北京市通州區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試卷

通州區(qū)2023—2024學(xué)年第二學(xué)期高二年級(jí)期中質(zhì)量檢測(cè)英語(yǔ)試卷本試卷共10頁(yè)，共100分?？荚嚂r(shí)長(zhǎng)90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無(wú)效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將答題卡交回。第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Iwasreadytopayformybananasatthegroceryonenight,whenfearseizedme.Mywalletwasgone.IcouldonlyhaveleftitontheG9bus,whichwasnowspeedinginthedarktosome___1___station.Theheartstoppingmomentwasquicklyfollowedbymentalmath.Howmuchtimeandmoneywoulditcosttoreplacethecontentsofthatlittlewallet?Thecreditcards,thedriver’slicense,thecash,alllosttothebus.Twohourslater,backatmyhouse,Iheardaknockonthedoor.Myhusband___2___itwhileIwasonthephoneinthediningroom.“DoesJenniferlivehere?”Iheardaladysay.Inmyhusband’shandwasmywallet,withoutapennymissing.TheladyleftbeforeIcould___3___makeittothedoortooffermythanks.Aftersharingthestoryonline,Iheardfromsomeone,whoidentifiedtheladyasErinSmith.Without___4___,Icalledtothankher.Shesaidshe___5___mywalletonabusseat.Shecalculatedthatgoingtoastranger’shousewasa___6___move,butshedecidedtotakethechance.“IfIwereinthatsituation,Iwouldwantsomeonetotrytofindme.”shesaid.Thisonestrangerrespondedbeautifullytomysmall___7___butsheactuallywasn’ttheonlyone.RightafterErintookpossessionofmywalletonthebus,shepostedapictureofmydriver’slicensetoanonlineforum(論壇),tryingtoseeifanyoneknewme.NosoonerdidsheleavemydoorstepthanIhademailsfromtwowomenwhosekidsgotomyson’snurseryandwhorecognizedmyface.I’venever___8___wordswiththosemomsbeyondsmalltalk,buttheywantedtohelp.___9___,Ifeelblessedsomeonewantedtohelpastranger.Erinhadgonebeyondwhatalmostanyonewouldhavedone,findingmyhouseonabitterlycoldnight,andforthatIwasextremely_____10_____.1.A.famous B.unknown C.familiar D.convenient2.A.ignored B.interrupted C.examined D.answered3.A.still B.ever C.yet D.even4.A.delay B.question C.regret D.invitation5.A.threw B.placed C.opened D.spotted6.A.selfless B.risky C.delightful D.personal7.A.crisis B.danger C.encounter D.failure8.A.exchanged B.recalled C.whispered D.repeat9.A.Goingaway B.Turningaround C.Lookingback D.ingalong10.A.longing B.grateful C.concerned D.enthusiastic【答案】1.B2.D3.D4.A5.D6.B7.A8.A9.C10.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是記敘文。作者在乘坐公交車時(shí)不小心丟失了錢包，沒(méi)想到一位女士親自上門將撿到的錢包還給了她，與此同時(shí)，其他認(rèn)識(shí)但不熟悉的朋友在得知這個(gè)事情后也試圖幫助她，作者不禁有著深深的感激之情?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我只可能把它落在G9公共汽車上了，車子正在黑暗中加速駛向某個(gè)未知的車站。A.famous著名的；B.unknown未知的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.convenient方便的。根據(jù)前文“IcouldonlyhaveleftitontheG9bus,whichwasnowspeedinginthedark”可知，作者把錢包落在公交車上了，而公交車現(xiàn)在還在行駛中，作者不知道車子下一站會(huì)在哪里停，所以是未知的車站。故選B?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我在餐廳打時(shí)，我丈夫開了門。A.ignored忽視；B.interrupted打斷、打擾；C.examined檢查；D.answered應(yīng)答。根據(jù)上一句“Iheardaknockonthedoor”可知有人敲門，而本句的“it”指“door”，所以這里是丈夫去開門。answerthedoor去開門。故選D?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我甚至還沒(méi)來(lái)得及走到門口道謝，這位女士就離開了。A.still仍然；B.ever曾經(jīng)；C.yet還、仍然；D.even甚至。根據(jù)上一句“withnotapennymissing”可知，錢包里的錢分文未少，而作者還沒(méi)來(lái)得及道謝她就走了，這里應(yīng)該是一種遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，進(jìn)一步表現(xiàn)了這位女士做好事不圖名利，用even（甚至）符合語(yǔ)境。故選D?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我立刻打向她道謝。A.delay延遲；B.question問(wèn)題；C.regret遺憾、后悔；D.invitation邀請(qǐng)。根據(jù)前文“SheleftbeforeIcouldevenmakeittothedoortooffermythanks.”可看出作者未能道謝，心中是有遺憾的，所以在知道了這位女士是誰(shuí)后，立即就打致謝。