資料-中華人民共和國(guó)刑法中英文對(duì)照版

翻譯家園中華人民共和國(guó)刑法中英對(duì)照版－－回首頁(yè)中華人民共和國(guó)刑法

CRIMINAL

LAW

OF

THE

PEOPLE'S

REPUBLIC

OF

CHINA

第一編

總則

PART

ONE

GENERAL

PROVISIONS

第一章

刑法的任務(wù)、基本原則和適用范圍

CHAPTER

I

THE

AIM,

BASIC

PRINCIPLES

AND

SCOPE

OF

APPLICATION

OF

THE

第一條

為了懲罰犯罪，保護(hù)人民，根據(jù)憲法，結(jié)合我國(guó)同犯罪作斗爭(zhēng)的具體經(jīng)驗(yàn)及實(shí)際情況，制定本法。

Article

1

In

order

to

punish

crimes

and

protect

the

people,

this

Law

is

enacted

on

the

basis

of

the

Constitution

and

in

the

light

of

the

concrete

experiences

and

actual

circumstances

in

China's

fight

against

crimes.

第二條

中華人民共和國(guó)刑法的任務(wù)，是用刑罰同一切犯罪行為作斗爭(zhēng)，以保衛(wèi)國(guó)家安全，保衛(wèi)人民民主專(zhuān)政的政權(quán)和社會(huì)主義制度，保護(hù)國(guó)有財(cái)產(chǎn)和勞動(dòng)群眾集體所有的財(cái)產(chǎn)，保護(hù)公民私人所有的財(cái)產(chǎn)，保護(hù)公民的人身權(quán)利、民主權(quán)利和其他權(quán)利，維護(hù)社會(huì)秩序、經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序，保障社會(huì)主義建設(shè)事業(yè)的順利進(jìn)行。

Article

2

The

aim

of

the

Criminal

Law

of

the

People's

Republic

of

China

is

to

use

criminal

punishments

to

fight

against

all

criminal

acts

in

order

to

safeguard

security

of

the

State,

to

defend

the

State

power

of

the

people's

democratic

dictatorship

and

the

socialist

system,

to

protect

property

owned

by

the

State,

and

property

collectively

owned

by

the

working

people

and

property

privately

owned

by

citizens,

to

protect

citizens'

rights

of

the

person

and

their

democratic

and

other

rights,

to

maintain

public

and

economic

order,

and

to

ensure

the

smooth

progress

of

socialist

construction.

第三條

法律明文規(guī)定為犯罪行為的，依照法律定罪處刑；法律沒(méi)有明文規(guī)定為犯罪行為的，不得定罪處刑。

Article

3

For

acts

that

are

explicitly

defined

as

criminal

acts

in

law,

the

offenders

shall

be

convicted

and

punished

in

accordance

with

law;

otherwise,

they

shall

not

be

convicted

or

punished.

第四條

對(duì)任何人犯罪，在適用法律上一律平等。不允許任何人有超越法律的特權(quán)。

Article

4

The

law

shall

be

equally

applied

to

anyone

who

commits

a

crime.

No

one

shall

have

the

privilege

of

transcending

the

law.

第五條

刑罰的輕重，應(yīng)當(dāng)與犯罪分子所犯罪行和承擔(dān)的刑事責(zé)任相適應(yīng)。

Article

5

The

degree

of

punishment

shall

be

commensurate

with

the

crime

committed

and

the

criminal

responsibility

to

be

borne

by

the

offender.

第六條

凡在中華人民共和國(guó)領(lǐng)域內(nèi)犯罪的，除法律有特別規(guī)定的以外，都適用本法。

Article

6

This

Law

shall

be

applicable

to

anyone

who

commits

a

crime

within

the

territory

and

territorial

waters

and

space

of

the

People's

republic

of

China,

except

as

otherwise

specifically

provided

by

law.

凡在中華人民共和國(guó)船舶或者航空器內(nèi)犯罪的，也適用本法。

This

Law

shall

also

be

applicable

to

anyone

who

commits

a

crime

on

board

a

ship

or

aircraft

of

the

People's

Republic

of

China.

犯罪的行為或者結(jié)果有一項(xiàng)發(fā)生在中華人民共和國(guó)領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的，就認(rèn)為是在中華人民共和國(guó)領(lǐng)域內(nèi)犯罪。

If

a

criminal

act

or

its

consequence

takes

place

within

the

territory

or

territorial

waters

or

space

of

the

People's

Republic

of

China,

the

crime

shall

be

deemed

to

have

been

committed

within

the

territory

and

territorial

waters

and

space

of

the

People's

Republic

of

China.

