2022年名校聯(lián)盟基礎(chǔ)年級(jí)聯(lián)考高二英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期末測(cè)試卷及答案

名校聯(lián)盟基礎(chǔ)年級(jí)聯(lián)考高二（上）期末考試英語(yǔ)考生注意：1.本試卷共8頁(yè)。時(shí)間100分鐘，滿分120分，答題前，考生先將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)填寫在試卷指定位置，并將姓名、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)、考生號(hào)填寫在答題卡上，然后認(rèn)真核對(duì)條形碼上的信息，并將條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。作答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將試卷和答題卡一并收回。第I卷（選擇題，共70分）第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。APaleHorse,PaleRiderKatherineAnnePorterwasacelebratedAmericanjournalist,essayist,shortstorywriterandnovelist.Herworksdealwithdarkthemesincludingjusticeandtheunforgivingnatureofthehumanrace.PaleHorse,PaleRider（1939）ishershortnovelsetduringtheinfluenzapandemic（流感大流行）of1918,whichkilledfivetimesasmanyAmericansasdidWorldWarI.Itsmaincharacter,Miranda,isayoungreporterwhofallsinlovewithasoldier；thebook'sfever-dreamstylecapturestheexperienceofthedisease.TheAndromedaStrainMichaelCrichtonwasoneofthemostsuccessfulnovelistsofhisgeneration.TheAndromedaStrain（1969）ishisbest-sellingtechno-thrillerthatbeginswhenamilitarysatellitecrashestotheearthandreleasesanorganismthatkillsalmosteveryoneinanearbysmalltown.Thenthingsgetbad.LoveintheTimeofCholeraGabrielGarciaMarquezwasamajorLatin-Americanauthorofnovelsandshortstories,acentralfigureintheso-calledmagicalrealismmovementinLatinAmericanliterature.HewasawardedtheNobelPrizeinliteraturein1982.LoveintheTimeofCholera(1985)ishisgreatColombianauthorsattractivetaleofa50-yearcourtship,inwhichlovesicknessisasstubbornasdisease.uMybest,"hesaidofit."Thenovelwaswrittenfrommysoul."TheRoadCormacMcCarthyisanAmericannovelistandplaywright.TheRoad(2006)ishisbeautifullywritten,PulitzerPrize-winningnovelsetafteranunspecifiedextinctioneventhaswipedoutmostofhumanity.Anunnamedmanandaboytravelonfoottowardasouthernsea,havingtoavoidcannibals(食人者)anddespair.TheRoadisaspeciallymovingstory1ofajourney.1.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirsttwobooksmentionedinthetext?A.They'rethebestsellers. B.They'refairlytales.C.They'reaboutdisasters. D.They'renon-fiction.2.Whichbookiswrittenbytheauthorwhocouldn'tthinkhighlyofittoomuch?A.PaleHorse,PaleRider B.TheAndromedaStrainC.LoveintheTimeofCholera D.TheRoad3.Whowrotethebookthatdescribedanadventurousjourney?A.KatherineAnnePorter. B.MichaelCrichto.C.GabrielGarciaMarquez. D.CormacMcCarthy.BI'mAlice.When1wasyoung,mymothermadethesamedishfivenightsaweekbecausewewerelowoncash.Sheboiledpotatoes,carrots,andsometimes,othervegetablesonthekitchenstove.Onlysmallamountsoftheroastbeefthatshecookedonceaweekwereaddedtothebowls.Shecalleditstew(燉菜).Iwouldhearotherchildrentalkabouthamburgers,fries,andmilkshakesfromfastfoodrestaurants,whichwereexpensiveatthetime.Iwishedwecouldeatlikethatonceinawhile,butmyparentscouldn'taffordit.ButIlookbackandIthinkhowblessedIwasMymomtookthetimetopreparethestewnearlyeverynight.Herportionswereright——focusingonthevegetablesandnotonthemeat——andweweren'teatingthefatandsaltwewouldhavehadintake-outfood.Ihadalotfewerheadcoldsandflusthanmyclassmatesthen.If1didgetsick,I'dbehomeforadayortwo,notawholeweeklikemanyofthem.ThoughIbecameillmoreofteninmythirties,IhavetoadmitI'dbeeneatinglotsoffastfood,makingupfornotgettingitasachild.ButwhenIwentbacktopreparehomemademealswithoutthoseextrafatandsalt,Istartedtofeelhealthier.TodayIoftenfindmyselfenjoyingabowlofmymother'sstew.IrealizehowluckyIwastohaveamotherwhowouldliketotakethetimetopreparetheslewforherfamilyfiveeveningsaweek.Thatstewwasmadewithloveandithasleftmewithamemorythatwillwarmmeforever.4.WhydidAlice'smothercookthestewnearlyeverynightwhenshewasyoung?A.Becauseitwasabalancedmeal. B.Becauseitwastheirfavorite.C.Becauseitwaseasilycooked. D.Becauseitmightcostless.5Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingparagraph4?A.Toshowushowtocookthestew. B.Toexplaintheeffectsthestewhasonher.C.Totellushowgreathermotheris. D.Towarnusofthedangeroffastfood.