第03講 現(xiàn)在完成時（三） 含有since和for的現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)-【暑假自學課】2023年新九年級英語暑假課（仁愛版）（解析版）

第頁現(xiàn)在完成時（三）含有since和for的現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài) since和for是現(xiàn)在完成時當中常見的標志詞。since“自從……”，for“持續(xù)了……”。since用來說明動作的開始時間，for用來說明動作延續(xù)的時間長度考點1since和for是現(xiàn)在完成時的重要標志例題：Something________inourhometownsince2019.Nowit________verymodern. A.ischanged;islooked B.haschanged;looks C.changed;looks【答案】B 【解析】本題用尋找題眼法。根據(jù)since可知第一句用現(xiàn)在完成時；由now可知第二句應用一般現(xiàn)在時。考點2since和for的用法（1）since的用法since+過去的時間點。如：年、月、日、幾點等 ?since1990自從1990年起 ?since5o’clock自從五點起 since+時間段+ago ?since3monthsago自從三個月以前 since+一般過去時的從句 ?sinceyoulefthome自從你離開家以后例題： ①Mygrandparents________inthatcitysince2008. A.willlive B.live C.havelived D.wereliving【答案】C【解析】句意：我的祖父母從2008年就生活在哪個城市里。since＋過去的時間點是現(xiàn)在完成時的標志。 ②I'mlookingafterTomtoday.He'sbeeninmyhouse________8：00thismorning. A.atB.since C.forD.till【答案】B【解析】句意：我今天一直在家照看湯姆。從今天早上8點鐘起他就一直在我家了。8:00thismorning是一個過去的時間點。since后接過去的時間點表示過去的動作延續(xù)至今，用于現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。（2）since的一個固定句式“Itis＋時間段＋since＋一般過去時的從句”。 ItisfiveyearssinceIcamehere.我來這兒5年了。（3）for的用法：for＋時間段例題：—DidyouseeTomyesterday?—No，I________himforalongtime. A.didn'tsee B.hasn'tseen C.saw D.haven'tseen【答案】D【解析】本題用尋找題眼法。根據(jù)foralongtime可知用現(xiàn)在完成時，且主語是第一人稱，故用助動詞have。（4）在現(xiàn)在完成時當中，若對since和for引導的時間狀語進行提問，都可以用howlong來提問。例題：—________haveyoulivedinLanzhou?—Sincemyparentsfoundjobshere. A.Howlong B.Howfar C.Howsoon D.Howold【答案】A【解析】考查how詞組辨析。howlong多久，提問時間段；howfar多遠，提問距離；howsoon多久以后，提問將來的時間，答語常用in＋一段時間；howold多大，提問年齡。根據(jù)答語可知，問句是對時間段提問。（5）since和for的句式轉(zhuǎn)換： since＋時間段＋ago＝for＋時間段 Theyhaven'tchangedsincetwentyyearsago. ＝Theyhaven'tchangedfortwentyyears. 他們已經(jīng)二十年沒有改變了?？键c3延續(xù)性動詞、短暫性動詞與since,for 延續(xù)性動詞表示能夠延續(xù)的動作。短暫性動詞表示不能延續(xù)的動作，這種動作發(fā)生后立即結束。(1)若現(xiàn)在完成時的句子中含表示時間段的時間狀語(如含since/for引導的時間狀語)，則謂語只能使用延續(xù)性動詞。例題：—Theboymisseshisparentsverymuch.—Sohedoes.They________thehometownfornearlytwoyears. A.haveleft B.willleave C.havebeenawayfrom【答案】C【解析】由fornearlytwoyears可知用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)；動詞leave是非延續(xù)性動詞，在完成時中要轉(zhuǎn)換為beawayfrom。(2)短暫性動詞可以轉(zhuǎn)化為延續(xù)性動詞①直接換成延續(xù)性動詞 buy買→have有 borrow借→keep保留 puton穿上→wear穿著 come/go/become來/去/變成→be在/是②轉(zhuǎn)換成be＋名詞 jointhearmy參軍→beasoldier當兵 jointheParty入黨→bea Partymember成為一名黨員 gotoschool去上學→beastudent成為一名學生③轉(zhuǎn)換成be＋形容詞/副詞 die死亡→bedead死了 finish結束→beover結束 begin開始→beon在上映/已開始 leave離開→beaway遠離的 fallasleep入睡→beasleep睡著的 close關閉→beclosed關著的④轉(zhuǎn)換成be＋介詞短語 gotoschool去上學→beinschool在上學 jointhearmy參軍→beinthearmy在軍隊中例題： Herson________thearmyfortwomonths.Shemisseshimverymuch. A.hasjoined B.hasbeenin C.joined D.wasin【答案】B【解析】本題用尋找題眼法。