第七條

中華人民共和國(guó)公民在中華人民共和國(guó)領(lǐng)域外犯本法規(guī)定之罪的，適用本法，但是按本法規(guī)定的最高刑為三年以下有期徒刑的，可以不予追究。

Article

7

This

Law

shall

be

applicable

to

any

citizen

of

the

People's

Republic

of

China

who

commits

a

crime

prescribed

in

this

Law

outside

the

territory

and

territorial

waters

and

space

of

the

People's

Republic

of

China;

however,

if

the

maximum

punishment

to

be

imposed

is

fixed-term

imprisonment

of

not

more

than

three

years

as

stipulated

in

this

Law,

he

may

be

exempted

from

the

investigation

for

his

criminal

responsibility.

中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)家工作人員和軍人在中華人民共和國(guó)領(lǐng)域外犯本法規(guī)定之罪的，適用本法。

This

Law

shall

be

applicable

to

any

State

functionary

or

serviceman

who

commits

a

crime

prescribed

in

this

Law

outside

the

territory

and

territorial

waters

and

space

of

the

People's

Republic

of

China.

第八條

外國(guó)人在中華人民共和國(guó)領(lǐng)域外對(duì)中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)家或者公民犯罪，而按本法規(guī)定的最低刑為三年以上有期徒刑的，可以適用本法，但是按照犯罪地的法律不受處罰的除外。

Article

8

This

Law

may

be

applicable

to

any

foreigner

who

commits

a

crime

outside

the

territory

and

territorial

waters

and

space

of

the

People's

Republic

of

China

against

the

State

of

the

People's

Republic

of

China

or

against

any

of

its

citizens,

if

for

that

crime

this

Law

prescribes

a

minimum

punishment

of

fixed-term

imprisonment

of

not

less

than

three

years;

however,

this

does

not

apply

to

a

crime

that

is

not

punishable

according

to

the

laws

of

the

place

where

it

is

committed.

第九條

對(duì)于中華人民共和國(guó)締結(jié)或者參加的國(guó)際條約所規(guī)定的罪行，中華人民共和國(guó)在所承擔(dān)條約義務(wù)的范圍內(nèi)行使刑事管轄權(quán)的，適用本法。

Article

9

This

Law

shall

be

applicable

to

crimes

which

are

stipulated

in

international

treaties

concluded

or

acceded

to

by

the

People's

Republic

of

China

and

over

which

the

People's

Republic

of

China

exercises

criminal

jurisdiction

within

the

scope

of

obligations,

prescribed

in

these

treaties,

it

agrees

to

perform.

第十條

凡在中華人民共和國(guó)領(lǐng)域外犯罪，依照本法應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)刑事責(zé)任的，雖然經(jīng)過(guò)外國(guó)審判，仍然可以依照本法追究，但是在外國(guó)已經(jīng)受過(guò)刑罰處罰的，可以免除或者減輕處罰。

Article

10

Any

person

who

commits

a

crime

outside

the

territory

and

territorial

waters

and

space

of

the

People's

Republic

of

China,

for

which

according

to

this

Law

he

should

bear

criminal

responsibility,

may

still

be

investigated

for

his

criminal

responsibility

according

to

this

Law,

even

if

he

has

already

been

tried

in

a

foreign

country.

However,

if

he

has

already

received

criminal

punishment

in

the

foreign

country,

he

may

be

exempted

from

punishment

or

given

a

mitigated

punishment.

第十一條

享有外交特權(quán)和豁免權(quán)的外國(guó)人的刑事責(zé)任，通過(guò)外交途徑解決。

Article

11

The

criminal

responsibility

of

foreigners

who

enjoy

diplomatic

privileges

and

immunities

shall

be

solved

through

diplomatic

channels.

第十二條

中華人民共和國(guó)成立以后本法施行以前的行為，如果當(dāng)時(shí)的法律不認(rèn)為是犯罪的，適用當(dāng)時(shí)的法律；如果當(dāng)時(shí)的法律認(rèn)為是犯罪的，依照本法總則第四章第八節(jié)的規(guī)定應(yīng)當(dāng)追訴的，按照當(dāng)時(shí)的法律追究刑事責(zé)任，但是如果本法不認(rèn)為是犯罪或者處刑較輕的，適用本法。

Article

12

If

an

act

committed

after

the

founding

of

the

People's

Republic

of

China

and

before

the

entry

into

force

of

this

Law

was

not

deemed

a

crime

under

the

laws

at

the

time,

those

laws

shall

apply.

If

the

act

was

deemed

a

crime

under

the

laws

in

force

at

the

time

and

is

subject

to

prosecution

under

the

provisions

of

Section

8,

Chapter

IV

of

the

General

Provisions

of

this

Law,

criminal

responsibility

shall

be

investigated

in

accordance

with

those

laws.

