英語-河北省 高三上學期9月月考英語試題（解析版）

河北省2025屆高三年級9月階段測試英語本試卷共8頁，滿分150分，考試用時120分鐘。注意事項：1.本試卷由四個部分組成，其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一節(jié)為選擇題，第三部分的第二節(jié)和第四部分為非選擇題。2.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。3.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案：C。1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Makeacake. B.Takepartinarace. C.Stopatthesupermarket.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Aren’twesupposedtobringadishtoAmy’sparty?It’sashareddinner,isn’tit?M:You’reright!Well,it’stoolatetocookanythingnow.Look,we’reneartheHappyMart.Pullover,andI’llruninandgrabacakefordessert.2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Takeafewrisks.B.Watchoutforpotentialdangers.C.Avoidharmingthenaturalsystem.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:I’mplanningacampingtriptotheAmazonrainforest.It’sgoingtobeanexcitingadventure.M:Becarefulwiththewildlifethere.Therearesomanyunpredictablerisks.W:Mymainconcernisnottocauseanyharm.Thejungleisadelicatenaturalsystem.3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanintendtodo?A.Buyahouse. B.Expandhishouse. C.Advertisehishouse.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:I’mlookingforafive-bedroomhousewithalargegarden,ideallywithina15-minutewalktothetrainstation.W:Ibelievewehaveonehouseintheareathatmatchesthatdescriptionfor$500,000.M:I’mafraidmybudgetis$400,000.4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Drinkorders. B.Itemsonthemenu. C.Theirfavoritefruit.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Isthispineapplejuice?Iaskedthewaitressforacupoflemonjuice.W:Oh,thepineappleoneismine.Shemusthavemixedourrequestsup.Youaskedforthejuicewithnoaddedsugar,right?M:Exactly.Icedsodawaterwithlemon—that’smyfavorite.5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】WhoisEllemostlikelytobe?A.Elena’ssister. B.John’sdaughter. C.John’seldersister.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Hi,Elena.Haven’tseenyouforawhile.How’syourfamily?W:We’reallgood,John.Thanks.We’vebeenawayonholidaytoDisneylandwithmysisterandherkidsforthepasttwoweeks.M:Amazing.We’rewaitinguntilElleisalittleolderbeforewego.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】6.WhatdoweknowaboutRobBrown?A.Hewillgraduatenextyear.B.Hetakesaninterestincooking.C.He’sdissatisfiedwithStacy’sservice.7.WhatproblemdoesStacyfindout?A.Robclickedthewrongbirthdate.B.Robselectedthewrongyearforhisclass.C.Robdidn’tknowhowtoregisterforthecourse.【答案】6.B7.B【解析】【原文】M:Hello,isthisthecollegeadmissiondesk?W:Yes,mynameisStacy.HowcanIhelpyou?M:Hi,Stacy,I’mRobBrown.Ihavesignedupforaneveningcookingcourse,butI’mhavingdifficultyregisteringformyclassesonline.W:Whatisyourdateofbirth,Rob?M:It’s2ndJune,2002.W:OK.SoIcanseetheissue.You’veactuallysignedupfornextyear’sclass.M:Ohno,Imusthaveclickedthewrongyear.W:Don’tworry.Westillhavespacesforthisyear,soI’llfixthatforyou.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】8.