江蘇常州級英語期末復(fù)習(xí)第五講8B閱讀理解分析教案

新初三暑假銜接講義第五新初三暑假銜接講義第五講閱讀理解答題技巧高頻考點(diǎn)高頻考點(diǎn)1、中考閱讀理解常見的體裁：記敘文，說明文，議論文，新聞報道、廣告等。2、題材內(nèi)容也很豐富，主要以小說、名人軼事、科普文章等3、針對閱讀理解的出題方向，大致可以分為：直觀性問題（也叫細(xì)節(jié)分析題）直接引用原文中的語句或者根據(jù)短文中的原句稍加改動而編成。常識性問題（詞義猜測題）考查學(xué)生一句短文信息，并根據(jù)自己的一些常識做出判斷的題型。理解性問題（主旨題）考察中心思想，段落大意，某一個事實(shí)的細(xì)節(jié)以及作者意圖等方面出題。推理性問題（推斷題）深刻理解文章后，經(jīng)過推理判斷找出答案。細(xì)節(jié)理解題例1MymistakehappenedwhenIwastryingtobehelpfulinmyfirstgradeartclass.Allthenecessarythingswereoutonthetable.IthoughttheartteacherwouldhavetoputthemawayandIfeltsorryforher,soIdidit.IleftwithmyclassandthenyouknowwhatIfoundout?Thatstuff(物品)wasforthenextclass!Mypoorartteacherhadtoputeverythingback.Tothisday,Ithinkitwasalittlefunny.Collin,Age9Onedayatschool,Iworemytrousersbackward!Ididn’tfinditoutuntiltheendoftheday.Thatwasprobablythemostembarrassing(尷尬)dayI’veeverhadinmywholelife!Bernard,Age10Iwasinabookstorewithmydad.Hewasinthelinetopay.Bored,Istartedlookingthroughthebookmarks.Ipickedmytwofavouritesinhopesthatmydadwouldbuythemforme.Withoutlookingup,Ishowedhim.“Look!Thesearemyfavourites.”Thenanunfamiliarvoicesaid,“Ithinkyourdadisoverthere.”Ilookedup.Itwasn’tmydad!Irantomydad,myfaceburning.Hesmiledandsaid,“Wrongdad,eh?”Divya,Age11Once,myfamilyandIwereatareallycrowdedevent.IrealizedI’dleftmybaginside,soIrantogetit.WhenIcamebackout,Isawacarthatlookedexactlylikeourcar.Iopenedthedoorandscreamed!Sixkidsandamomwerelookingbackatme!ThenIsawmymom’scarparkedbesidethatcar.Ididn’twanttogetinthewrongcaragain.Laura,Age121．Accordingtothetext,Collin________.A．hidthestuffofhisartteacherB．triedtomakefunofhisartteacherC．wasmistakenbyhisartteacherD．gavethewrongkindofhelp2．Bernardfeltembarrassedbecausehe________.A．weretoolateforschool B．waslaughedatbyothersC．mademistakesonclothes D．worehistrousersinsideout3．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothereadingmaterial?A．TherearesixchildreninLaura’sfamily.B．Bernardfoundhistrousersbrokenattheendoftheday.C．Divyawassurehisfatherwouldbuythetwobooksforhim.D．Collin’sartteacherhadtopreparefortheclassherself.【答案】1．D2．C3．D【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。四個孩子分別講述了自己生活中的一件糗事。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Thatstuff(物品)wasforthenextclass!Mypoorartteacherhadtoputeverythingback.Tothisday,Ithinkitwasalittlefunny.”可知作者是想幫忙，卻幫了“倒忙”，即給了錯誤的幫助，故選D。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Onedayatschool,Iworemytrousersbackward!”可知是在穿衣上犯了錯誤，故選C。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一個方框“Allthenecessarythingswereoutonthetable.IthoughttheartteacherwouldhavetoputthemawayandIfeltsorryforher,soIdidit.”可知美術(shù)老師每次都是自己準(zhǔn)備教具，D項正確，故選D。例2Aschildrenentertheirteens,theyusuallybegintopaymoreattentiontotheirpeers(同齡人)orfriends.Peerpressure(壓力)canbedirectorindirect,butisalmostalwayspresent.Learningtodealwithpeerpressuremakesateenmature(成熟的),andbeabletogetalongwellwithothers.Badpeerpressurecaninfluenceteenstomakebaddecisions.Underbadpeerpressure,teenswilldosomethingthattheyknowiswrong,suchassmoking,drinking,orusingdrugs,whichcanremainwiththemintoadulthood.Thisisthemainreasonteenshavetolearnhowtodealwithit.Someofthethingsyoucandotodealwithpeerpressureinclude:●Choosefriendswhoshareyourvalues.Goodfriendsusepositive(正面的)peerpressuretohelpyoubeyourbestself.