專題05數(shù)詞-2023年中考總復(fù)習(xí)真題探究與變式訓(xùn)練（原卷版）

專題05數(shù)詞命題方向重要指數(shù)考向一數(shù)詞的應(yīng)用（?？键c(diǎn)）考向一數(shù)詞的應(yīng)用例1（2022·江蘇宿遷·中考真題）（基數(shù)詞的應(yīng)用）—Peopleinourtownplanted________treesonTreePlantingDay.—Goodjob!Everyonecandosomethingtomakeourtowngreener.A．hundred B．hundredof C．hundreds D．hundredsof例2（2020·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·中考真題）（序數(shù)詞的應(yīng)用）PengMinfinallybecamethewinnerof___________seasonofCCTV'sChinesePoetryConference.A．five B．fifth C．thefifth D．fifths例3（2017·江蘇宿遷·中考真題）（分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)）一Mom,ofmyclassmatesglasses.一Oh,myGod.Youneedtoprotectyoureyeswell.A．threefourths;wears B．threefourth;wearC．threefourth;wears D．threefourths;wear數(shù)詞的應(yīng)用.1.表編號.結(jié)構(gòu):名詞(首字母要大寫)+基數(shù)詞=the+序數(shù)詞+名詞LessonOne=thefirstlesson，Page32，BusNo.12 注：有些編號，一般僅用第一種表達(dá)法。Room1012.序數(shù)詞前一般加定冠詞the但序數(shù)詞前與不定冠詞a/an連用時,表示“又一,再一”You’vedoneitthreetimes.Whynottryafourthtime?3.基數(shù)詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式表示年代和年齡1)表示年代:in+the+年份的復(fù)數(shù)在幾世紀(jì)幾十年代.如：inthe1870s2)表年齡:inone’s+整十的復(fù)數(shù)表示在某人幾十歲時。有時在物主代詞后面可加上形容詞early或late使其含義更確切些。如：Theyoungmanisatmostinhisearlythirties.4.hundred/thousand/million/billion/dozen1).若hundred/thousand/million/billion前有基數(shù)詞時,其后不加s,也不加of.若沒有時,既加s也要帶of.EveryyearthousandsofvisitorsetoChina.Therearetwothousandstudentsinourschool.5.幾個半的表達(dá)法:基數(shù)詞+and+ahalf+名詞復(fù)數(shù)=基數(shù)詞+名詞(單數(shù)/復(fù)數(shù))+and+ahalftwoandahalfhours=twohoursandahalf6.時刻表達(dá)法:1)整點(diǎn):基數(shù)詞+o’clock2)幾點(diǎn)幾分:A).直接讀法:先讀小時,后讀分鐘3:25threetwentyfiveB).間接讀法:a)≤30分鐘.分鐘+past+小時3：25twentyfivepastthreeb)＞30分鐘.(60分鐘)+to+(小時數(shù)+1)3:55fivetofourc)30分鐘=half15分鐘=aquarter45分鐘=threequarters3:30halfpastthree3:15aquarterpastthree3:45aquartertofour7.表示倍數(shù)1.表示“幾倍大?。ㄩL短；數(shù)量）”，由“倍數(shù)+thesize（length,amount...）”結(jié)構(gòu)組成。如：Theearthisforthninetimesthesizeofthemoon.2.表示“……比……大幾倍”，由“倍數(shù)+形容詞（副詞）比較級+than+被比較部分”結(jié)構(gòu)組成。如：Thisboxisthreetimesbiggerthanthatone.3.表示“……是……倍”，由“倍數(shù)+as+形容詞+as+被比較部分”結(jié)構(gòu)組成。如：Ourfactoryistwiceasbigastheirs.8.分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)法:1).結(jié)構(gòu):a).分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞.b).當(dāng)分子大于1時,分母加復(fù)數(shù).2).注意:1).分?jǐn)?shù)詞的幾種特殊形式.1/3—onethird=athird1/4—onefourth=aquarter1/2—onesecond=ahalf3/4—threefourths=threequarters注：分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)的考查往往和主謂一致相聯(lián)系。當(dāng)分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)修飾可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；當(dāng)分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)修飾不可數(shù)名詞時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式?；鶖?shù)詞基數(shù)詞用來表示數(shù)目，或者說表示數(shù)量的詞叫基數(shù)詞。最基本的基數(shù)詞如下表所示。