02湖北荊州卷-2023年中考英語摸底卷

【名師研究】2023年中考英語摸底卷02湖北荊州卷一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．—Weteenagersshouldlookuptothepeople______havemadegreatachievementstoourcountry,likeYuanLongping.—Ithinkso.A．who B．what C．which D．whose【答案】A【解析】句意：——我們青少年應(yīng)該尊敬像袁隆平這樣為國家做出巨大成就的人?！乙策@樣認(rèn)為?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。who在定語從句中指人，在句中作主語或賓語；what不能引導(dǎo)定語從句；which在定語從句中指物，在句中作主語或賓語；whose在定語從句中指人或物，在句中作定語。根據(jù)語境可知，我們應(yīng)該尊重像袁隆平這樣的人，先行詞people指人，且從句缺少主語，故應(yīng)用who來引導(dǎo)定語從句。故選A。2．NotonlyJimbutalsoLucy____________afewcitiessincetheycametoChina.A．willvisit B．visited C．havevisited D．hasvisited【答案】D【解析】句意：自從他們來中國以來，不只Jim而且Lucy也參觀了一些城市?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。willvisit一般將來時(shí)；visited一般過去時(shí)；havevisited現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；hasvisited現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，has是have的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。根據(jù)句中“…sincetheycametoChina”可知，這里表示從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，排除A和B。主語是NotonlyJimbutalsoLucy，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)根據(jù)就近原則，與Lucy一致，助動(dòng)詞用has。故選D。3．—Doyouknow___________?—Yes.They’llgotherebytrainat8:30tomorrowmorning.A．howwouldtheyleaveforBeijingB．howwilltheyleaveforBeijingC．howtheywouldleaveforBeijingD．howtheywillleaveforBeijing【答案】D【解析】句意：——你知道他們什么時(shí)候出發(fā)去北京嗎？——知道。他們明天早上8:30乘火車去那里?？疾橘e語從句。howwouldtheyleaveforBeijing過去將來時(shí)，疑問句語序；howwilltheyleaveforBeijing一般將來時(shí)，疑問句語序；howtheywouldleaveforBeijing過去將來時(shí)，陳述句語序；howtheywillleaveforBeijing一般將來時(shí)，陳述句語序。根據(jù)答語中“at8:30tomorrowmorning”可知，問句時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為一般將來時(shí)，且問句為賓語從句，應(yīng)為陳述句語序。故選D。4．—Whichoftheshirtsdoyoulikebetter?—I’lltake________.Theyareexpensiveandoutoffashion.A．neither B．either C．none D．both【答案】A【解析】句意：——你更喜歡哪件襯衫？——我都不要。它們又貴又過時(shí)?？疾椴欢ù~辨析。neither兩者都不；either兩者之一；none三者或以上都不；both兩者都。根據(jù)“Whichoftheshirtsdoyoulikebetter?”可知，此處使用better比較級(jí)，所以是兩者之間比較；又因?yàn)椤癟heyareexpensiveandoutoffashion.”可知，說話人兩者都不喜歡。故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】解答普通不定代詞類題目時(shí)，要判斷表示兩者還是三者及以上；表示肯定還是否定等：表示兩者用both，either和neither，肯定用both，否定用neither，二者選其一用either；表示三者或三者以上用all，none，some，any等，肯定用all，否定用none。5．一Mum,willyoutakemetotheparktomorrow?一Ifit_______rainy.A．won’t B．doesn’t C．isn’t D．won’tbe【答案】C【解析】句意：——媽媽，你明天會(huì)帶我去公園嗎？——如果不下雨的話。考查條件狀語從句。A.won’t將不；B.doesn’t不；C.isn’t不；D.won’tbe將不。if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”的時(shí)態(tài)原則，主句用了一般將來時(shí)，if引導(dǎo)的從句則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故排除AD。否定形容詞借助be動(dòng)詞，否定實(shí)意動(dòng)詞借助助動(dòng)詞，因?yàn)閞ainy為形容詞，所以用be動(dòng)詞，故選C。6．—Haveyoueverbeentoaconcertrecently?—Well.IamsobusythatIcan’t________timetoenjoyaconcert.A．spend B．a(chǎn)void C．spare D．take【答案】C【解析】句意：——你最近去過音樂會(huì)嗎？——唉。我太忙了，抽不出時(shí)間去聽音樂會(huì)。考查動(dòng)詞辨析。spend花費(fèi)；avoid避免；spare抽出，拿出（時(shí)間、金錢等）；take花費(fèi)。