withoutdelay“立即、毫不耽擱”。故選A。【5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她說(shuō)她在一輛公交車的椅子上發(fā)現(xiàn)了我的錢包。A.threw扔；B.placed放置；C.opened打開；D.spotted發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)前文“IcouldonlyhaveleftitontheG9bus,”可知，作者應(yīng)該是把錢包落在了公交車上，所以這名女士應(yīng)該是在公交車上發(fā)現(xiàn)了錢包后上門來(lái)交給了她。故選D?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她盤算著去一個(gè)陌生人的家里是一個(gè)冒險(xiǎn)的舉動(dòng)，但她決定冒險(xiǎn)一試。A.selfless無(wú)私的；B.risky冒險(xiǎn)的；C.delightful令人愉快的；D.personal個(gè)人的。根據(jù)句中“takethechance”（冒險(xiǎn)）可知，作者認(rèn)為去一個(gè)陌生人的家中是有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的。故選B?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這個(gè)陌生人漂亮地處理了我的危機(jī)，但實(shí)際上，她并不是唯一一個(gè)（這樣做的）。A.crisis危機(jī)；B.danger危險(xiǎn)；C.encounter偶遇；D.failure失敗。根據(jù)第二段“Howmuchtimeandmoneywoulditcosttoreplacethecontentsofthatlittlewallet?Thecreditcards,thedriver’slicense,thecash,alllosttothebus.”可知，丟了錢包會(huì)對(duì)作者造成很多困擾，引起許多不便，對(duì)她而言是一次小的危機(jī)。故選A?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：除了閑聊之外，我從來(lái)沒(méi)有和她們說(shuō)過(guò)話，但她們想幫忙。A.exchanged交流；B.recalled回憶起；C.whispered低語(yǔ)；D.repeated重復(fù)。根據(jù)后文“wordswiththosemomsbeyondsmalltalk”可知，作者從來(lái)沒(méi)有跟那些人進(jìn)行過(guò)深入交談，此處為短語(yǔ)exchangewords表示“交談”。故選A?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：回首往事，我感到很幸運(yùn)有人想要幫助一個(gè)陌生人。A.Goingaway離開；B.Turingaround轉(zhuǎn)身；C.Lookingback回憶；D.ingalong出現(xiàn)。事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去，所以該處表示回憶過(guò)去，對(duì)于有人能夠幫助陌生人，作者感到很幸運(yùn)。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：Erin做了幾乎任何人都不會(huì)做的事，在一個(gè)寒冷的夜晚找到了我家，為此，我極其感激。A.longing渴望的；B.grateful感激的；C.concerned關(guān)心的；D.enthusiastic熱情的。根據(jù)第四段“Icalledtothankher.”并結(jié)合本句句意可知，作者對(duì)Erin的善行是非常感激的。故選B。第二節(jié)語(yǔ)法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容或括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的恰當(dāng)形式填空。Mostpeoplebelievewhentheylivefortablyandearnenoughmoney,theywillhaveworries.However,mostpeopleneverfeelthey____11____(earn)enough.JasonHarleydecidedtodropoutofthiskindoflifestyle,andhediscoveredthathavingonlyalittlemoneymadehimfree.Arethereanythingshemissesfromhispast?“No,I’mmuchhappiernow,____12____Iamlivingaccordingtomyvalues.Success____13____(measure)notbyhowmuchmoneyyouhavebutbyhowyouunderstandthetruemeaningoflife.”【答案】11.haveearned12.because13.ismeasured【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。大多數(shù)人相信，當(dāng)他們生活舒適，賺到足夠錢，他們就不會(huì)有煩惱。然而，杰森·哈利決定放棄這種生活方式，他認(rèn)為衡量成功的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不是你有多少錢，而是你如何理解生命的真正意義?！?1題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：然而，大多數(shù)人從來(lái)沒(méi)有覺(jué)得他們已經(jīng)掙得足夠多。earn是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，此處表示現(xiàn)在的結(jié)果，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，故填haveearned?！?2題詳解】考查連詞。句意：不，我現(xiàn)在快樂(lè)多了，因?yàn)槲野凑兆约旱膬r(jià)值觀生活。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，前后句子是因果關(guān)系，故填because?！?3題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：衡量成功的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)不是你有多少錢，而是你如何理解生命的真正意義。此處在句中作謂語(yǔ)，句子描述一般性事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞measure是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)，主語(yǔ)是不可數(shù)名詞，be動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用is，故填ismeasured。B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容或括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的恰當(dāng)形式填空。