該句中“fortwomonths”為持續(xù)性時間狀語，故要把非延續(xù)性動詞轉(zhuǎn)換成延續(xù)性動詞。join應該轉(zhuǎn)換成bein/beamemberof，其現(xiàn)在完成時結構為has/havebeenin或has/havebeenamemberof。一、單項選擇1．—Howlong________inShanghai?—Sincetheendoflastyear.A．didshelive B．hasshelived C．willshelive2．—Boysandgirls,whatdoyouwanttoknowaboutH1N1(甲流)?—Iwonder________.A．whenthediseasehashappened B．whatwecandotofightagainstitC．howlongthevirusstarted D．whyhasthediseasespreadsofast3．—WhyisLucy’sChinesesogood?—Becauseshe________Beijingfortenyears.A．hasgoneto B．hasbeento C．hascometo D．hasbeenin4．—WhowilltalkaboutthedevelopmentofAmericancountrymusicnextweek?—IsuggestBrad.He________inNashville,thehomeofcountrymusic,sincehewasachild.A．lives B．lived C．haslived D．willlive5．I________myhomework.Let’sgooutforawalk.A．finish B．finished C．willfinish D．havefinished6．Ihave________thenewsmartphonefortwomonths.A．got B．bought C．had7．—Whereisyouraunt?Ihaven’tseenherforafewdays.—She________ZiBotoenjoythelocalbarbecue(燒烤).Shewenttherelastweek.A．hasbeento B．hasgoneto C．hasbeenin D．hasgotto8．Therearemorethan900nationalwetlandparksinChina,andnowninetypercent________tothepublicforfree.A．wasopen B．a(chǎn)reopened C．hasopened D．havebeenopen9．—Howlong_______you_______yourhometown?

—Forfiveyears.A．have;left B．has;leftC．have;beenawayfrom D．has;beenawayfrom10．—WhereisLucy?—She________Wuhan.She’llbebacknextweek.A．hasgoneto B．hasbeento C．wentto D．isgoingto11．—Ourcomputerisworkingagain?—Yes,Jeremy________it.Ittookhimaboutanhour.A．hasfixed B．willfix C．isfixing D．wasfixing12．Ourgovernment_______alotofworksomostofthedayswecanhaveaclearbluesky.A．does B．did C．hasdone D．isdone13．Timeflies.Mr.Smith________Englishinourschoolforthreeyears.Weallenjoyhisclasses.A．teaches B．willteach C．hastaught D．wasteaching14．You_______forthefootballmatchforalongtime.Ibelieveyouwillwinit.A．prepare B．ispreparing C．haveprepared D．willprepare15．—Congratulations!You________bigprogressinthepastthreeyears.—Thankyou,Mr.Li.I’llneverforgetthegoodtimesinjuniorhighschool.A．make B．made C．havemade16．Manypeople____________ustheiroldbookssincewestartedourmini-library.A．give B．gave C．willgive D．havegiven17．Howtimeflies!Nearlythreeyearshaspassedsincewe________eachotherforthefirsttime.A．meet B．met C．havemet D．willmeet18．—GiantpandaYaYa________toChinasinceApril27th,2023.—That’sright.Manypeoplehopetoseeher.A．willreturn B．returns C．returned D．hasreturned19．Twoyearshaspassed________Ifinishedschoolandstartedworking.A．a(chǎn)fter B．before C．when D．since20．Mymother________inthenursinghomefortenyears.A．works B．worked C．willwork D．hasworked21．Thesummer______toourcity.Wedon’tneedoursweatersnow.A．came B．comes C．hascome D．willcome22．—Mum,I________.Icantakecareofmyself.—Ofcourse,youcan.Iwillalwaysloveandhelpyou.A．growup B．grewup C．a(chǎn)mgrowingup D．havegrownup23．