考向42任務(wù)型閱讀之閱讀還原（難點(diǎn)）-2023年中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)微專題（原卷版）

考向42任務(wù)型閱讀之閱讀還原（2022·廣西柳州·中考真題）Doestalkinginfrontofpeoplemakeyoushy?Ifso,youarenotalone.Manypeopleintheworldsufferfromshynessandwanttochangethissituation.___1___Herearesometipsforyou.Findoutthecauseofyourshyness.Doyoubeeshyinfrontofnewlisteners?Pleasetrytofindoutthethoughtsthatgothroughyourheadbeforetheshynessesout.You’reokaybeingaroundyourfamily,right?Aretheydifferentfromthestrangersaroundyou?Ofcoursenot.___2___Placeyourattentiononothers.Formostofus,whenwethinkwewillfeelnervousifwespeakuporstandout,webeeshy.___3__Whenyoustoppayingattentiontoyourself,youstopworryingaboutyourperformance（表現(xiàn)）.___4___Youhavegotusedtohearingyourownvoice.Recordyourvoicepretending（假裝）tohaveconversationswithothers.Atthebeginningyou’llfeellikeanactor,butsoonitwillbeeahabit.Afterdoingitforsometime,youwillbeabletovoiceyouropinionsbravely.Stopparingyourselftoothers.Themoreyoupareyourselftoothers,themoreyouwillfeelshybecauseyoumaythinkyouarenotgoodenough.___5___Everyoneelsemusthavehisownconfidenceproblemstoo.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下列七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。A．Listentoyourownvoice.B．Practisespeakingloudlytoyourself.C．That’swhyyoushouldnoticeothersinstead.D．Trynottothinkaboutyourowndisadvantages.E．However,ittakestimeandefforttosolvetheproblem.F．Youjustknowthembetterandwhat’smore,theyknowyouaswell.G．Theymayneverseeyouagain,sowhydoyoucarewhatothersthinkofyou?任務(wù)型閱讀之閱讀還原閱讀還原題難度有所增加。但是它是英語中考試卷中的一個重要題型。10分的分值。閱讀還原題可分為正文和選項兩個部分，正文通常是200詞左右的短文，文中有5個句子被挖空，正文后給出六個選項，要求考生根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)、內(nèi)容，選出正確的句子，填入相應(yīng)的空白處。該題型主要考查考生對文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握?？偟膩碚f，這樣題型難度要大于傳統(tǒng)的閱讀理解題，對學(xué)生把握文章結(jié)構(gòu)脈絡(luò)、邏輯思維能力和語言綜合運(yùn)用能力，有更高的要求。一、題型特點(diǎn)：考查體裁有說明文、議論文、記敘文，其中以說明文為主。因?yàn)檎f明文結(jié)構(gòu)比較清晰，適合考查標(biāo)題概括、主題句、過渡句等，從而考查學(xué)生對行文結(jié)構(gòu)、脈絡(luò)層次的綜合分析能力。題型選項大致可分為主旨概括句（文章整體內(nèi)容），過渡性句子（文章結(jié)構(gòu)）和注釋性句子（上下文邏輯意義）三類。二、解題步驟：要做好閱讀還原題，先要使用高效、快速的解題步驟。（一）分析選項，串聯(lián)主題：在開始解題前，了解文章的主題、大意，會讓解題的方向更明確。如果文章有標(biāo)題，標(biāo)題往往就點(diǎn)出了文章的主題。如果文章沒有給出標(biāo)題，就需要同學(xué)們快速分析出主題。但是正文中空缺了五處，結(jié)構(gòu)和邏輯可能被打斷。而且閱讀文章要耗費(fèi)一定時間，考場上需要爭分奪秒，所以建議同學(xué)們直接從選項著手，勾畫選項關(guān)鍵詞，串聯(lián)出文章主題。關(guān)鍵詞包括：名詞、動詞、形容詞、數(shù)詞、代詞等。因?yàn)檎耐ǔ６际钦f明文，選項中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的高頻詞、詞組，通常就是文章的說明對象。如果6個選項中沒有同一高頻詞、詞組出現(xiàn)，就把各個選項的核心關(guān)鍵信息進(jìn)行疊加，也可以總結(jié)出文章的主題。（二）研究空格前后，對比選項，選擇答案：了解了文章主題，馬上開始第二步：解答題目。此時需要回到文中，重點(diǎn)閱讀空格附近的句子，圈定線索詞，再和選項進(jìn)行比對，鎖定和線索相關(guān)的選項，從而確定答案。如果有題目拿不準(zhǔn)，不要把寶貴的時間耗在一道題上，在一棵樹上吊死。先放過此題，繼續(xù)往下，把容易的題目做完，再返回來攻克難題。此時可用的備選項已經(jīng)縮小范圍，選擇起來難度自然小了很多。（三）復(fù)讀短文，核對答案：做完了所有的題目，為了保證答案的正確性，一定要把答案代入原文，進(jìn)行核對檢查?？次恼聫膬?nèi)容上、邏輯上是否通順連貫，直白地說，就是檢查文章是否讀得通、讀得懂，符合邏輯。三、解題技巧：六選五題型最實(shí)用的技巧有三種：線索法、結(jié)構(gòu)法和邏輯關(guān)系法。（一）線索法解答一道題目，首先考慮線索法，這是最簡單、最好用的方法。尤其是英語基礎(chǔ)差的同學(xué)，用好線索法，在讀不懂句子的情況下，也很有可能做對題目。線索法，就是在空格前后圈定線索詞，然后在選項中查找該線索詞的原詞或同反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。線索詞主要包括代詞、名詞（尤其是時間、地點(diǎn)、名稱等專有名詞）、數(shù)詞、動詞等。1、代詞指代當(dāng)選項，空格前后出現(xiàn)代詞，一定要重視，絕對是解題的超級線索。