根據(jù)“Iamsobusy”可知太忙了抽不出時(shí)間。故選C。7．—________interestingscienceclasswehadtoday!—Yes!NowIknowmoreabouthowtheearthandthesunmove!A．Whatan B．What C．Howan D．How【答案】A【解析】句意：——今天我們上了一堂多么有趣的科學(xué)課??！——是的！現(xiàn)在我對(duì)地球和太陽的運(yùn)動(dòng)有了更多的了解?？疾楦袊@句的用法。感嘆句的結(jié)構(gòu)有：how+形容詞/副詞+主謂，what+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+主謂，以及what+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞/可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+主謂。根據(jù)“interestingscienceclass”可知，其為名詞短語，中心詞為class，是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)該用what引導(dǎo)感嘆句，又因?yàn)閕nteresting是以元音音素開頭的單詞，所以前面用不定冠詞an。故選A。8．Doctorsalwaystrytodo________tosavepatients.A．a(chǎn)nythingpossible B．possibleanything C．everythingpossible D．possibleeverything【答案】C【解析】句意：醫(yī)生總是盡一切可能挽救病人的生命?？疾椴欢ù~。anything任何事；everything每件事，一切；possible可能的。結(jié)合語境和“Doctorsalwaystrytodo”可知，醫(yī)生總是嘗試一切有可能的事來拯救病人，“一切”應(yīng)用everything，由于形容詞修飾不定代詞時(shí)，應(yīng)放在不定代詞的后面，故此處應(yīng)用everythingpossible。故選C。9．—MayIspeaktoMr.Jones?—I’msorryhe________toShanghai.Buthewillbebackinoneweek.A．went B．goes C．hasgone D．hasbeen【答案】C【解析】句意：——我能和瓊斯先生通話嗎？——我很抱歉他去上海了。但是一周后會(huì)回來。考查時(shí)態(tài)。go去，離開。根據(jù)語境“I’msorryhe...toShanghai.Buthewillbebackinoneweek.”可知，瓊斯先生現(xiàn)在不在，一周后才回來?！癶ave/hasgoneto”譯為“去了某地，沒有回來”；“have/hasbeento”譯為“曾經(jīng)去過某地，現(xiàn)在回來了”。故選C。10．Theopeningof24thWinterOlympicsGameswasheldinBeijing________theeveningofFebruary4th,2022.A．in B．a(chǎn)t C．on D．for【答案】C【解析】句意：第24屆冬奧會(huì)開幕式于2022年2月4日晚在北京舉辦。考查介詞用法辨析。in在……之內(nèi)，后接不具體時(shí)間；at在……點(diǎn)鐘，后常接時(shí)間點(diǎn)；on在……之時(shí)，后接具體時(shí)間；for達(dá)，計(jì)，后接時(shí)間段。根據(jù)“theeveningofFebruary4th,2022”可知，其為具體時(shí)間，故應(yīng)用on。故選C。二、完形填空Onetime,IwaswithagroupofstrangersinIndia.Iwasgivingapresentationwhenthepowersuddenly___11___.Itwasinadarkhall,andIwaswithtwoothercolleagues(同事).Iwasso___12___becausewehadinvitedallthesepeoplehere.Itwasapublictalk,andwecouldn’tdoanythingaboutit.Ourmicrophonewasgone.Therewasnolight.Everyonewassittingherein___13___,andIwasjustthinking,“Ohmygoodness.”Youknow,whenthethinghappened,youfeltlikeyoushouldbein___14___ofit,becauseyouwerehostingtheevent.Iwassoembarrassed,andwejustkeptgoingontalkinginthedark,___15___peoplewouldstay.Itwasreallyridiculous(荒謬的).Imean,therewerenowindows.Nothing.Itwasjustadarkhall.Allofa___16___,amaninthebackputuphisphone,andputthelittlelightfromhisphoneon.Twomorepeople.Threepeople.Then,allpeoplecameon,andeveryonewasshiningtheir___17___oftheirphonesatus.Itlitupthewholehall.___18___them,Ifinishedmypresentationperfectlyatlast.Whenpeoplegaveawarmapplause(掌聲)andpraiseonme,Igotoutmyphoneandtooka___19___ofeveryonewiththeirlightsshiningatme.Itwasthemostbeautifulscene—