Tom________inShanghaisincehecametoChinafiveyearsago.A．lives B．lived C．haslived D．willlive24．Johnnyisnotgoingtobuythisbookbecausehe________itbefore.A．hadread B．hasread C．read D．wasreading25．—Ihaven’tseenJackieforacoupleofdays.Why?—He________NewYorkforbusiness.Hewillcomebacknextweek.A．hasgoneto B．willgoto C．wasgoingto二、完形填空閱讀下面短文，按照句子結構的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，從各題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項。Jim,asuccessfulbusinessman,toldanexperienceofhischildhood.Whenhewas12,hisparentsdied.Hewasaloneanddidn’tgetonwellwith___26___.Nooneshowedkindnesstohim.Peoplealwayslaughed___27___him.HisonlyfriendwasadognamedBobby.Hegavehisdogenoughtoeatanddrink,___28___hewasalittlerudetoitsometimes.Onedaywhenhe___29___downthestreet,hesawayoungladywalkinginfrontofhim.Suddenlyoneofherbagsdroppedfromherarms.Asshestopped___30___itup,shedroppedotherbags.Jimcametohelpher.“Thankyou,dear!Youareanicelittleboy!”Theladysaidkindlyandpolitely,smiling.Aspecialfeelingcametohim.Hehad___31___heardsuchkindwordsbefore.Hewatchedheruntilshewentfaraway.Hewasso___32___thathewhistled(吹口哨)tohisdog.“Thankyou?dear!Youareanicelittleboy!”Herepeatedthewoman’swords.Thenin___33___lowvoicehesaidtohisdog,“Youareanicelittledog!”Bobbyraiseditsears.Itseemedthatthedoghadunderstood___34___hesaid,“Evenadoglikesit!”hethought.“Well,Bobby,I____35____unkindwordstoyouanymore.”hesaid.Bobbywaveditstails___36___.Later,theywentdirectlytotherivernearby.Whenhearrivedattheriverside,helookedat____37____intheriver.Hesaw____38____butadirtyboy.Hewashedhisfacecarefully.Afterthat,hesawanicecleanboy.Fromthenon,hestartedanewlife.After____39____thisstory,thebusinessmanstoppedforawhile.Thenhesaid,“Ladiesandgentlemen,itwasthatkindwoman____40____plantedthefirstseedofkindnessinme.Allofusshouldlearnaboutkindness.Whatgreatpowerithas!”26．A．other B．others C．a(chǎn)nother D．theother27．A．a(chǎn)t B．on C．in D．to28．A．so B．because C．though D．but29．A．isgoing B．goes C．wasgoing D．hasgone30．A．pick B．topick C．picking D．picked31．A．even B．never C．ever D．often32．A．excite B．exciting C．excited D．excitedly33．A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/34．A．when B．how C．where D．what35．A．haven’tsaid B．didn’tsay C．won’tsay D．don’tsay36．A．happy B．happily C．happier D．happiest37．A．he B．him C．his D．himself38．A．something B．a(chǎn)nything C．everything D．nothing39．A．telling B．totell C．told D．tell40．A．which B．whose C．who D．