1one 11eleven 100ahundred2two 12twelve 20twenty 1000athousand3three 13thirteen 30thirty 1，000，000amillion4four 14fourteen 40forty 10，000，000tenmillion5five 15fifteen 50fifty 100，000，000ahundredmillion6six 16sixteen 60sixty 1，000，000，000abillion7seven 17seventeen 70seventy8eight 18eighteen 80eighty9nine 19nineteen 90ninety10ten說明：1．13—19是由個位數(shù)加后綴teen構(gòu)成。注意其中13、15的拼寫是thirteen和fifteen。2．20—90由個位數(shù)加后綴ty構(gòu)成，注意其中20—50的拼寫分別是twenty,thirty,forty和fifty;80的拼寫是eighty。3．其它非整十的兩位數(shù)21—99是由整十位數(shù)加連字符“”，再加個位數(shù)構(gòu)成。如：81eightyone。4．101—999的基數(shù)詞先寫百位數(shù)，后加and再寫十位數(shù)和個位數(shù)。如：691sixhundredandninetyone。5．1000以上的基數(shù)詞先寫千位數(shù)，后寫百位數(shù)，再加and，最后寫十位數(shù)和個位數(shù)。如：5893fivethousandeighthundredandninetythree。在基數(shù)詞中只有表示“百”、“千”的單位詞，沒有單獨(dú)表示“萬”、“億”的單位詞，而是用thousand（千）和million（百萬）來表達(dá)，其換算關(guān)系為：1萬=10thousand;1億=100million;10億=athousandmillion=abillion。序數(shù)詞表示順序的詞，叫序數(shù)詞。序數(shù)詞用來表示數(shù)詞順序。除特殊情況外，序數(shù)詞一般都由相應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞加后綴th構(gòu)成。第一到第十 第十一到第十九 第二十以上first eleventh twentiethsecond twelfth thirtieththird thirteenth fortiethfourth fourteenth fiftiethfifth fifteenth sixtiethsixth sixteenth seventiethseventh seventeenth eightietheighth eighteenth ninetiethninth nineteenth hundredthtenth thousandth說明：1．英語中表示第一、第二、第三的序數(shù)詞屬特殊形式，要注意它們的拼寫。2．表示“幾十”的序數(shù)詞通常是將基數(shù)詞詞尾y變成i再加上后綴eth。3．其余的二位數(shù)序數(shù)詞是以相應(yīng)的整十基數(shù)詞加個位序數(shù)詞。如：fiftyfirst（第五十一）。4．少數(shù)序數(shù)詞拼法不規(guī)則，如：fifth（第五），eighth（第八），ninth（第九），twelfth（第十二）等。注意：序數(shù)詞可縮寫為阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字加序數(shù)詞最后兩個字母。例如：第一：(the)first=1st 第二：(the)second=2nd第三：(the)third=3rd 第五：(the)fifth=5th第九十七：(the)ninetyseventh=97th第一百零一：(the)onehundred(and)first=101st【變式1】（2022·江蘇·東臺市實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)三模）—CouldyoutellmewhenMaxbegantodobusiness?—Sure.Hebegantodobusinesswhenhewas_________andhasearned2.56_________sofar.A．inhisthirties;billion B．inhisthirtieth;billionsofC．inhisthirties;billionsof D．inhisthirtieth;billion【變式2】（（2022·江蘇·鹽城市初級中學(xué)三模）Thetemperaturesareusuallyinthe________insummerinYancheng.A．thirty B．thirties C．thirtieth D．thirtieths【變式3】（（2022·江蘇連云港·模擬預(yù)測）Tenyearslater,China’sQieyangShijiefinallygottheOlympicgoldmedal(獎牌).Shecame________inthewomen’s20kmracewalkattheLondon2012Olympics.A．thethirds B．third C．three D．thethree【變式4】（（2022·江蘇·射陽縣第三中學(xué)一模）—Let’sgotothebookstoreathalfpastninetomorrowmorning.—It’stoolate.Let’smakeit_______.A．a(chǎn)quartertonine B．twentytoten C．a(chǎn)quartertoten D．ninethirty【變式5】（（2022·江蘇常州·二模）Ihear_________ofthestudentsinmyclass________usedtohavinglessonsonline.A．twothird;is B．twothird;are C．twothirds;is D．twothirds;are【變式6】（（2022·江蘇·景山中學(xué)三模）Asthesayinggoes,“It’snevertoolatetolearn,”Mygrandpatookupwriting________age70andfinishedhisnovel________hiseighties.A．