2024-2025學年新教材高中英語Unit3Familymatters泛讀技能初養(yǎng)成學案外研版必修第一冊

PAGEUnit3Familymatters閱讀P32－33教材課文，選出最佳選項1．Whendidthestorytakeplace?A．IntheOlympicGames.B．Inthe2024WorldTriathlonSeries.C．IntheWorldChampionship.D．Inamarathon.2．What'sAlistair'schoice?A．Tohelphisbrother.B．Towinthegame.C．Tofindadoctor.D．Torushhisbrothertothehospital.3．Alistairagreesthat________．A．havingabrotherisadisadvantageB．havingabrotherisanadvantageC．weshouldalwayshelpothersD．winningaraceisthemostimportant4．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________．A．AlistairwasintheleadwhenhisbrotherwasabouttofallB．AlistairwasyoungerthanhisbrotherC．AlistairmayhavewontheraceD．Alistairthoughtwhathedidwaswrong[答案]1－4BABCWordsandPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(學問要點1)aimv.力求達到；瞄準；對準；旨在n.目標，目的(教材原句P31)Itaimstodeepenpeople'sunderstandingofissuesthatarerelatedtofamilies.其旨在加深人們對家庭相關事情的理解。[例]WeaimtofinishtheworkbyFriday.我們力爭在周五之前完成這項工作。[學問拓展](1)takeaimatsth. 瞄準……；對準……withtheaimof... 目的是……(2)aimat/beaimedat(doing)sth. 瞄準，對準；旨在(做)某事aimtodosth. 目標是做某事(3)aimlessadj. 無目標的；無支配的aimlesslyadv. 漫無目的地[即學即練]單句語法填空①Thehuntertookaimatthebirdsandfired.Fortunately，thebirdswerejustfrightenedandescapedsoon.②Thenewprojectaimstohelp(help)studentswhoareseekingforachallengingcareer.③Don'tsurftheInternetaimlessly(aim).Let'sfocusonwhatyouwantmost.④They'reaimingattrainingeverybodybytheendoftheyear.[小片段填空]I'maimingtolose5kgbeforethesummerholidays.Ithinkmyaimiseasytoreach.EverymealIeatwiththeaimoflosingweightanddarenottoeatmore.SometimesIfindmyselfaimless(aim)withoutapracticalplanning.eq\a\vs4\al(學問要點2)(教材原句P31)Withadifferentthemeeachyear，thedayisobservedwithawiderangeofeventsthatareorganisedatlocal，nationalandinternationallevels.一年一個主題，人們實行許多當地的、全國性的乃至國際標準的活動來慶祝這一天。(1)observev.慶祝，過(節(jié)日、生日等)；視察；留意到；遵守[例]Mid-AutumnDayisobservedasanationalholidaybyChinesepeople.中秋節(jié)是中國人慶祝的國家級別的假日。[學問拓展]observesb.dosth. 視察某人做某事(全過程)observesb.doingsth. 留意到某人正在做某事observesb./sth.done 視察到……被……observationn. 視察；觀測；監(jiān)視；評論[即學即練]單句語法填空①Sheobservedamanclimbing(climb)ontothebuildingwhenshewasstandingthere.②Theywereobservedtoenter(enter)thebankduringthemidnight.③Thestudywasbasedonobservation(observe)ofagroupof20patients.[小片段填空]Youshouldobservethetrafficruleswhenyouareontheroad.Youareexpectedtocarefullyobservethevehiclepassing(pass)beforecrossingthestreet.(2)rangen.一系列；范圍；射程；山脈vi.改變[例]Thereareawiderangeofbooksinthelibrary.這個圖書館里有各種各樣的書。[學問拓展]awiderangeof 一系列的；大范圍的beyond/outofrange 超出……的范圍rangefrom...to... 在……和……之間改變[即學即練]單句語法填空①Thelittlegirlhasawiderangeofinterests.②Thepricesofgoodsofthisshoprangefrom￥0.5to￥10.③Histheorywasbeyondrangeofhumanunderstandingatthattime.eq\a\vs4\al(學問要點3)apologisev.致歉(教材原句P31)Later，onthephonesheapologisedandexplainedthatshewasbusywithworkbecausesomeonewasoffsick.