Whom三、閱讀理解ASchoollifeisn’talwayshappyandcolorful.Therearealso“dark”cornersthere.Bullying（霸凌）isoneofthem.Sophie,15,fromGuangxi,hadbeenbulliedinschoolforaround9years.Somemadefunofherclothesandherweight.Herroommatescalledherathief.Herclassmatesspreadrumors（謠言）aboutherandthennoonewantedtoplaywithher.Theseexperiencesmadeherquietandself-doubting.Butactuallyitwasnotherfault.In2018,Sophiewasdiagnosed（診斷）withAsperger’ssyndrome（阿斯伯格綜合征）.Thisconditiongivespeopledifficultiesinsocialcommunication.Childrenwiththisconditionaremorelikelytobeleftout.Luckily,Sophiefinallyfoundawaytohelpherselfandothersinhersituation.Shemadeherexperiencesintoarole-playingboardgame,TheChoiceofTransferStudents.Playerscanchoosetobeoneofthreecharacters—thebully,thebulliedoneortheonlooker（旁觀者）.Theywillexperiencemanybullyingsituationsandtheirdifferentactionsorwordswillleadtodifferentresults.Inthisway,playersseewhatbullyingcandotopeople.Hopefullytheycanchoosetodotherightthingwhenfacingsimilarsituations.Sophiehopedthatspeakingoutaboutherexperienceswouldhelpbulliedchildrentobeseenandheard.“Ihopetheyknowthatinthefaceofbullying,wehavetheabilitytofightback,”saidSophie.AccordingtoUNICEF（聯(lián)合國兒童基金會）,overathirdofstudentsaged13to15worldwidehaveexperiencedbullying.Amongthem,thosewhoareleftoutaremerelikelytobebullied.Thisincludesstudentswithdisabilities.Tosolvethisproblem,weneedall-roundeducation.Ontheonehand,specialchildrenneedmoreattention.Ontheotherhand,parents,teachersandschoolsshouldallshouldertheresponsibilityofpreventingbullyinginschools.41．WecanknowfromParagraph2thatSophie’sschoollifewas________.A．colorful B．strange C．terrible42．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“beleftout”inParagraph3probablymeaninChinese?A．被拋棄 B．受歡迎 C．被冷落43．WhydidSophiecreatetheboardgame?A．Toshareherstorywithothers.B．Tohelpthosewhoarebullied.C．Topunishthosebulliesintheschool.44．ThewritermentionsthereportfromUNICEFtoshow________.A．whyshouldwepreventbullyinginschoolsB．bullyingisaseriousproblemallovertheworldC．bullyinghasabadinfluenceonchildren’slives45．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Teachersshouldberesponsibleforpreventingbullyingalone.B．Weshouldpaylessattentiontospecialchildren.C．Childrenwhoareleftoutmightbebullied.BBuck’sfirstdayinthefrozenNorthlandwasterrible.Everyhourtherewasfilledwithshockandfrighteningsurprise.Herewasneitherpeace,norrest,noramoment’ssafety—onlyendlessnoiseandmovement.Ateverymomentlifeitselfwasindanger,becausethesedogsandmenwerenottowndogsandmen.Theyknewonlythelawofclubandtooth.Buckhadneverseendogsfightlikethesedogs:theywerelikewolves.HelearntthisfromhisfriendCurly.Shetriedtomakefriendswithabigdog.Butwithoutwarning,thedogjumpedonCurly.Curly’sfacewastornopenfromeyetomouth.Andthefightdidnotfinishthen.Moredogsranupandmadeacirclearoundthefight,watchingsilently.Curlytriedtoattackthedogwhohadbittenher.Hebitherasecondtime,andjumpedaway.WhenCurlytriedtoattackagain,heknockedherbackwards.Andshefellontheground.Curlyneverstoodup,andthiswaswhattheotherdogswerewaitingfor.Inamoment,shewasunderacrowdofdogs.ThenFrancoisandothermenwithclubsjumpedinamongthedogs.Soonthedogswerechasedaway.ButCurlylaydeadinthesnow,herbodytornalmosttopieces.Curly’sdeathoftencamebacktoBuckinhisdreams.Heunderstoodthatonceadogwasdownontheground,hewasdead.ThatnightBuckdiscoveredaproblem.Wherewashegoingtosleep?HefoundFrancoiswasinthetent.Buckfollowedhimquietly.Butwhenhewentinandwantedtosleepinthecorner,Francoisshoutedangrilyandbeathimwithaclub.Buckranoutandwalkedaroundthetent,very,verycold,wonderingwhattodo.Suddenly,thesnowunderhisfeetfellin,andhefeltsomethingmove.Hejumpedback,waitingfortheattack,butheardonlyafriendlybark.There,inawarmholeunderthesnow,wasBillee.Soheknewwhathecoulddo._______.Hesleptwell,althoughhisdreamswerebad.Inthenorth,Buckwaslearningthelawofclubandtooth.Helearnttoeatanyfood—anythingthathecouldgethisteethinto.Helearnttobreaktheiceonwaterholeswithhisfeetwhenhewantedtodrink.Helearnttotravelthroughtheforestandkillformeatwithwilddogs.Hewasstronger,andcouldseeandsmellbetterthaneverbefore.Itwaseasyforhimtolearntofightlikeawolf,becauseitwasinhisblood.46．Buck’sfirstdayinthefrozenNorthland,whatwastherefilledwith?A．Peace. B．Rest.C．Safety. D．Shockandfrighteningsurprise.47．Curlylostherlifebecause_________A．shedidn’twanttofightwithahuskyB．shewasnotsolargeasahuskyC．shewaswarnednottoattackahuskyD．shedidn’tknowthatlifeitselfwasindangeratanytime48．Curly’sdeathmadeBuckrealize_________inthenorth.①howterriblethenewlifewas

②thesecretofwinningafriend③howdangerousthemenwere

④theimportanceoffightinglikewolvesA．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．③④49．Whichofthefollowingcanbeputin_________.A．BucksleptoutsidethetentsilentlyB．BucklayonthesnowandfinallyfellasleepC．BuckranintothetentsecretlyandrestedinthecornerD．Buckdughimselfaholeandsoonwaswarmandasleep50．What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Thewaytobewild. B．Acoldworldfordogs.C．Theterribledays. D．Acleverdog.四、短文填空閱讀下面的短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下面方框內(nèi)所給11個動詞中選擇10個意義相符的詞，必要時進行詞形變化(可添加助動詞或情態(tài)動詞)，填入空白處。help,hold,be,leave,solve,go,laugh,bring,happen,feel,playItwasaround3P.M.onSunday.Gina___51___basketballwithherbrotherBilloutsidewhenshesawacarstopinfrontofJenny’shouse.Jennyjumpedoutofthecar,andGinacouldhearalotofvoices___52___andsayinggoodbyetoJenny.Gina___53___terriblyuncomfortable,andhereyesstartedtowater.“Hey,what’swrong?”Billasked.“Nothing.Idon’twanttoplayanymore.”Ginastormedinsideandslammed(砰地關上)thedoor.She___54___straighttoherroom.GinaheardBilltalkingtohermominthelivingroom,butshedidn’twanttotalktoanyone.“Gina,areyouOK?”hermomasked“Whatareyoudoinginside,mydear?MayIcomein?”Ginaopenedthedoor.Hermomalwayshadsomegoodideas___55___her.“What’sgoingon,Gina?”Momasked.“Jennywentsomewherewithourfriends,butshedidn’tinviteme,”Ginasaid.“That’snotverynice.Afterall,we___56___friendsfornearly5years.”