●Keepawayfromsituationswherepeoplearedoingthingsyoudon’twanttodo.●Thinkaboutyourreasonsfordoingthings.Aretheygoodreasons?Areyoubeingtruetoyourselfandyourvalues?●Practicewaysofsayingno,givingexcusesifnecessary.●Talktoyourparents,orothertrustedadults,aboutthekindsofpeerpressureyouface,andlistentotheiradvice.●Lettheadultsknowwhenyouneedhelptogetoutofabadsituation,anddon’tknowwhattodoaboutit.Rememberthatifjustoneteenstandsupto(勇敢面對)peerpressure,usuallyotherswilljoinhimorher.Learningtodealwithpeerpressurewillmakeyouconfidentandmature.5．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Peerpressureincludesdirectandindirectpressure.B．Peerpressureesfromsmoking,drinkingandusingdrugs.C．Goodfriendsusebadpeerpressuretohelpyoubeyourbestself.D．Teenswhofacepressurebeematurerthanthosewhodonot.【答案】5．A【解析】本文是說明文，關(guān)注的是青少年的心理健康問題，介紹了如何應(yīng)對同伴壓力的一些建議，指出學(xué)會處理同伴的壓力會讓人變得自信和成熟。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Peerpressurecanbedirectorindirect”，可知有直接壓力和間接壓力兩種，故選A。例3Athomeduringsuppertime,Peteannounced,“BabaOlenawantsustoeforEasterdinner.”Momshookherhead,“That’ssweet,butIdon’tthinkso.”Dadlaughed,“Iwouldn’twanttoseemrudeifIdidn’tlikehercooking.Canyoutellherthanksbutwealreadyhaveplans?”Petesighed.HisparentshardlyknewBabaOlena.Theydidn’tknowaboutherpastries(糕點(diǎn))andfunnysayings.AlltheysawwasanUkrainianwomanwithstrangehairandayardfullofchickens.OnEasterSunday,theypassedBabaOlena’shouseastheyheadedforDixie’sDiner.Whentheyarrived,theyfoundthedinerwasdark,andnocarswereinfrontofit.“What?”saidDad.“They’realwaysopen!”“Nottoday,”Momsaid.“Guesswe’llbemakingsandwiches.”Acrossthestreet,BabaOlenasteppedoutofthehouse,wavingtothem.Peteshouted,“LookslikeBaba’sexpectingus.”“Wecan’tgothere,”Dadsaid,butBabawashurryingover.“Youcame!I’msohappy,”shesaid.“ThismorningIsawthedinerisclosedandthoughtmaybeyouwille.”Inside,Pete’sparentssatstiff(僵硬地)asyardstickswhileBabawasbusywithherpastrieshappily.Dadlookedatsomethingredonthetable.“What’sthis?”“Beet(甜菜)salad.Iusethejuiceformyhair.”BabaandPetesmiledateachother.“Andthis–”Shesetdownbowlsofwhatlookedlikelittlehalfmoonpastries–“isUkrainianstuffeddumplings.Thesehavecabbagefilling;thosehavepotato.Nocranetoday.”Mumlookedather,openmouthed.Petelaughedandexplainedaboutthe“crane”chips.DadandMumlaughed,too.Mumtookasmallbite.“Delicious!”“Oh,goodyoulikeit.”Babasaid.BythetimeshecuttheroundEasterbread,everyonewastalking.“NowIseewhyPetewantedtoeathere,”Dadsaid.Mumnodded.“Andwhyhespeakshighlyofyounonstop.”Later,Bababroughtoutthebasketofeggs.“It’sanoldUkrainiantraditiontoplaywithEastereggs,”shesaid.“See,Pete,holdyourstomine,endtoend,likethis.Theeggthatdoesn’tbreak,wins.”Peteheldhiseggready.“Ialreadywonsomething,”hesaid.(AdaptedfromEasterwithBabaOlena)11．