出現(xiàn)代詞，就說明前文中有代詞指代的具體人或事物。利用這一線索，解答題目就相當(dāng)?shù)暮唵巍?、詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)：詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)包括原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)和同反義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，即正確選項和空格前后句子有相同的詞或同反義詞相互呼應(yīng)。抓住這些復(fù)現(xiàn)線索，題目自然迎刃而解。需要指出的是，詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)法解題十分管用，但這并不意味著凡與上下文有復(fù)現(xiàn)詞的選項就一定是正確選項，只是正確的可能性更大，在解題過程中需重點(diǎn)考慮或優(yōu)選考慮而已。是否為正確答案，還得將選項代入原文，檢驗(yàn)選項與上下文能否自然銜接，只有上下銜接緊密的才是正確選項。（二）結(jié)構(gòu)法：當(dāng)文中出現(xiàn)明顯的結(jié)構(gòu)詞、詞組，或空格句在一些特殊位置，如段首、段尾等，要考慮文章、段落的行文結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)空格句在文中所起的作用，來考慮作答。文中出現(xiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)詞、詞組：當(dāng)文中有first,second,next,then,finally等明顯的結(jié)構(gòu)詞，圈出這些結(jié)構(gòu)詞，理清文章或段落結(jié)構(gòu)，對解題有很大的幫助。1、空格句在段首(1)段落主題句：閱讀后文的內(nèi)容，推斷出段落主題，選出正確選項。(2)過渡句：在后文找不到解題線索時，就要想到空格句子可能起到承上啟下的作用，試著從上一段的結(jié)尾處尋找線索。正確選項通常與上一段結(jié)尾能夠自然地銜接起來。2、空格句在段尾(1)總結(jié)、概括性句子：閱讀選項，先搜尋選項中是否有表總結(jié)的詞、詞組，如intheend，inaword等等；再看哪個選項是對前文內(nèi)容的總結(jié)、概括。(2)過渡句：引出下一段的內(nèi)容。如果在前文中找不到線索，就從下一段的開頭尋找提示，看看是否有哪個選項可以和下一段開頭形成有機(jī)的銜接。(3)本段所闡述問題的一個方面：段尾的空格句是段落主題下的一個細(xì)節(jié)，和前文是并列、排比、轉(zhuǎn)折等關(guān)系。抓住關(guān)聯(lián)詞或段落結(jié)構(gòu)，對比選項，得出答案。(4)首段末句：空格句在第一段末尾出現(xiàn)，很有可能是全文的主題句。此時要把握全文主題來分析作答。（三）邏輯關(guān)系法邏輯關(guān)系法，即通過分析句子間邏輯關(guān)系進(jìn)行解題。文中出現(xiàn)邏輯關(guān)系詞、詞組時，可以快速判斷出句子間的邏輯關(guān)系，是選擇答案時的重要線索。中考常見邏輯關(guān)系詞、詞組如下：并列關(guān)系：and,andalso,notonly…butalso…,…遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：then,besides,what’smore,…因果關(guān)系：because,since,as,therefore,asaresult,thanksto,becauseof,…轉(zhuǎn)折、對比關(guān)系：but,however,ontheotherhand,while,ratherthan,insteadof,itistruethat,ofcourse，though,although,eventhough,evenif…列舉關(guān)系：first/second/third…,inthefirstplace/inthesecondplace,tobeginwith,ononehand…ontheotherhand,foronething…foranother…舉例關(guān)系：forexample,suchas…,take…forexample,…條件關(guān)系：if,aslongas,unless…基礎(chǔ)練（2023·陜西西安·西北大學(xué)附中?？级＃└鶕?jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Thewordfamilyhasspecialmeaningstoeveryone.Ahappyfamilyiswhateveryoneisthirstyfor.However,becauseofdifferentpersonalities,values,livinghabits,interestsandhobbies,someunhappythingsmayhappenamongfamilymembersattimes.____1____Learntosaythanksandsorry.Weareusedtosayingthanksandsorrytoothers,butoftenwedon’tdothattoourfamilymembers.____2____Andsayingsorrymakesthemfeelunderstood.municatewitheachotheroften.municationcanhappeninanyplaceatanytime.Wecantalkaboutourexperiencesandfeelingswithourfamilymembersinthecar,atthedinnertableoronthewaybackhome.____3____Sharehousework.____4____Sinceweliveinonehouse,weshoulddoourpartinkeepingitcleanandtidy.It’seasytohelpdochoreslikemakingthebedordoingthedishes.Inthisway,wecanunderstandtheideaoffairness.Spendmoretimetogether.Wearebusyaroundallday,butnothingismoreimportantthanspendingtimewithfamilymembers.Eithereatingmealsortravelingtogetherisagoodchoice.____5____A．Helpingaroundthehousebringsfamilymembersmuchcloser.B．Sohowcanweachievefamilyhappiness?C．Notonlywillthisallowustoenjoythedeeplovebutitcanalsobringusmoresweetmemories.D．