高中英語(yǔ)外研版必修第一冊(cè)Unit 3　Period 4　Using language(1)：Grammar-Review：tenses

Period4Usinglanguage(1)：Grammar—Review：tenses閱讀以下短文，體會(huì)加黑部分，完成下面的表格①Atavillagefair，Idecidedtovisitafortune-tellercalledMadamBellinsky.②Iwentintohertentandshetoldmetositdown.AfterIhadgivenhersomemoney，shelookedintoacrystalballandsaid，“③Arelationofyoursiscomingtoseeyou.Shewillbearrivingthiseveningandintendtostayforafewdays.Themomentyouleavethistent，youwillgetabigsurprise.④Awomanyouknowwellwillrushtowardsyou.⑤Shewillspeaktoyouandthenshewillleadyouawayfromthisplace.Thatisall.”AssoonasIwentoutside，IforgotallaboutMadamBellinskybecausemywifehurriedtowardsme.“⑥Wherehaveyouhidden？”sheaskedimpatiently.“Yoursisterwillbehereinlessthananhourandwemustbeatthestationtomeether.⑦Wearelatealready.”Asshewalkedaway，Ifollowedheroutofthefair.自主發(fā)現(xiàn)時(shí)態(tài)上文中句子(只填序號(hào))時(shí)態(tài)構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)⑦動(dòng)詞原形或動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)③be＋doing現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)⑥have/has＋過(guò)去分詞一般將來(lái)時(shí)④⑤will＋動(dòng)詞原形一般過(guò)去時(shí)①②動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式英語(yǔ)中以不同時(shí)間和方式發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)要用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的不同形式來(lái)表示，這種表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)發(fā)生時(shí)間和形式的動(dòng)詞形式被稱作動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。本課時(shí)主要復(fù)習(xí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、一般將來(lái)時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)這五種時(shí)態(tài)。一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)1．構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞原形或動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。2．基本用法：(1)表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和often，always，usually，sometimes，everyday，onceawhile，fromtimetotime，nowadays等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。Iregularlyreadbooksinmysparetime.我經(jīng)常在業(yè)余時(shí)間看書。Wetypicallygotoschoolat6ameveryday.我們通常每天早上六點(diǎn)去上學(xué)。(2)表示主語(yǔ)的特征、性格、能力等。Maryhasatalentformusic.瑪麗對(duì)音樂(lè)有天賦。Obviously，heknowsalotofEnglishwords.顯然，他認(rèn)識(shí)很多英語(yǔ)單詞。(3)表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理。Pridegoesbeforeafall.驕者必?cái)　hesunrisesearlyandsetslateinsummer.太陽(yáng)在夏天升得早、落得晚。(4)在時(shí)間、讓步和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。Weshallnotbeginthediscussionuntilhearrives.等他來(lái)了，我們?cè)匍_(kāi)始討論。Inaddition，you’llmakegreatprogressifyouworkhard.另外，你如果努力學(xué)習(xí)，就會(huì)取得很大進(jìn)步。(5)表示按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃或時(shí)間表將要發(fā)生的事，通常限于表示“位置轉(zhuǎn)移”的非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(詞組)，如go，come，leave，start，begin，open，close，arrive，takeoff等，其后常跟有表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。Thetrainleavesat7：25thisevening.火車今晚7：25發(fā)車。OursummervacationbeginsinearlyJuly.我們的暑假在七月初開(kāi)始。(6)小說(shuō)、故事、文學(xué)作品等的情節(jié)介紹、評(píng)論等。HarryPotterissetinthemodernworld.《哈利·波特》以現(xiàn)代世界為背景。二、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1．構(gòu)成：be＋現(xiàn)在分詞。2．基本用法：(1)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)常表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。