ChineseNewYearPaintingisaspecialChineseartform.Usuallyitisputonwalls,doorsorwindows.AsSpringFestival____14____(arrive),manyfamiliesputupNewYearPaintingsasawishtohavegoodluckand____15____(happy).TherearedifferentsubjectsinNewYearPaintings,suchasbabies,flowersandbirds.TheearliestNewYearPaintingappearedintheTangDynastyandwasattachedtothedoor____16____(keep)thefamilysafe.TodayNewYearPaintingsarestillpopularinsomeruralareasofChina.【答案】14.arrives15.happiness16.tokeep【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了中國(guó)年畫及其相關(guān)信息?！?4題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：隨著春節(jié)的到來(lái)，許多家庭掛上年畫，希望有好運(yùn)和幸福。陳述客觀事實(shí)，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。主語(yǔ)是SpringFestival，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。故填arrives?！?5題詳解】考查名詞。句意：隨著春節(jié)的到來(lái)，許多家庭掛上年畫，希望有好運(yùn)和幸福。根據(jù)并列連詞and前goodluck可知，用名詞形式作賓語(yǔ)。故填happiness?！?6題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：最早的年畫出現(xiàn)在唐代，被貼在門上，以保證家人的安全。這里用不定式表示目的或意圖，即為了保證家庭的安全。故填tokeep。C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容或括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的恰當(dāng)形式填空。XuBeihong(18951953)wasimportantinmodernChinesefolkart.Duringhislifetime,hedevelopedthetraditionofbiningpoetrywithpainting.Between1933and1940,he____17____(hold)severalexhibitionsinAsiaandEuropetopromoteChineseart.Acrossthispainting____18____(name)RacingHorse,wecanseeahorserunningatahighspeed____19____amissile(導(dǎo)彈)acrossthesky.Ontheleftandrightsideofthepainting,Xuclearlydrewinblackinktoshowthe____20____(move)haironthehorse’smane(鬃毛)andtail.Thepaintingofdarkandlightcolorsisafavoriteofmanyartlovers.【答案】17.held18.named19.like20.moving【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了徐悲鴻的作品《賽馬》?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：1933年至1940年間，他在亞洲和歐洲舉辦了幾次展覽，以推廣中國(guó)藝術(shù)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Between1933and1940可知，句子陳述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填held?！?8題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在這幅名為《賽馬》的畫作中，我們可以看到一匹像導(dǎo)彈一樣高速奔跑的馬。句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，所以用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。名詞thispainting與name之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞，作后置定語(yǔ)。故填named?！?9題詳解】考查介詞。句意：在這幅名為《賽馬》的畫作中，我們可以看到一匹像導(dǎo)彈一樣高速奔跑的馬。名詞amissile前用介詞形式，表示“像”，應(yīng)用介詞like。故填like?！?0題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在這幅畫的左右兩側(cè)，徐用黑色墨水清晰地畫出了馬的鬃毛和尾巴上移動(dòng)的毛發(fā)。句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，所以用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。名詞hair與move之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，作定語(yǔ)，表示這些毛發(fā)在運(yùn)動(dòng)中的飄動(dòng)狀態(tài)。故填moving。第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題；每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AThesummervacationisdrawingnear.Herewehavepreparedavisualfeastforourboysandgirls.Let’sfeastoureyesfirst.JurassicWorldDominionItisthefinalfilminthesecondtrilogyofdinomovies,andit’sthefirstonewhichreallydeservestobecalled“JurassicWorld”ratherthan“JurassicPark”.Yes,prehistoricdinosaursareoutandaboutinthewildthistime,ratherthanbeingstuckinathemepark.Director:ColinTrevorrowOfficialpetitionCruzandBanderashavebeentwoofSpanishcinema’sfamoussuperstarsfordecades,andyethaveonlyrarelyactedonthescreentogether.Now,onceagain,thatwronghasbeenrightedbyOfficialpetition.CruzisanarthousedirectorwhoisadaptingaNobelPrizewinningnovelinthefilm.BanderasplaysadullHollywoodactionherowhoishiredtostarinit.Director:MarianoCohn&GastonDupratBrianandCharlesNotatypicalsciencefictionmovie,BrianandCharlesisalowbudget,lowkeyBritishedystarringandcowrittenbyDavidEarl,aregularinRickyGervais’ssits.