However,

if

according

to

this

Law

the

act

is

not

deemed

a

crime

or

is

subject

to

a

lighter

punishment,

this

Law

shall

apply.

本法施行以前，依照當(dāng)時(shí)的法律已經(jīng)作出的生效判決，繼續(xù)有效。

Before

the

entry

into

force

of

this

Law,

any

judgment

that

has

been

made

and

has

become

effective

according

to

the

laws

at

the

time

shall

remain

valid.

第一節(jié)

犯罪和刑事責(zé)任

SECTION

1

CRIMES

AND

CRIMINAL

RESPONSIBILITY

第十三條

一切危害國(guó)家主權(quán)、領(lǐng)土完整和安全，分裂國(guó)家、顛覆人民民主專(zhuān)政的政權(quán)和推翻社會(huì)主義制度，破壞社會(huì)秩序和經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序，侵犯國(guó)有財(cái)產(chǎn)或者勞動(dòng)群眾集體所有的財(cái)產(chǎn)，侵犯公民私人所有的財(cái)產(chǎn)，侵犯公民的人身權(quán)利、民主權(quán)利和其他權(quán)利，以及其他危害社會(huì)的行為，依照法律應(yīng)當(dāng)受刑罰處罰的，都是犯罪，但是情節(jié)顯著輕微危害不大的，不認(rèn)為是犯罪。

Article

13

A

crime

refers

to

an

act

that

endangers

the

sovereignty,

territorial

integrity

and

security

of

the

State,

splits

the

State,

subverts

the

State

power

of

the

people's

democratic

dictatorship

and

overthrows

the

socialist

system,

undermines

public

and

economic

order,

violates

State-owned

property,

property

collectively

owned

by

the

working

people,

or

property

privately

owned

by

citizens,

infringes

on

the

citizens'

rights

of

the

person,

their

democratic

or

other

rights,

and

any

other

act

that

endangers

society

and

is

subject

to

punishment

according

to

law.

However,

if

the

circumstances

are

obviously

minor

and

the

harm

done

is

not

serious,

the

act

shall

not

be

considered

a

crime.

第十四條

明知自己的行為會(huì)發(fā)生危害社會(huì)的結(jié)果，并且希望或者放任這種結(jié)果發(fā)生，因而構(gòu)成犯罪的，是故意犯罪。

Article

14

An

intentional

crime

refers

to

an

act

committed

by

a

person

who

clearly

knows

that

his

act

will

entail

harmful

consequences

to

society

but

who

wishes

or

allows

such

consequences

to

occur,

thus

constituting

a

crime.

故意犯罪，應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)刑事責(zé)任。

Criminal

responsibility

shall

be

borne

for

intentional

crimes.

第十五條

應(yīng)當(dāng)預(yù)見(jiàn)自己的行為可能發(fā)生危害社會(huì)的結(jié)果，因?yàn)槭韬龃笠舛鴽](méi)有預(yù)見(jiàn)，或者已經(jīng)預(yù)見(jiàn)而輕信能夠避免，以致發(fā)生這種結(jié)果的，是過(guò)失犯罪。

Article

15

A

negligent

crime

refers

to

an

act

committed

by

a

person

who

should

have

foreseen

that

his

act

would

possibly

entail

harmful

consequences

to

society

but

who

fails

to

do

so

through

his

negligence

or,

having

foreseen

the

consequences,

readily

believes

that

they

can

be

avoided,

so

that

the

consequences

do

occur.

過(guò)失犯罪，法律有規(guī)定的才負(fù)刑事責(zé)任。

Criminal

responsibility

shall

be

borne

for

negligent

crimes

only

when

the

law

so

provides.

第十六條

行為在客觀上雖然造成了損害結(jié)果，但是不是出于故意或者過(guò)失，而是由于不能抗拒或者不能預(yù)見(jiàn)的原因所引起的，不是犯罪。

Article

16

An

act

is

not

a

crime

if

it

objectively

results

in

harmful

consequences

due

to

irresistible

or

unforeseeable

causes

rather

than

intent

or

negligence.

第十七條

已滿(mǎn)十六周歲的人犯罪，應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)刑事責(zé)任。

Article

17

If

a

person

who

has

reached

the

age

of

16

commits

a

crime,

he

shall

bear

criminal

responsibility.

