2025屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)作業(yè)十五必修⑤Unit3Scienceandnature課時(shí)作業(yè)含解析牛津譯林版

PAGE課時(shí)作業(yè)(十五)必修⑤Unit3ScienceandnatureⅠ.閱讀理解[2024·鄭州高三第一次質(zhì)測(cè)]Somethingstrangehasbeenhappeningtomelately:WomeninthestreethavebeentellingmeI'mbrave.Myactofcourageisn'tmuch—Ijuststoppedcoloringmyhair.IhadbrownhairthatstartedgoinggraywhenIwas30.So,likealotofwomen,Istarteddyeing(染)it.Itwasexpensiveandtime-consuming.Andmyhairgrowsfast,soIneededtogobacktothehairsalon(美發(fā)廳)every5weeks.Manypeopleseemtoenjoyholdingontotheiryouthforaslongaspossible,givingotherstheimpressionthattheydon'thavemuchwisdomormanyaccomplishments.Butourhairstartstoturngrayandsuddenlywestartspending$500ormoreayeartocoversomethingourmalecolleaguesdon'tneedtocover.Ofcourse,peopleshoulddowhattheywanttodowiththeirownbody—mymotheris91andstillhas“blonde”hair,andwhynot?IjustwishmoreofuswouldfeelthatitisOKtobeourselves,becausegoinggrayhasdonemoreformethansavingmetimeandmoney.Ilikemynaturalhair,justasitis.Ilikehowithasgotcurlyagain.Itisrecoveringafteryearsofbeingdamagedbychemicals.Ialsolikethatithasgivenmesomeneededattitudeinasocietythatmakesyouthseemsoimportant,whilebeingagainstmaturity.ItremindsmethatI'mnotakidanymoreandthisisn'tabadthing.NotbeingakidanymoremeansIreadthebooksIwant,andnotthebooksIfeelIshouldread.ItmeansnotwastingmytimeateventsIdon'tneedtoattendwhenI'dratherbewithmyfamilyandfriends.WhenIseemyhairinthemirror,it'sareminderthatmytimeislimited,andIshouldspenditdoingwhatmatters.There'snothingshamefulaboutgrowingolder.Andpretendingit'snothappeningisawayofgivingupourpower.Iseemygrayhairasalittleactofrebellion(反叛)againsttheideathatpeoplelosevalueastheyage,insteadofgainingit.Iseegrayhairasmy“flag”andI'mlettingitflyproudly.1．Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutcoloringhair?A．Itshowspeople'sgreatcourage.B．Itisagoodwaytoholdontoyouth.C．Itshowswisdomandaccomplishments.D．Itcostsmuchmoneyandittakesmuchtimetodothat.2．Whatshouldwedowhenwegrowoldaccordingtotheauthor?A．Giveupourpower.B．Pretendtobestillyoung.C．Acceptitandactpositively.D．Readasmanybooksaspossible.3．Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthispassage?A．Toexplainwhyyouthisvalued.B．Toshareheropinionongrowingolder.C．Tostresstheimportanceofdifferentattitudes.D．Toanalyzetheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofaging.4．Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．HoldingontoYouthB．DyeingYourHairC．GainingValuewithAgeD．ValuingWisdomofAgeⅡ.七選五[2024·山東高考第一次模擬]Travellingwithfriendscanbeanabsolutelyamazingexperiencewhereyoucouldmakelifelongmemoriesoritcouldendupruiningyourfriendship.__1__Herearesomerulesyoushouldfollowtomakesureyournexttripwithfriendsgoesassmoothlyaspossible.?