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inacompany. B.Atauniversity. C.Athome.9.Whichcareerdoesthemanprobablyprefernow?A.Writing. B.Accounting. C.Engineering.10.Whatdoesthewomanworryabout?A.Whetherthemanwillchangemajors.B.Whetherthemanwillgetgoodgrades.C.Whetherthemanwillfindasuitablejob.【答案】8.C9.A10.C【解析】【原文】W:It’sgreattohaveyoubackfromuniversity,dear!Welcomeinside.Thewholefamilyiswaitingforyou.Andweallmissyousomuch!M:Thanks,Mom.W:So,howwasyourfirstsemester?M:Istartedawork-studyprogramatanaccountingfirm,butI’vehadasuddenchangeofheart.I’drathernotworkwithnumbers.Instead,Iwanttoswitchtoacreativefield,likeliterature.W:That’sabigchange!M:Indeeditis!Doyouthinkit’sappropriatetochangemajorsatthispoint?W:Oh,IchangedmyengineeringmajorwhenIwasyourage,too.Iknowyou’lldowellinanyfield.Myonlyconcernisaboutthecareeropportunitiesincreativefields.Pleasekeepthisinmindwhilechoosingamajor.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】11.Whenwillthedebatetakeplace?A.NextFriday. B.NextSaturday. C.NextSunday.12.Whatdoesthemansayaboutpart-timejobs?A.Theydisturbstudents’studies.B.Theyhelpstudentssavemoney.C.Theygetstudentstolearnaboutsociety.13.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthecomingdebate?A.Uncertain. B.Indifferent. C.Interested.【答案】11.A12.C13.C【解析】【原文】W:Hey,haveyouheardaboutthedebatetobeheldnextweek?M:No,Ihaven’t.Whatisitabout?W:Itisaboutwhethercollegestudentsshouldtakepart-timejobs.It’satopicclosetoallofus.Don’tyouthinkso?M:Yeah.Whenandwheredoesittakeplace?NextSaturdayorSunday?W:No,it’sscheduledfornextFridayat6:00pmintheuniversitylibrary.TheteamfromourcollegeandtheonefromCityCollegeofSanFranciscowillparticipateinthedebate.M:Soundsinteresting!I’vealwaysthoughtthatpart-timejobscanhelpstudentsgainreal-worldexperience.W:That’strue,butotherssaytheymighttakestudentsattentionawayfromtheirstudies.Iguesswe’llhearalltheseideasinthedebate!M:Can’twaittoattend!Maybewewilllearnsomethingnew!W:Butnowlet’shurrytomoveuptothethirdfloor.It’salmosttimeforourmathclass!聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】14.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Co-workers. B.Bossandsecretary. C.Interviewerandinterviewee.15.Whatisprobablytheman?A.Awriter. B.Avideo-producer. C.Aphotographer.16.Whatisthemostimportantthinginjournalismaccordingtothewoman?A.Sharingevents.B.Presentinghonestopinions.C.Bringingtheglobalcommunitytogether.【答案】14.A15.B16.C【解析】【原文】W:Hi,I’mHelen.I’mretiringsoon,soI’mgoingaroundtheofficetospeaktoalltherecently-hiredstaffmemberslikeyou.M:It’sanhonor,MsSchmitt.I’vebeensoinspiredbythemanyfamousphotosyou’vetakenthroughoutyourcareer.W:I’mgladtohearthat.Areyoualsoaphotographer?M:No.Ourbosshiredmeandmyteamasvideocreators.ButIlovephotographytoo.W:Backintheday,Iwasaphotographerbecausethatwasthebestwaytoshareinformation.Butnowadays,Iadmirethemodernjournalistswhousevideos.M:That’sinteresting.Sharingphotos,writtenarticlesandinterviewshavechangedourworld.Butnow,I’mwonderingwhatyouthinkisthemostcriticalpartofjournalism.W:I’velearnedthatit’snotjustaboutbeinghonestandsharingrecentevents,althoughthat’scrucial.Themostessentialfactorisbringingtheworldclosertogether.Globally,wemustcelebratevictoriesandsupportothersduringdifficulttimes.