“BrianandCharlesisthisyear’ssweetestfilmbyacountrymile,”saysCory.“It’slikeEdgarWright’sTheMightyBooshprojectthrownintoacottoncandymachine,anditisalsooneofthemostsurprisingfilmsaboutbeingaparent,evenwhenyoursonisa7feettallrobotwholovescabbages.”Director:JimArcherLightyearAfterfourToyStoryfilms,everyone’sfavouritespacerangeractionfigure,BuzzLightyear,getstoleaveWoodyandfriendsbehind,andgooffonanadventureonhisown.Orsoyoumightassumeso.Infact,thelatestPixarcartoonisn’taboutthetoy.Director:AngusMacLane21.WhichofthefollowingisrightaboutJurassicWorldDominion?A.Itisthesamewithotheronesabout“JurassicPark”.B.Dinosaursinthefilmliveinthenature.C.Dinosaursareindangerinthefilm.D.Itisthelastfilmoftheseriesfilms.22.InthefilmOfficialpetition,whatdoesCruzdo?A.Afamoussuperstar. B.Anactionhero. C.Adirector. D.Anovelist.23.Whichfilmisacartoon?A.JurassicWorldDominion. B.Officialpetition.C.BrianandCharles. D.Lightyear.【答案】21.B22.C23.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章推薦了四部值得觀看的電影?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由JurassicWorldDominion中“Yes,prehistoricdinosaursareoutandaboutinthewildthistime,ratherthanbeingstuckinathemepark.(是的，史前恐龍這次是在野外活動(dòng)，而不是被困在主題公園里)”可知，在電影JurassicWorldDominion中，恐龍生活在大自然中，B項(xiàng)正確。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由Officialpetition中“CruzisanarthousedirectorwhoisadaptingaNobelPrizewinningnovelinthefilm.(Cruz是一位藝術(shù)工作室的導(dǎo)演，他在電影中改編了一部諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)獲獎(jiǎng)小說(shuō))”可知，Cruz在電影Officialpetition中是一位導(dǎo)演。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由Lightyear中“Infact,thelatestPixarcartoonisn’taboutthetoy.(事實(shí)上，皮克斯最新的動(dòng)畫片并不是關(guān)于玩具的)”可知，電影Lightyear是動(dòng)畫片。故選D項(xiàng)。BWillyougoonthisridewithme?”myfriend’selevenyearolddaughterJennyasked.Shestaredattheride,eagertoexperiencethesameexcitementasthebravegroupofridersinfrontofus.Icouldn’tsayno.Afterclimbingintoourseats,anattendantreachedup,pulleddownthebar,andlockeditinplace.Therideliftedusslowly,thenturnedusoverliketheblueberrypancakesIhadeatenthreehoursearlier,andhopedtokeepintheirproperplace.AsIstaredattheconcretedirectlybelowus,Ihadasuddenfeelingofgreatfear.IwonderedifIhadreplacementcoverage(保險(xiǎn))forthephonethatIwassurewouldslipoutofmypocketandbreakintoamilliontinypieces.Iwonderedwhenmynewhealthinsurancewouldkickin.Theridetoucheddownaftertwistingandturningourbodies.Myfriendwaswaitingforusattheexit.“Howwasit?”sheasked.“Fine.Nobigdeal,”Isaid,eventhoughmyheadwasspinning(旋轉(zhuǎn))likeoneoftheotherannoyingmachinesdottingthemidway.Jennywalkedaheadofusandconvincedmetokeeptakingchancesandsamplemorerides“Oh,lookatthepirateship(海盜船)!”shesaid.“Thatlookslikeacalmride.”“Let’sgo,Auntie!”shesaidassherushedtojoinothersinline.Ifollowedher,feelingconfidenttheridewouldbeuneventful.WhenIreachedthebottom,ItappedoutlikeaWWFwrestleradmittingdefeat.Althoughmybodywasshakingandmyheadwasstillspinning,IfeltexhilaratedjustlikeIwasonthetopoftheworld.Thatmorning,Isetagoal,tookmyfirststeptoreachit,andfeltthejoyofachievement.Eachtimeyoutrysomethingforthefirsttime,youwillgrow—alittlepieceofthefearoftheunknownisremovedandreplacedwithasenseofsatisfaction.24.WhatmadetheauthordecidetotryridingwithJenny?A.TheeagernessinJenny’seyes.B.Thecuriosityabouttheunknown.C.Theencouragementfromotherriders.D.Thedesiretoexperiencesomethingexciting.25.Whathappenedtotheauthorwhenshewasinthehighsky?A.Shelostherphone. B.Shegotintoapanic.C.Shewasservedpancakes. D.Shealmostfellofftheseat.26.Howdidtheauthorfeelafterreachingthebottomfromtheride?A.Relaxed. B.Confused. C.Excited. D.Disappointed.27.Whatmessagedoesthestoryconvey?A.Hewhohesitatesislost.B.It’snevertoolatetolearn.C.Lifeislikeridingapirateship.D.It’sworthwhiletotrysomethingnew.