feelingthatwe’reallintogether.Thatisnotanyone’sfault.We’rejustallhere,andwe’reall____20____eachother.ItwasthemostbeautifulfeelingoflovefromstrangersI’deverexperienced.11．A．wentin B．wenton C．wentoff D．wentout12．A．a(chǎn)fraid B．embarrassed C．thankful D．unbelievable13．A．darkness B．warmth C．a(chǎn)ttention D．business14．A．feeling B．difficulty C．control D．kindness15．A．warming B．a(chǎn)sking C．explaining D．hoping16．A．mistake B．sudden C．step D．disbelief17．A．lights B．hands C．glasses D．eyes18．A．Accordingto B．Aslongas C．Inorderto D．Thanksto19．A．treasure B．spirit C．picture D．passage20．A．supporting B．recording C．collecting D．considering【短文大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在一次演講時(shí)突然停電，正在作者萬分尷尬時(shí)，在一個(gè)男子的帶動(dòng)下，大家打開的手電筒照亮，最后作者完美地完成演講，作者十分感動(dòng)?！敬鸢附馕觥?1．句意：我正在做演講，突然停電了。wentin進(jìn)去；wenton繼續(xù)；wentoff響起；wentout熄滅。根據(jù)“Itwasinadarkhall”可知應(yīng)是停電了，故選D。12．句意：我是如此的尷尬，因?yàn)槭俏覀冄?qǐng)所有這些人到。afraid害怕；embarrassed尷尬的；thankful感謝的；unbelievable難以置信的。根據(jù)“becausewehadinvitedallthesepeoplehere”和“Itwasapublictalk,andwecouldn’tdoanythingaboutit”可知應(yīng)是尷尬的，故選B。13．句意：每個(gè)人都坐在黑暗里，我只是在想“哦，天哪”。darkness黑暗；warmth溫暖；attention注意；business生意。根據(jù)“Therewasnolight.”可知沒有光，故選A。14．句意：你知道當(dāng)事情發(fā)生時(shí)，你感覺你好像應(yīng)該掌控這個(gè)局面，因?yàn)槟阏鬓k這個(gè)活動(dòng)。feeling情感；difficulty困難；control控制；kindness仁慈。結(jié)合備選項(xiàng)可知beincontrolof“掌控”符合語境，故選C。15．句意：我是如此的尷尬以至于我們繼續(xù)在黑暗中演講，希望人們不要走。warming使溫暖；asking問；explaining解釋；hoping希望。根據(jù)上文可知作者是主辦方，所以應(yīng)是希望人們呆在那不走，故選D。16．句意：突然，后面的一個(gè)人舉起他的并且打開他上的小燈。mistake錯(cuò)誤；sudden突然；step步驟；disbelief懷疑。結(jié)合備選詞匯可知allofasudden“突然”符合語境，故選B。17．句意：然后所有的人都打開上的手電筒照耀著我們。lights燈；hands手；glasses眼鏡；eyes眼睛。根據(jù)上題可知應(yīng)是打開上的小燈，故選A。18．句意：多虧了他們，最后我完美地完成了我的講座。accordingto根據(jù)；aslongas只要；inorderto為了；thanksto多虧了。根據(jù)上文可知停電的情況下，他們?yōu)樽髡咛峁┝说墓饬?，所以多虧了他們，故選D。19．句意：我拿出我的拍了一張大家將他們的手電筒照向我的照片。treasure財(cái)寶；spirit精神；picture圖片；passage篇章。結(jié)合備選詞匯可知takeapicture“照相”符合語境，故選C。20．句意：我們都在這兒，并且我們所有的人互相支持。supporting支持；recording錄制；collecting收集；considering考慮。根據(jù)上文可知大家彼此支持，故選A。閱讀單選A21．Inwhichofthefollowingmightthepassageefrom?A．Anewspaper. B．Aguidebook.C．Ahealthreport. D．Acopyofinstructions.22．Ifyoubuyonemediumfirmandtwomediumsoft,howmuchdoyoujustneedtopay?A．￡49.99 B．￡59.98 C．￡79.98 D．￡89.9723．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．ThepillowisdesignedinAmerica.B．Onlythesoftpillowsareavailable.C．Thepillowismadeoftwokindsofmaterial.D．Theshapeofthepillowwon’tchangeatnight.【短文大意】本文是一則有關(guān)枕頭的廣告，包括它的價(jià)格、性能等?！敬鸢附馕觥?1．推理判斷題。本文是一則有關(guān)枕頭的廣告，故文章可能出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙上。故選A。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“SingleGxpillows@￡29.99each”以及“TwinpackGXpillows@￡49.99perpack”可知單人枕頭每個(gè)29.99英鎊，2個(gè)中等軟度的枕頭是49.99英鎊，故三個(gè)枕頭需要79.98英鎊。故選C。23．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thelastesttechnologykeepstheshapeofthepillowthroughtthenight”以及“Stayfullallnightlong”可知最新的技術(shù)使枕頭的形狀整夜保持不變。故選D。