a(chǎn)t,for B．by,at C．a(chǎn)t,in D．by,for【變式7】（（2022·江蘇江蘇·二模）Chinesenucleicacidtesting(核酸檢測)systemcanprocess________samplesaday.A．52millionsof B．52million C．52millionof D．52millions【變式8】（（2022·江蘇·連云港市新海實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)一模）—GuAiling,an________athlete,wontwogoldmedalsinthe2022BeijingWinterOlympicGames.—Sheismyhero!A．18yearsold B．18yearsold C．18yearold D．18yearold【變式9】（（2022·江蘇宿遷·一模）WeprovidethelatestupdateontheCOVID19pandemicintheUS.Thenumber“87,258,879”ispronouncedas________.A．eightseventwofiveeighteightsevennineB．eightysevenandtwohundredandfiftyeightandeighthundredandseventynineC．eightysevenmilliontwohundredandfiftyeightthousandeighthundredandseventynineD．eightysevenmilliontwohundredandfiftyeightthousandandeighthundredandseventynine【變式10】（（2022·江蘇·常州市北郊初級中學(xué)一模）Thereare________teachersinourschool,_________ofthemarewomenteachers.A．twohundreds;fourfifth B．twohundred;fourfifthC．twohundred;fourfifths D．twohundreds;fourthfifths【變式11】（（2022·江蘇南京·模擬預(yù)測）—HaveyouseentheCCTVnewsonTV?—Yes,________childrenhadagoodfestivalonthe________Children’sDay.A．billionsof;sixtyone B．tenbillions,sixtiethone C．billionsof;sixtyfirst D．tenbillion,sixtiethfirst【變式12】（（2021·江蘇泰州·一模）—CouldyoutellmewhenMaxbegantodobusiness?—Sure.Hebegantodobusinesswhenhewas________andhasearned2.56________yuansofar.A．inhisthirties;billion B．inthethirties;billionsofC．overthirty;billionsof D．a(chǎn)ttheageofthirty;billion【變式13】（（2021·江蘇江蘇·一模）Tomysurprise,afterraisingthefirstchildwithsomanydifficulties,Dustinisexpectinghis______secondinMarch.A．不填 B．a(chǎn) C．the D．a(chǎn)n【變式14】（（2021·江蘇·景山中學(xué)一模）Tooursurprise,________ofourteacherswereinterestedinsportsintheir________.A．Threequarters;twenties B．Twothird;twentiesC．Twothirds;twentieth D．Threequarter;twentieths【變式15】（（2021·江蘇南京·模擬預(yù)測）—Ifyourparentswanttohavea________child,willyouagree?—Ofcourse.Andthey'dbettermakeitin________years'time.A．second;second B．two;two C．second;two D．two;second【變式16】（（2022·遼寧遼陽·一模）Itwasmygrandma’s________birthdayyesterday.Wehadabigfamilydinner.A．eighty B．theeightieth C．eighties D．eightieth【變式17】（（2022·甘肅·一模）—What’sthemostimportantthinginthe________century?—Health,ofcourse!A．twentyone B．twentiethfirst C．twentiethone D．twentyfirst【變式18】（（2022·福建泉州·一模）—ProfessorLi,I’mafraidwecan’tfinishtheprogramontime.—OK.I’llgiveyou_________days.A．morefive B．a(chǎn)notherfive C．fiveanother二、用所給單詞的正確形式填空【變式19】（（2022·上海楊浦·二模）Theyoungathletewon________placeintheWomen’sSkiSlopestyle.(four)【變式20】（（2022·江蘇·泰州中學(xué)附屬初中三模）Itseemsthatitwillbeinthe_____(30)tomorrow.Whynotgoswimminginthenewbuiltswimmingpool?【變式21】（（2022·江蘇·揚(yáng)州中學(xué)教育集團(tuán)樹人學(xué)校三模）Thechildrenarehappybecauseseven________(nine)oftheexercisesareeasytoworkout.【變式22】（（2022·甘肅平?jīng)觥ざ＃〣ytheendoft