【答案】24.A25.B26.C27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要通過(guò)描述作者與朋友的女兒Jenny在游樂(lè)園的經(jīng)歷，展現(xiàn)了作者面對(duì)新事物（游樂(lè)園的游樂(lè)設(shè)施）的緊張、恐懼以及最終克服這些情緒并享受其中的過(guò)程的經(jīng)歷。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段““Willyougoonthisridewithme?”myfriend’selevenyearolddaughterJennyasked.Shestaredattheride,eagertoexperiencethesameexcitementasthebravegroupofridersinfrontofus.Icouldn’tsayno.(“你愿意和我一起去嗎？”我朋友11歲的女兒Jenny問(wèn)。她盯著過(guò)山車，渴望體驗(yàn)和我們前面那群勇敢的玩家一樣的興奮。我無(wú)法拒絕。)”可知，Jenny眼中對(duì)過(guò)山車的渴望讓作者決定和Jenny一起坐過(guò)山車。故選A?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“AsIstaredattheconcretedirectlybelowus,Ihadasuddenfeelingofgreatfear.IwonderedifIhadreplacementcoverage(保險(xiǎn))forthephonethatIwassurewouldslipoutofmypocketandbreakintoamilliontinypieces.Iwonderedwhenmynewhealthinsurancewouldkickin.(當(dāng)我盯著我們正下方的混凝土?xí)r，我突然感到非常害怕。我想知道我是否有的更換保險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)槲掖_信會(huì)從口袋里滑出來(lái)，摔成無(wú)數(shù)個(gè)小碎片。我想知道我的新健康保險(xiǎn)什么時(shí)候生效。)”可知，作者在高空時(shí)感到驚慌失措，非常害怕。故選B?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“WhenIreachedthebottom,ItappedoutlikeaWWFwrestleradmittingdefeat.Althoughmybodywasshakingandmyheadwasstillspinning,IfeltexhilaratedjustlikeIwasonthetopoftheworld. Thatmorning,Isetagoal,tookmyfirststeptoreachit,andfeltthejoyofachievement.(當(dāng)我到達(dá)底部時(shí)，我就像一個(gè)世界摔跤聯(lián)合會(huì)選手承認(rèn)失敗一樣倒下了。雖然我身體在顫抖，我的頭還在旋轉(zhuǎn)，但我感到興奮，就像我站在世界之巔一樣。那天早上，我設(shè)定了一個(gè)目標(biāo)，邁出了實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的第一步，感受到了成功的喜悅。)”可知，當(dāng)作者到達(dá)底部時(shí)感到非常興奮。故選C?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Eachtimeyoutrysomethingforthefirsttime,youwillgrow—alittlepieceofthefearoftheunknownisremovedandreplacedwithasenseofsatisfaction.(每次你第一次嘗試某件事，你都會(huì)成長(zhǎng)——對(duì)未知的一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)恐懼會(huì)被消除，取而代之的是一種滿足感。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，故事講述了作者與Jenny一起嘗試游樂(lè)園中的游樂(lè)設(shè)施的經(jīng)歷，作者雖然最初感到害怕和緊張，但最終還是克服了這些情緒并享受了其中的樂(lè)趣。這表明故事傳達(dá)的信息是嘗試新事物是值得的。故選D。CStudyingasubjectthatyoufeelpointlessisneverafunoreasytask.Ifyou’restudyinghistory,askingyourselfthequestion“whyishistoryimportant”isaverygoodfirststep.Historyisanessentialpartofhumancivilization.Youwillfindsomethingherethatwillarouseyourinterest,orgetyouthinkingaboutthesignificanceofhistory.Historygroundsusinourroots.Historyisanimportantandinterestingfieldofstudy,andlearningthehistoryofourhomecountrycangiveusadeeper,moremeaningfulglimpse(一瞥)intoourancestralpasts,andhowwegottowherewearetoday.Manypeoplefeelliketheyneedasenseofculturalbelonging,whichissomethingthatstudyingyourrootsandbeingopenmindedtotheevolution(演變)ofyourculturecanprovide.Historyenrichesourexperience.Readinghistoryisanamazingexperiencebecauseitenablesustoreflectonthesocialandeconomiclifeofthepeoplelivinglongtimeago.Accordingtotheexperts,problemsfacedbypeopleregardlessofthepastandpresentarethesame.Withtheinformationabouttheancestors,onecanbeemoreexperiencedinhandlingchallengesoflife.Historymakesusmoreempathetic(具有共情能力的).Studyinghistorycangiveusinsight(洞察力)intowhyourculturedoescertainthings,andhowthepasthasshapeditintowhatweknownow.Italsoprovidesaratherstrongfoundationforempathyacrosscultures.Fearandhateforothersisusuallycausedbyignorance(無(wú)知).We’rescaredofthethingsthatwedon’tunderstand.Historyhasthepotentialtobreakdownthoseboundariesbyofferingusinsightintoentireworldsthatwouldotherwisebeforeigntous.Historycaninspireustolearnmore.What’sfantasticabouthistoryisthewayitbroadensourhorizons.It’salmostimpossibletolearnaboutonehistoricalperiodwithouthavingdozensofquestionsaboutrelatedconcepts.Studythe19recenturyEngland,andyoumightcatchaglimpseofCharlesDickens’OliverTwist.LookupCharlesDickens,andyoumightlearnathingortwoaboutrealism.Ormaybeyouendupswitchingyourattentionawayfromnovels,anddiscoverthehistoryofromanticpoetsinEngland.Itcangoanywhere,andthereissomethinginthereforabsolutelyanybody.Thevalueofhistorycannotbeunderestimated.Wedon’thavetoliveinthepast,butwecandefinitelydobetterbylearningfromitandusingthelessonslearnttoleadmoremeaningfullives.28.Peoplecangetasenseofculturalbelongingbystudyinghistoryand_______.A.thinkingaboutthemeaningofitB.acceptingthedevelopmentofcultureC.analyzinghowtheygettothepresentstateD.reflectingontheirsocialandeconomiclife29.WhatcanbeconcludedfromParagraph4?A.Itisdifficulttogetridofculturalbarriers.B.Peoplearewillingtoacceptforeigncultures.C.Culturalconflictsinhistoryaredifficulttoignore.D.Historyhelpsusimproveourcrossculturalawareness.30Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.HowtoBuildCulturalIdentity B.WhyStudyingHistoryMattersC.KnowthePast,KnowthePresent D.History:aWaytoBroadenHorizons【答案】28.B29.D30.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要圍繞“為什么歷史是重要的”這一主題進(jìn)行闡述，列舉了多個(gè)理由來(lái)支持這一觀點(diǎn)，如歷史可以讓我們了解自己的根源、豐富我們的經(jīng)驗(yàn)、使我們更具共情能力、激發(fā)我們學(xué)習(xí)更多等?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Manypeoplefeelliketheyneedasenseofculturalbelonging,whichissomethingthatstudyingyourrootsandbeingopenmindedtotheevolution(演變)ofyourculturecanprovide.(許多人覺(jué)得他們需要一種文化歸屬感，這是研究你的根源和對(duì)你的文化演變持開放態(tài)度所能提供的。)”可知，文化歸屬感是可以通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)歷史，和接受文化演變獲得的。故選B?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Historymakesusmoreempathetic(具有共情能力的).Studyinghistorycangiveusinsight(洞察力)intowhyourculturedoescertainthings,andhowthepasthasshapeditintowhatweknownow.Italsoprovidesaratherstrongfoundationforempathyacrosscultures.Fearandhateforothersisusuallycausedbyignorance(無(wú)知).We’rescaredofthethingsthatwedon’tunderstand.Historyhasthepotentialtobreakdownthoseboundariesbyofferingusinsightintoentireworldsthatwouldotherwisebeforeigntous.(歷史讓我們更具有共情能力的。研究歷史可以讓我們洞察為什么我們的文化會(huì)做某些事情，以及過(guò)去是如何將其塑造成我們現(xiàn)在所知道的樣子。它也為跨文化的同理心提供了相當(dāng)堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。對(duì)他人的恐懼和憎恨通常是由于無(wú)知造成的。我們害怕我們不了解的東西。歷史有可能打破這些界限，讓我們洞悉整個(gè)世界，否則我們就會(huì)感到陌生。)”可知，通過(guò)了解其他文化的歷史，我們可以更好地欣賞他們的價(jià)值觀和傳統(tǒng)，這反過(guò)來(lái)又有助于我們克服文化障礙并減少?zèng)_突。這表明，當(dāng)我們面對(duì)來(lái)自不同文化背景的人時(shí)，通過(guò)了解他們的歷史，我們更有能力去理解和尊重他們的觀點(diǎn)和習(xí)俗。因此，可以得出結(jié)論，歷史有助于我們提高跨文化意識(shí)。故選D?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ifyou’restudyinghistory,askingyourselfthequestion“whyishistoryimportant”isaverygoodfirststep.Historyisanessentialpartofhumancivilization.Youwillfindsomethingherethatwillarouseyourinterest,orgetyouthinkingaboutthesignificanceofhistory.(如果你正在學(xué)習(xí)歷史，問(wèn)自己“為什么歷史很重要”是很好的第一步。歷史是人類文明的重要組成部分。你會(huì)在這里找到一些能引起你興趣的東西，或者讓你思考?xì)v史的重要性。)”、最后一段“Thevalueofhistorycannotbeunderestimated.Wedon’thavetoliveinthepast,butwecandefinitelydobetterbylearningfromitandusingthelessonslearnttoleadmoremeaningfullives.