BFeelingsweatyfromasummerheatwave?Don’tworry—notallyoursweat*hastogotowaste.ResearchersfromUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiegohavedevelopedanewdevice*thatproducesenergyfromthesweatonyourfingertips.Thedeviceiscalledabiofuelcell(BFC).Fromtheoutside,itlookslikeasimplepieceoffilmconnectedtoelectrodes.Sohowdoesthedevicework?Whenyoustickthebiofuelcelltoyourfinger,ittakesinsweat.Theenzymes*ontheelectrodesthenhelptoproduceelectricity.Besidesusingthesweat,thedevicealsoproducessmallamountsofenergywhenitispressed,sodailyactivitiesliketyping,texting,orplayingthepianoareallgoodwaystogenerateelectricity.Somepeoplemaythinkitqueertochoosefingertipsasthesourceofsweat,butinfact,theyarethesweatiestpartofthebody.Eachfingerproducesbetween100and1,000timesmoresweatthanmostotherareas.Todate,thedeviceisthemosteffectiveon—bodyenergyproducer.Beforeitisinvented,mostpowerproducingwearabledevicesrequirewearerstoperformexerciseordependonothersources,suchassunlightorlargechangesintemperature.Butthenewdeviceusesapassivesystemtoproduceelectricityfromsweatinyourfingertips.evenifyouaresleepingorsittingpletelystill.OneoftheresearchersLuYinsaid,“Uniikeothersweat—poweredwearablesthisonerequiresnoexercise,nophysicalinputfromthewearerinordertobeuseful.Thisworkisastepforwardtomakingwearablesmorepractical,convenientandaccessible.”It’salsoquitefortabletowearthedevice.Thesizeofthedeviceisabout1cm2.Itsmaterialisflexibleaswell.“Soyoudon’tneedtoworryaboutitbeingtoorigidorfeelingstrange.Youcanfortablywearitforalongperiodoftime,”saidYin.However,atthemoment,thedevicecanonlystoreupalittlebitpower,andwouldtakeaboutthreeweeksofconstantweartopowerasmartphone,buttheresearchershopetoincreaseitspowerinthefuture.24．Abiofuelcellcan________.A．protectfingertips B．causeaheatwaveC．makeuseofsweat D．developnewdevices25．Theunderlinedword“queer”probablymeans________.A．strange B．unsafe C．dirty D．traditional26．Whilewearingthebiofuelcell,whocanmakethebiofuelcellwork?①Edwardhasagoodsleepinhisbed.②Bettysendsatextmessagetohermom.③Nickplaysbasketballwithhisclassmates④Lilydriesthesweatonherhandswithafan.A．②③④ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．①②③27．Whatistheadvantageofthebiofuelcell?A．Itcaninfluencethetemperaturegreatly.B．Itcanpowerasmartphoneinaday.C．Itmakesyoufortablewhenyou’reinpain.D．Itworksfornearly24hoursadaywhenyouwearit.【短文大意】本文是說明文，介紹了新科技生物燃料電池?！敬鸢附馕觥?4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Whenyoustickthebiofuelcelltoyourfinger,ittakesinsweat.”和“Besidesusingthesweat,thedevicealsoproducessmallamountsofenergywhenitispressed”可知，生物燃料電池可以利用汗水。故選C。25．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“choosefingertipsasthesourceofsweat”和“butinfact,theyarethesweatiestpartofthebody.”可知，人們普遍認(rèn)為指尖的汗水比較少，所以利用指尖的汗水作為來源對(duì)人們來說是很奇怪的，故選A。26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“sodailyactivitiesliketyping,texting,orplayingthepianoareallgoodwaystogenerateelectricity”和“Butthenewdeviceusesapassivesystemtoproduceelectricityfromsweatinyourfingertips,evenifyouaresleepingorsittingpletelystul.”可知，人們?nèi)粘ＫX，發(fā)信息還有運(yùn)動(dòng)都會(huì)讓生物燃料電池運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，故選D。27．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Youcanfortablywearitforalongperiodoftime”可知，當(dāng)你戴著它的時(shí)候，它幾乎一天24小時(shí)都在工作。