已滿(mǎn)十四周歲不滿(mǎn)十六周歲的人，犯故意殺人、故意傷害致人重傷或者死亡、強(qiáng)**、搶劫、販賣(mài)毒品、放火、爆炸、投毒罪的，應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)刑事責(zé)任。

If

a

person

who

has

reached

the

age

of

14

but

not

the

age

of

16

commits

intentional

homicide,

intentionally

hurts

another

person

so

as

to

cause

serious

injury

or

death

of

the

person,

or

commits

rape,

robbery,

drug-

trafficking,

arson,

explosion

or

poisoning,

he

shall

bear

criminal

responsibility.

已滿(mǎn)十四周歲不滿(mǎn)十八周歲的人犯罪，應(yīng)當(dāng)從輕或者減輕處罰。

If

a

person

who

has

reached

the

age

of

14

but

not

the

age

of

18

commits

a

crime,

he

shall

be

given

a

lighter

or

mitigated

punishment.

因不滿(mǎn)十六周歲不予刑事處罰的，責(zé)令他的家長(zhǎng)或者監(jiān)護(hù)人加以管教；在必要的時(shí)候，也可以由政府收容教養(yǎng)。

If

a

person

is

not

given

criminal

punishment

because

he

has

not

reached

the

age

of

16,

the

head

of

his

family

or

his

guardian

shall

be

ordered

to

discipline

him.

When

necessary,

he

may

be

taken

in

by

the

government

for

rehabilitation.

第十八條

精神病人在不能辨認(rèn)或者不能控制自己行為的時(shí)候造成危害結(jié)果，經(jīng)法定程序鑒定確認(rèn)的，不負(fù)刑事責(zé)任，但是應(yīng)當(dāng)責(zé)令他的家屬或者監(jiān)護(hù)人嚴(yán)加看管和醫(yī)療；在必要的時(shí)候，由政府強(qiáng)制醫(yī)療。

Article

18

If

a

mental

patient

causes

harmful

consequences

at

a

time

when

he

is

unable

to

recognize

or

control

his

own

conduct,

upon

verification

and

confirmation

through

legal

procedure,

he

shall

not

bear

criminal

responsibility,

but

his

family

members

or

guardian

shall

be

ordered

to

keep

him

under

strict

watch

and

control

and

arrange

for

his

medical

treatment.

When

necessary,

the

government

may

compel

him

to

receive

medical

treatment.

間歇性的精神病人在精神正常的時(shí)候犯罪，應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)刑事責(zé)任。

Any

person

whose

mental

illness

is

of

an

intermittent

nature

shall

bear

criminal

responsibility

if

he

commits

a

crime

when

he

is

in

a

normal

mental

state.

尚未完全喪失辨認(rèn)或者控制自己行為能力的精神病人犯罪的，應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)刑事責(zé)任，但是可以從輕或者減輕處罰。

If

a

mental

patient

who

has

not

completely

lost

the

ability

of

recognizing

or

controlling

his

own

conduct

commits

a

crime,

he

shall

bear

criminal

responsibility;

however,

he

may

be

given

a

lighter

or

mitigated

punishment.

醉酒的人犯罪，應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)刑事責(zé)任。

Any

intoxicated

person

who

commits

a

crime

shall

bear

criminal

responsibility.

第十九條

又聾又啞的人或者盲人犯罪，可以從輕、減輕或者免除處罰。

Article

19

Any

deaf-mute

or

blind

person

who

commits

a

crime

may

be

given

a

lighter

or

mitigated

punishment

or

be

exempted

from

punishment.

第二十條

為了使國(guó)家、公共利益、本人或者他人的人身、財(cái)產(chǎn)和其他權(quán)利免受正在進(jìn)行的不法侵害，而采取的制止不法侵害的行為，對(duì)不法侵害人造成損害的，屬于正當(dāng)防衛(wèi)，不負(fù)刑事責(zé)任。

Article

20

An

act

that

a

person

commits

to

stop

an

unlawful

infringement

in

order

to

prevent

the

interests

of

the

State

and

the

public,

or

his

own

or

other

person's

rights

of

the

person,

property

or

other

rights

from

being

infringed

upon

by

the

on-going

infringement,

thus

harming

the

perpetrator,

is

justifiable

defence,

and

he

shall

not

bear

criminal

responsibility.

正當(dāng)防衛(wèi)明顯超過(guò)必要限度造成重大損害的，應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)刑事責(zé)任，但是應(yīng)當(dāng)減輕或者免除處罰。

If

a

person's

act

of

justifiable

defence

obviously

exceeds

the

limits

of

necessity

and

causes

serious

damage,

he

shall

bear

criminal

responsibility;

however,

he

shall

be

given

a

mitigated

punishment

or

be

exempted

from

punishment.