WhenPetesighed,hemostlyfelt________.A．a(chǎn)cceptable B．regretful C．nervous D．guilty【答案】11．B【解析】本文是故事類閱讀，講述了彼得和家人一起過復(fù)活節(jié)的經(jīng)過。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)上文爸爸的話“Iwouldn’twanttoseemrudeifIdidn’tlikehercooking.Canyoutellherthanksbutwealreadyhaveplans”，可知彼得會感到很遺憾，故選B。例4AEuropeanUnionprogramislettingblindpeopleexperiencefamouspaintingsforthefirsttime.Itusesthreedimensional(3D)printingtorecreatefamouspaintingssotheycanbetouched.OnepaintingprintedwiththenewtechnologyisGustavKlimt’s“TheKiss”.ItisapopularattractionattheBelvedereMuseuminVienna,Austria.Thepaintingshowsamanandawomanstandinginafieldfilledwithflowers.Theyarewearinggoldrobesandhavetheirarmsaroundeachother.Themanleansdowntokissthewoman.Klimtfinishedthepaintingin1908.Untilnow,peoplewhohadtroubleseeingcouldnotappreciatetheartwork.Butthankstothereproduction,theycantouchthepieceandfeeltheridgesanddepressions.AndreasReichingerstartedmaking3Dversionsofartworkin2010.Hesaidthisreproductionwashismostdifficultprojectbecausethecouple’srobesaresodetailed.DominikaRaditschisablindmuseumvisitor.Shetouchedthereproduction.Asshemovedherhandsarounditshesaid,“Exactly,canyouseethese?Therearesomanydetails.”Raditschsaidshecanimaginewhattheoriginalpaintinglookslikewhenshetouchesthereproduction.“It’ssomehowround.Youcanfeelit.Iteswithit.Andinmanyplacesit’ssosmooth.AndthenIthinktomyself:itprobablyshinestoo!”Raditschsaid.TheBelvedereisnottheonlymuseumtohave3Dversionsofitsartwork.SomeofthepiecesatthePrado,inMadrid,Spain,havereproductionsthatcanbetouched.ButthepieceinViennahasonespecialpart:itismadewithwidelyavailable3Dprintingtechnology.Thatmeansoneday,blindartfansanywhereintheworldcoulddownloadthesourcefilesandprintthereproductionsthemselves.14．Whatis“Thekiss”?A．AEuropeanUnionproject. B．Apopularpainting.C．A3Dtechnology. D．Afamousmuseum.15．WhydidReichingersaythisreproductionwasdifficulttofinish?A．Thepaintingwasreproduceddetailedly. B．Theoriginalartworkwasmadein1908.C．Blindartfanscan’tdownloadthesource. D．The3Dtechnologyisnotavailable.【答案】14．B15．A【解析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了歐盟的一個項目——使用3D打印技術(shù)重現(xiàn)名畫，讓盲人和視障人士走進(jìn)博物館，通過觸摸來感受世界名畫。14．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“OnepaintingprintedwiththenewtechnologyisGustavKlimt’s‘TheKiss’.”可知，TheKiss是一幅畫作。故選B。15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Hesaidthisreproductionwashismostdifficultprojectbecausethecouple’srobesaresodetailed.”可知，他說這個復(fù)制品是他最難完成的項目，因?yàn)檫@對新人的禮服非常精致。故選A。例5Atthebeginningofthe20thcentury,alargenumberofwritersbinedcreativewritingwithstatementofnationalidentity.China’sLuXunisafamiliarexample,alongwithW.B．