①表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常與now，atpresent，atthismoment等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)及l(fā)ook，listen等標(biāo)志詞連用。Alltheclassmatesarereviewingthelessonsintheclassroomnow.所有的同學(xué)現(xiàn)在正在教室里復(fù)習(xí)功課。②表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，常與thesedays，thisweek/month等連用。Millaisworkingonanewbookthesedaysaboutstoriesinschools.米拉最近在寫一本新書，是關(guān)于校園故事的。(2)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)常與always，continually，constantly，forever等表示頻度的副詞連用，表示經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常含有厭煩、憤怒、抱怨、贊揚(yáng)等情感。Sheisalwaysthinkingofothersinsteadofherself.她總是想著別人而不是她自己。(贊揚(yáng))Theboyisconstantlyaskingsuchsillyquestions.那個(gè)男孩老是問(wèn)這種愚蠢的問(wèn)題。(不耐煩)(3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)也可以表示將來(lái)。用短暫性動(dòng)詞如go，come，start，leave，arrive，return等的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)，表示計(jì)劃或安排將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。MrSmithisleavingforNanjingtonight.史密斯先生今晚要去南京。IforgotthatMrTangisarrivingtomorrowmorning.我忘了唐先生明天上午到。三、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1．構(gòu)成：have/has＋過(guò)去分詞。2．基本用法：(1)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了一定的影響或結(jié)果，常與already，yet，never，before，sofar，uptonow等連用。Ihavealreadymadeaplanformystudyaheadofschedule.我已經(jīng)提前制定了學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃。(2)表示從過(guò)去開(kāi)始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并有可能持續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，這時(shí)往往與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，如lately，recently，thesedays，inthepastfewdays，duringthelasttwoweeks，since，sincetwodaysago，foralongtime等。WehavelearnedEnglishforeightyears.我們已經(jīng)學(xué)英語(yǔ)八年了。He’slivedinLondonsincethreeyearsago.自從三年前他就住在倫敦。試比較：ShehaslivedinParisfortwentyyears.她在巴黎住了20年了。(還可能繼續(xù)住下去)ShelivedinParisfortwentyyears.她在巴黎住了20年。(現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那兒住了)(3)在“It/Thisisthefirst/second/.../lasttime＋that從句”與“It/Thisisthe＋序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)＋名詞＋that從句”這兩個(gè)句型中，從句中的謂語(yǔ)要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。ItisthefirsttimeIhavedrivenacar.這是我第一次開(kāi)車。Thisisthemostinterestingfilmhehasmade.這是他拍過(guò)的最有趣的電影。(4)在條件、時(shí)間或讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中代替將來(lái)完成時(shí)。I’llgotothepartyassoonasIhavefinishedmyhomework.我一完成作業(yè)就去參加聚會(huì)。四、一般將來(lái)時(shí)1．構(gòu)成：shall/will＋動(dòng)詞原形，begoingto＋動(dòng)詞原形，be(about)todosth。2．基本用法：(1)shall/will＋動(dòng)詞原形，表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，特別是在表示客觀性的事情或在某條件下臨時(shí)決定去做的事情時(shí)只能用此結(jié)構(gòu)。Ithinktheywillhelpyouifyoutellthem.我認(rèn)為如果你告訴他們，他們就會(huì)幫助你?！猅omwasbadlyinjuredintheaccidentyesterday.—Oh，Ididn’tknow.Iwillseehimafterwork.——湯姆在昨天的事故中受傷很嚴(yán)重?！?，我不知道。我下班后去看他。(臨時(shí)決定)(2)will＋動(dòng)詞原形，表示習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或未來(lái)的傾向。Whereverhegoes，hewilltakeanumbrellawithhim.無(wú)論到哪兒，他總是隨身帶著一把傘。Oilwillfloatonwater.油總是浮在水上。(3)除“shall/will＋動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成一般將來(lái)時(shí)外，以下形式也可構(gòu)成將來(lái)時(shí)：①begoingto＋動(dòng)詞原形，表示即將發(fā)生的事情或近期準(zhǔn)備、打算、有跡象表明要做某事。