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkaboutthenatureclubatlast?A.It’spopular. B.It’srewarding. C.It’sawful.18.What’sthepercentageofthefreshwaterthat’savailableforhumanuse?A.About3%. B.About2%. C.About1%.19.Wheredidthespeakerreadarainforestreport?A.OntheInternet. B.Ataschoolclub. C.Ingeographyclass.20.Whichofthefollowingcontributestoaquarterofallmodernmedicines?A.Animalsinoceans. B.Plantsinrainforests. C.Wildlifeinundisturbedareas.【答案】17.B18.C19.A20.B【解析】【原文】M:Irecentlyjoinedthenatureclubatschool.Ihadwantedtojointhescienceclubbuttheyhadnospacesleft,soIhadtochangemydecision.Atfirst,IthoughtIwasnotinterestedinthis,butithasturnedouttobeamazing.I’velearnedsomeinterestingandhelpfulfactsaboutnature.Forexample,doyouknowthat97%oftheearth’swaterisactuallysaltwaterfoundintheoceans?Thatmeansonly3%oftheplanet’swaterisfreshwater,yetwecanonlyuseone-thirdofit,astheremainderistoofarundergroundorisice.AnotherinterestingfactI’velearnedisthatforestscover30%ofalllandonEarth.Atleastathirdofthathasbeencompletelyundisturbedbyhumanactivity.Speakingofforests,Ireadareportonlinein2019,whichsaidweloseapieceofrainforestthesamesizeasafootballfieldeverysixseconds.However,aquarterofallmodernmedicinescomefromplantsfoundinrainforests.Thatiswhysavingtherainforestsissoimportant.Notonlydotheyprovideuswithfreshairtobreathe,buttheyalsogrowthingsthatkeepushealthy.I’mgoingtosharethisfactwiththenatureclubonWednesday.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卷上將該項涂黑。AWhistlerTravelGuideSnow-cappedpeaksandpowderedsteeps;sparklinglakesandrushingwaterfalls;challenginghikingroutesandinvitingrestaurants—Whistler’sofferingssuiteveryseason.ThingstodoTheentiretowndisplaystheski-chicatmosphere,hostingdozensofskiandsnowboardcompetitionsandfestivalsannually.Inthewarmermonths,moreoutdoorenthusiastscomeouttoplay.Visitorscantryhikingorcyclingupthemountains.WhileWhistlerisanidealvacationspotfortheactivetypes,othertravelerscanenjoythelocalmuseumsandartgalleriesfilledwithinformativeexhibits.Plus,therearefamily-friendlyactivitiesandattractionslikesummerconcerts,alongwithplentyofshoppingoptions.WhentovisitThebesttimestovisitWhistlerarefromJunethroughAugustandbetweenDecemberandMarch.HowtogetaroundThebestwaystogetaroundWhistlerareonfootorbybike.Or,youcantaketheshuttlebusesfromWhistlerVillage,whichtransportvisitorstoLostLakeParkandtheMarketplace.Meanwhile,havingacarwillallowyouthefreedomtoexploretopattractionslikeWhistlerTrainWreckandAlexanderFallswithouthavingtospendalotofcashonacab.Whatyouneedtoknow●Whistlerreceivesfeetofsnoweachyear.Ifyou’redrivinginwinter,slowdownandmakesuretorentorcomewithareliableSUV.●SnowslidesarelikelytooccuronBackcountryroutes,soonlyadvancedskiersshouldtaketothisoff-the-maparea.●Whistler’swildernessishometomanyblackandgrizzlybears.Keepyourdistanceanddonotfeedthem.21.WhatareactivetravelersrecommendedtodoinWhistler?A.Bikeupthemountains. B.Hostskicompetitions.C.Goshoppingatthemalls. D.Visitmuseumexhibitions.22.Whichofthefollowingisthemostpopularamongtravelers?A.WhistlerVillage. B.LostLakePark. C.TheMarketplace. D.WhistlerTrainWreck.23.WhataretravelersprohibitedfromdoinginWhistler?A.DrivingarentedSUV. B.Feedinggrizzlybears.C.Exploringthewilderness. D.SkiingonBackcountryroutes.