對(duì)正在進(jìn)行行兇、殺人、搶劫、強(qiáng)**、綁架以及其他嚴(yán)重危及人身安全的暴力犯罪，采取防衛(wèi)行為，造成不法侵害人傷亡的，不屬于防衛(wèi)過(guò)當(dāng)，不負(fù)刑事責(zé)任。

If

a

person

acts

in

defence

against

an

on-going

assault,

murder,

robbery,

rape,

kidnap

or

any

other

crime

of

violence

that

seriously

endangers

his

personal

safety,

thus

causing

injury

or

death

to

the

perpetrator

of

the

unlawful

act,

it

is

not

undue

defence,

and

he

shall

not

bear

criminal

responsibility.

第二十一條

為了使國(guó)家、公共利益、本人或者他人的人身、財(cái)產(chǎn)和其他權(quán)利免受正在發(fā)生的危險(xiǎn)，不得已采取的緊急避險(xiǎn)行為，造成損害的，不負(fù)刑事責(zé)任。

Article

21

If

a

person

is

compelled

to

commit

an

act

in

an

emergency

to

avert

an

immediate

danger

to

the

interests

of

the

State

or

the

public,

or

his

own

or

another

person's

rights

of

the

person,

property

or

other

rights,

thus

causing

damage,

he

shall

not

bear

criminal

responsibility.

緊急避險(xiǎn)超過(guò)必要限度造成不應(yīng)有的損害的，應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)刑事責(zé)任，但是應(yīng)當(dāng)減輕或者免除處罰。

If

the

act

committed

by

a

person

in

an

emergency

to

avert

danger

exceeds

the

limits

of

necessity

and

causes

undue

damage,

he

shall

bear

criminal

responsibility;

however,

he

shall

be

given

a

mitigated

punishment

or

be

exempted

from

punishment.

第一款中關(guān)于避免本人危險(xiǎn)的規(guī)定，不適用于職務(wù)上、業(yè)務(wù)上負(fù)有特定責(zé)任的人。

The

provisions

of

the

first

paragraph

of

this

Article

with

respect

to

averting

danger

to

oneself

shall

not

apply

to

a

person

who

is

charged

with

special

responsibility

in

his

post

or

profession.

第二節(jié)

犯罪的預(yù)備、未遂和中止

SECTION

2

PREPARATION

FOR

A

CRIME,

CRIMINAL

ATTEMPT

AND

DISCONTINUATION

第二十二條

為了犯罪，準(zhǔn)備工具、制造條件的，是犯罪預(yù)備。

Article

22

Preparation

for

a

crime

refers

to

the

preparation

of

the

instruments

or

the

creation

of

the

conditions

for

a

crime.

對(duì)于預(yù)備犯，可以比照既遂犯從輕、減輕處罰或者免除處罰。

An

offender

who

prepares

for

a

crime

may,

in

comparison

with

one

who

completes

the

crime,

be

given

a

lighter

or

mitigated

punishment

or

be

exempted

from

punishment.

第二十三條

已經(jīng)著手實(shí)行犯罪，由于犯罪分子意志以外的原因而未得逞的，是犯罪未遂。

Article

23

A

criminal

attempt

refers

to

a

case

where

an

offender

has

already

started

to

commit

a

crime

but

is

prevented

from

completing

it

for

reasons

independent

of

his

will.

對(duì)于未遂犯，可以比照既遂犯從輕或者減輕處罰。

An

offender

who

attempts

to

commit

a

crime

may,

in

comparison

with

one

who

completes

the

crime,

be

given

a

lighter

or

mitigated

punishment.

第二十四條

在犯罪過(guò)程中，自動(dòng)放棄犯罪或者自動(dòng)有效地防止犯罪結(jié)果發(fā)生的，是犯罪中止。

Article

24

Discontinuation

of

a

crime

refers

to

a

case

where,

in

the

course

of

committing

a

crime,

the

offender

voluntarily

discontinues

the

crime

or

voluntarily

and

effectively

prevents

the

consequences

of

the

crime

from

occurring.

對(duì)于中止犯，沒(méi)有造成損害的，應(yīng)當(dāng)免除處罰；造成損害的，應(yīng)當(dāng)減輕處罰。

An

offender

who

discontinues

a

crime

shall,

if

no

damage

is

caused,

be

exempted

from

punishment

or,

if

any

damage

is

caused,

be

given

a

mitigated

punishment.

第二十五條

共同犯罪是指二人以上共同故意犯罪。

Article

25

A

joint

crime

refers

to

an

intentional

crime

committed

by

two

or

more

persons

jointly.

二人以上共同過(guò)失犯罪，不以共同犯罪論處；應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)刑事責(zé)任的，按照他們所犯的罪分別處罰。

A

negligent

crime

committed

by

two

or

more

persons

jointly

shall

not

be

punished

as

a

joint

crime;

however,

those

who

should

bear

criminal

responsibility

shall

be

individually

punished

according

to

the

crimes

they

have

committed.