(歷史的價(jià)值不可低估。我們不必活在過(guò)去，但我們可以通過(guò)從中吸取教訓(xùn)，過(guò)更有意義的生活，做得更好。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，這篇文章討論了學(xué)習(xí)歷史的重要性，并提供了為什么它是有價(jià)值的幾個(gè)原因。選項(xiàng)B“WhyStudyingHistoryMatters(為什么學(xué)習(xí)歷史很重要)”抓住了文本的主要焦點(diǎn)，即解釋為什么學(xué)習(xí)歷史是重要的。故選B。DAccordingtoanewAgricultureDepartmentreport,U.S.forestscouldexacerbateglobalwarmingbecausetheyarebeingdestroyedbynaturaldisastersandarelosingtheirabilitytoabsorbplanetwarminggasesastheygetolder.Thereportpredictsthattheabilityofforeststoabsorbcarbonwillstartdecliningafter2025andthatforestscouldreleaseupto100millionmetrictonsofcarbonayearastheiremissions(排放)fromdecaying(腐爛的)treesgobeyondtheircarbonabsorption.Forestscouldbeea“substantialcarbonsource”by2070,theUSDAreportsays.Thelossofcarbonabsorptionisdriveninpartbynaturaldisasterssuchaswildfires,tornadoesandhurricanes,whichareincreasinginfrequencyandstrengthasglobaltemperaturesrise.Thedisastersdestroyforestland,destroyingtheirecosystemanddecreasingtheirabilitytoabsorbcarbon,accordingtoLynnRiley,aseniormanagerofclimatescienceattheAmericanForestFoundation.Agingforestsalsocontribute.Thereportfoundthatolder,maturetreesabsorblesscarbonthanyoungertreesofthesamespecies,andU.S.forestsarerapidlyaging.Thistrendislikelytocontinue,asforestseunderincreasingthreatfromclimatechangeandexploitation(開采).Thetypicaltropical(熱帶的)forestmaybeeacarbonsourcebythe2060s,accordingtoSimonLewis,professorintheschoolofgeographyatLeedsUniversity.“Humanshavebeenluckysofar,astropicalforestsarecleaninguplotsofourpollution,buttheycan’tkeepdoingthatindefinitely,”hesaid.“Weneedtocutdownfossilfuelemissionsbeforetheglobalcarboncyclestartsworkingagainstus.”U.S.forestscurrentlyabsorb11percentofU.S.carbonemissions,or150millionmetrictonsofcarbonayear,equaltothebinedemissionsfrom40coalpowerplants,accordingtothereport.ThelossofforestsasnaturalcarbonabsorberswillrequiretheU.S.tocutemissionsmorerapidlytoreachnetzero.“Asweworktodecarbonize(碳減排),forestsareoneofthegreatesttoolsatourhandling.Ifweweretolosethat,itmeanswewillcontributethatmuchmoreinemissions.”Rileysaid.31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exacerbate”inParagraph1probablymean?A.Relieve. B.Worsen. C.Address. D.Measure.32.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A.Thekeyroleofforestsintheecosystem.B.Theconsequencesoffrequentnaturaldisasters.C.Theimpactofrisingglobaltemperaturesonforests.D.Thereasonsforforests’decliningabilitytoabsorbcarbon.33.WhatdoesSimonLewissuggest?A.Reducingfossilfuelemissions. B.Dealingwithdecayingtreesintime.C.Plantingyoungertreesonalargescale. D.Limitingtheexploitationofforestresources.34.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A.Tostressthesignificanceofforests.B.Tooffersuggestionsonforestmanagement.C.TopresenttheeffortstheU.S.hasmadetoreachnetzero.D.Toshowtheincreasingcarbonemissionsfromcoalpowerplants.【答案】31.B32.D33.A34.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)部的一份新報(bào)告稱森林在未來(lái)可能會(huì)加劇全球變暖，而非緩解全球變暖，到2070年，森林甚至可能會(huì)成為主要的碳排放者?！?1題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段中“becausetheyarebeingdestroyedbynaturaldisastersandarelosingtheirabilitytoabsorbplanetwarminggasesastheygetolder.(因?yàn)樗鼈冋谑艿阶匀粸?zāi)害的破壞，并且隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，它們正在失去吸收地球變暖氣體的能力)”可知，森林受到自然災(zāi)害的破壞，且吸收溫室氣體的能力隨著年齡在下降，所以可推知美國(guó)的森林可能會(huì)加劇全球變暖，劃線詞的意思為“加劇，使惡化”。故選B?