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeAlice'smother?A.Caring B.Strict. C.Humorous. D.Cautious7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MyMothersDaughter B.MyUnforgettableChildhoodC.GratefulfortheStew D.ServingFoodandKindnessCHaveyoueverwonderedwhatitwouldbeliketoworkwithzoooraquariumanimals?Kylene,ananimalcarespecialistfromSeaWorldSanDiego,whocaredfortheAfricanpenguinsatSeaWorldformanyyears.Overthepastseveralyears,theSouthAfricanpenguinshavebeenonthedecreaseinnumbers.Ahundredyearsago,therewereabout1millionAfricanpenguins,butsincethentheirpopulationhasdecreasedtounder100,000.Scientistspredictthepopulationcouldfallaslowas50,000overthenext20yearsifwedon'tdoanything.Somescientiststhinkthechangingoceantemperatureshavecausedthepenguins1foodsupplytodisappear.Humanshavealsodisturbedthepenguins'wildhabitatandcollectedtheireggs.Andhumanshavealsobeencollectingguano(thewastepassedfromtheseabirds'bodies),whichcanbeaddedtothesoiltomakeplantsgrowmoresuccessfully.Asaresult,humansdamagetheirnaturalnest-diggingsites.Withoutthepilesofguanothepenguinsusedtobuildtheirnests,they'vebeenforcedtonestonopenground.Someotherscientiststhinktheslightincreaseinairtemperatureontheislandshashadanimpactonthepenguins'successrateofhatchingtheireggs.Nomatterwhatthereasonis,SouthAfricanpenguinpopulationisfalling,andscientistsneedtofindawaytostopthedecline.Workingwithotherzoosinthecountry,KylenedidwhatshecouldtohelpprotecttheSouthAfricanpenguins.ThroughKylene'seffortsandtheeffortsofthepeoplelikeheratmanypenguinconservationorganizationsinSouthAfrica,theselittlepenguinshaveachanceforabettertomorrow.8.WhathashappenedtotheSouthAfricanpenguinsoverthepastyears?A.Thepenguinpopulationhasgreatlydeclined.B.They'vebeguntolosethehabitatcompletely.C.Theyhavedonegreatharmtothenaturalenvironment.D.Theyhavebeenhuntedbyhumansformoney-making.9.Whatdoesthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theimportanceofpenguins'return. B.Thecausesofpenguins'decrease.C.Theeffortsofsomescientists. D.thenecessityofpenguins'existence.10.Whatisguanousedforbyhumans?A.Thefoodsupply. B.Thebuildingmaterials.C.Thegoodshelter. D.Thefarmingfertilizer.11.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthefutureoftheSouthAfricanpenguins?A.Worried. B.Doubtful. C.Hopeful. D.Uncertain.DThewayofgreetingsomeonecomesindifferentforms.KissingandhuggingarenormalinsomeEuropeanandArabcountries.MaorisinNewZealandgreeteachotherbyrubbingagainsttheirnoses.However,themostcommonphysicalwayofgreetingpeoplenowadaysishandshake.Ithasbecomesoubiquitousthatyoumayneverhavethoughtaboutitsorigins.It'slikeapartofhumannature.Themodernhandshakeasaformofgreetingishardtotrace.TheQuakersaretraditionallyseenasoriginators.ButasDutchsociologistHermanRoodenburg——thechiefauthorityforthehistoryofhandshaking一wroteinhispublicationACulturalHistoryofGesture,"Morethaninanyotherfield,thestudyofgestureisoneinwhichthehistorianhastomakethemostofonlyafewclues."Anotherwell-knownevidenceoftheearlytraditionofshakinghandstookplaceintheearly17thcentury.AScotsmanlivinginEngland,namedJamesCleland,suggestedthatthepracticeoftheugoodoldScottishshakingofthetworighthands”shouldbeobserved,insteadofthingslikebowingdowntoeveryone'sshoesandkissinghands.Ifyouaskwhyshakinghandsisthemostpreferredwayofgreetingoverothergestures,themostwell-knownexplanationisthathandshakingpreventstherighthandfromholdingaweapon.Inthe19thcenturyitwasarguedthatshakinghandswithoutremovinggloveswasquiterudeandrequiredanimmediateapology.Shakinghandsseemslikeagesturethathasbeenaroundforever.However,in1880'sFrance,asocietyhadbeenformedtoabolishthehandshakeasa''vulgar"Englishnovelty.AndnowintheUSthatgesturemayfallawayinfavorofthefisthump.Whilethefistbumpisacoolerwaytogreetsomeone,thereasonmayhavebeenmorepractical.Accordingtosurveyparticipants,theydidnotwanttoshakehandsbecausetheywereafraidofcatchingandspreadinggerms（細(xì)菌）.12.Whichofthefollowingcanbestexplain"ubiquitous”underlinedinparagraph1?A.Curious. B.Obvious. C.Common. D.Shallow.13.