后來，她在電話里致歉并說明說，她工作很忙是因為有人請了病假。[例]Ifyou'relateforthework，youshouldapologisetothepeopleincharge.假如你上班遲到了，你應當向主管的人致歉。[學問拓展](1)apologisevi. 致歉apologiseforsth. 因某事致歉apologisetosb.for(doing)sth. 因(做了)某事向某人致歉(2)apologyn. 致歉，謝罪accept/refuseanapology 接受/拒絕致歉make/offeranapologytosb.for(doing)sth. 因(做)某事而向某人致歉[即學即練]單句語法填空①Hemadeanapologytomeforhisnotbeingabletoinformmeofthechangeintheplan.②I'mafraidshe'sstillangryandrefusestoaccept(accept)myapology.③Imadeanapologytoherforbreakinghernewvase.eq\a\vs4\al(學問要點4)(教材原句P32)judgev.認為，推斷；斷定n.裁判員；法官[例]Youmustjudgeapersonbyhisactions，notbywhathesays.你推斷人應依據其行動，不應依據他所說的話。[學問拓展](1)judge...from/by... 從……來推斷judgebetweenrightandwrong 推斷是非asfarasIcanjudge 據我推斷；我認為(2)judgingby/from 從……上看；依據……推斷[即學即練]單句語法填空①Judging(judge)fromhisaccent，hemustbefromthesouth.②Allthejudges(judge)agreedthatyourspeechwasthebestonethisyear.[小片段填空]Judgingfromhisclothes，hemustbeamiddleschoolstudent.Hedidn'tfeelafraidinfrontofallthejudgesincourt.Heexpressedhisrequirementsclearly.AsfarasIcanjudge，hewillbethewinnerofthecase.(judge)eq\a\vs4\al(學問要點5)detailn.細微環(huán)節(jié)，微小之處vt.詳述，具體說明(教材原句P32)Featuresarewritteninanindividualstyle，withextradetailandbackground.特寫是用一種獨特的風格寫的，帶有額外的細微環(huán)節(jié)和背景。[例]Ourteacherplannedourvacationdowntothesmallestdetail.我們的老師把我們度假的事情支配得極為細致周到。[學問拓展](1)indetail 具體地gointodetail(s) 詳述forfurtherdetails 欲知詳情(2)detailedadj. 具體的；詳盡的[即學即練]單句語法填空/完成句子①Youdon'thavetowritedowneverythingindetail.②Somebuildingsareknownfortheirartisticbeauty，somefortheirdetailed(detail)design，andothersfortheirarchitects'imagination.③簡要地告知我所發(fā)生的事情，不要詳述。Tellmewhathappenedinafewwords，anddon'tgointodetail(s)．eq\a\vs4\al(學問要點6)containvt.包含，含有；容納(教材原句P32)Themiddlepartcontainsthe“meat”ofthestory，withtheendingbeingasummary，apowerfulquoteorevenasurpriseforthereader.中間部分是故事的“肉”，結尾是一個總結，一句有力的引言，甚至是給讀者的一個驚喜。[例]Thisbookcontainsalltheinformationyouneed.這本書包含你所須要的一切信息。[學問拓展](1)contain“包含，含有”，側重于“整體內有”，指在某一范圍或容器內能容納某物，不用于進行時態(tài)。(2)include“包括”，側重于被包含者只是整體中的一部分。include常以including(名詞/代詞前)或included(名詞/代詞后)的形式出現。[即學即練]選詞填空(contain/include)①Therearethreeboxesintheroom，includingaredone，whichcontainstenbooks.②Thiskindoffruitcontainslotsofvitamins，vitaminDincluded．eq\a\vs4\al(學問要點7)inthelead領先(教材原句P32)Withjust700metrestogo，AlistairBrownleewasinthirdplaceandhisyoungerbrother，Jonny，wasinthelead.離終點只有700米了，阿利斯泰爾·布朗利名列第三，他的弟弟約翰尼領先。[例]Atfirst，ourclasswereinthelead，butthesecondclassgraduallycaughtupwithus.原來我們班始終領先，可是后來其次名的班級漸漸趕上來了。[學問拓展](1)takethelead(indoingsth.) 帶頭(做某事)playthelead 演主角(2)leadto 導致；造成(后果)； 通向leadsb.todosth. 使某人做某事lead/livea(n)...life 過……樣的生活[即學即練]單句語法填空①Whatwasitthatledyoutosay(say)that?②IfIcouldrelivemylife，Iwouldleadquiteadifferentlife，leavinglessregrets.③Yourlazinesswillfinallyleadtofailing(fail)theexam.④Shewasintheleadfromstarttofinish.