__2__Sure,youandyourfriendsprobablyhavesomesimilarinterests,butthat'snotalwaysthecase.Inanefforttokeepeveryonehappy,goovertravelplansandexpectationsaheadoftime.Haveeachpersoncategorizeactivitiesorsightsinto“mustsee”“wanttosee”and“wouldgoifwehavetime”.Planaccordinglyandmakesureeveryonecanseesomeoftheirtopattractions.?Communicateandrespecteachother.Everyonehaspersonalpreferenceswhentravelling—fromgettingthebedclosesttothebathroomorsittingintheairplane'swindowseat.Butsometimesthingsdon'tgoasyoulike.Inthiscase,shareyourrequirementsdirectlywithyourtravelcompanions.__3__Haveaconversationwhenproblemsarise,forcommunicationisthekey.?Don'tdisappear.Whentravellingwithagroup—orevenjustoneotherperson—youmaywantalonesometime.That'scompletelyfine,butmakesureyourfriendsknowwhereyouareandhaveawayofcontactingyou.__4__?Getoffyourphone.Ofcourse,yourfriendswillunderstandifyouneedtotakeacallfromafamilymember,orintheeventofaworkemergency,butotherthanthat,trytostayoffyourphone.__5__Afterall,theappealofthistypeoftripistospendtimewithfriends.Justenjoyit!A．Giveeachothersomespace.B．Includeatleastoneactivityforeveryone.C．Andrememberthatconsiderationandrespectgoalongway.D．Atthesametime,listentotheirconcernsandberespectfulofthem.E．Don'trespondtonon-urgentworkcontactorsendmessagesfrequently.F．It'sespeciallytrueoftravellinginforeigncountriesorunfamiliarplaces.G．Soit'simportanttomakesureyouandyourfriendsareonthesamepage.Ⅲ.完形填空[2024·棗莊市高三模擬]WhenyouwalkthroughthedoorsofMortonPlantHospitalonanearlyTuesdayafternoon,you'llbegreetedbythecomfortingvoiceofMaryEllenOwens.Owens,whoisnow98,started__1__atthehospitalafterherhusbanddiednearly20yearsago.“Myhusbandwasa(n)__2__here,offandonforaboutsixweeksoverfouryears，”she__3__.“Everyoneatthehospitalhadbeensogoodtouswhenhewassick.”Toshowher__4__，Owenswantedtogivebackinabigway.“Idon'thaveseveralmilliondollars,butIcangivemy__5__，”shesaid.Owensisapproaching7,000hoursinvolunteertime.“Iusedtogivethreedaysaweek，”shesaid.“NowI'm__6__.Idon'tgetaroundasmuchasI__7__，soIonlygiveonedayaweek.”Togettoherweeklyfour-hour__8__，Owensreceivesaridefromavolunteerwhoshenowcallsherfriend.“Every__9__，Richardpicksmeupfrommyhomeandbringsmehere，”shesaid.“Idon'tbelievepeopleofmyageshouldbe__10__.”Inheryoungeryears,OwensusedtowalkupanddownthefashionrunwaysinNewYorkCityandRichmond,Virginia.Shealsohada(n)__11__tobeinthe1939classicfilmGonewiththeWind.Becauseshehadotherworkatthetime,however,Owens__12__toturnitdown.“WhatIdidn'tdoinmylifeismore__13__thanwhatI'vedone，”shelaughs.__14__she'sinhergoldenyears,Owensplanstocontinuetoliveherlifewith__15__bygreetingeachpatientwithasmile.1．A.volunteeringB．trainingC．workingD．nursing2．A.doctorB．expertC．patientD．a(chǎn)ssistant3．AmentedB．promisedC．respondedD．explained4．A.attitudeB．a(chǎn)ppreciationC．sympathyD．response5．A.handB．loveC．smileD．time6．A.oldB．strongC．sickD．lucky7．A.hadtoB．hopedtoC．usedtoD．oughtto8．A.standB．rideC．turnD．shift9．A.dayB．MondayC．morningD．Tuesday10．A.strugglingB．drivingC．runningD．changing11．A.partB．characterC．performanceD．opportunity12．A.decidedB．hopedC．a(chǎn)greedD．happened13．A.difficultB．interestingC．well-paidD．challenging14．A.NowthatB．GuessingthatC．SupposingthatD．Exceptthat15．A.reliefB．successC．purposeD．spiritⅣ.