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlydiscussaboutthemodernhandshake?A.Theimportance. B.Thehistory.C.Thefeature. D.Theclassification.14.Whydidpeopleshakehandsusingrighthandsaccordingtothemostfamousexplanation?A.Forconvenience. B.Forpoliteness.C.Forenjoyment. D.Forsafety.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Everyonedoesn'tfallinlovewiththehandshake.B.Therootofhandshakeislostinthesandsoftime.CItmightseemlikeshakinghandsisanancientcustom.D.Ahandshakeisamongthemostcommonwaystogreetothers.第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whenitcomestohealth,everyonewantsthebestforthemselvesandtheirfamilies.YoucanhelppreventthespreadofCOVID-19byseeingthelatestinformationfromtheWHO.WhatisCOVID-19?___16___ManycountrieshaveseencasesofCOVID-19andseveralhaveseenoutbreaks.ExpertsinChinaandsomeothercountrieshavesucceededinslowingorstoppingtheiroutbreaks._____17_____YoucanreduceyourchancesofbeinginfectedorspreadingCOVID-19bytakingsomesimplemeasures:____18____Why?Whensomeonecoughsorsneezestheyspraysmallliquiddroplets（飛沫）fromtheirnoseormouthwhichmaycontainvirus.Ifyouaretoo（dose,youcanbreatheinthedroplets,includingtheCOVID-19virusifthepersonhasthedisease.Makesureyouandpeoplearoundyou,followgoodrespiratoryhygiene（呼吸衛(wèi)生）.Thismeanscoveringyourmouthandnosewithyourtissuewhenyoucoughorsneeze.Thenhandletheusedtissueimmediatelyandwashyourhands.Why?___19___Byfollowinggoodrespiratoryhygiene,youprotectthepeoplearoundyoufromvirusessuchascold,fluandCOVID-19.Stayhomeifyoufeelunwell.Ifyouhaveafever,coughanddifficultybreathing,seekmedicalattentionandcallinadvance.Followthedirectionsofyourlocalhealthauthority.Why?Nationalandlocalauthoritieswillhavethemostuptodateinformationonthesituationinyourarea.Callinginadvancewillallowyourhealthcareprovidertoquicklydirectyoutotherighthealthfacility.____20____A.Dropletsspreadvirus.B.PeoplecancatchCOVID-19fromotherswhohavethevirus.C.WhatcanIdotoprotectmyselfandpreventthespreadofdisease?D.However,thesituationisunpredictablesocheckregularlyforthelatestnews.EMaintainatleast1metredistancebetweenyourselfandanyonewhoiscoughing.F.Itisainfectiousdiseasecausedbythemostrecentlydiscoveredcoronavirus.G.Thiswillalsoprotectyouandhelppreventspreadofvirusesandotherinfections.第二部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。MyfriendAnnetteandIdecidedtogotoLivermoretoattendaregionalScienceFictionWriter'sConference.Weweretakingaminivacationtogetherandcouldn'thavebeenmore____21____.Theweatherforecastwas____22____highwindsandrain,sowearrivedearlyasplanned.Weevenhadgood___23___tobeabletogetourroombeforethestandardafternooncheck-in.Butthewindandrainmadestayingintheonly___24___afterwearrived.Aslunchtimeapproached,we____25____burgersbyaphoneapp.Thefood-deliveryapp____26____aforty-five-minute____27____time.Forty-fiveminutescameandwent,thenanhour,andthenanotherhour.Wehadtocancelthe____28____.Thehotelmanager___29___arestaurantthathadgreathamburgers.However,gettingtherebytaxi,we______30______itwasclosedduetothebadweather.Andourdriverhadalreadyleftbythetimewereadthe"closed''______31______Westoodoutsidethebuildingonthatmiserableday,tryingtodecidewhattodonext.Ofcourse,the______32______waseasy:Justorderanothertaxi.Ibegan______33______inmypurseformyphone,butitwasn'tthereJSoon,IrealizedIhad______34______itinthetaxi.Thedriverwaslonggone,andsowasmy_______35_______,whichwasonlyaweekold!Idon'tknow______36______itneveroccurredtoustocallmycellphonetoseeifthedriverhadfoundit!Aftereatinginanotherfast-foodrestaurantquickly,ourseconddriverpulledintotheparkinglotofthehotel.WhatIsawnext_____37_____me.Coulditbe?Itwastrue.Thefirstandthesame______38______Bycontactingmymother,hefoundmeandmyhotel.Itwasamiracle（奇跡），anabsolutemiracle.Findingthatphoneinanunfamiliarplacewas______39______Icouldn'tbelievesuch_____40_____existedinLivermore.Nowwecan'twaittopayitforward!21.A.worried B.interested C.excited D.moved22.A.guessing B.predicting C.imagining D.intending23.A.luck B.welfare C.connection D.support24.A.dream B.freedom C.approach D.option25.A.gaveaway B.decidedon C.carriedon D.putaway26A.promised B.determined C.concerned D.devoted27.A.transportation B.journey C.wait D.queue28.A.bill B.attention C.invitation D.order29.A.suggested B.named C.explored D.admitted30.A.recognized B.discovered C.observed D.argued31.A.permit B.sigh C.sign D.bargain32.A.reason B.belief C.question D.solution33.A.fixing B.digging C.burying D.thinking34.A.left B.forgot C.regretted D.thrown35.A.license B.purse C.phone D.ticket36.A.how B.where C.when D.why37.A.amazed B.spotted C.combined D.beat38.A.reminder B.manager C.driver D.receiver39.A.strange B.unbelievable C.modern D.artificial40.A.admiration B.consideration C.reward D.kindness第II卷（非選擇題，共50分）第二節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Airpurifiers（凈器）domorethancleantheairinyourhouse.Itisoneofthebest___41___（tool）thatcanimproveyoursleep.However,onlycleanairpurifierscanhelpyousleep___42___（peaceful）.Airpurifiers___43___blockedfilters（濾網(wǎng)）mayproducealoudnoise.Thatwillnevermakeyoufallasleep.Instead,itwillwaketheperson_____44_____istryingtosleepinthenextroom.Makesureyoucleanthefiltersoftheairpurifierfrequentlysothattheydon'tjustpurifytheair,butalsoavoid___45___（produce）anyuncomfortablenoise.Atthesametime,checkthemfrequentlytoensurethatthey___46___（be）inproperworkingorder.Youcaneithercleanthefiltersaloneoraskaprofessionaltodoitforyou.ForDIYcleaning,youcangoonlineandsearchfor___47___（person）careusermanuals（指南）toknow_____48_____totakeapartthefiltersandcleanthem.Itispossibletouseavacuumcleanertosuckthedust___49___（attach）tothefilters.Forsomeairpurifiers,thefilterscan_____50_____（take）out.Youcancleanthemusingliquidsoap,andputthembackinthepurifieragain.第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題;每小題1分，滿分10分）51.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（A），并在其下面寫岀該加的詞。刪除:把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。Therearealotofexamplesofstrong-willedfigureshavingachievedsuccess,oneofwhichwasTheodoreParker.Whenyoung,hehelpshisparentsworkontheirfarm.Heseldomwenttoschool,andhemanagedtogainhisknowledgebyteachinghimselfinhissparetime.HiswishwastobeadmittoHarvardUniversity.Asresult,hemadehisdreamtocometrue.FinalhebecameaninfluentialpersoninAmericanhistory.Itwashisstrongwillwhatcontributedtohissuccess.Thisexampleindicatesthatastrongwillisessentialifyouwanttomakeachievementsinourstudiesorwork,orindeedinotheraspectofourlives.第二節(jié)書面表達(dá)（滿分25分）52.假定你是李華，在倫敦一所學(xué)校交換學(xué)習(xí)。得知你所在學(xué)校將舉辦為期一周的中國(guó)文化周活動(dòng)，你給該活動(dòng)負(fù)責(zé)人Chris寫一封電子郵件詢問(wèn)有關(guān)事宜。內(nèi)容包括：1.活動(dòng)時(shí)間；2.活動(dòng)內(nèi)容；3.表達(dá)參與意愿。注意：1.詞數(shù)100字左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearChris,______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yourssincerely,名校聯(lián)盟基礎(chǔ)年級(jí)聯(lián)考高二（上）期末考試參考答案第I卷（選擇題，共70分）第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。A【答案】1.C2.C3.