Bytalking,wecanknowwearecaringabouteachother.E．Sayingsorryisnotverynecessary.F．Bysayingthanks,wecanmakeourfamilymembersfeelthey’reimportant.G．Itencouragespeopletomakehandmadegiftsfortheirlovedfamilymembers.（2023·山東濟(jì)南·山東大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)校考一模）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Weallknowthatexerciseisgoodforus,don’twe?____6____Justthinkingabouthavingtorunorswimalongwaycanbeenoughtomakesomepeoplewanttoliedownandgiveup!However,didyouknowthatexerciseisnotallaboutdoingsport?____7____Movingourbodiescausesourbrainstogiveoutsomespecialchemicalsthatcreateagoodfeeling.Justtenminutesofworkingoutcanleaveusfeelinghappier.Moreover,regularexercisehelpsusfeelfresherandgettosleepmoreeasily.Finally,ifweconnectourexercisewithahealthydiet,wewilllookhealthierandfeelmoreconfidentaboutourselves.Soundslikeagooddeal,doesn’tit?____8____Ifexercisehasn’tbeenpartofyourlifeforalongtime,thereisnopointtrainingforamarathon(馬拉松):youwillsoongiveupandgobacktoyouroldways!Walkingandridingbikesaroundthelocalparkfortenminuteseverydayaregreatwaystodevelopafitnesshabit.Chooseanactivitythatnotonlyexercisesyourbody,butthatyoualsoenjoy.Somepeoplesimplygojoggingwhilelisteningtotheirfavouritemusic.Otherstakeupactivitiessuchasdancingorplayingbasketballwiththeirfriends.Maketheexperiencemoreenjoyableasyouworkout.____9____Itdoesn’tmatterhowmuchweexercise.Doingregularexerciseisn’tjustaboutappearance.____10____Whowouldn’twantthat?A．Startsmall!B．Thatway,you’llnevergiveitup!C．It’saboutbeinghealthierandfeelinghappier.D．Forastart,exerciseisnotjustaboutthebody.E．Butwealsoknowthatnoteverybodylovesdoingit.F．Ifyoudon’texerciseforalongtime,itwillbeuseless.G．Keepingadietisanotherwaytokeepourbodyinagoodcondition.（2023·江蘇宿遷·統(tǒng)考一模）閱讀短文，從短文后選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。Nooneisperfect.It’snotalwayseasytogetalongwitheveryone.Whatshouldwedowhenwehurtsomeone’sfeelings?____11____Whyapologize(道歉)?Sayingyou’resorryismorethanjustwords.You’realsosayingthatyoucareabouthisorherfeelings.Afterapologizing,youwillfeelalittlebetter.Theotherpersonprobablywill,too.Whatdoesanapologysoundlike?____12____Herearesomeexamples:I’msorryIlostyourbook.Iwascrazy,butIshouldn’thavecalledyounames.I’msorry.I’mreallysorryIpushedyou.Thatwaswrong.Iwon’tdoitanymore.Whenshouldweapologize?Herearesometimeswhenanapologycanmakethedifference:Ifyouhurtsomeone,evenifyoudidn’tmeanit.____13____Ifyoudidn’tkeepapromise.____14____Sometimesaheartfelt(誠摯的)“I’msorry”fixeseverythingrightaway.Atothertimes,itmighttakealongtimeforsomeonetogetpastfeelingsad.____15____A．Weshouldapologize.B．Doesapologizingfixeverything?C．Doyouoftenhurtothers?D．Ifyoutoldalieorbrokearule.E．Youmayneedtogivetheotherpersonsometime.F．Therearemanywaystoapologize.G．Canwerefusetoapologize?提升練（2022·云南曲靖·統(tǒng)考一模）Theweather’sgettingcooler;thetreesareturningbrown—it’sautumn!Whydoleavesturnyellow?Inautumn,leavesgofromgreentoorange,red,yellowandbrown.Achemicalcalledchlorophyll(葉綠素)playsarole.____16____Thisfeedsthetreeandkeepstheleavesgreen.Butasautumnes,thechlorophyllbeesless.Thegreencolorgoesaway,andnowwecanseetheothercolorsintheleaves.