讀后續(xù)寫閱讀下面材料，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。[2024·菏澤市模擬]HonoluluisthecapitalandlargestcityoftheU．S.stateofHawaii,knownasabestvacationspotformostAmericans.Inthiscapitalcity,you'llfindeverythingfromhistoriclandmarkstofinediningtoworld-classshopping.Stretchingacrossthesoutheasternshoresoftheisland,fromPearlHarbortoMakapuuPointandincludingworld-famousWaikikiBeachalongtheway,HonoluluishometothemajorityofOahu'spopulation.MichaelAnthonyisoneofthem.Michaelgetstocallthisplacehome.There'sonlyoneproblem—heishomeless.Unabletoaffordtoliveinhisownplace,hereliesonthestreetsandbeachesofthischarmingcitytoresthishead.Healsotakesadvantageofthebeautifulweatherbyplayingbaseballoutside.Hehadatoughlifebutwashappyandpositive.Earninghimselfthenickname(外號(hào)),“BaseballMike”，manyofhisfriendsknowwheretofindhim—ontheroofofaformerparkinggarage.There,hepracticeshisskills,inthehopeofonedaymakingitbig.OntheverymorningofthisFriday,Mikewashittingsomebaseballswhenhelostoneinanarrowgap.Afterlosingatotalofsixballs,hedecidedtogodownafterthem.ThespacebetweenthewallswassonarrowthatMikewasn'tsurehowhecouldfit.Butthinkingthosebaseballsweresomeofhisonlybelongings,Mikecouldn'taffordtolosethem.Hedecidedtogodowntogetthem.The55-year-oldmanmadehiswaydownthegap,butthingsquicklyturneddifficult.“IsawitwasnarrowatthebottombutI'mthin,verythin，”Mikesaidlater.Momentslater,thespacewastoosmallforhimtofit,yethekeptgoingwithhiseyeonhisbaseballs.Ashewentdownalittlelowerandalittlelower,herealizedtheremightbenowaycomingbackandhehadactuallygothimselfstuckbetweentwowalls.Mikefeltworried.留意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2．請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。Hebegantothinkofallmeanstogetout.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Onepasser-byheardhisshoutandtelephonedthepolice.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________課時(shí)作業(yè)(十五)Ⅰ.閱讀理解語(yǔ)篇類型：夾敘夾議文主題語(yǔ)境：人與自我——相識(shí)自我——重視因年齡增長(zhǎng)而帶來的才智【語(yǔ)篇解讀】文章開頭作者敘述了自己雖然頭發(fā)變白但不再染發(fā)，從而受到別人的好評(píng)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，接著表達(dá)了自己對(duì)變老的看法。作者認(rèn)為染發(fā)奢侈金錢和時(shí)間，追求自然、重視因年齡增長(zhǎng)而帶來的才智才是重要的。1．答案與解析：D考查細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)其次段，尤其是該段中的“Itwasexpensiveandtimeconsuming”可知，作者認(rèn)為染發(fā)花費(fèi)許多金錢且費(fèi)時(shí)。2．答案與解析：C考查推理推斷。依據(jù)第四段，尤其是最終一句“IjustwishmoreofuswouldfeelthatitisOKtobeourselves,becausegoinggrayhasdonemoreformethansavingmetimeandmoney”和第六段中的“Ishouldspenditdoingwhatmatters”以及第七段的最終一句可推知，依據(jù)作者的觀點(diǎn)，當(dāng)我們變老時(shí)我們應(yīng)當(dāng)接受它并實(shí)行主動(dòng)的行動(dòng)。3．答案與解析：B考查寫作意圖。本文作者首先敘述自己雖然頭發(fā)變白但不再染發(fā)，從而受到別人的好評(píng)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，然后表達(dá)自己對(duì)變老的看法——染發(fā)奢侈金錢和時(shí)間，追求自然、重視因年齡增長(zhǎng)而帶來的才智才是重要的。由此可推知，作者寫本文的目的是共享她對(duì)變老的看法。4．答案與解析：D考查標(biāo)題推斷。依據(jù)全文的內(nèi)容，尤其是最終一段第一句“Iseemygrayhairasalittleactofrebellion(反叛)againsttheideathatpeoplelosevalueastheyage，insteadofgainingit”可知，D項(xiàng)“重視因年齡增長(zhǎng)而帶來的才智”最適合作文章標(biāo)題。