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四本小說(shuō)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章對(duì)前兩本書的介紹可知，第一本書提及流感大流行，第二本書提及一顆軍用衛(wèi)星墜落到地球上，釋放出一種生物，殺死了附近小鎮(zhèn)上的幾乎所有人?？梢酝茢喑鏊鼈兪桥c災(zāi)難有關(guān)的書。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LoveintheTimeofCholera部分中的“Mybest,"hesaidofit.“Thenovelwaswrittenfrommysoul."可知，作者說(shuō)這本小說(shuō)是他最好的作品。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheRoad部分中的Anunnamedmanandaboytravelonfoottowardasouthernsea,havingtoavoidcannibals（食人者）anddespair.可知，這本小說(shuō)描寫了一位無(wú)名男子和一個(gè)男孩為了逃避食人者和絕望，徒步踏上了前往南部海洋的旅途。故選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】文章主題和中心思想的闡述往往需要大量細(xì)節(jié)信息的支持，這些細(xì)節(jié)對(duì)于理解全文內(nèi)容至關(guān)重要，同時(shí)也是歸納和概括文章中心思想的基礎(chǔ)。命題人往往會(huì)要求考生根據(jù)不同的要求閱讀文章，以獲得某些特定的信息，或準(zhǔn)確地尋求所需的細(xì)節(jié)，并對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行直接或間接辨認(rèn)和理解。文章細(xì)節(jié)的理解可以細(xì)化為：（1）一一對(duì)應(yīng)型。答案與題目在表達(dá)形式和意義上直接吻合，一一對(duì)應(yīng)，一目了然。屬于淺層次的閱讀試題，分?jǐn)?shù)比例較少。（2）語(yǔ)言轉(zhuǎn)述型。這是一類間接事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題，答案與題目在意義上從分運(yùn)用了詞義之間的轉(zhuǎn)述關(guān)系，即正確選項(xiàng)是原文有關(guān)詞語(yǔ)和句子的另類表達(dá)。屬于中檔難度題，分?jǐn)?shù)比例較大。（3）語(yǔ)意理解型。這是一類深層事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)理解題，答案與題目之間存在著一定的邏輯聯(lián)系，這種聯(lián)系需要建立在事實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上通過(guò)上、下文來(lái)進(jìn)行判斷、分析、歸納和整合，才能得出正確答案。屬于較高難度的事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。（4）是非辨別型。這是一類綜合事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題，出題形式常常是“三正一誤”(三項(xiàng)正確，只有一項(xiàng)不符合原文內(nèi)容)或“三誤一正”（三項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，只有一項(xiàng)符合原文內(nèi)容)。（5）事實(shí)排序型。這是一類運(yùn)用多項(xiàng)事實(shí)進(jìn)行排序的事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題，要求根據(jù)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后順序、時(shí)間順序或者句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，找出時(shí)間發(fā)生，發(fā)展的正確順序。本文中的第2小題和第3小題都屬于語(yǔ)言轉(zhuǎn)述型細(xì)節(jié)題。B【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述的是作者小時(shí)候家里很窮，媽媽經(jīng)常做燉菜，看似普通的燉菜對(duì)作者卻有巨大的影響?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的WhenIwasyoung,mymothermadethesamedishfivenightsaweekbecausewewerelowoncash,可知，當(dāng)時(shí)作者家里窮，經(jīng)濟(jì)緊張，所以母親才經(jīng)常做燉菜。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段可知，小時(shí)候由于經(jīng)常吃燉菜，作者很少生??；在作者30多歲的時(shí)候，因?yàn)槌粤颂嗫觳徒?jīng)常生病,后來(lái)又開始自己做菜，結(jié)果恢復(fù)了健康。由此可推斷出，這一段主要是為了說(shuō)明燉菜對(duì)作者好的影響。故選B。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的IrealizehowluckyIwastohaveamotherwhowouldliketotakethetimetopreparethestewforherfamilyfiveeveningsaweek.媽媽每周有五個(gè)晚上愿意花時(shí)間為她的家人準(zhǔn)備燉菜?？梢钥闯?，Alice的媽媽是一個(gè)體貼的人。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。文章講述的是由于貧窮，小時(shí)候媽媽經(jīng)常為全家做燉菜，出人意料的是，燉菜有很多的好處，作者對(duì)媽媽所做的燉菜充滿了感激之情。故選C?！军c(diǎn)睛】推理判斷試題屬于高層次閱讀理解題。這種題型包括判斷題和推理題。這兩類題常常相互依存，推理是為了得出正確的判斷，正確的判斷又依賴于合乎邏輯的推理。做好該題型要從整體上把握語(yǔ)篇內(nèi)容，在語(yǔ)篇的表面意義與隱含意義、已知信息與未知信息間架起橋梁，透過(guò)字里行間，去體會(huì)作者的“弦外之音”。推理判斷題常常可以分為如下幾類：（1）細(xì)節(jié)推斷。如時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物關(guān)系等；（2）邏輯推斷。根據(jù)已知的結(jié)果推斷導(dǎo)致結(jié)果產(chǎn)生的可能原因；（3）目的、意圖、態(tài)度推斷。根據(jù)文章的論述，推斷作者的寫作目的以及作者情感態(tài)度；（4）預(yù)測(cè)想象推斷。文章沒有明確說(shuō)明，要求根據(jù)語(yǔ)篇對(duì)文章可能涉及的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)判斷。（5）預(yù)測(cè)文章出處。根據(jù)文章主旨判斷出文章可能出自什么地方。例如，本文中的第2小題就屬于目的推斷題，第3小題屬于態(tài)度推斷題。C【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述了南極企鵝的數(shù)量在減少，科學(xué)家在尋找原因，并且動(dòng)物護(hù)理專家Kylene正在為保護(hù)企鵝做出努力?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段首句Overthepastseveralyears,theSouthAfricanpenguinshavebeenonthedecreaseinnumbers.（在過(guò)去的幾年里，南非企鵝的數(shù)量一直在減少。）可知，南非企鵝數(shù)量銳減。