2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語Unit3DiverseCultures單元加餐練習(xí)題含解析新人教版必修第三冊(cè)_第1頁
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Unit3DiverseCultures單元加餐練Ⅰ.閱讀理解IntheageofAmazonandtheInternet,theideaofgoingtoapubliclibrarytoborrowabookmayseemevermoreunusualandold-fashionedinmanypartsoftheworld,butonecountry,atleast,isholdingonittightly:theCzechRepublic.Therearelibrarieseverywhereyoulookinthecountry.Thereisonelibraryforevery1,971Czechcitizens—fourtimesasmany,relativetopopulation,astheaverageEuropeancountry,and10timesasmanyastheUnitedStates,whichhasoneforevery19,583people.WhysomanyCzechlibraries?Well,fordecadestheyweremandatory—everycommunity,fromabigcitydowntoatinyvillage,wasrequiredbylawtohaveone.Thelawwasenactedin1919,soonafterCzechoslovakiaemergedasanindependentcountry.ThelibrarylawsurvivedtheGermanoccupationandthebreakupwithSlovakiaintheearly1990s.Whatitcouldn'tsurvivewasbudgetpressure.Tosavemoney,therequirementwasdroppedin2001,whentherewereabout6,019librariesinthecountry;sincethen,about11percenthavebeencombinedorclosed.Now,thesurvivingCzechlibrariesaredoingwhattheycantostayvibrant(生氣勃勃的)andrelevant.Theyserveaslocalmeetingplaces,Theyorganizereadingclubsandartexhibitsandoffercomputerliteracy(讀寫)courses,andtheywelcomegroupsofschoolchildrenandretireesduringtheday.Butmostly,theydowhat92percentofCzechsstillwantthemtogoondoing:Theylendbooks.這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了捷克數(shù)量驚人的圖書館以及擁有如此多圖書館背后的緣由,和后來由于資金短缺,大約11%的圖書館被合并或關(guān)閉。現(xiàn)在的捷克人最常去圖書館借書。1.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.TheriseandfallofCzechlibraries.B.ThedifficultiesCzechlibrariesface.C.ThetransformationoflibraryservicesinCzech.D.TheamazingnumberofCzechlibraries.答案:D解析:段落大意題。依據(jù)第一段最終一句Thereisonelibraryforevery1,971Czechcitizens—fourtimesasmany,relativetopopulation,astheaverageEuropeancountry,and10timesasmanyastheUnitedStates,whichhasoneforevery19,583people.(每1971名捷克公民就擁有一座圖書館,是歐洲平均水平的4倍,是美國的10倍。美國每19583人擁有一座圖書館。)可知第一段主要介紹捷克數(shù)量驚人的圖書館。故選D。2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mandatory”inParagraph2mean?A.Essential. B.Available.C.Compulsory. D.Particular.答案:C解析:詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)下文everycommunity,fromabigcitydowntoatinyvillage,wasrequiredbylawtohaveone.(法律要求每個(gè)社區(qū),從大城市到小村莊,都必需有一個(gè)。)可知捷克圖書館是法律強(qiáng)制要求的,是強(qiáng)制性的,故畫線部分單詞意思為“強(qiáng)制的”。A.Essential.基本的;B.Available.可獲得的;Cpulsory強(qiáng)制的;D.Particular.特殊的;故選C。3.What'sthereasonforCzechlibrariescombinationorclose?A.Themoneyshortage. B.TheGermanoccupation.C.Thegovernment'spolicy. D.ThebreakupwithSlovakia.答案:A解析:細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段最終一句Tosavemoney,therequirementwasdroppedin2001,whentherewereabout6,019librariesinthecountry;sincethen,about11percenthavebeencombinedorclosed.