第二十六條

組織、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)犯罪集團(tuán)進(jìn)行犯罪活動(dòng)的或者在共同犯罪中起主要作用的，是主犯。

Article

26

A

principal

criminal

refers

to

any

person

who

organizes

and

leads

a

criminal

group

in

carrying

out

criminal

activities

or

plays

a

principal

role

in

a

joint

crime.

三人以上為共同實(shí)施犯罪而組成的較為固定的犯罪組織，是犯罪集團(tuán)。

A

criminal

group

refers

to

a

relatively

stable

criminal

organization

formed

by

three

or

more

persons

for

the

purpose

of

committing

crimes

jointly.

對(duì)組織、領(lǐng)導(dǎo)犯罪集團(tuán)的首要分子，按照集團(tuán)所犯的全部罪行處罰。

Any

ringleader

who

organizes

or

leads

a

criminal

group

shall

be

punished

on

the

basis

of

all

the

crimes

that

the

criminal

group

has

committed.

對(duì)于第三款規(guī)定以外的主犯，應(yīng)當(dāng)按照其所參與的或者組織、指揮的全部犯罪處罰。

Any

principal

criminal

not

included

in

Paragraph

3

shall

be

punished

on

the

basis

of

all

the

crimes

that

he

participates

in

or

that

he

organizes

or

directs.

第二十七條

在共同犯罪中起次要或者輔助作用的，是從犯。

Article

27

An

accomplice

refers

to

any

person

who

plays

a

secondary

or

auxiliary

role

in

a

joint

crime.

對(duì)于從犯，應(yīng)當(dāng)從輕、減輕處罰或者免除處罰。

An

accomplice

shall

be

given

a

lighter

or

mitigated

punishment

or

be

exempted

from

punishment.

第二十八條

對(duì)于被脅迫參加犯罪的，應(yīng)當(dāng)按照他的犯罪情節(jié)減輕處罰或者免除處罰。

Article

28

Anyone

who

is

coerced

to

participate

in

a

crime

shall

be

given

a

mitigated

punishment

or

be

exempted

from

punishment

in

the

light

of

the

circumstances

of

the

crime

he

commits.

第二十九條

教唆他人犯罪的，應(yīng)當(dāng)按照他在共同犯罪中所起的作用處罰。教唆不滿(mǎn)十八周歲的人犯罪的，應(yīng)當(dāng)從重處罰。

Article

29

Anyone

who

instigates

another

to

commit

a

crime

shall

be

punished

according

to

the

role

he

plays

in

a

joint

crime.

Anyone

who

instigates

a

person

under

the

age

of

18

to

commit

a

crime

shall

be

given

a

heavier

punishment.

如果被教唆的人沒(méi)有犯被教唆的罪，對(duì)于教唆犯，可以從輕或者減輕處罰。

If

the

instigated

person

has

not

committed

the

instigated

crime,

the

instigator

may

be

given

a

lighter

or

mitigated

punishment.

第四節(jié)

單位犯罪

SECTION

4

CRIMES

COMMITTED

BY

A

UNIT

第三十條

公司、企業(yè)、事業(yè)單位、機(jī)關(guān)、團(tuán)體實(shí)施的危害社會(huì)的行為，法律規(guī)定為單位犯罪的，應(yīng)當(dāng)負(fù)刑事責(zé)任。

Article

30

Any

company,

enterprise,

institution,

State

organ,

or

organization

that

commits

an

act

that

endangers

society,

which

is

prescribed

by

law

as

a

crime

committed

by

a

unit,

shall

bear

criminal

responsibility.

第三十一條

單位犯罪的，對(duì)單位判處罰金，并對(duì)其直接負(fù)責(zé)的主管人員和其他直接責(zé)任人員判處刑罰。本法分則和其他法律另有規(guī)定的，依照規(guī)定。

Article

31

Where

a

unit

commits

a

crime,

it

shall

be

fined,

and

the

persons

who

are

directly

in

charge

and

the

other

persons

who

are

directly

responsible

for

the

crime

shall

be

given

criminal

punishment.

Where

it

is

otherwise

provided

for

in

the

Specific

Provisions

of

this

Law

or

in

other

laws,

those

provisions

shall

prevail.

第三十二條

刑罰分為主刑和附加刑。

Article

32

Punishments

are

divided

into

principal

punishments

and

supplementary

punishments.