“Oh,honey,I’msorry.IwillbeprettyupsettooifIfeelleftout.MaybeJennyknewthatyouwouldn’tlikewhattheyweregoingtodo,”Momsuggested.“Whydon’tyoutalkwithJennyonMonday?”“Idon’twanttotalktoher.I___57___herout.”“Well...sometimesignoring(忽視)anotherpersonisagoodchoice,butIdon’tthinkthisistherighttimetodothat.YoumightloseJennyasafriendifyoumakesuchachoicewithouttalkingaboutitwithher,”repliedMom.“IstillwantJennytobemyfriend,buttalkingaboutitisuncomfortable.Ijustexpecthertoknowwhat’swrongandsayshe’ssorry.”“That___58___,butitmightnot.Ireallythinktalkingtoherabouthowyoufeelisthebestway.”“OK,Mom,Iwill.Thanks,”Ginasaid.Andguesswhat?Gina’smomwasright!Anewsnakeshow___59___thatday.JennyknewGinadidn’tlikesnakes,soshedidn’tinviteher.GinawasgladshehadtalkedtoJenny____60____theproblem.參考答案：1．B【詳解】句意：——她在上海住了多久了？——從去年年底開始。考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)“Sincetheendoflastyear.”可知，時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時，結構為have/hasdone；該句是特殊疑問句，助動詞要放在主語前。故選B。2．B【詳解】句意：——孩子們，關于H1N1，你們想知道些什么？——我想知道我們能做些什么來對抗它。考查賓語從句。動詞wonder后接賓語從句，應用陳述句語序，排除D；when一般不與現(xiàn)在完成時連用，排除A；start是非延續(xù)性動詞，不能與“一段時間”連用，排除C。故選B。3．D【詳解】句意：——為什么Lucy的中文這么好？——因為她在北京已經(jīng)十年了?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時。hasgoneto去了，還未回；hasbeento去過，已回；hascometo已經(jīng)到了；hasbeenin曾在，住在某地/待在某地一段時間。根據(jù)“Becauseshe...Beijingfortenyears.”可知，此處表示在北京待了十年。故選D。4．C【詳解】句意：——下周是誰將會談論關于美國鄉(xiāng)村音樂的發(fā)展？——我建議布拉德。他從小住在鄉(xiāng)村音樂之都——納什維爾。考查現(xiàn)在完成時。根據(jù)“sincehewasachild.”可知，這里應用現(xiàn)在完成時。故選C。5．D【詳解】句意：我已經(jīng)完成了作業(yè)。我們出去散步吧。考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)“myhomework.Let’sgooutforawalk.”可知，“完成作業(yè)”的影響就是“可以出去散步”，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時的結構，故選D。6．C【詳解】句意：我買新智能手機已經(jīng)倆個月了?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時。根據(jù)“fortwomonths.”可知是現(xiàn)在完成時?！癴ortwomonths.”是一段時間，需要用延續(xù)性動詞。buy對應的延續(xù)性動詞是have?，F(xiàn)完動詞要用過去分詞，所以是had。故選C。7．B【詳解】句意：——你的姑姑在哪里？我已經(jīng)好幾天沒見到她了?！チ俗筒┫硎墚?shù)氐臒玖?。她上周去那里的。考查現(xiàn)在完成時。hasbeento去過；hasgoneto去了（人未回）；hasbeenin在……待一段時間；hasgotto必須。根據(jù)“Whereisyouraunt?Ihaven’tseenherforafewdays.”可知，她去淄博還沒有回來，用hasgoneto。故選B。8．D【詳解】句意：中國有900多個國家濕地公園，目前90%已免費向公眾開放。考查現(xiàn)在完成時。beopen“開放的”，beopened“被打開”，根據(jù)“...tothepublicforfree.”可知，“開放的”符合題意，所以B選項錯誤；根據(jù)“now”可知，時態(tài)是與現(xiàn)在有關的時態(tài)，所以A選項錯誤；主語“ninetypercent”指的是“90%的公園”，是復數(shù)，所以C選項錯誤。該句中“now”指目前，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時，即have/has+過去分詞，主語是復數(shù)，“開放”beopen，填havebeenopen。故選D。9．C【詳解】句意：——你離開家鄉(xiāng)多久了？——五年?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時。left離開，leave的過去式；beenawayfrom離開。根據(jù)“Howlong...you...yourhometown?”及選項可知，此處考查現(xiàn)在完成時，結構為have/hasdone；主語為“you”，助動詞用have，排除BD選項；再由“Forfiveyears.”可知，此處要用延續(xù)性動詞；leave是一個非延續(xù)動詞，其延續(xù)性結構為beawayfrom，排除A選項。故選C。10．A【詳解】句意：——露西在哪里？