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段Somescientiststhinkthechangingoceantemperatureshavecausedthepenguins1foodsupplytodisappear.Humanshavealsodisturbedthepenguins5wildhabitatandcollectedtheireggs.Andhumanshavealsobeencollectingguano(thewastepassedfromtheseabirds'bodies),whichcanbeaddedtothesoiltomakeplantsgrowmoresuccessfully..可知，一些科學(xué)家認(rèn)為，海洋溫度的變化導(dǎo)致了企鵝的食物供應(yīng)消失。人類也擾亂了企鵝的野生棲息地，并收集它們的蛋。人類也一直在收集鳥糞(從海鳥身上排出的廢物)，它們可以被添加到土壤中，讓植物生長(zhǎng)得更順利。所以第二段主要關(guān)于企鵝數(shù)量減少的原因。故選B?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的Andhumanshavealsobeencollectingguano(thewastepassedfromtheseabirds'bodies),whichcanbeaddedtothesoiltomakeplantsgrowmoresuccessfully.（人類也一直在收集鳥糞(從海鳥身上排出的廢物)，它們可以被添加到土壤中，讓植物生長(zhǎng)得更順利。）可知，guano可以被用作肥料。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的ThroughKylene'seffortsandtheeffortsofthepeoplelikeheratmanypenguinconservationorganizationsinSouthAfrica,theselittlepenguinshaveachanceforabettertomorrow.可知，在Kylene及相關(guān)企鵝保護(hù)組織人士的幫助下，南非企鵝可能會(huì)有一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的未來(lái)。由此可以推知，作者的態(tài)度是感覺有希望的。故選C?！军c(diǎn)睛】推理判斷試題屬于高層次閱讀理解題。這種題型包括判斷題和推理題。這兩類題常常相互依存，推理是為了得出正確的判斷，正確的判斷又依賴于合乎邏輯的推理。做好該題型要從整體上把握語(yǔ)篇內(nèi)容，在語(yǔ)篇的表面意義與隱含意義、已知信息與未知信息間架起橋梁，透過(guò)字里行間，去體會(huì)作者的“弦外之音”。推理判斷題常?？梢苑譃槿缦聨最悾海?）細(xì)節(jié)推斷。如時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物關(guān)系等；（2）邏輯推斷。根據(jù)已知的結(jié)果推斷導(dǎo)致結(jié)果產(chǎn)生的可能原因；（3）目的、意圖、態(tài)度推斷。根據(jù)文章的論述，推斷作者的寫作目的以及作者情感態(tài)度；（4）預(yù)測(cè)想象推斷。文章沒有明確說(shuō)明，要求根據(jù)語(yǔ)篇對(duì)文章可能涉及的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)判斷。（5）預(yù)測(cè)文章出處。根據(jù)文章主旨判斷出文章可能出自什么地方。例如本文中最后一題就屬于第三種類型，屬于目的意圖題。例如，本文中的第4小題屬于態(tài)度推斷題。D【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【解析】分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了傳統(tǒng)握手禮的發(fā)展史以及人們對(duì)待握手禮的態(tài)度?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上句

themostcommonphysicalwayofgreetingpeoplenowadaysishandshake.可知現(xiàn)在最常見的問(wèn)候方式是握手，所以Ithasbecomesoubiquitousthatyoumayneverhavethoughtaboutitsorigins.握手是如此的普遍以至于人們都不考慮它的起源。ubiquitous意為“普遍的”。故選C?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段第一句Themodernhandshakeasaformofgreetingishardtotrace.（作為一種問(wèn)候方式的現(xiàn)代握手禮是很難追溯的。）可知，第二段以時(shí)間為線索描述了握手這一禮節(jié)的發(fā)展歷史。故選B?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句...themostwell-knownexplanationisthathandshakingpreventstherighthandfromholdingaweapon.可知，根據(jù)最著名的解釋得知，人們使用右手握手，主要為了安全考慮，防止（對(duì)方）右手拿武器。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，在1880年的時(shí)候，法國(guó)人反對(duì)握手這一禮節(jié)，現(xiàn)在美國(guó)人為了防止細(xì)菌的蔓延也開始使用其他打招呼的方式，故并不是每個(gè)人都喜歡使用握手禮。故選A。【點(diǎn)睛】文章主題和中心思想的闡述往往需要大量細(xì)節(jié)信息的支持，這些細(xì)節(jié)對(duì)于理解全文內(nèi)容至關(guān)重要，同時(shí)也是歸納和概括文章中心思想的基礎(chǔ)。命題人往往會(huì)要求考生根據(jù)不同的要求閱讀文章，以獲得某些特定的信息，或準(zhǔn)確地尋求所需的細(xì)節(jié)，并對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行直接或間接辨認(rèn)和理解。文章細(xì)節(jié)的理解可以細(xì)化為：（1）一一對(duì)應(yīng)型。答案與題目在表達(dá)形式和意義上直接吻合，一一對(duì)應(yīng)，一目了然。屬于淺層次的閱讀試題，分?jǐn)?shù)比例較少。（2）語(yǔ)言轉(zhuǎn)述型。這是一類間接事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題，答案與題目在意義上從分運(yùn)用了詞義之間的轉(zhuǎn)述關(guān)系，即正確選項(xiàng)是原文有關(guān)詞語(yǔ)和句子的另類表達(dá)。屬于中檔難度題，分?jǐn)?shù)比例較大。（3）語(yǔ)意理解型。這是一類深層事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)理解題，答案與題目之間存在著一定的邏輯聯(lián)系，這種聯(lián)系需要建立在事實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上通過(guò)上、下文來(lái)進(jìn)行判斷、分析、歸納和整合，才能得出正確答案。屬于較高難度的事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。（4）是非辨別型。這是一類綜合事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題，出題形式常常是“三正一誤”(三項(xiàng)正確，只有一項(xiàng)不符合原文內(nèi)容)或“三誤一正”（三項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，只有一項(xiàng)符合原文內(nèi)容)。（5）事實(shí)排序型。