Yeats,Ireland’sgreatestpoetandthefounderofthepatriotic“CelticTwilight”culturalmovement.AthirdgreatliterarypatriotistheBengaliandIndianpoetRabindranathTagore(18611941).TagorerenewedBengaliwriting,introducingthemonpeople’slanguageintopoetryandwritingaboutthemonpeopletoo.ByshowingthevalueofBengaliliterature,heshowedthereasonsfortheindependenceofIndiaasanation.It’snosurprisethathestronglysupportedhiscountry’sindependencefromtheBritish.Tagorewasn’tjustapoet,butalsoannovelist,aplaywright,andanessayist.TherangeofhistalentsmadehimfamousnotonlyinIndia,butacrosstheworld.Hisfameledtoinvitationstotravel;onhisjourneysabroadhemetwithotherfamousfiguresinthearts,politicsandsciences.HewasW.B,Yeats’guestinIrelandandoncemeetEinstein,aswellasmeetingmanyworldleaders.Theinspirationthatcamefromsuchavariedlifefedintohiswork,givingitaninternationalcharacter.Sinceitissovaried,it’sdifficulttogeneralizeaboutTagore’swriting.Butit’simpossiblenottonoticeastrongawarenessoflossinit.TaketheselinesfromhispoemGoldenBoat,includedinabookthatwonhimin1913,worldliterature’shighesthonor,theNobelPrize.Tagoreimagineslifeasaboatwhichfloatson,leavinghim,adeadman,ontheshore“AllIhadachievedwascarriedoffonthegoldenboatonlyIwasleftbehind.”18．HowareLuXun,YeatsandTagoresimilar?A．Theywereallatthebeginningofthe20thcentury. B．Theyareallwealthywriters.C．Theyareallgreatliterarypatriots. D．TheyallwontheNoblePrize.19．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．Tagore’swritingstyle.B．Tagore’slifeinIndia.C．Tagore’sinterestinBengaliliterature.D．Tagore’ssupportforhiscountry’sindependence.20．WhatgaveaninternationalcharactertoTagore’swork?A．Hisfame. B．Hisjourneysabroad.C．Otherfamousfiguresintheworld. D．Hisvariedlife.21．Bytakinglinesfromthepoemgoldenboats,theauthormeanstoprove________.A．Tagore’sloveforhismotherland.B．Tagore’stalentsinvariedfields.C．Tagore’sawarenessoflossinhiswork.D．Tagore’sgreatachievementinworldliterature.【答案】18．C19．A20．D【解析】本文是一篇說明文，重點(diǎn)介紹了著名的文學(xué)家泰戈爾。18．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“China’sLuXunisafamiliarexample,alongwithW.B.Yeats,Ireland’sgreatestpoetandthefounderofthepatriotic“CelticTwilight”culturalmovement.Athirdgreatliterarypatriot…”可知，二人都是偉大的文學(xué)愛國者，故選C。19．段落大意題。分析第二段內(nèi)容可知，本段主要介紹了泰戈爾的寫作風(fēng)格，故選A。20．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theinspirationthatcamefromsuchavariedlifefedintohiswork,givingitaninternationalcharacter.”可知，來自如此豐富多彩的生活的靈感注入到他的作品中，使其具有國際性。故選D。例6Eachofusfailsfromtimetotime.Ifwearewise,weacceptthesefailuresasanecessarypartofthelearningprocess.Buttoooftenweexpresstoourchildreneitherbywordsorbyactionsthatfailureissomethingstobeashamedof.Donniewasmyyoungestthirdgrader.Hisfearoffailurekepthimfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenplayedexcitedly.Heseldomansweredquestionshemightbewrong.Heseldomfinishedhisworkbecauseherepeatedlycheckedwithmetobesurehehadn’tmadeamistake.Itriedmybesttobuildhisselfconfidence.Butnothingchangeduntilmidterm,whenMaryAnne,astudentteacher,wasassignedtoourclassroom.Shewasyoungandpretty,andshelovedchildren.Mypupils,Donnieincluded,admiredher.Butevenwarmhearted,lovingMarywasbaffledbythislittleboy.Thenonemorning,wewereworkingonmathproblems.Donniehadcopiedtheproblemswithpainstakingneatnessandfilledinanswersforthefirstrow.Pleasedwithhisprogress,IleftthechildrenwithMary.ButwhenIreturned,Donniewasintears.He’dmissedthethirdproblem.Marylookedatmeindespair.Suddenlyherfacebrightened.Fromthedeskweshared,shegotacontainerfilledwithpencils.