第三十三條

主刑的種類(lèi)如下：

Article

33

The

principal

punishments

are

as

follows:

（一）管制；

(1)

public

surveillance;

（二）拘役；

(2)

criminal

detention;

（三）有期徒刑；

(3)

fixed-term

imprisonment;

（四）無(wú)期徒刑；

(4)

life

imprisonment;

and

（五）死刑。

(5)

the

death

penalty.

第三十四條

附加刑的種類(lèi)如下：

Article

34

The

supplementary

punishments

are

as

follows:

（一）罰金；

(1)

fine;

（二）剝奪政治權(quán)利；

(2)

deprivation

of

political

rights;

and

（三）沒(méi)收財(cái)產(chǎn)。

(3)

confiscation

of

property.

附加刑也可以獨(dú)立適用。

Supplementary

punishments

may

be

imposed

independently.

第三十五條

對(duì)于犯罪的外國(guó)人，可以獨(dú)立適用或者附加適用驅(qū)逐出境。

Article

35

Deportation

may

be

imposed

independently

or

supplementarily

to

a

foreigner

who

commits

a

crime.

第三十六條

由于犯罪行為而使被害人遭受經(jīng)濟(jì)損失的，對(duì)犯罪分子除依法給予刑事處罰外，并應(yīng)根據(jù)情況判處賠償經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。

Article

36

If

a

victim

has

suffered

economic

losses

as

a

result

of

a

crime,

the

criminal

shall,

in

addition

to

receiving

a

criminal

punishment

according

to

law,

be

sentenced

to

making

compensation

for

the

economic

losses

in

the

light

of

the

circumstances.

承擔(dān)民事賠償責(zé)任的犯罪分子，同時(shí)被判處罰金，其財(cái)產(chǎn)不足以全部支付的，或者被判處沒(méi)收財(cái)產(chǎn)的，應(yīng)當(dāng)先承擔(dān)對(duì)被害人的民事賠償責(zé)任。

If

criminal

who

is

liable

for

civil

compensation

is

sentenced

to

a

fine

at

the

same

time

but

his

property

is

not

sufficient

to

pay

both

the

compensation

and

the

fine,

or

if

he

is

sentenced

to

confiscation

of

property

at

the

same

time,

he

shall,

first

of

all,

bear

his

liability

for

civil

compensation

to

the

victim.

第三十七條

對(duì)于犯罪情節(jié)輕微不需要判處刑罰的，可以免予刑事處罰，但是可以根據(jù)案件的不同情況，予以訓(xùn)誡或者責(zé)令具結(jié)悔過(guò)、賠禮道歉、賠償損失，或者由主管部門(mén)予以行政處罰或者行政處分。

Article

37

If

the

circumstances

of

a

person's

crime

are

minor

and

do

not

require

criminal

punishment,

he

may

be

exempted

from

it;

however,

he

may,

depending

on

the

different

circumstances

of

the

case,

be

reprimanded

or

ordered

to

make

a

statement

of

repentance,

offer

an

apology

or

pay

compensation

for

the

losses,

or

be

subjected

to

administrative

penalty

or

administrative

sanctions

by

the

competent

department.

第三十八條

管制的期限，為三個(gè)月以上二年以下。

Article

38

The

term

of

public

surveillance

shall

be

not

less

than

three

months

but

not

more

than

two

years.

被判處管制的犯罪分子，由公安機(jī)關(guān)執(zhí)行。

Where

a

criminal

is

sentenced

to

public

surveillance,

the

sentence

shall

be

executed

by

a

public

security

organ.

第三十九條

被判處管制的犯罪分子，在執(zhí)行期間，應(yīng)當(dāng)遵守下列規(guī)定：

Article

39

Any

criminal

who

is

sentenced

to

public

surveillance

shall

observe

the

following

during

the

term

in

which

his

sentence

is

being

executed:

（一）遵守法律、行政法規(guī)，服從監(jiān)督；

(1)

observe

laws

and

administrative

rules

and

regulations,

and

submit

to

supervision;

（二）未經(jīng)執(zhí)行機(jī)關(guān)批準(zhǔn)，不得行使言論、出版、集會(huì)、結(jié)社、游行、示威自由的權(quán)利；

(2)

exercise

no

right

of

freedom

of

speech,

of

the

press,

of

assembly,

of

association,

of

procession

or

of

demonstration

without

the

approval

of

the

organ

executing

the

public

surveillance;

（三）按照?qǐng)?zhí)行機(jī)關(guān)規(guī)定報(bào)告自己的活動(dòng)情況；

(3)

report

on

his

own

activities

as

required

by

the

organ

executing

the

public

surveillance;

（四）遵守執(zhí)行機(jī)關(guān)關(guān)于會(huì)客的規(guī)定；

(4)

observe

the

regulations

for

receiving

visitors

stipulated

by

the

organ

executing

the

public

surveillance;

and

（五）離開(kāi)所居住的市、縣或者遷居，應(yīng)當(dāng)報(bào)經(jīng)執(zhí)行機(jī)關(guān)批準(zhǔn)。

(5)

report

to

obtain

approval

from

the

organ

executing

the

public

surveillance

for

any

departure

from

the

city

or

county

he

lives

in

or

for

any

change

in

residence.