____17____Inautumn,applesaregoodforyouandtherearelotsofotherantiinflammatory(抗炎的)foodstotryaswell,suchascabbage,cauliflower(花椰菜),garlic,peas,gingerandallkindsoflettuce.Isitautumnorfall?____18____BothofthemwereborninBritain.Whatexactlyyoushouldcallthatseasondependsonwhereintheworldyouareandwhomyouask.____19____ButifyoutravelacrosstheAtlanticandetotheUS,you’llfindthatAmericanpeopleusebothfallandautumnwhenreferringtothistimeofyear.Dosomeoutdooractivities!Autumnisaperfectseason,withafortabletemperatureforpeopletodosomeoutdoorevents.Gohikingupthemountainorbikingdowntheroadinthecountryside.____20____A．Whatarethespecialfoodsinautumn?B．Icansmellautumndancinginthebreeze.C．Justgiveyourselfabreaktoenjoynature.D．Chlorophyllhelpstreesmakesugarfromsunlight.E．InGreatBritain,itusuallyhasonlyonename:autumn.F．Manypeopleloveautumnforthechangingcolorsofleaves.G．Thethirdseasonoftheyearhastwonames,autumnandfall.（2022·江西南昌·南昌二中校聯(lián)考模擬預(yù)測）請先閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容從下面的七個選項中選擇五個還原到文中，使短文意思通順、結(jié)構(gòu)完整。一空一句。Youknowyouhavetoread“betweenthelines”togetthemostoutofanything.Iwanttotellyousomethingimportantduringyourreading.Youshouldn’tmarkabookwhichisn’tyours.___21___Ifyouthinkitusefultomarkbooks,youwillhavetobuythem.Therearetwowaysinwhichonecanownabook.Thefirstistogettherightbypayingforit,justasyoupayforclothesandfurniture.Butfullownershipesonlywhenyouhavemadeitapartofyourself.___22___Therearethreekindsofbookowners.Thefirsthasallthebestsellers—unreadanduntouched.Thesecondhasagreatmanybooks.___23___Thethirdhasafewdogeared(翻折的)books,whicharemarkedfromfronttoback.Whyismarkingabooknecessary?First,itkeepsyouawake.Inthesecondplace,readingisthinking.___24___Themarkedbookisusuallythethoughtthroughbook.Finally,writinghelpsyourememberthethoughtsyouhad,orthethoughtsthewriterexpressed.Ifreadingistolearnanythingmorethanpassingtime,itmustbeactive.Thebookyoureadforpleasurecanbereadinastateofrelaxation,andnothingislost.Butforagreatbook,richinideas,readingmustbeactive.___25___Youshouldeupwithanunderstandingofwhatyouhaveread.A．It’smoreimportantthan“betweenthelines”.B．Youcan’tletyoureyesmoveacrossthelines.C．Areaderwillreceiveeverythingthebookpresents.D．Peoplewholendyoubooksexpectyoutokeepthemclean.E．Butmostofthemareascleanasthedaytheywerebought.F．Andthinkingcanexpressitselfinwords,spokenorwritten.G．Thebestwaytomakeyourselfapartofitisbywritinginit.（2022·重慶渝中·重慶巴蜀中學(xué)?？寄M預(yù)測）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Earlierlastmonth,myparentsandIhadafreeday.Wedecidedtocooktogetherinthekitchen.Forourweekendmenu,wedecidedtomakesmokedpork.Ifoundthisrecipeonline.___26___,sowedecidedtomakeitfordinneroneweekendtogether.First,accordingtotherecipe,___27___.Theprocesswouldtakealongtime,somomstartedworkingonitearlythenightbefore.Momfirstthawed(解凍)theporkandthenspreadsalt,sugarandpepperonitssurface.Afterthat,___28___andrefrigerateditfortwodays.Twodayslater,theporkwasreadyforthenextsteps.Tomakesmokeddishesindoors,weneededtousealuminumfoil(鋁箔).Afterthat,___29___,andmotherwasresponsibleforpreparingtheingredients.Iwasresponsibleforspreadingtheblackteaandsugarontheslicesandaluminumfoilandthenalayerofbakingpaper.Finally,___30___.Aftermorethantenminutesofsmokingandafewminutesoffrying,thesmokedporkwasplete.Theporkwasveryjuicy.Withanapplevinegarsauce,themeatwasevenmoredelicious.Afterworkingtogether,therelationshipbetweenourfamilymembershasbeemoreharmonious.Ifeelhappytohavecookedwithmyparents.Ihopewewillcookmoredeliciousmealstogetherinthefuture,A．