“Look,Donnie,”shesaid,“I’vegotsomethingtoshowyou.”Sheremovedthepencilsandplacedthemonhisdesk.“Seethesepencils,Donnie?”shecontinued.“TheybelongtoMrs.Lindstromandme.Seehowtheerasersareworn?That’sbecausewemakemistakestoo.Butweerasethemistakesandtryagain.That’swhatyoumustlearntodo,too.”Shekissedhimandcontinued.“I’llleaveoneofthesepencilsonyourdesksoyou’llrememberthateverybodymakesmistakes,eventeachers.”Donnielookedupwithloveinhiseyesandaslightofasmile.ThepencilbecameDonnie’sprizedpossession.That,togetherwithMaryAnne’sfrequentencouragementandpraiseforevenDonnie’ssmallsuccesses,graduallyremindedhimthatit’sallrighttomakemistakes—aslongasyouerasethemandtryagain.22．Whydidn’tDonnieplayclassroomgamesasotherchildren?A．Becausehewasafraidtofail.B．Becausehespenttoomuchtimeonhiswork.C．Becausehehadmadetoomanymistakes.D．Becausehecouldn’tworktogetherwithhisclassmates.24．ThereasonwhyDonnietreasuredthepencilleftbyMaryAnnemaybethat________.A．ItwasthefirstpresentfromMaryAnneB．HecoulduseittoerasethemistakeshehadmadeC．ItwasareminderofthepossibilitythateveryonemakesmistakesD．Itwastheprizeforhissuccess.【答案】22．A24．C【解析】短文主要通過Donnie的例子告訴我們在生活中應(yīng)該如何對待失敗。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)“Hisfearoffailurekepthimfromclassroomgamesthatotherchildrenplayedexcitedly.”，可知Donnie對失敗的恐懼使他不能在教室里玩其他孩子興奮地玩的游戲。故選A.24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)“I’llleaveoneofthesepencilsonyourdesksoyou’llrememberthateverybodymakesmistakes,eventeachers.”，可知瑪麗·安妮用這支鉛筆鼓勵了Donnie，告訴他每個人都會犯錯，即使是老師，但我們會抹去錯誤，重新開始。故選C。例7Aswewalkedslowlydownhilltotheboats.Thedoctortoldusthestory.“Twomonthsago,”hebegan,“Benfoundthetreasureanddugitup.Hecarrieditonhisback,inmanytiringjourneys,fromunderthepinetreetoacavehefound.That’swhenwearrivedontheHispaniola.”“IwenttomeetGunnontheafternoonoftheattack,”continuedthedoctor.“ThenwhenIcouldn’tseetheshipanymore,IvisitedSilver.IgavehimtheuselessmapandthesuppliesasBenGunnhadplentyofgoats’meat.Withthepiratesatthefortwecouldmovetothesafetyofthecaveandguardthemoney.IthoughtJimwassuretobetakentotheemptytreasurepitwiththepirates.SoIleftthesquireandthecaptainguardingthecave,andarrivedatthepitjustintime.Gunnwentaheadofme,ashecouldmovefast,andhewalkedonthepirates’fearsbysingingandcallingout,withgreatsuccess.Whenwegottheboats.WedestroyedoneofthemandwentintheothertowardtheNorthIInlet.Wemettheshipjustinsidethemouthoftheriver,sailingbyitself.Itwasdriftingtowardsthesea.WeanchoreditsafelythenrowedbackroundtoRumCave,justbelowBenGunn’sCave.GaryrowedbacktotheHispaniolaalonetospendthenightthereonguard.Atthetopofthebeach,byGunn’scave,wemetthesquire.Hewaspleasantandkindtome,withnopraiseorblame.Andthenweenteredthecave.Itwasalarge,airyplace,withalittlespringandasandyfloor.ByabigfirelayCaptainsmollett,and,inthefarcorner,Icouldseepilesofgoldcoinsandbarsofgold.ThatwasFlint’streasurewhichwecametoTreasureIslandtofind,andwhichcostthelivesofseventeenmenfortheHispaniola.Andsomanyothersthatitwasimpossibletosay.26．