外刊改編語(yǔ)法填空題Day+75-Day+76- 高三英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)

原創(chuàng)外刊改編語(yǔ)法填空題打卡Day75Doyouhavesecondhandsadness?Nowdays,

wesharebasicallyeverything;ourphotosarealloverInstagram,ourhottakesonTwitter,ourpersonalityquizresultsonFacebook–andwepingourthoughtsandfeelingstooneanother,too,overWhatsApp.Thereare,ofcourse,somanybenefitstoallofthis.Forstarters,wecanbetheretocheerourlovedonesonandcelebratetheirsuccessesatthedropofahat,tuninginfromafar____1_____easeatthemereclickofabutton.Weexperiencetheirjoyrightalongwiththem.Ontheflipside,then,ifsomeoneclosetousisgoingthroughsomethingawful,wecanofferoursupportmorereadilythanever.Butthiscan,inturn,causeustoexperienceapsychologicalphenomenonknownas“secondhandsadness.”Whatissecondhandsadness?“Everhadafriendtellyoua____2_____(tragedy)story,heardthey’velostalovedoneoraregoingthroughareallyhardtime,andyou’vefelttheirsadnessonadifferentlevel?It’sa____3_____(combine)ofempathy(understandingwhatothersfeel)andsympathy(feelingforothers),”explainsBeingwelllifecoachGraceMcMahon.“Sharinganyemotions–especiallythebiggeroneslikesadness,angerandhappiness–allowsourfriendships_____4____(blossom).Infact,wewillforgeabondfarstrongerthanifwebothchataboutwatchingthesameTVshowsovertheweekend.”Issecondhandsadnessasymptomofnarcissism?Ofcourse,it’seasytoassumeyou’rebeingself-indulgentifyoufindyourselffeelinglowonanother’sbehalf;afterall,thesadness-inducingeventisnothappeningtoyoudirectly,so_____5____onearthareyoubehavingasifitis?McMahon,however,sayssecondhandsadnessisconsideredasaselfishactonlyifyouaregoingtootherpeopleforsympathyofyourown.“It’smorelikelythatyouareanempatheticperson,”shesays.“Butsometimes,whenwe_____6____(accident)confusesympathyandempathy,wecanendupreallyfeelingthatemotionwithsomeone,ratherthanunderstandinghowtheyfeelandrecognisingthechallengeitbringsforthem,notus.Andthiscanreallyaffectourownmentalwellbeing.”Howcanweprotectourselvesfromsecondhandsadness?

It’simportantwemakesurewearethereandpresentforthepeopleinourlifewhoneedusmost,ofcourse,butcanwedosowhileprotectingourownemotionalwellbeing?Absolutely.Infact,McMahonsuggestswemakeanefforttotryandbeempatheticratherthansympathetic,becausedevelopingempathyactuallyhelpstoprotectusfromtheemotionsofothers.“Whensomeonesharessomesadnews,orhowthey’rereallydoingatthemomentifthingsaren’teasy,wecancomeawayfeelingsadforthem,____7_____inturncandampenourownspirits–primarilybecausewereallylovethispersonandwantthebestforthem,”shesays.“Trytomakelistening____8_____priority.So,whenafriendistellingusaboutadifficultsituation,listen–andlistenwithoutmakinganyjudgement,beitgoodorbad–toreallyhearandunderstand____9_____theyareexperiencing,feelingandthinkingaboutit.”McMahonadds:“Trytoavoidthinkinghowyouwouldreactifitwasyou.Instead,justlistentohowtheyarereactingandwhatitmeansforthem.Thiswillavoidconfusingthefeelingsbetweenyou,helpyoutounderstandtheirpointofview____10_____ allowyoutorespondeffectivelywithphraseslike,‘Thismustbereallyhardforyourightnow,’or‘Ihopethingsgetbetterforyousoon,canIdoanythingtohelp?’"“Thisalsomeanswecanbypassfrustratingtoxicpositivity(whenweseekapositiveineverythingdespitethedirenessofasituation).”Doyouhavesecondhandsadness?Nowdays,