故選D。CInspace,it’simpossibletogooutsideaspacecraftwithoutwearingaspacesuit.Temperaturesinthesunlightcanreach120℃.Withoutaspacesuityourbloodwouldboilandyourbodywouldbreakopen.Andyou`dbeexposedtodangerousradiationfromtheSun.Intheshade,withtemperaturesfallingto100℃,youwouldfreezetodeath.Andoneothersmallthing—there’snooxygen,soyouwouldn’tbeabletobreathe.Aspacesuitismadeoflotsofdifferentlayers,allprotectingtheastronautfromthedangersofwalkinginspace.Theouterlayersconnecttogethersothatalloftheastronaut’sbodyiscovered.OntheastronautschestistheHardUpperTorsopiece,orHUT.AllthecontrolsforthespacesuitareontheHUT.AirandwatertubesconnecttheHUTtoabackpackthattheastronautwears.Thebackpackholdsoxygenandwaterandprovideselectricityforthesuit.Afanmovestheoxygenthroughthesuitsotheastronautcanbreathe.Andthewaterflowsthroughaspecialpieceofclothingthatiswornunderthesuit—theLiquidCoolingandVentilationGarment.Itisfulloftubes.Waterflowsthroughthemtokeeptheastronautcoolduringaspacewalk.Thebackpackalsohasaradioinit.Thisradioisconnectedtoacapontheastronaut’sheadunderthelargehelmet.Thisallowstheastronauttotalkwiththeothersinthespacecraft,andwithpeopleontheEarth.Altogether,aspacesuithasfourteenlayers.Onegarmentisrathersurprising.Somespacewalkscanlastforsixoreighthours.Therearenotoiletsoutthere,soaveryimportantpartofthespacesuitisadiaper!28．Thecontrolsforaspacesuitareonthe___________.A．helmet B．HardUpperTorsopieceC．backpack D．LiquidCoolingandVentilationGarment29．___________keepsastronautscoolinaspacesuit.A．Drinkinglotsofwater B．GoingoutsideaspacecraftC．Waterflowsthroughtubes D．Aradioisconnectedtoacap30．Adiaperis___________.A．a(chǎn)ninstrumentthatprovideselectricityB．a(chǎn)ninventorthatweusetomakeairmoveC．a(chǎn)kindofbagorboxthatyouwearonyourbackD．a(chǎn)pieceofcloththatababywearsbetweenitslegs31．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Tointroducethedangersofastronautsinspace.B．Toexplainhowastronautsmunicateinthesky.C．TodiscusstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofspacesuitsD．Todescribethemainpartsofaspacesuitandhowtheywork.【短文大意】本文描述了宇航服的主要部件及其工作原理?！敬鸢附馕觥?8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“OntheastronautschestistheHardUpperTorsopiece,orHUT.AllthecontrolsforthespacesuitareontheHUT.”可知在宇航員的胸部是硬上軀干，或HUT。宇航服的所有控制裝置都在HUT上。故選B。29．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Itisfulloftubes.Waterflowsthroughthemtokeeptheastronautcoolduringaspacewalk.”可知宇航服充滿了管子，在太空行走中，水流過管子，使宇航員保持涼爽。故選C。30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Therearenotoiletsoutthere,soaveryimportantpartofthespacesuitisadiaper!”可知太空沒有廁所，所以宇航服的一個(gè)非常重要的部分就是尿布。推知是類似嬰兒穿的尿布。故選D。31．主旨大意題。通讀全文，可知本文描述了宇航服的主要部件及其工作原理。故選D。