù)“survive

the

test

alone”可知，此處是指“我”在所有候選人中脫穎而出。故選C。小提示：語(yǔ)法填空21、It

enables

her

_________(work)

hard.

(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)答案：to

work考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：這使她能夠努力工作。enable

sb.

to

do

sth.為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“使某人能夠做某事?！惫侍顃o

work。22、Next

month

the

city

will

build

a

new

park

________(honour)

those

who

died

in

the

terrible

disaster.

(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)答案：to

honour考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：下個(gè)月，該市將建造一座新公園，以紀(jì)念在這場(chǎng)可怕的災(zāi)難中死去的人。honour用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填to

honour。23、（2022年全國(guó)乙卷）________(strengthen)the

connection

with

young

people,

the

event

included

a

number

of

public

promotional

activities

on

social

media,

________(invite)twenty-nine

tea

professionals

from

around

the

world

to

have

thirty-six

hours

of

uninterrupted

live

broadcasts.

（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）答案：

To

strengthen

inviting考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：為了加強(qiáng)與年輕人的聯(lián)系，活動(dòng)該包括在社交媒體上的一系列公共宣傳活動(dòng)，邀請(qǐng)了來(lái)自世界各地的29名茶葉專(zhuān)業(yè)人士進(jìn)行36小時(shí)不間斷的直播。分析句子可知，included是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，與動(dòng)詞strengthen之間無(wú)連詞，故空格處1應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式，再結(jié)合句意“為了加強(qiáng)與年輕人的聯(lián)系”可知，空格處1應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填To

strengthen。同理，空格處2前面的句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是included，與動(dòng)詞invite之間無(wú)連詞連接，因此空格處2應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞invite的非謂語(yǔ)形式，而邏輯主語(yǔ)the

event與invite之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填①To

strengthen②inviting。24、Mary's

sister,

Frances

Todd

Wallace,

often

came

over

________

(plant)

flowers

in

the

front

yard.

（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）答案：to

plant考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：瑪麗的妹妹Frances

Todd

Wallace經(jīng)常來(lái)拜訪，在前院里種些花。結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示目的，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。故填to

plant。25、Peter

said

he

would

treat

me

to

a

film,

but

with

lots

of

homework

________(do),

I

refused

his

offer.

（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）答案：to

do考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：彼得說(shuō)要請(qǐng)我看電影，但是有許多作業(yè)要做，我拒絕了他的提議。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，with

lots

of

homework

________

(do)為with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，所以空格處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)。結(jié)合句意，作業(yè)是將要做的，故用不定式表將來(lái)，且to

do的邏輯主語(yǔ)為并but連接并列句的主語(yǔ)I，故用主動(dòng)形式。故填to

do。26、No

one

really

knows

what

motivated

him

__________(do)so.

(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)答案：to

do考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：沒(méi)有人真正知道是什么促使他這樣做的。動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)motivate

sb

to

do

sth意為“促使……做……，激勵(lì)……做……”符合句意，故填to

do。27、What

led

you

________(believe)

I

wa