【答案】21.A22.D23.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是一篇惠斯勒旅游指南，介紹了旅游特色和注意事項等?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Visitorscantryhikingorcyclingupthemountains.(游客可以嘗試徒步旅行或騎自行車上山)”可知，惠斯勒推薦活躍的旅行者騎車上山。故選A?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Meanwhile,havingacarwillallowyouthefreedomtoexploretopattractionslikeWhistlerTrainWreckandAlexanderFallswithouthavingtospendalotofcashonacab.(同時，擁有一輛車可以讓你自由地探索像惠斯勒火車殘骸和亞歷山大瀑布這樣的頂級景點，而不必花很多錢打車)”可知，WhistlerTrainWreck最受游客歡迎。故選D。【23題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一短“Whistler’swildernessishometomanyblackandgrizzlybears.Keepyourdistanceanddonotfeedthem.(惠斯勒的荒野是許多黑熊和灰熊的家園。保持距離，不要喂它們)”可知，旅客在惠斯勒禁止喂灰熊。故選B。BIusedtobelievethatonlywordscouldcatchtheessenceofthehumansoul.Theliteraryworkscontainedsuchdistinctstoriesthattheyshapedthewaywesawtheworld.Wordswerewhatcomposedthequestionswesoughttouncoverandtheanswerstothosequestionsthemselves.Wordswereeverything.Thatbeliefchanged.Inanordinarymathclass,myteacherposedasimplequestion:What’s0.99roundedtothenearestwholenumber?Easy.Whenroundedtothenearestwholenumber,0.99=1.Somehow,Ithoughteventhough0.99isonly0.01awayfrom1,there’sstilla0.01difference.Thatmeanseveniftwothingsareonlyalittledifferent,theyarestilldifferent,sodoesn’tthatmakethemcompletelydifferent?Myteacheransweredmyquestionbypresentinganotherequation(等式):1=0.9,whichcouldalsobeexpressedas1=0.99999....repeatingitselfwithouteverending.Therewassomethingmysteriousbutfascinatingabouttheequation.Theleftsidewasunchangeable,objective:itcontainedanumberthatended.Ontherightwassomethingendless,numberrepeatingitselflimitlesstimes.Yet,somehow,thesetwoopposedthingswereconnectedbyanequalsign.Lyinginbed,Ithoughtabouthowmuchtheequationparalleledourexistence.Theleftsideoftheequationrepresentsthatsometimeslifeitselfissounchangeableandsoclear.Theconcrete,wholenumberofthedaywhenyouwerebornandthedaywhenyouwoulddie.Butthenthereisthatgapinbetweenlifeanddeath.Therightsidemeansatimeandspacefulloflimitlesspossibilities,andendlessopportunitiesintotheopenfuture.Sothat’swhatlifeis.Objectivebutimaginative.Unchangeablebutlimitless.Lifeisanequationwithtwosidesthatbalancesitsefout.Still,wecan’tevertrulyseemtoputtheperfectwordstoit.Sopossiblynumberscanexpressideasaseuallywellaswordscan.Fornow,let’sleaveitatthat:1=0.99999...andlivealifelikeit.24.Whatdoestheauthoremphasizeaboutwordsinparagraph1?A.Theirwidevariety. B.Theirliteraryorigins.C.Theirdistinctsounds. D.Theirexpressivepower.25.Whatmadetheauthorfindtheequationfascinating?A.Therepetitionofanumber. B.Thewaytwodifferentnumbersareequal.C.Thequestiontheteacherraised. D.Thedifferencebetweenthetwonumbers.26.Whichofthefllowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“paralleled”inparagraph6?A.Measured. B.Composed. C.Mirrored. D.Influenced.27.