可知為了省錢,要求在2001年被降了下來,當(dāng)時(shí)這個(gè)國家大約有6019座圖書館;從那時(shí)起,大約11%被合并或關(guān)閉。即捷克圖書館合并或關(guān)閉的緣由是資金短缺。故選A。4.Accordingtothetext,peoplegototoday'sCzechlibrariesmostoftento________.A.a(chǎn)dmireworksofart B.borrowbooksC.joinreadingclubs D.learncomputerskills答案:B解析:推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段最終一句Butmostly,theydowhat92percentofCzechsstillwantthemtogoondoing:Theylendbooks.可知,大部分圖書館照舊向外借書,因此推斷現(xiàn)在的捷克人去圖書館許多的時(shí)候是借書。故選B。Ⅱ.七選五Parentsoftensaythattheydon'tmindwhattheirchildrendoinlifejustaslongastheyarehappy.Happinessandpleasurearealmostuniversallyseenasamongthemostprecioushumangoods.__1__PhilosopherJeremyBenthambelievedthatallsourcesofpleasureareofequalquality,butJohnStuartMilldisagreed.Millarguedforadifferencebetweenhigherandlowerpleasure.__2__Lowerpleasure,incontrast,requiresmere(僅僅的;純粹的)senses.Theentiredebateassumesacleardividebetweenthephysicalandthemental.__3__Whatwillitmeanforourideasaboutpleasure?__4__Foodisusuallyconsideredtobethelowerpleasure.Allanimalseat,usingthesensesofsmellandtaste.Itdoesn'trequireanycomplexcognition(認(rèn)知)toconcludethatsomethingisdelicious.However,thesepeoplefailedtoappreciatesomethingthattheFrenchfoodwriterJeanAnthelmeBrillat-Savarincaptured.Thatis,“Animalsfeed;maneats;onlythemanofintellect(才智)knowshowtoeat.”Eatingshowsthatthedifferencebetweenhigherpleasureandlowerpleasureisnotwhatyouenjoybuthowyouenjoyit.__5__Preparingitusingthepowersofreflectionandattentionturnsitintoahigherpleasure.A.Thediningtableisagoodplacetostart.B.Wolfingdownyourfoodisalowerkindofpleasure.C.What'stherealdifferencebetweenhighandlowpleasure?D.Whathappensifthephysicalandthementalcannotbeseparated?E.Allphilosophersbelievedthatcookerycouldneverbeaformofart.F.Higherpleasuredependsonhumanabilitiessuchasself-awarenessorlanguageuse.G.However,disagreementswillbecausedaboutwhethersomeformsofpleasurearebetterthanothers.這是一篇說明文。華蜜和歡樂幾乎被普遍認(rèn)為是人類最珍貴的財(cái)寶之一。然而,關(guān)于某些形式的歡樂是否比其他形式的好,會(huì)產(chǎn)生分歧。1.G解析:依據(jù)其次段第一句PhilosopherJeremyBenthambelievedthatallsourcesofpleasureareofequalquality,butJohnStuartMilldisagreed.可知JeremyBentham認(rèn)為全部歡樂的來源都是同等的,但是JohnStuartMill不同意??芍P(guān)于某些形式的歡樂是否比其他形式的好,存在分歧。故選G。2.F解析:依據(jù)上文Millarguedforadifferencebetweenhigherandlowerpleasure.(密爾認(rèn)為歡樂的凹凸是有區(qū)分的。)下文提到了lowerpleasure,即可知本句應(yīng)是說明白higherpleasure。故選F:更高的歡樂取決于人類的實(shí)力,如自我意識(shí)或語言運(yùn)用。3.D解析:依據(jù)上文Theentiredebateassumesacleardividebetweenthephysicalandthemental.(整個(gè)辯論在生理和心理上有明顯的分歧。)中physicalandthemental可對(duì)應(yīng)到D選項(xiàng)中thephysicalandthemental,句意:假如身體和精神不能分開會(huì)發(fā)生什么?故選D。4.A解析:依據(jù)下文Foodisusuallyconsideredtobethelowerpleasure.可知提到了food,故可對(duì)應(yīng)到A選項(xiàng)中的diningtable。句意:餐桌就是一個(gè)分歧很明顯的地方。故選A。5.B解析:依據(jù)后文Preparingitusingthepowersofreflectionandattentionturnsitintoahigherpleasure.(用反思和專注的力氣來打算它,會(huì)把它變成一種更高的樂趣。)可知上文應(yīng)當(dāng)描述低級(jí)趣味。