[小片段填空]Thetallmaninthefirstlaneisintheleadnow.Heisleadingahappylifeinhisownfarm.HebelievesthatallroadsleadtoRome.Hisfarmwillleadhimtoachievehisdream.eq\a\vs4\al(學問要點8)despiteprep.盡管；不管(教材原句P33)Despiteargumentsover“stupidthings”nowandthen，Alistairagreesthathavingabrotherisanadvantage.盡管時時常地為一些“愚蠢的事情”爭吵，阿利斯泰爾認為有一個兄弟是一個好事。[例]Despitetheirmanydifferences，allthehumanbeingsshareseveraldefiningcharacteristics，suchaslargebrainsandtheabilitytowalkuprightontwolegs.盡管他們有許多差別，全部的人還是有一些共同點，如很大的腦和兩條腿直立行走的實力。[學問拓展]despite＝inspiteof 盡管；不管despite/inspiteofthefactthat...＝although/though... 盡管……regardlessof 不管；不顧[即學即練]單句語法填空①Inspiteofalltheproblems，severaloftheplayersproducedexcellentperformances.②Despitethefactthatshewantedtoseehim，sheturneddownhisinvitation.SentencePatternseq\a\vs4\al(重點句式1)過去分詞(短語)作狀語(教材原句P33)Watchedbymillions，theendingtotheracehasdividedopinions：shouldthebrothershavebeendisqualifiedorhighlypraisedfortheiractions?有數百萬人目睹了這場競賽的結局，但對其卻是眾說紛紜：兄弟二人是應當因他們的行為被取消競賽資格，還是應當被高度贊揚？句式分析：過去分詞(短語)作狀語時可以表示讓步、條件、方式、緣由、時間、伴隨，表示方式或伴隨時一般可轉換為并列分句，其他狀況下通常可轉換為相應的狀語從句。[例1]Giventwentymoreminutes，I'llfinishthetaskbetter.再給二非常鐘的時間，我就會把這份工作完成得更好。[例2]Askedaboutthetrafficaccident，theyoungladykepttalkingforabouthalfanhour.當被問及那起交通事故時，這位年輕的女士講解并描述了大約半個小時。[學問拓展]過去分詞作狀語時，構成分詞的動詞與分詞的邏輯主語之間為動賓關系，且過去分詞的邏輯主語為句子的主語。[即學即練]單句語法填空①Ordinarysoap，used(use)correctly，candealwithbacteriaeffectively(有效地).②Raised(raise)inthepoorestareaofGlasgow，hehadalong，hardroadtobecomingafootballstar.③Ordered(order)overaweekago，thebooksareexpectedtoarriveanytimenow.eq\a\vs4\al(重點句式2)be＋adj.＋動詞不定式(教材原句P33)ButforAlistair，hisdecisionwaseasytoexplain：“Mumwouldn'thavebeenhappyifI'dleftJonnybehind.”但對阿利斯泰爾來說，他的確定很簡單說明：“假如我把約翰尼落下，媽媽是不會興奮的?！本涫椒治觯涸摼湫褪恰爸髡Z＋be＋adj.＋不定式”結構，其中hisdecision和及物動詞explain構成動賓關系。在該句型中經常運用不定式的主動形式表示被動意義。常用于該句型的形容詞多為表示主語性質、特征的詞，如easy，hard，difficult，interesting，comfortable等。[例1]Thissecond-handmachineisveryhardtostart.這臺二手的機器啟動起來有點費勁。[例2]Thevoiceofthelittleboyispleasanttohear.小男孩的嗓音聽起來很悅耳。[學問拓展](1)在上面結構中，動詞不定式和主語在邏輯上是動賓關系；當不定式中的動詞為不及物動詞時，要加適當的介詞。(2)不定式有時會帶上自己的邏輯主語。[即學即練]單句語法填空①He'seasytogetalongwith．②Thebikewastooheavyanddifficulttocontrol(control).詞義揣測題詞義揣測題可以是對一個單詞的意義的推斷，也可以是對一個短語或句子的意義的推斷；既可以考查生詞的意義，也可以考查熟詞的新意，還可以是對替代詞所替代內容的推斷。要做好詞義揣測題，必需嫻熟駕馭《考試大綱》規(guī)定的詞匯，在平常的訓練中還要留意積累生詞和短語，駕馭構詞法的基本學問，對于各種前、后綴的改變形式了然于心。還要學會依據上下文語意進行合理推想。[例題剖析](2024·全國卷Ⅰ·B·節(jié)選)WhileItendtobuyalotofbooks，thesethreeweregiventomeasgifts，whichmightaddtothemeaningIattachtothem.ButIimaginethat，whilemoneyisindeedwonderfulandnecessary，rereadinganauthor'sworkisthehighestcurrencyareadercanpaythem.Thebestbooksaretheonesthatopenfurtherastimepasses.Butremember，it'syouthathastogrowandreadandrereadinordertobetterunderstandyourfriends.26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“currency”intheparagraphreferto?A．Debt. B．Reward.C．Allowance. D．