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Thelossofcarbonabsorptionisdriveninpartbynaturaldisasterssuchaswildfires,tornadoesandhurricanes,whichareincreasinginfrequencyandstrengthasglobaltemperaturesrise.Thedisastersdestroyforestland,destroyingtheirecosystemanddecreasingtheirabilitytoabsorbcarbon,accordingtoLynnRiley,aseniormanagerofclimatescienceattheAmericanForestFoundation.Agingforestsalsocontribute.Thereportfoundthatolder,maturetreesabsorblesscarbonthanyoungertreesofthesamespecies,andU.S.forestsarerapidlyaging.(碳吸收的減少在一定程度上是由野火、龍卷風(fēng)和颶風(fēng)等自然災(zāi)害造成的，隨著全球氣溫的上升，這些自然災(zāi)害的頻率和強(qiáng)度都在增加。美國(guó)森林基金會(huì)氣候科學(xué)高級(jí)經(jīng)理LynnRiley表示，這些災(zāi)難破壞了林地，破壞了其生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，降低了其吸收碳的能力。老化的森林也起到了推波助瀾的作用。報(bào)告發(fā)現(xiàn)，年齡較大、成熟的樹木吸收的碳比同一物種的年輕樹木少，美國(guó)的森林正在迅速老化)”可知，本段主要列舉了幾個(gè)導(dǎo)致森林吸收碳能力減少的原因，如自然災(zāi)害、森林老化等。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Weneedtocutdownfossilfuelemissionsbeforetheglobalcarboncyclestartsworkingagainstus.(我們需要在全球碳循環(huán)開始對(duì)我們不利之前減少化石燃料的排放)”可知，SimonLewis建議減少化石燃料排放。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“U.S.forestscurrentlyabsorb11percentofU.S.carbonemissions,or150millionmetrictonsofcarbonayear,equaltothebinedemissionsfrom40coalpowerplants,accordingtothereport.ThelossofforestsasnaturalcarbonabsorberswillrequiretheU.S.tocutemissionsmorerapidlytoreachnetzero.“Asweworktodecarbonize(碳減排),forestsareoneofthegreatesttoolsatourhandling.Ifweweretolosethat,itmeanswewillcontributethatmuchmoreinemissions.”Rileysaid.(根據(jù)這份報(bào)告，美國(guó)森林目前吸收了美國(guó)11%的碳排放量，即每年1.5億噸碳，相當(dāng)于40座燃煤電廠的總排放量。森林作為天然碳吸收器的損失將要求美國(guó)更快地減少排放，以達(dá)到凈零排放?！霸谖覀兣γ撎嫉倪^(guò)程中，森林是我們處理的最好工具之一。如果我們失去了這一點(diǎn)，這意味著我們將貢獻(xiàn)更多的排放?！比R利說(shuō))”可知，森林在吸收碳方面起著重要作用，如果森林消失，意味著對(duì)排放量有非常高的要求，故本段主要是在強(qiáng)調(diào)森林的重要性。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ahealthylifestyleisonethatisfullofhealthychoicesandbehavior.Ithelpsyoukeepphysicalandmentalhealthandhelpsyoulivelonger.Generallyspeaking,thefactorsthatcontributetoahealthylifestylemayincludephysicalactivity,ahealthydiet,lowstressandhealthyhabits._____35________36___Ithelpstoreduceyourriskofdiseases,suchascancer,anddiabetes,andhelpsyoucontrolyourweight.Inchildren,physicalactivityalsobuildsconfidence.Aspartofahealthylifestyle,adultsshouldtakepartinmoderate(適度的)tointenseaerobicexercisesandmusclestrengtheningactivitiesregularly.TheCentersforDiseaseControlandPreventionremendsatleast150minutesofaerobicactivityperweek,suchaswalking,bicycling,playingtennis.swimmingoraerobics.Eatingahealthydietcanhelpyoupreventdiseaseandkeepahealthyweight.Thismeanseatingarangeofwholefoodsfromthedifferentfoodgroups.Overall,ahealthydietishighinplantbasedfoodsandlowinsugaryandhighfatfoods.Meatcanbepartofahealthydietifitiseateninmoderation._____37_____Althoughstressisanaturalhumanreactiondesignedtokeepyououtofdanger,therearenegativehealthconsequencestodealingwithlongtermstress.___38___Inordertomanageyourstress,youneedtolearnwhatcausesitandhowyoucandealwithit.Waystodealwithunavoidablestressincludeexerciseandtalkingtofamilyorfriends.Ahealthylifestyleincludeshealthyhabits.Thismeansprotectingyourskinfromthesun,gettingregularhealthcheckupsandavoidingsubstanceabuse.Smokingandtobaccouseareunhealthybecausetheyincreaseyourriskofdiseasessuchascancerandheartdisease.____39____.Itcandamageyourliver,causecancerandhurtlovedones.A.Yourlifestyleshouldsupportahealthyweight,soremainactivedaily.B.Thesefactorshelpreducetheriskofdiseasesandincreaseyourqualityoflife.C.Foralongerandbetterlife,puttogetheryourplanforahealthylifestyle.D.Eatingaw