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ThePerfectEquation B.NumbersBuildEquationsC.AnAttractiveQuestion D.WordsOutperformNumbers【答案】24.D25.B26.C27.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講的是作者在數(shù)學課上學了一個等式后的一些感悟?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Iusedtobelievethatonlywordscouldcatchtheessenceofthehumansoul.Theliteraryworkscontainedsuchdistinctstoriesthattheyshapedthewaywesawtheworld.Wordswerewhatcomposedthequestionswesoughttouncoverandtheanswerstothosequestionsthemselves.(我曾經(jīng)相信，只有語言才能捕捉到人類靈魂的本質(zhì)。文學作品包含了如此獨特的故事，它們塑造了我們看待世界的方式。文字構(gòu)成了我們試圖揭示的問題，以及這些問題本身的答案)”可推知，在第一段作者主要強調(diào)了語言的表達力量，故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Therewassomethingmysteriousbutfascinatingabouttheequation.Theleftsidewasunchangeable,objective:itcontainedanumberthatended.Ontherightwassomethingendless,numberrepeatingitselflimitlesstimes.Yet,somehow,thesetwoopposedthingswereconnectedbyanequalsign.(這個方程式神秘而迷人。左邊是不變的、客觀的：里面有一個沒有盡頭的數(shù)字。右邊是無窮無盡的東西，數(shù)字無限重復。然而，不知怎么的，這兩個相反的東西被一個等號連接起來了)”可知，作者覺得這個等式很迷人，因為數(shù)字雖然不同，但是卻被等號連接起來了。由此推知，讓作者覺得這個等式迷人的是兩個不同的數(shù)相等的方式。故選B?！?6題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞下文“Theleftsideoftheequationrepresentsthatsometimeslifeitselfissounchangeableandsoclear.Theconcrete,wholenumberofthedaywhenyouwerebornandthedaywhenyouwoulddie.Butthenthereisthatgapinbetweenlifeanddeath.(等式的左邊表示有時候生命本身是如此的不可改變，如此的清晰。你出生的日期和你死亡的日期的具體整數(shù)。但是生與死之間有一段距離)”可知，作者躺在床上思考的是這個等式與我們的存在是多么相似，劃線詞paralleled的意思是“與……十分相似”，和mirrored意思相近，故選C?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第四段“Myteacheransweredmyquestionbypresentinganotherequation(等式):1=0.9,whichcouldalsobeexpressedas1=0.99999....repeatingitselfwithouteverending.(我的老師給出了另一個等式：1=0.9，也可以表示為1=0.99999……不斷重復，沒有盡頭)”和第五段“Therewassomethingmysteriousbutfascinatingabouttheequation.Theleftsidewasunchangeable,objective:itcontainedanumberthatended.Ontherightwassomethingendless,numberrepeatingitselflimitlesstimes.Yet,somehow,thesetwoopposedthingswereconnectedbyanequalsign.(這個等式神秘而迷人。左邊是不變的、客觀的：里面有一個沒有盡頭的數(shù)字。右邊是無窮無盡的東西，數(shù)字無限重復。然而，不知怎么的，這兩個相反的東西被一個等號連接起來了)”可知，本文主要講的是作者在數(shù)學課上學了一個等式后的一些感悟。由此可知，最恰當?shù)臉祟}是A選項“ThePerfectEquation(完美的等式)”。故選A。C“Whydoesgrandpahaveearhair?”Justafewyearsagomychildwassocurioustoknow“why”and“how”thatwehadtocutoffherquestionsfiveminutesbeforebedtime.Nowasoon-to-befourthgradershesaysthatshedislikesschoolbecause“it’snotfiuntolearm.”Iamshocked.Asascientistandparent,IhavedoneeverythingIcantopromotealoveoflearninginmychildren.WheredidIgowrong?Mychild’sexperienceisnotunique.DevelopmentalpsychologistSusanEngelnotesthatcuriositydefinedas“spontaneous(自發(fā)的)”investigationandeagernessfornewinformation-dropsdramaticallyinchildrenbythefourthgrade.InWonder:ChildhoodandtheLifelongLoveofScience,YalepsychologistFrankC.Keildetailsthedevelopmentofwonder—aspontaneouspassiontoexplore,discover,andunderstand.Hetakesusonajourneyfromitsearlydevelopment,whenwonderdrivescommonsenseandscientificreasoning,throughthedrop-offinwonderthatoftenoccurs,tothetrapoflifeinasocietythatdevalueswonder.AsKeilnotes,childrenareparticularlyrichinwonderwhiletheyarerapidlydevelopingcausalmechanisms(因果機制)inthepreschoolandearlyelementaryschoolyears.Theyaresensitivetotheothers’knowledgeandgoals,andtheyexpertlyusetheirdesireforquestioning.Children’squestions,particularlythoseabout“why”and“how”supportthedevelopmentofcausalmechanismswhichcanbeusedtohelptheirday-to-dayreasoning.Unfortunately,asKeilnotes,“adultsgreatlyunderestimateyoungchildren’scausalmechanisms.”Inthebook,Wonder,Keilshowsthatwecansupportchildren’songoingwonderbyplayinggameswiththemaspartners,encouragingquestion-asking,andfocusingontheirabilitiestoreasonandconclude.Adeclineinwonderisnotunavoidable.Keilremindsusthatwecanacceptwonderasadesirablepositivequalitythatexistsineveryone.Ivaluewonderdeeply,andWonderhasgivenmehopebyproposingafutureformychildrenthatwillremainwonder-full.28.Whatisacommonproblemamongfourthgraders?A.Theyupsettheirparentstoooften. B.Theyasktoomanystrangequestions.C.Theirloveforfundisappearsquickly. D.Theirdesiretolearndeclinessharply.29.Whatcanbeinferredaboutchildren’scausalmechanismsinparagraph4?A.Theycontrolchildren’ssensitivity. B.Theyslightlychangeinearlychildhood.C.Theyhardlysupportchildren’sreasoning. D.Theydevelopthroughchildren’squestioning.30.Howcanparentssupportchildren’songoingwonderaccordingtoKeil?A.Bymonitoringtheirgames. B.Bywelcominginquiringminds.C.Byestimatingtheirabilities. D.Byprovidingreasonableconclusions.31.Whatisthetext?A.Abookreview. B.Anewsreport. C.Aresearchpaper. D.Achildren’sstory.【答案】28.D29.D30.B31.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹的是Wonder這本書的主要內(nèi)容，這本書主要分析的是為什么孩子們對外界事物的好奇會在四年級時急劇減少?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“DevelopmentalpsychologistSusanEngelnotesthatcuriositydefinedas“spontaneous(自發(fā)的)”investigationandeagernessfornewinformation-dropsdramaticallyinchildrenbythefourthgrade.(發(fā)展心理學家SusanEngel指出，到四年級時，被定義為“自發(fā)”調(diào)查的好奇心和對新信息的渴望會急劇下降。)”可知，四年級學生的常見問題是他們的學習欲望急劇下降。故選D?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Children’squestions,particularlythoseabout“why”and“how”supportthedevelopmentofcausalmechanismswhichcanbeusedtohelptheirday-to-dayreasoning.(孩子們的問題，特別是那些關(guān)于“為什么”和“如何”的問題，支持因果機制的發(fā)展，可以用來幫助他們的日常推理。)”可知，從第4段可以推斷出兒童的因果機制是通過孩子們的提問發(fā)展起來的。故選D?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Inthebook,Wonder,Keilshowsthatwecansupportchildren’songoingwonderbyplayinggameswiththemaspartners,encouragingquestion-asking,andfocusingontheirabilitiestoreasonandconclude.(在Wonder這本書中，Keil告訴我們，我們可以通過和孩子們一起玩游戲，鼓勵他們提問，關(guān)注他們推理和總結(jié)的能力，來支持孩子們持續(xù)的驚奇。)”可知，根據(jù)Keil的說法，父母可以通過歡迎孩子們問問題來支持孩子們不斷的驚奇，故選B。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是倒數(shù)第二段“Inthebook,Wonder,Keilshowsthatwecansupportchildren’songoingwonderbyplayinggameswiththemaspartners,encouragingquestion-asking,andfocusingontheirabilitiestoreasonandconclude.(在Wonder這本書中，Keil告訴我們，我們可以通過和孩子們一起玩游戲，鼓勵他們提問，關(guān)注他們推理和總結(jié)的能力，來支持孩子們持續(xù)的驚奇。)”可知，本文主要介紹的是Wonder這本書的主要內(nèi)容，因此這本書是書評，故選A。