Wherewasthetreasureatfirst?A．Inthefort. B．Inthecave. C．Underthepinetree. D．Ontheship.27．Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderofthestory?a.Gunnfrightenedthepiratessuccessfully.b.Gunnfoundthetreasureandhidit.c.Jimsawthetreasureinthecave.d.ThedoctorgaveSilvertheuselessmapandthesupplies.e.Thedoctorarrivedatthepitontime.A．bdaec B．bcdea C．dbcea D．dcbae28．Whichofthefollowingsentencesistrue?A．Thedoctorkilledthepiratessuccessfully.B．Silverwouldbechargedbythesquire.C．ThesquiremetGunnontheafternoonoftheattack.D．Overseventeenpeoplediedbecauseofthetreasure.【答案】26．C27．A28．D【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章摘自史蒂文森所有作品中流傳最廣的代表作《金銀島》，以醫(yī)生的口吻講述了尋找寶藏期間發(fā)生的故事。26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Benfoundthetreasureanddugitup.Hecarrieditonhisback,inmanytiringjourneys,fromunderthepinetreetoacavehefound”可知，本把從松樹下發(fā)現(xiàn)的財寶搬到了一個洞穴里，所以財寶起先在松樹下，故選C。27．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。故事的發(fā)展順序是：Gunn在一顆松樹下發(fā)現(xiàn)了寶藏，并把它埋到了一個山洞里；醫(yī)生拜訪了Silver，并給了他沒用的地圖和供給；Gunn在醫(yī)生前面成功嚇退了海盜；醫(yī)生及時到達(dá)了寶藏坑處；因?yàn)楹１I把Jim帶到了空的寶藏坑處，所以Jim應(yīng)是最后見到山洞里的寶藏的，順序?yàn)椋篵daec，故選A。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“ThatwasFlint’streasurewhichwecametoTreasureIslandtofind,andwhichcostthelivesofseventeenmenfortheHispaniola.Andsomanyothersthatitwasimpossibletosay”“這批財寶奪走了來自Hispaniola的17個人的生命，還有許多其他的無法說清的東西”可知，已有超過17個人為此送命，D選項表述正確，故選D。主旨大意題例1ItwasamorninginJanuary.Thejetstream（急流）haddippeddown,causingtheArcticcoldtoreachthemountainsofmyhome.Itwasonly2degreesoutside,butthecoldwindmadeitfeellikeitwas15belowzero.Still,Iwaskneelinginthesnowalongsidemyhousetryingtoopenatinydoor,soIcouldgetin.Ihadforgottentoleavemywaterdripping（滴水）thenightbeforeandnowmywaterpipeswerefrozenandmyfaucets（水龍頭）weredry.ThewindcutintomelikeaknifewhileIstruggledtogettwoelectricheatersinplacearoundthesectionoffrozenpipes.Thewaterlineswereburiedexceptforasmallpiecethatconnecteduptomyhouse.Iputaheateroneachsideofit,rantheextensioncords（軟線）intomyhouseandpluggedthemin.Bothheatersroaredtolifeandstartedblowinghotaironthefrozenwaterpipes.Myfingershadalreadystartedtogonumb,soIstayedinsidetowait.Icouldonlyhopethatthisbitofwarmthcouldgetmywaterflowingagain.Finally,aftertwentyminutes,thewaterstartedflowingthroughmyfaucetsagain.Iwentbackoutsideintothebillercoldandgatheredmyheatersup.IlookedattheweakJanuarysunshiningonthefrozensnowandsmiled.ThenIsentajoyfilledwith"Thankyou"heavenwardandreturnedinsidetomakemyselfahotbreakfast.Sometimesthecoldnessofthislifecangettousaswell.Itcanmakeourheartsfeelicyandfrozen.Itcankeepourkindnessandlovefromflowingouttoothers.Sometimes,though,allweneedisabitofwarmthtogetusgoingagain.Itcanbeasimplesmile,akindword,aheartfelthug,amorningsunrise,abird'ssongoranygentlereminderofjusthowmuchGodlovesus.Letusallbegratefulforthosebitsofwarmththatgelusgoingagain.Andletusalltrytobethatbitofwarmthforotherseverychanceweget.4．