DThesedaysthereissomuchtemptingtechnologytolookat:smartphones,tabletputers,putergamesandTVscreens.Muchofourentertainmentandeducationesfromusingthem,soit’snowonderwespendsomuchtimestaringatthem.Butevenifthesayingthatlookingatascreenfortoolonggivesyousquareeyesisn’ttrue,thereisstillsomeconcernthatitcanaffectyoureyesight.So,shouldwebeworried?Certainlyforchildrenwhospendhoursgluedtoascreenthereisaconcernthattheirhealthmightbeatrisk.Thelackofphysicalactivitycanleadtoanincreaseintheirweight.Butthereisafearthattheireyesightisbeingworse,too.Althoughthere’snotmuchevidencetoprovethisyet,recentfindingshaveopenedoureyestotheproblem.KatherineSellgrenfromBBCNewsinterviewedChrisHammond,professorofophthalmologyatKing’sCollegeLondonandconsultantophthalmicsurgeonatStThomas’Hospital.Hesaid,“Weknowthatmyopia,orshortsightedness,isbeingmoremon...IthasreachedaveryhighlevelinEastAsiaandSingapore,whereingnearto90%of18yearoldsarenowshortsighted.”Butcanthisbeconnectedtochildren’sobsessionwithusingelectronicproducts?AnnegretDahlmannNoor,consultantophthalmologistatMoorfieldsEyeHospitalinLondonsayslackofnaturallightseemstobethekeyreason.ShealsothinkschildreninEastAsiastudyalot,usingputers,smartphonesortabletputers,andtheygooutsideless,whichcouldbeacauseofshortsightedness.Wearingglassesisonesolution,butit’snotperfectormostsuitable.Thisleadstoadilemma:achievingshorttermsuccessinstudyorprotectingyourlongtermeyesight.It’salwaysgoingtobeachallengetopullchildrenawayfromtheirscreensanditslikelythatmoreandmorestudyingwillbedoneonline,throughascreen.ProfessorHammondsays,“incountrieslikeurbanChina,where10%ofchildrenineachclassperyeararebeingshortsightedfromabouttheageofsix,there’sanargumentforsayingweshouldbetryingtopreventit.”It’sevidencewecan’tturnablindeyeto.So,maybeit’stimetohitthe“off”buttonandgetourchildrenoutside!32．Whatwillhappentoakidifhekeepshiseyesonthetabletputerforalongtime?A．Hewillbeemoreactive. B．Hiseyesightwillbeeweak.C．Hewilllearnalotfromthetablet. D．Hislookingshouldbedressedup.33．WhichareahasthehighestshortsightednessrateaccordingtotheprofessoratKing’scollege?A．InEastAsia. B．InWestAsia.C．InSouthAsia. D．InMiddleEast.34．Moreandmorechildrenhaveshortsightednessproblembecausethey________.A．sleepless,oftenplayinggames B．studyalot,hardlygoingoutsideC．focusonsmartphonesallthetime D．stayinnaturallightforalongtime35．Whatsuggestioncanwegetfromthelastparagraph?A．10%ofchildrenofeachclassinChinacitiesarebeingshortsighted.B．Mostchildrensucceedintheirsubjectsinshorttermsbut10%shortsighted.C．Allchildrenshouldbepulledfromelectricproductsliketabletsandsmartphones.D．Somepropermeasuresshouldbetakentodealwiththemyopiaproblemofthechildren.【短文大意】本文論述了智能、平板電腦、電腦游戲和電視屏幕等在使用的過程中因?yàn)殚L(zhǎng)時(shí)間看屏幕而影響視力的現(xiàn)象?！敬鸢附馕觥?2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“childreninEastAsiastudyalot,usingputers,smartphonesortabletputers,andtheygooutsideless,whichcouldbeacauseofshortsightedness.”可知孩子學(xué)習(xí)很多，使用電腦、智能或平板電腦，很少外出，這可能是近視的原因。推知長(zhǎng)時(shí)間盯著平板電腦會(huì)使得視力變?nèi)?。故選B。33．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“IthasreachedaveryhighlevelinEastAsiaandSingapore,whereingnearto90%of18yearoldsarenowshortsighted.”可知在東亞和新加坡，近視已達(dá)到很高的水平，近90%的18歲青少年現(xiàn)在近視。故選A。34．