theporkneededtobesaltedB．shewrappedtheporkinaplasticbagC．ItlookedinterestingandthestepsweresimpleD．theporkshouldbethawedE．dadwasresponsibleformakingtheporkintoslicesF．IputtheslicesofporkonthesmokingshelfG．dadwasresponsibleforputtingtheporkonthealuminumfoil真題練（2022·湖北荊門·統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Happypeoplehavehappyhabits,which,inturn,makethemhappier.___31___Developgoodselfcarepractices.Exercise,eathealthilymostofthetime,getenoughsleep,andbekindtoyourself.___32___Doonetoday.___33___Expressyourthankstothosewhohavemadeadifferenceinyourlife.Sendacard.Writealetter.Visitinperson.Payattentiontothegood.___34___Takepictures.Keepscrapbooks(剪貼簿).Thishelpsleadourbrainstothefactthatthingsareactuallygoingprettywell.RickHanson,theauthorofthebookHardwiringHappiness,haspopularizedthisphrase.Livelikeyou’reonvacation.Whatmakesthetimewespendonvacationbetterthanthetimewespendathome?___35___Wearetryingdifferentthings.Althoughthereareplentyofthingsthatwillbefunathome,it’salsoagoodideatoplanatimetobeatouristinyourowntown.Liveameaningfullife.Besuretoyourselfandliveinlinewithyourvalues.Askyourself:WhatdoIwantinlife?WhatsmallstepscanItaketomoveinthatdirection?A．Weareopentonewexperiences.B．Keepintouchwithothers.C．Writedowngoodthingsthathappeneachday.D．Here’salistofhabitsthatcanincreaseyourhappiness.E．Shareyourthanksandlove.F．Youshouldremembertotakecareofothers.G．Therearealsomanyotherselfcareideas.（2022·山東濟(jì)南·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Leadingyoungpeopletotakeupphysicalexerciseisreallyimportant.____36____Butareportrecentlyshowsthatonlyhalfofgirlswhowerequestionedbyresearchersenjoydoingsports.____37____Whatarethereasons?Becauseoftheirdislikeoftheclothestheyareaskedtowearandthelack（缺乏）offacilities（設(shè)備）todotheirhairafterwards.Asmoregirlsthanboysfailtotakepartinphysicalactivities,thisisseenasaproblemthatneedsdealingwith.ManyofthegirlsquestionedsaidtheydislikedwearingtheskirtsthatareoftenpartofPEclothesandthattheclothesshouldbemorefortabletowear.ThegirlswantedtohavethechancetosaywhatthePEclothesshouldlooklike.Theysuggestedclothingshouldcovermoreoftheirbodies,suchasleggingsandhighneckedshirts.____38____Anotherkeyproblemthegirlsreportedwasnothavingthefacilitiesavailabletodotheirhairaftertheyhadtakenpartinexercise.Thegirlsbeinginterviewedwantedprivatespacewheretheycouldgetchanged.Theyfeltschoolsshouldsupplyhairdryerssothattheycouldstyletheirhair.____39____Theycouldusethistimetodotheirhairandmakesuretheylookedthesameastheydidbeforetheclass.Theresearchersarguethatsincegirlsworryagreatdealabouthowtheylookduringtheirteenageyears,itisimportantthatschoolstaketheseproblemsseriously.____40____Someteachersfeelsportsshouldkeepyoungers’mindsoffhowtheylook.Itshouldhelpthemseethevalueofkeepingphysicallyfit,enjoyingteamspiritandachievingtheirsuccessandnotworryingaboutwhattheirhairlookslike.A．Girlshadthefollowing