wesharebasicallyeverything;ourphotosarealloverInstagram,ourhottakesonTwitter,ourpersonalityquizresultsonFacebook–andwepingourthoughtsandfeelingstooneanother,too,overWhatsApp.Thereare,ofcourse,somanybenefitstoallofthis.Forstarters,wecanbetheretocheerourlovedonesonandcelebratetheirsuccessesatthedropofahat,tuninginfromafarwitheaseatthemereclickofabutton.Weexperiencetheirjoyrightalongwiththem.Ontheflipside,then,ifsomeoneclosetousisgoingthroughsomethingawful,wecanofferoursupportmorereadilythanever.Butthiscan,inturn,causeustoexperienceapsychologicalphenomenonknownas“secondhandsadness.”Whatissecondhandsadness?“Everhadafriendtellyouatragic(tragedy)story,heardthey’velostalovedoneoraregoingthroughareallyhardtime,andyou’vefelttheirsadnessonadifferentlevel?It’sacombination(combine)ofempathy(understandingwhatothersfeel)andsympathy(feelingforothers),”explainsBeingwelllifecoachGraceMcMahon.“Sharinganyemotions–especiallythebiggeroneslikesadness,angerandhappiness–allowsourfriendshipstoblossom(blossom).Infact,wewillforgeabondfarstrongerthanifwebothchataboutwatchingthesameTVshowsovertheweekend.”Issecondhandsadnessasymptomofnarcissism?Ofcourse,it’seasytoassumeyou’rebeingself-indulgentifyoufindyourselffeelinglowonanother’sbehalf;afterall,thesadness-inducingeventisnothappeningtoyoudirectly,sowhyonearthareyoubehavingasifitis?McMahon,however,sayssecondhandsadnessisconsideredasaselfishactonlyifyouaregoingtootherpeopleforsympathyofyourown.“It’smorelikelythatyouareanempatheticperson,”shesays.“Butsometimes,whenweaccidentally(accident)confusesympathyandempathy,wecanendupreallyfeelingthatemotionwithsomeone,ratherthanunderstandinghowtheyfeelandrecognisingthechallengeitbringsforthem,notus.Andthiscanreallyaffectourownmentalwellbeing.”Howcanweprotectourselvesfromsecondhandsadness?