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“childreninEastAsiastudyalot,usingputers,smartphonesortabletputers,andtheygooutsideless,whichcouldbeacauseofshortsightedness.”可知孩子學(xué)習(xí)很多，使用電腦、智能或平板電腦，很少外出，這可能是近視的原因。故選B。35．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“So,maybeit’stimetohitthe“off”buttonandgetourchildrenoutside!”可知是時(shí)候讓我們的孩子出去了，即讓孩子們盡可能遠(yuǎn)離屏幕保護(hù)視力。也就是應(yīng)該采取一些適當(dāng)?shù)拇胧﹣硖幚韮和慕晢栴}。故選D。四、閱讀還原5選5閱讀以下幾種關(guān)于故事開頭的寫作手法，完成后面的任務(wù)。Agoodbeginningofastoryintereststhereadersandleavesthemwantingmore.Howtowritethebeginningofastory?Hereareseveralways.請(qǐng)將上面A、B、C、D、E五種寫作手法與下面關(guān)于“TheLittleMatchGirl”故事開頭進(jìn)行匹配，在空白處填寫相應(yīng)的字母。____36____ItwasChristmasEvewithheavysnow.Thewindwasblowingstrongly.Manypeopleweregettingtogetherintheirwarmhomes.Alittlegirlwassellingmatchesonthecoldanddarkstreet.____37____“Matches!Pleasebuymymatches!?”Thelittlegirlsigned,“Nobodybuysanymatches!”____38____Thepoorlittlematchgirlwasdressedinshabbyclothesandhadnoshoeson.Shefeltsocoldandhungry.____39____Haveyouheardthestoryofthelittlegirlwhosoldmatches?ItisawellknownfairytalewrittenbyAndersen.____40____Mostofushaveahappychildhood,buttherewasapoorlittlegirlwhomadealivingbysellingmatches.Ithinkshewasweak,poorandhelpless.A．Question.Startastorywithaquestion.B．Character.Introducethecharactersofthestory.C．Sound.Makesomesoundtomakethestorylively.D．Opinion.Shareanopinionwhichmatchesthestory.E．Background.Describethebackgroundofthestorysuchastheweather,theplace,etc.【短文大意】本文主要介紹了如何寫好故事的開頭?！敬鸢附馕觥?6．根據(jù)“ItwasChristmasEvewithheavysnow.Thewindwasblowingstrongly.Manypeopleweregettingtogetherintheirwarmhomes.Alittlegirlwassellingmatchesonthecoldanddarkstreet.”可知，此處描述了故事發(fā)生的背景。選項(xiàng)E“背景。描述故事的背景，如天氣、地點(diǎn)等?！狈险Z境。故選E。37．根據(jù)“Matches!Pleasebuymymatches!?”以及“Thelittlegirlsigned,‘Nobodybuysanymatches!’”可知，此處介紹了聲音。選項(xiàng)C“聲音。制造一些聲音，使故事生動(dòng)活潑。”符合語境。故選C。38．根據(jù)“Thepoorlittlematchgirlwasdressedinshabbyclothesandhadnoshoeson.Shefeltsocoldandhungry.”可知，此處介紹了故事的主人公。選項(xiàng)B“人物。介紹故事中的人物。”符合語境。故選B。39．根據(jù)“Haveyouheardthestoryofthelittlegirlwhosoldmatches?”可知，此處提了一個(gè)問題。選項(xiàng)A“問題。用一個(gè)問題開始一個(gè)故事?！惫蔬xA。40．根據(jù)“Mostofushaveahappychildhood,buttherewasapoorlittlegirlwhomadealivingbysellingmatches.Ithinkshewasweak,poorandhelpless.”可知，作者可以分享自己的觀點(diǎn)來開始這個(gè)故事。選項(xiàng)D“觀點(diǎn)。分享與故事相匹配的觀點(diǎn)。”故選D。五、短文綜合填空閱讀下面的短文，在短文空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或填入括號(hào)中所給單詞的正確形式，使短文的意思完整。將所填答案填寫在答題卡相應(yīng)題號(hào)的橫線上。Tianwen1carriesoutChina’sfirstautonomousMarsexplorationmission(自主火星探測(cè)任務(wù)).OnthemorningofMay15,it____41____(success)landedonMars.ZhangRongqiao,thechiefdesigner,wassoexcitedthathecouldn’thelpcrying.Zhangwaschosenasoneofthetoptenpeople“whohelpedshapescience”in2021bytheBritishmagazineNature.HebecametheonlyChineseonthis____42____(year)list.UndertheleadershipofZhang,China____43____(take)abigstepinspaceexplorationalready.IntheMarsmission,Zhangledateamofthousandsof____44____(research).Theteamwasresponsible____45____technicalworklikeflightcontrolandscientificresearchonMars.Thereweremanychallenges.Theyknewlittleabout____46____specialenvironmentofMars.