B項(xiàng),狼吞虎咽是一種低級(jí)趣味。故選B。Ⅲ.完形填空HunterShamattlosthiswalletwhilehewasonaflightfromOmahatoDenverearlierthismonth.Uponrealizingthathiswalletwaslost,he__1__theairlinetoseeifanyonehadturneditin—butfruitlessly.__2__thewalletcontainedhisID,asignedpaycheck,$60incash,etc,hefearedtheworst.Twodaysaftertheflight,however,Hunterwas__3__toreceiveapackageinthemailfromananonymous(匿名的)sender.Insidewashiswallet—__4__anadditional$40incash.“Iroundedyourcashuptoaneven$100soyoucouldcelebratethe__5__ofyourwallet.”,readaletterthatwasenclosedwiththepackage.Hunter'smother,Jeannie,postedaphotoofthe__6__tosocialmediainhopesthattheywouldbeabletotrackdownthesender.Alltheyhadtogoonwasthattheletterwas__7__fromAppliedUnderwritersinOmahaandthesender'sinitialsweresigned“T.B”.Thesenderwaslater__8__asToddBrown,whowasdelightedto“havealittlefun”withhelpingoutahard-workingstranger.“Isawhewasjustakid,20yearsold.Hehadapaycheckinthere,soI__9__,‘Well,he'sdoinghisbesttomakeendsmeet.’”saidBrown.“Hunterwasvery__10__.Hetoldmehehassomestudentloanstopaywithintwodayssothe__11__wasright,”Brownadded,“He__12__itwasgoneforever.Sowhenheopenedit,hejuststartedscreaming,‘Noway!Noway!’”Brownsaysthatheoftentriestodogoodthingswithoutanyrecognition;that'swhyhedidn'tsignhis__13__ontheletter,butJeannielaterinsistedon__14__himonsocialmedia.JeanniewroteonFacebook,“Thisstoryismoreaboutrebuilding__15__inpeoplethananything.”這是一篇記敘文,主要講是Hunter在機(jī)場丟了錢包,后意外收到匿名人士寄來的包袱,里面是他的錢包,還有40美元。后來通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)找到了寄件人,這個(gè)故事讓作者重建對(duì)人性的信念。1.A.ordered B.contactedC.caught D.checked答案:B解析:考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:當(dāng)他意識(shí)到他的錢包丟了時(shí),他聯(lián)系了航空公司,想看看是否有人把錢包交上去了——但是沒有結(jié)果。A.ordered預(yù)定;B.contacted聯(lián)系;C.caught抓?。籇.checked檢查。依據(jù)常識(shí)可知,他丟了錢包之后第一時(shí)間去聯(lián)系航空公司,故選B項(xiàng)。2.A.Though B.WhileC.Since D.Unless答案:C解析:考查狀語從句連詞辨析。句意:HunterShamatt的錢包里有他的身份證、一張簽了名的支票、60美元的現(xiàn)金等,他擔(dān)憂會(huì)發(fā)生最壞的狀況。A.Though盡管;B.While當(dāng);C.Since因?yàn)?;D.Unless除非。依據(jù)語境可知,此處兩句是因果關(guān)系,故選C項(xiàng)。3.A.shocked B.a(chǎn)musedC.a(chǎn)nxious D.frightened答案:A解析:考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:然而,當(dāng)亨特收到一個(gè)匿名寄件人寄來的包袱時(shí),他感到很震驚。A.shocked震驚的;B.amused開心的;C.anxious焦慮的;D.frightened嚇壞的。依據(jù)語境可知,收到了一個(gè)匿名寄件人的包袱,亨特是特別震驚的,故選A項(xiàng)。4.A.apartfrom B.exceptforC.a(chǎn)longwith D.insteadof答案:C解析:考查詞組辨析。句意:里面是他的錢包,另外還有40美元現(xiàn)金。A.apartfrom除了;B.exceptfor除了;C.alongwith和……一起;D.insteadof代替。結(jié)合語境和下文可知,包袱中有亨特的錢包,另外還有40美金,故選C項(xiàng)。5.A.search B.completenessC.valuable D.return答案:D解析:考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:我把你的現(xiàn)金四舍五入到100美元,這樣你就可以慶祝你的錢包回來了。A.search搜尋;Bpleteness完全;C.valuable珍貴物品;D.return返回。結(jié)合語境可知,此處意為“錢包的返還”,故選D項(xiàng)。6.A.sender B.letterC.wallet D.package答案:B解析:考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:亨特的母親珍妮把這封信的照片發(fā)到社交媒體上,希望他們能找到寄件人。