It’simportantwemakesurewearethereandpresentforthepeopleinourlifewhoneedusmost,ofcourse,butcanwedosowhileprotectingourownemotionalwellbeing?Absolutely.Infact,McMahonsuggestswemakeanefforttotryandbeempatheticratherthansympathetic,becausedevelopingempathyactuallyhelpstoprotectusfromtheemotionsofothers.“Whensomeonesharessomesadnews,orhowthey’rereallydoingatthemomentifthingsaren’teasy,wecancomeawayfeelingsadforthem,whichinturncandampenourownspirits–primarilybecausewereallylovethispersonandwantthebestforthem,”shesays.“Trytomakelisteningapriority.So,whenafriendistellingusaboutadifficultsituation,listen–andlistenwithoutmakinganyjudgement,beitgoodorbad–toreallyhearandunderstandwhattheyareexperiencing,feelingandthinkingaboutit.”McMahonadds:“Trytoavoidthinkinghowyouwouldreactifitwasyou.Instead,justlistentohowtheyarereactingandwhatitmeansforthem.Thiswillavoidconfusingthefeelingsbetweenyou,helpyoutounderstandtheirpointofviewandallowyoutorespondeffectivelywithphraseslike,‘Thismustbereallyhardforyourightnow,’or‘Ihopethingsgetbetterforyousoon,canIdoanythingtohelp?’"“Thisalsomeanswecanbypassfrustratingtoxicpositivity(whenweseekapositiveineverythingdespitethedirenessofasituation).”你有間接性悲傷嗎？現(xiàn)在，我們基本上共享一切；我們的照片遍布Instagram，我們?cè)赥witter上的熱門(mén)照片，我們?cè)贔acebook上的個(gè)性測(cè)試結(jié)果——我們也通過(guò)WhatsApp互相傳遞我們的想法和感受。當(dāng)然，所有這些都有很多好處。首先，我們可以在那里為我們所愛(ài)的人加油，慶祝他們的成功，只需點(diǎn)擊一個(gè)按鈕就可以立刻且輕松地從遠(yuǎn)處收聽(tīng)。我們和他們一起體驗(yàn)他們的快樂(lè)。另一方面，如果我們身邊的人正在經(jīng)歷可怕的事情，我們可以比以往任何時(shí)候都更容易地提供支持。但這反過(guò)來(lái)又會(huì)導(dǎo)致我們經(jīng)歷一種被稱(chēng)為“二手悲傷”的心理現(xiàn)象。什么是間接的悲傷？Beingwell生活教練GraceMcMahon解釋道：“有沒(méi)有朋友告訴你一個(gè)悲慘的故事，聽(tīng)說(shuō)他們失去了親人，或者正在經(jīng)歷一段非常艱難的時(shí)光，而你在不同的層面上感受到了他們的悲傷？這是同理心（理解他人的感受）和同情（對(duì)他人的同情）的結(jié)合”。“分享任何情緒——尤其是悲傷、憤怒和幸福等更大的情緒——都能讓我們的友誼開(kāi)花結(jié)果。事實(shí)上，我們建立的紐帶比周末聊著看同一個(gè)電視節(jié)目要牢固得多。”間接的悲傷是自戀的癥狀嗎？當(dāng)然，如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己為他人感到情緒低落，很容易認(rèn)為你是在自我放縱；畢竟，引發(fā)悲傷的事件并沒(méi)有直接發(fā)生在你身上，那么你到底為什么表現(xiàn)得像是這樣呢？然而，麥克馬洪說(shuō)，只有當(dāng)你向別人尋求自己的同情時(shí)，間接的悲傷才會(huì)被認(rèn)為是自私的行為。“你更有可能是一個(gè)有同情心的人，”她說(shuō)。“但有時(shí)，當(dāng)我們不小心混淆了同情和同理心時(shí)，我們最終可能會(huì)與某人真正感受到這種情緒，而不是理解他們的感受，并認(rèn)識(shí)到這給他們而不是我們帶來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn)。這確實(shí)會(huì)影響我們自己的心理健康?！蔽覀?cè)鯓硬拍鼙Ｗo(hù)自己免受間接的悲傷？當(dāng)然，重要的是，我們要確保我們?cè)谀抢铮瑸樯钪凶钚枰覀兊娜朔?wù)，但我們能在保護(hù)自己情緒健康的同時(shí)做到這一點(diǎn)嗎？絕對(duì)地事實(shí)上，麥克馬洪建議我們努力表現(xiàn)出同理心，而不是同情心，因?yàn)榕囵B(yǎng)同理心實(shí)際上有助于保護(hù)我們免受他人情緒的影響。她說(shuō)：“當(dāng)有人分享一些悲傷的消息，或者如果事情不容易，他們現(xiàn)在的表現(xiàn)如何時(shí)，我們可能會(huì)為他們感到難過(guò)，這反過(guò)來(lái)會(huì)打擊我們自己的精神——主要是因?yàn)槲覀冋娴暮軔?ài)這個(gè)人，希望他們得到最好的”?！霸囍褍A聽(tīng)作為優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)。所以，當(dāng)朋友告訴我們一個(gè)困難的情況時(shí)，要傾聽(tīng)——不要做出任何判斷，無(wú)論是好是壞——真正傾聽(tīng)和理解他們正在經(jīng)歷、感受和思考的事情?！丙溈笋R洪補(bǔ)充道：“盡量避免思考如果是你，你會(huì)有什么反應(yīng)。相反，只需傾聽(tīng)他們的反應(yīng)以及這對(duì)他們意味著什么。這將避免混淆你們之間的感情，幫助你理解他們的觀點(diǎn)，并讓你用諸如‘現(xiàn)在這對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)一定很難’或‘我希望你的情況很快好轉(zhuǎn)，我能做些什么嗎來(lái)幫忙？”“這也意味著我們可以繞過(guò)令人沮喪的有毒積極性（當(dāng)我們?cè)谌魏问虑樯隙紝で蠓e極性，盡管情況很糟糕）?！鄙~積累atthedropofahat立刻，毫不猶豫witheasr輕松地，容易地ontheflipside在另一方面empathyn.共鳴，同情；感同身受，產(chǎn)生共鳴（的能力）sympathyn.同情（心），理解blossomv.開(kāi)花；成長(zhǎng)，繁盛，興旺self-indulgentadj.任性的，放縱的onone’sbehalf代表某人dampenv.使潮濕，弄濕；減弱，抑制bypassv.繞過(guò)，避開(kāi)原創(chuàng)外刊改編語(yǔ)法填空題打卡Day76NutritionMythsYouShouldKnowMythNo.1:Freshfruitsandvegetablesarealwayshealthierthancanned,frozenordriedvarieties.

Despitetheenduringbeliefthat“freshisbest,”

research

hasfoundthatfrozen,cannedanddriedfruitsandvegetablescanbejustas_____1_____(nutrition)astheirfresh

counterparts.

Onecaveat:Somecanned,frozenanddried______2____(variety)contain

sneaky

ingredientslikeaddedsugars,

saturated

fatsand

sodium,Dr.Bleichsaid,sobesuretoreadnutritionlabelsand

optforproductsthatkeepthoseingredientstoaminimum.MythNo.2:Allfatisbad.Inreality,Dr.Surampudiadded,notallfatsarebad.Whilecertaintypesoffats,includingsaturatedand

trans

fats,canincreaseyourriskforconditionslikeheartdiseaseorstroke,healthyfats—likemonounsaturatedfats(foundinoliveandotherplantoils,

avocados

andcertainnutsandseeds)andpolyunsaturatedfats(foundinsunflowerandotherplantoils,

walnuts,fishand

flaxseeds)—actuallyhelpreduceyourrisk.Goodfatsarealsoimportantforsupplyingenergy,producingimportanthormones,supportingcellfunctionandaidinginthe_____3_____(absorb)ofsomenutrients.MythNo.3:‘Caloriesin,caloriesout’isthemostimportantfactorforlong-termweightgain.