“Wemaynotevenknowwhatwedonotknowabout,”Zhangsaid.Duringtheprocess,Zhangguidedtheteamtomakethedecisionthatsentanorbiter(軌道飛行器),alander(著陸器)andarover(探測(cè)器)toMarstogetherinonetime—makingChinathe____47____(one)countrytodoso.“That’sagreatprogress____48____Chinaisdoinginasinglego,whichtookNASAseveraltensofyearstodo,”saidRobertoOrosei.ZhangalsomadetheimportantdecisiontolandonUtopiaPlanitia,whereitisbelievedthereare____49____(usual)terrains(地形)forscientiststostudythanelsewhere.Hehopesthatthemissioncandoasmuchresearchaspossibleandbringback“rich”information.Wehavereasonstobelievethatabetterandbrighterfutureofhumanspaceflight____50____(build)throughourhardwork.【短文大意】本文講述了天問一號(hào)執(zhí)行中國首次自主火星探測(cè)任務(wù)，在5月15日上午成功登陸火星，它的總設(shè)計(jì)師是張榮橋。【答案解析】41．句意：5月15日上午，它成功登陸火星。用來修飾空后的動(dòng)詞“l(fā)anded”所以用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞。故填successfully。42．句意：他成為今年榜單上唯一的中國人。根據(jù)空后的“l(fā)ist”可知，這里表示在“今年的”榜單上，用所有格形式。故填year’s。43．句意：在張的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，中國已經(jīng)在太空探索方面邁出了一大步。根據(jù)句子中的“already”可知，是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語是單數(shù)名詞，助動(dòng)詞用has，故填hastaken。44．句意：在火星任務(wù)中，張榮橋帶領(lǐng)了一個(gè)由數(shù)千名研究人員組成的團(tuán)隊(duì)。根據(jù)句子中的“Zhangledateamof”可知這里表示帶領(lǐng)一組“研究人員”，researcher是可數(shù)名詞，用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填researchers。45．句意：該團(tuán)隊(duì)負(fù)責(zé)技術(shù)工作，如飛行控制和火星上的科學(xué)研究。beresponsiblefor“對(duì)……有責(zé)任的”。故填for。46．句意：他們對(duì)火星的特殊環(huán)境知之甚少。根據(jù)句子中的“ofMars”可知，這里特指火星上的特殊環(huán)境。故填the。47．句意：使中國成為第一個(gè)這樣做的國家。根據(jù)空前的“the”可知，這里用序數(shù)詞。故填first。48．句意：這是一個(gè)很大的進(jìn)步，因?yàn)橹袊且淮涡酝瓿傻模绹詈骄只藥资瓴磐??？蘸蟆癈hinaisdoinginasinglego,whichtookNASAseveraltensofyearstodo”是空前“That’sagreatprogress”中國取得了巨大進(jìn)步的原因。故填because。49．句意：張還做出了在烏托邦平原著陸的重要決定，人們相信那里有比其他地方更多不尋常的地形可供科學(xué)家研究。根據(jù)后文“thanelsewhere”及空前的be動(dòng)詞可知，是形容詞的比較級(jí)，由“forscientiststostudy”可知，是不同尋常的地形。故填moreunusual。50．句意：我們有理由相信，通過我們的努力，人類航天將會(huì)有一個(gè)更加美好的未來。根據(jù)前文“Wehavereasonstobelievethatabetterandbrighterfutureof...”可知，這是未來的事情，所以用一般將來時(shí)，主語是“humanspaceflight”，應(yīng)是人類航天“被建造”，所以是一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。故填willbebuilt。六、完成句子51．聽輕音樂讓我更容易入睡。（it）Listeningtolightmusic______________formetofallasleep.【答案】makesiteasier【解析】根據(jù)中英文對(duì)照可知，用于“make+it+adj.+forsb.todosth.”意為“讓某人……做某事”，更容易：easier，描述客觀情況，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語是動(dòng)名詞，謂語動(dòng)詞用單三。故填makesiteasier。52．房間是空的，意味著勞拉還沒有回來。（e）Theroomisempty,whichmeansLaura______________yet.【答案】hasn’teback【解析】根據(jù)“yet”可知，句子的時(shí)態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為have/hasdone，主語是Laura，此處表示否定，應(yīng)在助動(dòng)詞后加“not”，hasnot=hasn’t；回來：eback，動(dòng)詞短語；e的過去分詞是“e”。故填hasn’teback。53．我認(rèn)為這個(gè)問題應(yīng)該快速處理。（deal）Ithinkthisproblem______________quickly.（deal）【答案】shouldbed