A.sender寄件人;B.letter信件;C.wallet錢包;D.package包袱。依據(jù)句意,故選B項(xiàng)。7.A.accepted B.sentC.taken D.collected答案:B解析:考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:這封信是由奧馬哈的應(yīng)用保險(xiǎn)公司發(fā)出的,發(fā)信人的首字母縮寫是“T.B.”。A.accepted接受;B.sent發(fā)送;C.taken帶著;D.collected收集。依據(jù)語境和下文可知,故選B項(xiàng)。8.A.known B.consideredC.identified D.introduced答案:C解析:考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:發(fā)送者后來被確認(rèn)為是ToddBrown,他很興奮能“有一點(diǎn)搞笑地”幫助一位努力工作的生疏人。A.known相識(shí);B.considered考慮;C.identified分辨;D.introduced介紹。依據(jù)句意可知,beidentifiedas意為“被認(rèn)為是……”,故選C項(xiàng)。9.A.noticed B.repliedC.doubted D.figured答案:D解析:考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:“我看到他只是個(gè)孩子,20歲。他在那里有份薪水,所以我想‘好吧,他在盡自己最大努力使得收支平衡。’”布朗說。A.noticed留意到;B.replied回復(fù);C.doubted懷疑;D.figured認(rèn)為。依據(jù)語境可知,“Well,he'sdoinghisbesttomakeendsmeet.”是Brown內(nèi)心的考慮,故選D項(xiàng)。10.A.thankful B.stressfulC.thoughtful D.regretful答案:A解析:考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:亨特特別感謝。A.thankful感謝的;B.stressful有壓力的;C.thoughtful深思的;D.regretful缺憾的。依據(jù)語境可知,因?yàn)槟贻p人的善舉,亨特確定是很感謝的,故選A項(xiàng)。11.A.behavior B.numberC.timing D.paycheck答案:C解析:考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:他告知我,他有一些學(xué)生貸款要在兩天內(nèi)還清,所以時(shí)機(jī)是對(duì)的。A.behavior行為;B.number號(hào)碼;C.timing時(shí)機(jī);D.paycheck薪水。依據(jù)句意,故選C項(xiàng)。12.A.remembered B.a(chǎn)ssumedC.a(chǎn)dmitted D.imagined答案:B解析:考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:他以為它恒久消逝了。A.remembered記?。籅.assumed認(rèn)為;C.admitted承認(rèn);D.imagined想象。依據(jù)句意,故選B項(xiàng)。13.A.address B.markC.phonenumber D.fullname答案:D解析:考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:布朗說,他常常試圖做一些不須要任何贊美的好事;所以他沒有在信上寫全名。A.address地址;B.mark標(biāo)記;C.phonenumber電話號(hào)碼;D.fullname全名。依據(jù)前文可知Brown并沒有寫自己的全名在包袱上,故選D項(xiàng)。14.A.questioning B.praisingC.disturbing D.surprising答案:B解析:考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:但珍妮后來堅(jiān)持在社交媒體上贊揚(yáng)他。A.questioning提問;B.praising表揚(yáng);C.disturbing打攪;D.surprising驚異。故選B項(xiàng)。15.A.faith B.a(chǎn)mbitionC.a(chǎn)ppreciation D.strength答案:A解析:考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:這個(gè)故事最重要的是重建了人們的信念。A.faith信念;B.ambition雄心;C.appreciation觀賞;D.strength力氣。依據(jù)語境可知,這個(gè)故事最重要的是重建了人們的信念,故選A項(xiàng)。Ⅳ.概要寫作閱讀下面短文,依據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。RecentlyItoldmy7-year-oldgrandsonthatIwouldn'tgettoseehimforaweekbecauseIwasgoingawayonbusiness.HeknowsIoftentravel,butthe“business”partcaughthisattention.“Can'tyouwriteyourarticlesatyourhouse?”heasked.HeknowsIwritesomearticleseachweek.“I'mnotwritingonthistrip,”Isaid.“I'mspeaking;it'spartofmyjob.”Formanyyears,mychildrenknewmeassimplytheirmother.Inkindergarten(幼兒園),whenaskedtotellhisclassabouthisfamily,myoldestchildsaid,“My

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