WhatareyougoingtodonextSunday?下星期日你打算干什么？Look，it’sgoingtorain.瞧，要下雨了。②beabouttodosth意為“正要做某事；馬上要做某事”，不與具體表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，但常與when連用。Hewasabouttogooutwhenthetelephonerang.他正要出去，電話鈴?fù)蝗豁懥?。③betodosth表示按計(jì)劃、職責(zé)、義務(wù)、約定要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。Whoistocleantheclassroomtoday?今天該誰(shuí)打掃教室了？五、一般過(guò)去時(shí)1．構(gòu)成：動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式。2．基本用法(1)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與明確表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如yesterday，lastweek，in1949，afewdaysago等連用。IgraduatedfromNo.2MiddleSchoolthreeyearsago.三年前我從二中畢業(yè)。Shegotup，washedherface，cleanedherteeth，hadherbreakfastandthenwenttowork.她起床后，洗完臉，刷完牙，吃過(guò)早飯，然后去上班。—Haven’tseenyouforages!Wherehaveyoubeen?—IwenttoNingxiaandstayedthereforoneyear，teachingasavolunteer.——很久沒(méi)有見(jiàn)到你了！你去哪里了？——我去了寧夏，在那里待了一年，做了一名志愿者老師。(2)表示過(guò)去時(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)常發(fā)生或存在的狀態(tài)，常與inthosedays，atthattime，often，usually，sometimes等連用。Ioftenwenttoschoolonfootlastterm.上學(xué)期我經(jīng)常步行去上學(xué)。Herfatherusuallydidsomehouseworkathomelastyear.去年她爸爸常常在家做些家務(wù)。(3)在條件、時(shí)間、讓步等狀語(yǔ)從句中通常可用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)。Theyplannedtogooutingifitwasfinethenextday.如果第二天天氣好，他們計(jì)劃外出。用所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空There1.are(be)amusementparks，themeparksandzoosinmycity.MyparentsandI2.willvisit(visit)themostfamouslocalzootomorrow.Actually，I3.went(go)therelastyearwithmyfriends，andthezooleftadeepimpressiononme.We4.spent(spend)threehoursthereandwehadgreatfun.Sofar，millionsofvisitors5.havevisited(visit)thezooandIbelievemorevisitorswillcomeinthefuture.Thisafternoon，Ispenttwohoursmakingpreparations.NowI6.amthinking(think)howIwillenjoymytrip.Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Asyougothroughthisbook，youwillfind(find)thateachofthemillionsofpeoplewholivedthroughWorldWarⅡhadadifferentexperience.2．I’mgladyouhavemade(make)greatprogresssofar.Keepitupandyoumustbesuccessful.3．—Ihearyouareworking(work)inapub.What’sitlike?—Well，it’sveryhardandI’malwaystired，butIdon’tmind.4．Thereare(be)sevendaysinaweek.5．Hesaidhewouldtellheraboutthenewsassoonashemet(meet)her.Ⅱ.完成句子1．過(guò)去幾年，中國(guó)已經(jīng)在環(huán)境保護(hù)方面取得了巨大的成就。Inthelastfewyears，Chinahasmadegreatachievementsinenvironmentalprotection.2．如果我哥哥明天從北京回來(lái)，我會(huì)讓他給你回電話。IfmybrothercomesbackfromBeijingtomorrow，Iwillaskhimtocallyouback.3．這是第一次我們?nèi)乙黄鹪陔娪霸嚎措娪?。Thisisthefirsttimethatwehaveseenafilminthecinematogetherasafamily.4．現(xiàn)在，我們離家很遠(yuǎn)了。我們的父母此刻在干什么呢？We’refarfromhomenow.Whatareourparentsdoingatthemoment?5．有時(shí)，我僅僅是在樹(shù)下休息或是在草地上坐一坐。SometimesIjustrelaxedunderatreeorsatonthegrass.Ⅲ.