It’struethatifyouconsumemorecaloriesthanyouburn,youwillprobablygainweight.Andifyouburnmorecaloriesthanyouconsume,youwillprobablyloseweight—atleastfortheshortterm.

Buttheresearchdoesnotsuggestthateatingmorewillcausesustainedweightgainthatresultsinbecomingoverweightor

obese.“Rather,it’sthetypesoffoodsweeat_____4_____maybethelong-termdrivers”ofthoseconditions,saidDr.DariushMozaffarian,aprofessorofnutritionandmedicineattheFriedmanSchoolofNutritionScienceandPolicyatTuftsUniversity.

Ultraprocessedfoods—suchasrefined

starchy

snacks,

cereals,crackers,energybars,bakedgoods,sodasandsweets—canbeparticularlyharmfulforweightgain,asthey_____5_____(digest)

rapidly

andfloodthebloodstreamwith

glucose,

fructose

and

aminoacids,_____6_____areconvertedtofatbytheliver.

Instead,what’sneededformaintainingahealthyweightis_____7_____shiftfromcountingcaloriesto_____8_____(prior)healthyeatingoverall—quality_____9_____quantity.MythNo.4:Plantmilkishealthierthan

dairy

milk.

There’saperceptionthat

plant-basedmilks,suchasthose_____10_____(make)fromoats,

almonds,riceand

hemp,arericherinnutritionthancow’smilk.“It’sjustnottrue,”saidKathleenMerrigan,aprofessorofsustainablefoodsystemsatArizonaStateUniversityandaformerU.S.

deputy

secretaryofagriculture.Considerprotein:Typically,cow’smilkhasabouteightgramsofproteinpercup,whereasalmondmilktypicallyhasaroundoneortwogramspercup,andoatmilkusuallyhasaroundtwoorthreegramspercup.Whilethenutritionofplant-basedbeveragescanvary,Dr.Merrigansaid,manyhavemoreaddedingredients—like

sodium

andaddedsugars,whichcancontributetopoorhealth—thancow’smilk.NutritionMythsYouShouldKnowMythNo.1:Freshfruitsandvegetablesarealwayshealthierthancanned,frozenordriedvarieties.

Despitetheenduringbeliefthat“freshisbest,”

research

hasfoundthatfrozen,cannedanddriedfruitsandvegetablescanbejustasnutritious(nutrition)astheirfresh

counterparts.

Onecaveat:Somecanned,frozenanddriedvarieties(variety)contain

sneaky

ingredientslikeaddedsugars,

saturated

fatsand

sodium,Dr.Bleichsaid,sobesuretoreadnutritionlabelsand

optforproductsthatkeepthoseingredientstoaminimum.MythNo.2:Allfatisbad.Inreality,Dr.Surampudiadded,notallfatsarebad.Whilecertaintypesoffats,includingsaturatedand

trans

fats,canincreaseyourriskforconditionslikeheartdiseaseorstroke,healthyfats—likemonounsaturatedfats(foundinoliveandotherplantoils,

avocados

andcertainnutsandseeds)andpolyunsaturatedfats(foundinsunflowerandotherplantoils,

walnuts,fishand

flaxseeds)—actuallyhelpreduceyourrisk.Goodfatsarealsoimportantforsupplyingenergy,producingimportanthormones,supportingcellfunctionandaidingintheabsorption(absorb)ofsomenutrients.MythNo.3:‘Caloriesin,caloriesout’isthemostimportantfactorforlong-termweightgain.

It’struethatifyouconsumemorecaloriesthanyouburn,youwillprobablygainweight.Andifyouburnmorecaloriesthanyouconsume,youwillprobablyloseweight—atleastfortheshortterm.

Buttheresearchdoesnotsuggestthateatingmorewillcausesustainedweightgainthatresultsinbecomingoverweightor

obese.“Rather,it’sthetypesoffoodsweeatthatmaybethelong-termdrivers”ofthoseconditions,saidDr.DariushMozaffarian,aprofessorofnutritionandmedicineattheFriedmanSchoolofNutritionScienceandPolicyatTuftsUniversity.

Ultraprocessedfoods—suchasrefined

starchy

snacks,

cereals,crackers,energybars,bakedgoods,sodasandsweets—canbeparticularlyharmfulforweightgain,astheyaredigested(digest)

rapidly

andfloodthebloodstreamwith

glucose,

fructose

and

aminoacids,whichareconvertedtofatbytheliver.

Instead,what’sneededformaintainingahealthyweightisashiftfromcountingcaloriestoprioritizing(prior)healthyeatingoverall—qualityoverquantity.MythNo.4:Plantmilkishealthierthan

dairy

milk.

There’saperceptionthat

plant-basedmilks,suchasthosemade(make)fromoats,

almonds,riceand

hemp,arericherinnutritionthancow’smilk.“It’sjustnottrue,”saidKathleenMerrigan,aprofessorofsustainablefoodsystemsa