這是一類運(yùn)用多項(xiàng)事實(shí)進(jìn)行排序的事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題，要求根據(jù)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后順序、時(shí)間順序或者句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，找出時(shí)間發(fā)生，發(fā)展的正確順序。本文中的第3小題屬于語(yǔ)言轉(zhuǎn)述型的細(xì)節(jié)題。preventstherighthandfromholdingaweapon和safety對(duì)應(yīng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)?！敬鸢浮?6.F17.D18.E19.A20.G【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了新型冠狀病毒肺炎以及如何采取措施預(yù)防新型冠狀病毒肺炎?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文WhatisCOVID-19可知，設(shè)空處需要回答什么是新型冠狀病毒肺炎。F項(xiàng)：Itisainfectiousdiseasecausedbythemostrecentlydiscoveredcoronavirus.（它是由最近發(fā)現(xiàn)的冠狀病毒引起的傳染病。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選F?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文ExpertsinChinaandsomeothercountrieshavesucceededinslowingorstoppingtheiroutbreaks.可知，中國(guó)和許多其他國(guó)家的專家已經(jīng)成功阻止或減緩了它的大爆發(fā)，此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折，但是防疫形勢(shì)多變，需要“我們”繼續(xù)關(guān)注最新信息。D項(xiàng)：However,thesituationisunpredictablesocheckregularlyforthelatestnews.（然而，情況是不可預(yù)測(cè)的，所以要定期查看最新消息。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文Ifyouaretooclose,youcanbreatheinthedroplets...可知，此處介紹了為了預(yù)防新型冠狀病毒肺炎，人與人之間要保持一米距離。E項(xiàng)：Maintainatleast1metredistancebetweenyourselfandanyonewhoiscoughing.（與咳嗽者保持至少1米的距離。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選E?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文Thismeanscoveringyourmouthandnosewithyourtissuewhenyoucoughorsneeze.再結(jié)合Why?可知，此處介紹用紙巾捂住嘴和鼻子的原因在于飛沫能傳播病毒。A項(xiàng)：Dropletsspreadvirus.（飛沫傳播病毒。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選A?！?0題詳解】結(jié)合上文Callinginadvancewillallowyourhealthcareprovidertoquicklydirectyoutotherighthealthfacility.（提前打電話可以讓你的醫(yī)療服務(wù)提供者迅速將你引向正確的醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)）可知，此處表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明提前打電話的好處。G項(xiàng)：Thiswillalsoprotectyouandhelppreventspreadofvirusesandotherinfections.（這也將保護(hù)你，幫助防止病毒的傳播和其他感染。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。第二部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)（共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑?！敬鸢浮?1.C22.B23.A24.D25.B26.A27.C28.D29.A30.B31.C32.D33.B34.A35.C36.D37.A38.C39.B40.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在經(jīng)歷了糟糕的一天后，在一個(gè)陌生的城市遇到了一位善良的出租車司機(jī)，將作者遺留在車上的手機(jī)送還給了作者?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：我們正在一起度過(guò)一個(gè)迷你假期，沒有比這更興奮的了。A.worried擔(dān)心的；B.interested感興趣的；C.excited感到興奮的；D.moved感動(dòng)的。根據(jù)上文Weweretakingaminivacationtogether...可知，在開會(huì)的同時(shí)還能享受短暫假期，“我們”應(yīng)該是很“興奮”。此處為比較級(jí)的否定形式表示最高級(jí)概念。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：天氣預(yù)報(bào)說(shuō)有大風(fēng)有雨，所以我們按計(jì)劃提前到了。A.guessing猜想；B.predicting預(yù)測(cè)；C.imagining想象；D.intending打算。結(jié)合前面的Theweatherforecast可知，此處是天氣預(yù)報(bào)“預(yù)測(cè)”有大風(fēng)和大雨。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：我們甚至很幸運(yùn)能在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的下午入住前拿到我們的房間。A.luck運(yùn)氣；B.welfare福利；C.connection聯(lián)系；D.support支持。結(jié)合上文...sowearrivedearlyasplanned.和下文...tobeabletogetourroombeforethestandardafternooncheck-in.可知，這是“幸運(yùn)的事情”。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：但是風(fēng)雨使我們到達(dá)后只能留在這里。A.dream夢(mèng)想；B.freedom自由；C.approach方法；D.option選擇。由于狂風(fēng)暴雨，因此待在賓館里是唯一的“選擇”。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：午餐時(shí)間快到了，我們通過(guò)手機(jī)應(yīng)用決定吃漢堡。A.gaveaway捐贈(zèng)；B.decidedon決定；C.carriedon繼續(xù)；D.putaway把……收好。根據(jù)下文Thefood-deliveryapp可知，此處“我們”決定用手機(jī)軟件預(yù)訂漢堡。decideon是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“決定”。