閱讀理解Thewayyouuseyourcellphonesaroundyourfamilycanhaveaneffectonyourrelationships.Cellphonescanmakeyoufeelmoreconnected，buttheycanalsodistract(使分心)youandyourfamilyfromconnectingwitheachotherinperson.Whilesomepeopleneedtochecktheirphonesforworkoremergency(緊急情況)purposes，it’simportanttomakemeaningfulconnectionsthroughface-to-facecommunication.Somepeoplehavetroubleputtingawaytheircellphones.Theymightfeeltheycan’tcontrolhowoftentheypickuptheirphonesorhowlongtheyusethem.Theymightfeeltheneedtooftencheckphoneswithoutarealreasonorfeelupsetiftheydon’thaveanopportunitytousetheirphones.Usingcellphonesforworkpurposesduringfamilytimecanincreaseworriesandunhappinessamongfamilymembers.Onceyou’vegivensomethoughttoyourowncellphoneuse，thinkabouttherulesyouwantyourfamilytofollowwhenyou’retogether.Togetyourfamilyonthesamepage，callafamilymeeting.Revieweachperson’scurrentcellphoneuseandareaswhereyouthinksomechangesmighthelp.It’snotjustaboutsimplycuttingcellphoneusedown.Instead，considerwhatyou’reusingyourphoneforandwhatactivitiesyouwanttocarryout.Forexample，areyouoryourchildrenusingphonestostayconnected，learnsomethingnew，doschoolwork，ordosomethingelse?Ifyouhavekids，asktheiropinionsonyourownphoneuse.Youmightbesurprisedbywhattheyhavetoshare.Usegoodcommunicationskillsbypracticingactivelisteningandshowingcuriosityaboutwhateachfamilymemberhastosay.Lessphoneusealsousuallymeanslessscreentime，whichenableskidstospendmoretimeoutdoorsandbemorephysicallyactive.Whenteensspendmoretimeactivelywiththeirparents，theytendtosethighereducationalgoals.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講的是過(guò)度使用手機(jī)對(duì)家庭關(guān)系的不良影響和如何解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。1．What’sthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．Familymembers’connections.B．Cellphones’newchallengesathome.C．Onedisadvantageofthecellphones.D．People’sstayingawayfromcellphones.答案C解析段落大意題。根據(jù)第一段的“Cellphonescanmakeyoufeelmoreconnected，buttheycanalsodistract(使分心)youandyourfamilyfromconnectingwitheachotherinperson.”可知，第一段主要講了關(guān)于手機(jī)的一個(gè)缺點(diǎn)。故選C。2．Howdosomepeoplefeelwhentheyhavenophoneathand?A．Uneasy. B．Uncertain.C．Curious. D．Homesick.答案A解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第三句可知，手邊沒(méi)有手機(jī)時(shí)有些人會(huì)感到不安，故選A。3．Whyshouldafamilymeetingbeheld?A．Tocarryoutactivities.B．Toreachanagreement.C．Tosharethelatestnews.D．Tosetanexampletoothers.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Togetyourfamilyonthesamepage，callafamilymeeting.”可知，召集家庭會(huì)議是為了要達(dá)成一致。故選B。4．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．AreCellphonesInfluencingFamilyTime?B．AreMobilePhonesChangingPeople’sLife?C．HowCanPeopleGetAlongwithTheirParents?D．HowDoChildrenSetRightEducationalGoals?答案A解析標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段內(nèi)容可知，本文主要講的是過(guò)度使用手機(jī)對(duì)家庭關(guān)系的不良影響和如何解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，因此A選項(xiàng)適合作本文標(biāo)題，故選A。Ⅳ.完形填空ThisweekwedroveovertospendsometimewithAuntCarmeleta.Wedon’tseeher1becauseshelivesinTennessee，whichisfarfromus.However，thispastweekherhusbandKendrovetheirmotorhometoMichiganto2aparty.Asalways，itwas3toseeCarmeleta.Shemetusatthemotorhomedoor4.Shegaveuseachabighug(擁抱)andscurried(碎步疾跑)aroundtomakeus5.Thefirsttimemyfriend，Bill，metCarmeleta，hesaid，“Shecan’tbe6！”Billhadnevermetanyonesokind，7，andfullofmercy(仁慈)asCarmeleta.Butafterknowingherforwellover50years，he8sheis.I’vebeen9toknowCarmeletamywholelife.Shehas10memorethanshecouldeverknow.WhenIcomplained(抱怨)toherhowpeople11me，shewould12me，“Justkeepbeingyourself.13yourselfforwhoyouare.”I’msureshesawareaswhereIneeded14，butsheonlyshowedlove，patience，andmercytome.NextmonthCarmeletawillbe89yearsyoung.Isayyoungbecausesheneverseemsto15forme.Andsheisstillfulloflove，kindnessandmercy.Sheacceptspeoplewheretheyare，andsheisforreal!