DEachyear,theworldlosesabout10millionhectaresofforest—anareaaboutthesizeofIceland—becauseofcuttingdowntrees.Atthatrate,somescientistspredicttheworld’sforestscoulddisappearin100to200years.Tohandleit,nowresearchersatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havepioneeredatechniquetogeneratewood-likeplantmaterialsinalab.Thismakesitpossibleto“grow”awoodenproductwithoutcuttingdowntrees.Inthelab,theresearchersfirsttakecellsfromtheleavesofayoungplant.Thesecellsareculturedinliquidmediumfortwodays,thenmovedtoanothermediumwhichcontainsnutrientsandtwodifferenthormones(激素).Byadjustingthehormonelevels,theresearcherscantunethephysicalandmechanicalqualitiesofthecells.Next,theresearchersusea3Dprintertoshapethecell-basedmaterial,andlettheshapedmaterialgrowinthedarkforthreemonths.Finally,theresearchersdehydrate(使脫水)thematerial,andthenevaluateitsqualities.Theyfoundthatlowerhormonelevelsleadtoplantmaterialswithmorerounded,opencellsoflowerdensity(密度),whilehigherhormonelevelscontributetothegrowthofplantmaterialswithsmallerbutdensercellstructures.Lowerorhigherdensityofcellstructuresmakestheplantmaterialssofterormorerigid,helpingthematerialsgrowwithdifferentwood-likecharacteristics.What’smore,it’stobenotedthattheresearchprocessisabout100timesfasterthanthetimeittakesforatreetogrowtomaturity!Researchofthiskindisground-breaking.“Thisworkdemonstratesthegreatpowerofatechnology,”saysleadresearcher,JeffreyBerenstain.“Therealopportunityhereistobeatitsbestwithwhatyouuseandhowyouuseit.Thistechnologycanbetunedtomeettherequirementsyougiveaboutshapes,sizes,rigidity,andforms.Itenablesusto‘grow’anywoodenproductinawaythattraditionalagriculturalmethodscan’tachieve.”32.WhydoresearchersatMITconducttheresearch?A.Togrowmoretrees.B.Toprotectplantdiversity.C.Toreducetreelosses.D.Topredictforestdisappearance.33.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutthelabresearch?A.Itstheoreticalbasis.B.Itskeyprocedures.C.Itsscientificevidence.D.Itsusualdifficulties.34.Whatdoesthefindingsuggestabouttheplantmaterials?A.Thehormonelevelsaffecttheirrigidity.B.Theyarebetterthannaturallygrownplants.C.Theircells’shapesmainlyrelyontheirdensity.D.Theirgrowthspeeddeterminestheircharacteristics.35.Whyistheresearchground-breakingaccordingtoBerenstain?A.Itusesnewbiologicalmaterialsinlabexperiments.B.Ithasasignificantimpactonworldwideplantgrowth.C.Itchallengestraditionalscientifictheoriesinforestry.D.Itrevolutionizesthewaytomakewoodenproducts.【答案】32.C33.B34.A35.D【解析】【導語】本文是新聞報道。文章主要介紹麻省理工學院的研究人員為了減少樹木損失而進行的一項研究?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Eachyear,theworldlosesabout10millionhectaresofforest—anareaaboutthesizeofIceland—becauseofcuttingdowntrees.Atthatrate,somescientistspredicttheworld’sforestscoulddisappearin100to200years.Tohandleit,nowresearchersatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havepioneeredatechniquetogeneratewood-likeplantmaterialsinalab.Thismakesitpossibleto“grow”awoodenproductwithoutcuttingdowntrees.(每年，全世界因砍伐樹木而損失約1000萬公頃森林，面積相當于冰島的大小。按照這個速度，一些科學家預測世界森林可能在100到200年內(nèi)消失。為了解決這個問題，麻省理工學院（MIT）的研究人員開創(chuàng)了一種在實驗室中生成類似木材的植物材料的技術(shù)。這使得在不砍伐樹木的情況下“種植”木制品成為可能。)”可知，麻省理工學院的研究人員進行這項研究是為了減少樹木損失。