故選B。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：這款送餐應(yīng)用承諾提供45分鐘的等待時(shí)間。A.promised承諾；B.determined決定；C.concerned擔(dān)心；D.devoted奉獻(xiàn)，投入。結(jié)合下文Forty-fiveminutescameandwent,thenanhour,andthenanotherhour.可知，此處是外賣軟件的“承諾”。故選A。27題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：這款送餐應(yīng)用承諾提供45分鐘的等待時(shí)間。A.transportation交通；B.journey旅行；C.wait等待；D.queue隊(duì)列。此處是外賣軟件承諾“我們”需要45分鐘的“等待”時(shí)間。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：我們不得不取消訂單。A.bill賬單；B.attention注意力；C.invitation邀請(qǐng)；D.order訂單。根據(jù)上文Forty-fiveminutes...andthenanotherhour.可知，“我們”等了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，不得不取消“訂單”。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：旅館經(jīng)理建議去一家有很棒漢堡包的餐館。A.suggested建議；B.named命名；C.explored探索；D.admitted承認(rèn)。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知,旅館經(jīng)理給“我們”“推薦”了一家飯店。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：然而，我們乘出租車到那里，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)由于天氣不好，它已經(jīng)關(guān)門了。A.recognized辨認(rèn)出；B.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.observed觀察；D.argued爭(zhēng)論。承接上文，當(dāng)“我們”到達(dá)那里時(shí)卻“發(fā)現(xiàn)”由于糟糕的天氣，飯店關(guān)門了。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)我們看到“關(guān)門”的標(biāo)志時(shí)，司機(jī)已經(jīng)離開了。A.permit允許；B.sigh嘆氣；C.sign征兆，指示牌；D.bargain便宜貨。此處指“我們”看到了飯店關(guān)門的“標(biāo)志”。故選C。【32題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)然，解決辦法很簡(jiǎn)單：只要再訂一輛出租車就行了。A.reason原因；B.belief信念；C.question問(wèn)題；D.solution解決辦法。結(jié)合下文Justorderanothertaxi.可知，這是“我們”解決問(wèn)題的辦法。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我開始在錢包里找我的手機(jī)，但是沒有。A.fixing修理，固定；B.digging挖，搜尋；C.burying埋葬；D.thinking考慮。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，“我”伸手到手提袋里找手機(jī)。此處dig意為“尋找，搜尋（物品）”。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：很快，我意識(shí)到我把它落在出租車上了。A.left離開；B.forgot忘記；C.regretted后悔；D.thrown仍。根據(jù)下文Thedriverwaslonggone,andsowasmy35,whichwasonlyaweekold!可知，“我”把手機(jī)落在了車上。leave“忘帶；丟下”。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：司機(jī)早就不見了，我的手機(jī)也不見了，才用了一個(gè)星期！A.license執(zhí)照，許可證；B.purse錢包；C.phone手機(jī)；D.ticket票。結(jié)合上文...formyphone,butitwasn'tthere!可知，司機(jī)開車走了，“我”的“手機(jī)”也隨之而去。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查從屬連詞辨析。句意：我不知道為什么我們從來(lái)沒有打過(guò)我的手機(jī)，看看司機(jī)是否發(fā)現(xiàn)了它！A.how怎么樣；B.where哪里；C.when什么時(shí)候；D.why為什么。此處“我”不知“為何”當(dāng)時(shí)沒有想到撥打“我”的手機(jī)，查看出租車司機(jī)是否發(fā)現(xiàn)了“我”的手機(jī)。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：我接下來(lái)看到的景象使我很吃驚。A.amazed使驚訝；B.spotted注意到，發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.combined組合，聯(lián)合；D.beat打敗。根據(jù)下文Coulditbe?Itwastrue.可知,接下來(lái)發(fā)生的事情使“我”“驚訝”。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：和第一個(gè)司機(jī)相同的司機(jī)。A.reminder提醒者；B.manager經(jīng)理；C.driver司機(jī)；D.receiver接收者。根據(jù)上文可知,此處是“我”見到了第一個(gè)“司機(jī)”。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：在一個(gè)陌生的地方找到手機(jī)是難以置信的，我不敢相信在利弗莫爾存在這樣的善良。A.strange奇怪的；B.unbelievable難以置信的；C.modern現(xiàn)代的；D.artificial人造的。在這樣一個(gè)不熟悉的城市找到丟失的手機(jī)是令人難以置信的。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：在一個(gè)陌生的地方找到手機(jī)是難以置信的，我不敢相信在利弗莫爾存在這樣的善良。A.admiration欽佩，羨慕；B.consideration考慮周到，深思；C.reward獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，回報(bào)；D.kindness善良。出租車司機(jī)送還“我”遺落的手機(jī)，這是善舉，“我”沒料到在利弗莫爾竟然存在這樣的“善舉”。故選D?！军c(diǎn)睛】完形填空的解題技巧之一就是要根據(jù)上下文來(lái)學(xué)會(huì)“推理”出最佳選項(xiàng)。在做題過(guò)程中要遵循“上下求索”的原則來(lái)查找信息。例如，文章中的第2小題，結(jié)合前面的Theweatherforecast可知，此處是天氣預(yù)報(bào)“預(yù)測(cè)”有大風(fēng)和大雨。故選B。第15小題結(jié)合上文...formyphone,butitwasn'tthere!可知，司機(jī)開車走了，“我”的“手機(jī)”也隨之而去。故選C。第II卷（非選擇題，共50分）第二節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