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlycenteredon?A．Thecoldnessoflifehasanegativeeffectonourlifequality.B．Wemeetwiththecoldnessoflifeunavoidablyandunwillingly.C．Weshouldbethankfulforbitsofwarmthoflife.D．Weshouldseizeeverychancetoreceivewarmthoflifefromothers.【答案】4．C【解析】4．主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段最后兩句“Letusallbegratefulforthosebitsofwarmththatgelusgoingagain.Andletusalltrytobethatbitofwarmthforotherseverychanceweget.”可知，作者強(qiáng)調(diào)我們要感激生活中的每一個溫暖，無論它們是多么的微不足道。故選C。例2Dr.CharlotteUhlenbroekrecentlyreturnedtoLondonafterfilminghersecondseries,Jungle.Itwasdifficult,19weektrip，duringwhichsheexploredtherainforestsofBorneo,theAmazonandCongo,travellingaroundusingvarietyofmeansoftransport,includinghotairballoonsandcanoes."I'minterestedinthewayanimalsmunicatewitheachother.Itwassometimesdangerousmakingtheprogram—Ievenwentswimmingwithpiranha(水虎魚)fish.Buttheworstthingwasinsects.Ononeoccasion,Ihad70sandflybitesonmyarm.Luckily,Ididn'tgetsick.Iprefernottotaketabletseveryday,butifIgetafever,takesomemedicineimmediately."Filmingtheserieswasexciting,butalsofrighteningattimes.Hermostchallengingexperiencewasclimbinga100metertreeinBorneo,asshehasagreatfearofheights."Ihadtokeeppullingmyselffurtherandfurtherupwards.AllIwantedtodowasgetdownagain.Suddenlythesafetyequipmentdidn'tlookverystrongandIthoughtthatmyropeswouldbreakandIwouldcrashtotheground."WhatdidsheenjoymostaboutreturningtoLondon?"WhenI'vebeenawayinhotunfortableconditionsforalongtimeIdreamaboutanicecolddrinkandmybedathome!ButthethingIlookforwardtothemostisnicelongshowers.Therewasn'tmuchwaterinsomeoftheplaceswevisitedandIworriedthatIwasusingitallupandnotleavinganyformycolleaguesonthecamerateam!"7．WhichbestdescribestheTVseriesJungle?A．TheforestfloorhashundredsofdifferentinsectsletCharlottebeyourguidetothesefascinatingcreatures.B．Makingherfirsttelevisionappearance,Charlotteexploressomeofthewildestplacesonearth.C．Charlottelooksatwaysinwhichtheanimalsoftherainforestmanagetolivebesidetheirhumanneighbors.D．Insects,piranhafish,hotairballoons—it'sallinoneday'sworkforCharlotteinherlatestseries.7．D【解析】7．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Dr.CharlotteUhlenbroekrecentlyreturnedtoLondonafterfilminghersecondseries,Jungle.Itwasdifficult,19weektrip，duringwhichsheexploredtherainforests…”以及整個文章的理解可知，Dr.CharlotteUhlenbroek拍攝的地點(diǎn)是熱帶雨林，條件極其艱苦，到處是昆蟲水虎魚等危險，有在熱氣球和獨(dú)木舟等場景的拍攝，D選項概括最全面準(zhǔn)確，故選D。例3Manyofusfeeluneasywhensomeonestandstooclosetous,talkstoustooloudlyormakeseyecontact（接觸）withusfortoolong.Buthaveyoueverwonderedwhythosethingsmakeyouunfortable?It’sallaboutpersonalpeace,whichmeansnotonlyanimaginaryspacearoundthebody,butalsothespacearoundallthesenses.Peoplefeelthattheirspaceisbeingviolated（侵犯）whentheymeetwithanunwelesound,smellorlook.Thisisprobablywhyamanonacrowdedbusshoutingintohismobilephoneorawomannexttoyouputtingonstrongperfume（香水）makesyoufeelangry.Whetherpeoplehavehadastrongerwishtoprotecttheirpersonalspaceinrecenttimesishardtosay.Yetstudiesofairlinesshowthatpeoplehaveastrongdesire（渴望）tohavespacetothemselves.Insurvey（調(diào)查）byTripAdvisor,atravelwebsite,peoplesaidthatiftheyhadtopaymoreforsomeextraservice,theywouldratherhavelargerseatsthanextrafood.Althoughpeoplemayneedtheirpersonalspace,somehardlyrealizeit.Forexample,peopleonabuswhoholdnewspapersinfrontoftheirfacestoreadinfactkeepadistancefromstrangers.Goandwatchalibrarytable.Youwillnoticethatoneofthecornerseatswillusuallybetakenfirst,becausetheyarethefarthestway.Whatifsomeonesitsoppositetoyou?Maybeyouwillpileupbooksasiftomakeawall.Preference（偏好）forpersonalspacearedifferentfromculturetoculture.ScientistshavefoundthatAmericansgenerallyprefermorepersonalspacethanpeoplefromothercultures.InLatin（拉丁人的）cultures,however,peoplearemorefortablestandingclosetoeachother.8．Thewritermainly________inthisarticle.A．tellsushowtoachievepersonalspaceB．explainswhatpersonalspacepeopleneedisC．introducessomeknowledgeaboutpersonalspaceD．a(chǎn)rguesfortheimportanceofkeepingpersonalspace【答案】8．C【解析】【分析】這篇短文談?wù)摰氖侨穗H交往中的個人空間問題，文章告訴我們?nèi)藗兇蠖鄡A向于更大的個人空間。關(guān)于這個問題，不同的文化也有一些不同之處。8．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“It’sallaboutpersonalpeace,whichmeansnotonlyanimaginaryspacearoundthebody,butalsothespacearoundallthesenses.”以及全文的內(nèi)容可知，這篇短文主要介紹的是關(guān)于私人空間的問題。故選C。例4Fromtinyseeds(種子),greatdiscoveriesgrow.AminigardencarriedonChina'sChang'e4moonlanderrecentlybecamehometothefirstplanttogrowonanotherworld.ThisisyetanothersuccessforChang'e4.OnJanuary2,theprobe(探測器)becamethefirstlandertotouchdownonthefarsideofthemoon.Thisistheunknownfaceofthemoonthatisalwayslookingawayfromus,soweneverseeitfromdownhereontheearth.Althoughitisoftenregardedasthedarksideofthemoon,thefarsideactuallygetsasmuchsunshineasthenearside.Forexample,whenallwecanseeisasilvermoon,thefarsideofthemoonisinfullsunlight.PartofChang'e4'smission(使命)istoseehowamoonbasecouldbebuiltforhumans,includingexploring(探索)whetherhumanscouldgrowfoodandotherplantproductsthere.Chang'e4carriedaminigardenwithair,waterandsoilwithseedsplantedinit.Whenplantsshoot(發(fā)芽)ontheearth,theirstemsgrowawayfromthegravity(theforcethatkeepsyourfeetontheground),andsotheyalwaysshootupwards.Themoon'sgravityisasixthasstrongastheearth's,soChang'e4'sexperimentwasatest:wouldtheearthplantsknowwhichwaywasuponthemoon?Fourdaysafterlanding,atinycottonshootshowedthattheydo.

Nighthasnowfallenonthefarsideofthemoon,sunlightwillnotreturnuntilthestartofFebruary.Asaresult,thecottonshootsdied.Besidesthedarkness,theplantscan'tstandthecold(itcandropto170°Conthemoonatnight).However,theexperimentisasuccess,sinceithasprovedthatitispossibleforplantstogrowinspace.12．Thepassageismainlyabout__________.A．a(chǎn)nothersuccessforChang'e4 B．theunknownfaceofthemoonC．thecottonshootsonthemoon D．thestepsofanexperiment13．WhichofthefollowingsentencesisTRUE?A．Thefarsideofthemoongetslesssunlight.B．Chang'e4carriedabiggardentothemoon.C．Wecanseethefarsideofthemoonfromtheearth.D．Theearthplantsknowthewaytogrowonthemoon.14．Inwhichpartofamagazinecanweprobablyreadthetext?A．Travela