——她去武漢了。她下周會回來?？疾榫渥訒r態(tài)。hasgoneto去了某地還未回來；hasbeento去過某地已經(jīng)回來；wentto去，過去式；isgoingto將要去某地。根據(jù)“She’llbebacknextweek.”可知，露西還沒有回來，用現(xiàn)在完成時，she為第三人稱單數(shù)，助動詞用has。故選A。11．A【詳解】句意：——我們的電腦又能工作了嗎？——是的，杰里米修好了。他花了大約一個小時?？疾闀r態(tài)。根據(jù)“Ourcomputerisworkingagain?”和“Ittookhimaboutanhour.”可知到說話時電腦問題已經(jīng)解決了，句子時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時，其構成是have/has+過去分詞。故選A。12．C【詳解】句意：我們的政府做了很多工作，所以大多數(shù)時候我們都能有一個純凈的藍天?？疾闀r態(tài)辨析。根據(jù)句意，可知“大多數(shù)時候我們都能有一個純凈的藍天”，是因為“我們的政府做了很多工作”，符合“現(xiàn)在完成時”的使用情境，即“過去發(fā)生的事對現(xiàn)在有影響”，故選C。13．C【詳解】句意：時光飛逝。史密斯先生在我們學校教英語已經(jīng)三年了。我們都喜歡他的課?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時。由“forthreeyears”可知，這里用現(xiàn)在完成時，其結構是：助動詞have/has+動詞的過去分詞。故選C。14．C【詳解】句意：你為這場足球比賽準備了很長時間。我相信你會贏的?？疾闀r態(tài)。根據(jù)“foralongtime”可知，該句用現(xiàn)在完成時（havedone），強調(diào)從過去準備到現(xiàn)在，故選C。15．C【詳解】句意：——恭喜你！在過去的三年里，你取得了很大的進步?！x謝您，李老師。我永遠不會忘記初中的美好時光?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語“inthepastthreeyears”可知，本句時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時(have/hasdone)。故選C。16．D【詳解】句意：自從我們開辦了迷你圖書館以來，許多人都把他們的舊書送給了我們。考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)“sincewestartedourmini-library”可知，句子要用現(xiàn)在完成時，即havegiven，故選D。17．B【詳解】句意：時間過得真快！從我們第一次見面到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)快三年了?？疾闀r態(tài)。根據(jù)“Nearlythreeyearshaspassedsincewe...eachotherforthefirsttime.”可知，該句是since引導時間狀語從句，主句時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時，從句應用一般過去時。故選B。18．D【詳解】句意：——自2023年4月27日以后，大熊貓丫丫已經(jīng)返回中國?！獩]錯。許多人希望見到她。考查現(xiàn)在完成時。willreturn一般將來時；returns動詞的“三單”形式；returned動詞過去式/過去分詞；hasreturned現(xiàn)在完成時。根據(jù)“sinceApril27th,2023”可知，“since+時間點”表示“自……以后”，通常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用，謂語用“has+過去分詞”，returned為動詞過去分詞。故選D。19．D【詳解】句意：從我畢業(yè)開始工作到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)兩年了?？疾檫B詞辨析。after在……之后；before在……之前；when當……時；since自從。根據(jù)“Twoyearshavepassed...Ifinishedschoolandstartedworking.”可知，此處是“現(xiàn)在完成時+since+一般過去時”結構，故選D。20．D【詳解】句意：我媽媽已經(jīng)在護士之家工作了十年了?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時。根據(jù)“fortenyears”可知，此題考查的是現(xiàn)在完成時，指的是，我媽媽從過去到現(xiàn)在在護士之家持續(xù)工作了十年。故選D。21．C【詳解】句意：夏天來到了我們的城市。我們現(xiàn)在不需要毛衣了?？疾闀r態(tài)。根據(jù)“Wedon’tneedoursweatersnow.”可知，我們現(xiàn)在不需要毛衣了，所以夏天已經(jīng)到了，用現(xiàn)在完成時表示對現(xiàn)在的影響。故選C。22．D【詳解】句意：——媽媽，我已經(jīng)長大了。我可以照顧我自己?！斎?，你可以。我將總是愛你和幫助你?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。根據(jù)“Mum,I...Icantakecareofmyself.”可知，空格處要用現(xiàn)在完成時，表示影響（動作已完成）?，F(xiàn)在完成時的句子結構是“have+done”，故選D。23．C【詳解】句意：湯姆自從五年前來到中國就一直住在上海?？疾闀r態(tài)。since引導時間狀語從句時，表示“自從……以來”，從句常用一般過去時，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時，空格所在句是主句，謂語結構為have/hasdone。故選C。24．B【詳解】句意：約翰尼不打算買這本書，因為他以前讀過?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。