Ⅱ.七選五語(yǔ)篇類型：說明文主題語(yǔ)境：人與社會(huì)——人際交往——和摯友出行時(shí)保持良好關(guān)系的技巧【語(yǔ)篇解讀】文章介紹了和摯友旅行的時(shí)候應(yīng)當(dāng)遵循的規(guī)則，以確保旅行順當(dāng)。1．答案與解析：G考查上下文連接?？崭袂罢f和摯友一起旅行肯定是一次奇異的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，在旅行中你們可能創(chuàng)建終生的回憶，也可能最終毀掉你們的友情?？崭窈笳f這里有一些你應(yīng)當(dāng)遵循的規(guī)則來確保你和摯友下一次的旅行盡可能地順當(dāng)。G項(xiàng)“所以確保你和你的摯友看法一樣是很重要的”承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。2．答案與解析：B'考查段落主旨句。依據(jù)本段最終一句可知，要有依據(jù)地安排，確保每個(gè)人都能看到他們心中最棒的景點(diǎn)。B項(xiàng)“每個(gè)人至少有一個(gè)活動(dòng)”引出下文，符合語(yǔ)境。且B項(xiàng)中的“activity”和該段倒數(shù)其次句中的“categorizeactivities”相呼應(yīng)。故選B。3．答案與解析：D'考查上下文連接?？崭袂罢f，干脆和你的旅行伙伴共享你的要求，空格后說，當(dāng)問題出現(xiàn)時(shí)，進(jìn)行交談，因?yàn)闇贤ㄊ顷P(guān)鍵。D項(xiàng)“同時(shí)，傾聽他們關(guān)注的事情，敬重他們”與上下文緊密連接，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。4．答案與解析：F'考查上下文連接?？崭袂罢f要確保你的摯友知道你在哪里，并且有方法聯(lián)系你，說明這是在不熟識(shí)的環(huán)境要做的事情。F項(xiàng)“尤其是在國(guó)外或不熟識(shí)的地方旅行”與上文連接緊密，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。5．答案與解析：E'考查上下文連接?？崭袂罢f放下手機(jī)。當(dāng)然，假如你須要接家人的電話，或者遇到工作緊急狀況，你的摯友會(huì)理解的，但除此之外，盡量遠(yuǎn)離手機(jī)。E項(xiàng)“不要回復(fù)非緊急工作聯(lián)系人，也不要常常發(fā)送消息”承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E。Ⅲ.完形填空【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文屬于記敘文，講解并描述了Owens因丈夫生病住院時(shí)受人幫助而在丈夫去世后去醫(yī)院做志愿者以回饋他人的事跡。1．答案與解析：A依據(jù)第三段首句“Owensisapproaching7,000hoursinvolunteertime.”可知，Owens在醫(yī)院里做志愿者工作。2．答案與解析：C依據(jù)下文的“Everyoneatthehospitalhadbeensogoodtouswhenhewassick.”可知，Owens的丈夫曾經(jīng)是醫(yī)院的一位病人。3．答案與解析：D依據(jù)Owens所說的她丈夫生病在這家醫(yī)院時(shí)受人幫助，她也想盡其所能幫助他人可知，此處Owens是在說明自己做志愿者的緣由。comment“評(píng)論，發(fā)表看法”；promise“保證，答應(yīng)”；respond“作出反應(yīng)，回應(yīng)”；explain“說明，說明”。4．答案與解析：B依據(jù)上文的“Everyoneatthehospitalhadbeensogoodtouswhenhewassick.”和下文的“Owenswantedtogivebackinabigway.”可知，Owens想要表達(dá)謝意。appreciation“感謝，感謝”。5．答案與解析：D依據(jù)下文的“volunteertime”“givethreedaysaweek”“giveonedayaweek”可知，此處表示Owens雖然沒有太多錢，但她能賜予她的時(shí)間。6．答案與解析：A依據(jù)其次段首句的“Owens,whoisnow98”可知，現(xiàn)在Owens年紀(jì)大了。7．答案與解析：C依據(jù)上文的“Iusedtogivethreedaysaweek”和下文的“soIonlygiveonedayaweek”可知，Owens不能像過去那樣走動(dòng)了。usedto意為“過去常?！?。8．答案與解析：D依據(jù)上文對(duì)Owens志愿工作的描述可知，她須要在醫(yī)院輪班工作。此處shift意為“(工作人員在工廠、醫(yī)院等輪值工作的)當(dāng)班時(shí)間，輪班”。9．答案與解析：D依據(jù)文章首句“WhenyouwalkthroughthedoorsofMortonPlantHospitalonanearlyTuesdayafternoon...voiceofMaryEllenOwens.”可知，Owens每周二去醫(yī)院。10．答案與解析：B依據(jù)上文的“Owens,whoisnow98”“Owensreceivesaridefromavolunteerwhoshenowcallsherfriend.”可知，Owens認(rèn)為她這個(gè)年紀(jì)的人不應(yīng)當(dāng)再開車了。11．答案與解析：D依據(jù)上文的“Owensusedtowalkupanddownthefashionrunways”和下文的“Becauseshehadotherworkatthetime...turnitdown.”可知，她曾經(jīng)有機(jī)會(huì)出演電影《亂世佳人》。12．答案與解析：A依據(jù)空前的“Becauseshehadotherworkatthetime”可知，因?yàn)镺wens當(dāng)時(shí)有其他工作，所以她確定拒絕出演。13．答案與解析：B依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示Owens覺得自己在生活中沒有做的事比做過的更好玩。interesting“好玩的，有吸引力的”符合語(yǔ)境。difficult“困難的”；wellpaid“薪金優(yōu)厚的，高薪的”；challenging“富于挑戰(zhàn)性的”。14．答案與解析：A依據(jù)句意可知