語(yǔ)篇解讀本文為一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了卡梅麗塔阿姨總是鼓勵(lì)作者，關(guān)愛(ài)作者，這讓作者覺(jué)得認(rèn)識(shí)她是一輩子的幸運(yùn)。1．A.formally B．oftenC．a(chǎn)ctually D．completely答案B解析根據(jù)后文“becauseshelivesinTennessee，whichisfarfromus”可知，此處指我們住得很遠(yuǎn)，因此不經(jīng)常見(jiàn)面，故選B。2．A.attend B．celebrateC．honour D．repeat答案A解析根據(jù)空后的“aparty”可知，此處指開(kāi)車去參加聚會(huì)，故選A。3．A.awkward B．possibleC．wonderful D．obvious答案C解析根據(jù)后文“Billhadnevermetanyonesokind，，andfullofmercy(仁慈)asCarmeleta.”可知，卡梅麗塔很令人喜歡，因此見(jiàn)到她讓作者覺(jué)得很不錯(cuò)，故選C。4．A.teaching B．hikingC．a(chǎn)greeing D．smiling答案D解析根據(jù)空后“Shegaveuseachabighug(擁抱)”可推知，卡梅麗塔見(jiàn)到作者時(shí)面帶微笑，故選D。5．A.worried B．comfortableC．sad D．responsible答案B解析根據(jù)前文“Shegaveuseachabighug(擁抱)andscurried(碎步疾跑)around”可知，此處指她小跑著跟每個(gè)人都擁抱，讓我們都感到很舒服，故選B。6．A.real B．oldC．beautiful D．a(chǎn)ctive答案A解析根據(jù)后文“Billhadnevermetanyonesokind，，andfullofmercy(仁慈)asCarmeleta.”可知，比爾從來(lái)沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)像卡梅麗塔這么善良仁慈的人，因此他覺(jué)得她不是真的人，故選A。7．A.strong B．lovingC．powerful D．frightened答案B解析根據(jù)最后一段的“Andsheisstillfulloflove，kindnessandmercy.”可知，此處指她是一個(gè)充滿愛(ài)心的人，故選B。8．A.hopes B．a(chǎn)ttractsC．a(chǎn)dmires D．believes答案D解析根據(jù)前文“Thefirsttimemyfriend，Bill，metCarmeleta，hesaid，‘Shecan’tbe！’”可知，比爾第一次見(jiàn)到卡梅麗塔時(shí)，不相信有這么好的人存在，但在50多年后，他相信了，故選D。9．A.anxious B．confusingC．lucky D．a(chǎn)mazing答案C解析根據(jù)后文“WhenIcomplained(抱怨)toherhowpeople...showedlove，patience，andmercytome.”可知，此處指作者認(rèn)為認(rèn)識(shí)卡梅麗塔是一生的幸運(yùn)，故選C。10．A.helped B．controlledC．fed D．phoned答案A解析根據(jù)后文“WhenIcomplained(抱怨)toherhowpeople...showedlove，patience，andmercytome.”可知，此處指卡梅麗塔幫了作者很多，故選A。11．A.tookresponsibilityforB．lostcontactwithC．sangpraiseforD．spokeillof答案D解析takeresponsibilityfor對(duì)……負(fù)責(zé)；losecontactwith與……失去聯(lián)系；singpraisefor贊揚(yáng)；speakillof說(shuō)……的壞話。根據(jù)空前“WhenIcomplained(抱怨)toher”可知，此處指作者向卡梅麗塔抱怨別人說(shuō)自己的壞話，故選D。12．A.lecture B．reviseC．guide D．a(chǎn)nnoy答案C解析根據(jù)空后“Justkeepbeingyourself.”可知，此處指卡梅麗塔指導(dǎo)作者要做自己，故選C。13．A.Change B．DislikeC．Accept D．Leave答案C解析根據(jù)前文“Justkeepbeingyourself.”可知，此處指讓作者做自己，接受自己，故選C。14．A.truth B．improvementC．source D．survival答案B解析根據(jù)空后的轉(zhuǎn)折“butsheonlyshowedlove，patience，andmercytome”可知，盡管卡梅麗塔看到了作者需要提高的地方，但她卻只對(duì)作者展現(xiàn)出愛(ài)、耐心和仁慈，故選B。15．A.wait B．workC．view D．a(chǎn)ge答案D解析age衰老，上年紀(jì)。根據(jù)前文“NextmonthCarmeletawillbe89yearsyoung.Isayyoungbecausesheneverseemsto”可知，此處指盡管卡梅麗塔快要89歲了，但作者從不覺(jué)得她衰老，故選D。Ⅴ.語(yǔ)法填空(2023·山東青島高一上期中)Thankstoadvancesintechnology，howwemakefriendsandcommunicatewiththemhaschanged1.(significant)．Nowadays，wecanmovearoundtheworldandstillstayintouchwiththepeoplethatwewanttoremainfriends2..Socialmediatoolsletusseewhatourfriendsareuptoandmaintainfriendships.Thedigitalagealsoenablesus3.(find)peoplewhoshareourinterests，suchascollectingmodelcarsor4.(play)anunusualinstrument.Whateverour5.(hobby)are，theInternetcanconnectuswithotherswhoalsoenjoydoingthem，eveniftheyliveontheothersideoftheworld.However，the“friends”onlinedon’tnecessarilybecomeourrealfriends.Ifpeoplealwaysexchangetrue6.