故選C?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Inthelab,theresearchersfirsttakecellsfromtheleavesofayoungplant.Thesecellsareculturedinliquidmediumfortwodays,thenmovedtoanothermediumwhichcontainsnutrientsandtwodifferenthormones(激素).Byadjustingthehormonelevels,theresearcherscantunethephysicalandmechanicalqualitiesofthecells.Next,theresearchersusea3Dprintertoshapethecell-basedmaterial,andlettheshapedmaterialgrowinthedarkforthreemonths.Finally,theresearchersdehydrate(使脫水)thematerial,andthenevaluateitsqualities.(在實驗室里，研究人員首先從一株年輕植物的葉子上提取細胞。這些細胞在液體培養(yǎng)基中培養(yǎng)兩天，然后轉(zhuǎn)移到另一種含有營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)和兩種不同激素的培養(yǎng)基中。通過調(diào)節(jié)激素水平，研究人員可以調(diào)節(jié)細胞的物理和機械質(zhì)量。接下來，研究人員使用3D打印機對基于細胞的材料進行成型，并讓成型材料在黑暗中生長三個月。最后，研究人員將材料脫水，然后評估其質(zhì)量。)”可知，這一段主要介紹研究的過程。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Theyfoundthatlowerhormonelevelsleadtoplantmaterialswithmorerounded,opencellsoflowerdensity(密度),whilehigherhormonelevelscontributetothegrowthofplantmaterialswithsmallerbutdensercellstructures.Lowerorhigherdensityofcellstructuresmakestheplantmaterialssofterormorerigid,helpingthematerialsgrowwithdifferentwood-likecharacteristics.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，較低的激素水平會使植物材料的細胞更圓、更開放、密度更低，而較高的激素水平有助于細胞結(jié)構(gòu)更小但密度更大的植物材料的生長。更低或更高密度的細胞結(jié)構(gòu)使植物材料更柔軟或更堅硬，有助于材料生長出不同的類木特征。)”可知，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)表明激素水平會影響它們的剛性。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Researchofthiskindisground-breaking.“Thisworkdemonstratesthegreatpowerofatechnology,”saysleadresearcher,JeffreyBerenstain.“Therealopportunityhereistobeatitsbestwithwhatyouuseandhowyouuseit.Thistechnologycanbetunedtomeettherequirementsyougiveaboutshapes,sizes,rigidity,andforms.Itenablesusto‘grow’anywoodenproductinawaythattraditionalagriculturalmethodscan’tachieve.”(這類研究具有開創(chuàng)性意義。首席研究員JeffreyBerenstain說：“這項工作展示了一項技術(shù)的巨大力量。這里真正的機會是在你使用什么以及如何使用它方面達到最佳狀態(tài)。這項技術(shù)可以進行調(diào)整，以滿足你對形狀、尺寸、剛度和形式的要求。它使我們能夠以傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)方法無法實現(xiàn)的方式‘種植’木產(chǎn)品。”)”可知，在JeffreyBerenstain看來，這項技術(shù)之所以具有開創(chuàng)性意義是因為它徹底改變了木制產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)方式。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。StandingonahillatClivedenGardensonasunnywinterday,itsdark-greenlakesurroundedbycenturies-oldtreestookmybreathaway.____36____It’sjustalocalparknearLondonthatI’dneverheardofduringmyeightyearslivingintheUK.AsIadmiredtheserenegarden,ittaughtmealessonabouttheBritishcultureofunderstatement.“TheEnglishlandscapeismorebeautifulbecauseitsbeautyisunderstated,”myfriendWillsaidtomelateraswewalkedthroughanexhibitionatTateBritain.Hepointedtoapaintingofapeacefulcountryside.“ThisisthelandscapeIgrewupwith”,hesaid.Unlikegrandwaterfallsorwildforests,thisscenerydoesn’tshoutaboutitsbeauty.____37____IwonderifChinesetouristswillexplorebeyondLondon.____38____Indeed,OxfordandCambridgeandthebelovedLakeDistrictNationalParkaresomeiconicsymbolsofBritain.Butitwouldbeapityiftheymissoutontheless