根據(jù)“Johnnyisnotgoingtobuythisbookbecausehe...itbefore.”可知，不買這本書的原因是之前讀過，表示過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響，應用現(xiàn)在完成時，故選B。25．A【詳解】句意：——我好幾天沒見到Jackie了。為什么呢？——他到紐約出差去了。他下周會回來?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時。根據(jù)“Hewillcomebacknextweek.”可知，他到紐約出差去了，還沒回來，句子應用現(xiàn)在完成時，其謂語應用have/hasgoneto來表示。故選A。26．B27．A28．D29．C30．B31．B32．C33．A34．D35．C36．B37．D38．D39．A40．C【導語】本文主要講述了吉姆小時候因為幫助一位女士拾起包，得到表揚很開心，從此改變了他的生活。說明了善良的重要性。26．句意：他孤身一人，與別人相處不好other其他的；others其他的人或事物；another另一個；theother兩者中的另一個。根據(jù)“Nooneshowedkindnesstohim.”可知沒有人對他表現(xiàn)出善意。此處指和其他人相處不好。故選B。27．句意：人們總是嘲笑他。at在；on在上面；in在里面；to朝。短語laughat表示“嘲笑”。故選A。28．句意：他給他的狗足夠的食物和飲料，但是他有時對它有點粗魯。so所以；because因為；though雖然；but但是。根據(jù)“Hegavehisdogenoughtoeatanddrink,...hewasalittlerudetoitsometimes.”可知句子前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關系，應用but表示。故選D。29．句意：有一天，當他走在街上時，他看到一位年輕女士走在他前面。isgoing去；goes去，三單式；wasgoing去；hasgone已經(jīng)去了。句子是when引導的時間狀語從句，語境時態(tài)是過去時，go是延續(xù)性動作，應用過去進行時。故選C。30．句意：當她停下來撿起它時，她掉落了其他袋子。pick撿起；topick撿起，不定式；picking撿起，動名詞；picked撿起，過去式。短語stoptodosth表示“停下來去做某事”，女士的袋子掉了，要停下來去揀起，應用不定式形式。故選B。31．句意：他以前從未聽過這樣的好話。even甚至；never從不；ever曾經(jīng)；often經(jīng)常。根據(jù)“Nooneshowedkindnesstohim.”可知沒有人對他表現(xiàn)出善意。因此是從沒聽過。故選B。32．句意：他非常興奮，以至于他向他的狗吹口哨。excite使興奮；exciting興奮的；excited興奮的；excitedly興奮地。短語so+adj+that+句子表示“如此……，以至于……”，主語是he，應用-ed結尾的形容詞。故選C。33．句意：然后他低聲對他的狗說.a用于輔音音素前；an用于元音音素前；the表示特指；/不填。voice是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，應用不定冠詞表示泛指，low是輔音音素開頭，應用a。故選A。34．句意：狗似乎聽懂了他說的話。when當；how怎樣；where在哪里；what什么。understood后接賓語從句，從句中said缺乏賓語，應用what引導。故選D。35．句意：我不會再對你說不客氣的話了。haven’tsaid還沒說；didn’tsay沒有說；won’tsay不會說；don’tsay沒有說。短語notanymore表示“不再”，句子是直接引語，應用一般將來時表示。故選C。36．句意：鮑比開心地揮舞著尾巴。happy高興的；happily高興地；happier更開心的；happiest最開心的。此處應用副詞修飾動詞waved。故選B。37．句意：當他到達河邊時，他看著河里的自己。he他；him他，賓格；his他的；himself他自己。句子主語是he，at后的賓格與主語指代同一個對象，應用反身代詞。故選D。38．句意：他只看到一個骯臟的男孩。something某事；anything任何事情；everything一切事情；nothing沒什么。根據(jù)“butadirtyboy”可知除了一個臟臟的男孩，因此其他的都沒有看到。故選D。39．句意：講完這個故事，商人停了一會兒。telling告訴，動名詞；totell告訴，不定式；told告訴，過去式；tell告訴，原形。after后接動詞的動名詞形式。故選A。40．句意：女士們，先生們，正是那個善良的女人在我心中播下了第一粒善良的種子。which哪一個；whose誰的；who誰；whom誰。句子是強調(diào)句型itwas...that/who...，被強調(diào)部分kindwoman是人物，應用who。故選C。41．C42．C43．B44．B45．C【導語】本文是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述了索菲在上學期間曾長期遭受校園霸凌。幸運的是，她最后走出陰影，并把自身的經(jīng)歷做成了一個游戲，希望以此來引起人們對校園霸凌問題的關注。41．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Sophie,15,fromGuangxi,hadbeenbulliedinschoolforaround9years.Somemadefunofherclothesandherweight.Herroommatescalledherathief.Herclassmatesspreadrumors（謠言）aboutherandthennoonewantedtoplaywithher.”可推斷索菲的校園生活是很糟糕的。故選C。42．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“Thisconditiongivespeopledifficultiesinsocia