對(duì)于被判處管制的犯罪分子，在勞動(dòng)中應(yīng)當(dāng)同工同酬。

Criminals

sentenced

to

public

surveillance

shall,

while

engaged

in

labour,

receive

equal

pay

for

equal

work.

第四十條

被判處管制的犯罪分子，管制期滿(mǎn)，執(zhí)行機(jī)關(guān)應(yīng)即向本人和其所在單位或者居住地的群眾宣布解除管制。

Article

40

Upon

the

expiration

of

a

term

of

public

surveillance,

the

executing

organ

shall

immediately

announce

the

termination

of

public

surveillance

to

the

criminal

sentenced

to

public

surveillance

and

to

his

work

unit

or

the

people

of

the

place

where

he

resides.

第四十一條

管制的刑期，從判決執(zhí)行之日起計(jì)算；判決執(zhí)行以前先行羈押的，羈押一日折抵刑期二日。

Article

41

A

term

of

public

surveillance

shall

be

counted

from

the

date

the

judgment

begins

to

be

executed;

if

the

criminal

is

held

in

custody

before

the

execution

of

the

judgment,

one

day

in

custody

shall

be

considered

two

days

of

the

term

sentenced.

第四十二條

拘役的期限，為一個(gè)月以上六個(gè)月以下。

Article

42

A

term

of

criminal

detention

shall

be

not

less

than

one

month

but

not

more

than

6

months.

第四十三條

被判處拘役的犯罪分子，由公安機(jī)關(guān)就近執(zhí)行。

Article

43

Where

a

criminal

is

sentenced

to

criminal

detention,

the

sentence

shall

be

executed

by

the

public

security

organ

in

the

vicinity.

在執(zhí)行期間，被判處拘役的犯罪分子每月可以回家一天至兩天；參加勞動(dòng)的，可以酌量發(fā)給報(bào)酬。

During

the

period

of

execution,

a

criminal

sentenced

to

criminal

detention

may

go

home

for

one

to

two

days

each

month;

an

appropriate

remuneration

may

be

given

to

those

who

participate

in

labor.

第四十四條

拘役的刑期，從判決執(zhí)行之日起計(jì)算；判決執(zhí)行以前先行羈押的，羈押一日折抵刑期一日。

Article

44

A

term

of

criminal

detention

shall

be

counted

from

the

date

the

judgment

begins

to

be

executed;

if

the

criminal

is

held

in

custody

before

the

execution

of

the

judgment,

one

day

in

custody

shall

be

considered

one

day

of

the

term

sentenced.

第四節(jié)

有期徒刑、無(wú)期徒刑

SECTION

4

FIXED-TERM

IMPRISONMENT

AND

LIFE

IMPRISONMENT

第四十五條

有期徒刑的期限，除本法第五十條、第六十九條規(guī)定外，為六個(gè)月以上十五年以下。

Article

45

A

term

of

fixed-term

imprisonment

shall

be

not

less

than

six

months

but

not

more

than

15

years,

except

as

stipulated

in

Articles

50

and

69

of

this

Law.

第四十六條

被判處有期徒刑、無(wú)期徒刑的犯罪分子，在監(jiān)獄或者其他執(zhí)行場(chǎng)所執(zhí)行；凡有勞動(dòng)能力的，都應(yīng)當(dāng)參加勞動(dòng)，接受教育和改造。

Article

46

Any

criminal

who

is

sentenced

to

fixed-term

imprisonment

or

life

imprisonment

shall

serve

his

sentence

in

prison

or

another

place

for

the

execution.

Anyone

who

is

able

to

work

shall

do

so

to

accept

education

and

reform

through

labor.

第四十七條

有期徒刑的刑期，從判決執(zhí)行之日起計(jì)算；判決執(zhí)行以前先行羈押的，羈押一日折抵刑期一日。

Article

47

A

term

of

fixed-term

imprisonment

shall

be

counted

from

the

date

the

judgment

begins

to

be

executed;

if

the

criminal

is

held

in

custody

before

the

execution

of

the

judgment,

one

day

in

custody

shall

be

considered

one

day

of

the

term

sentenced.

第四十八條

死刑只適用于罪行極其嚴(yán)重的犯罪分子。對(duì)于應(yīng)當(dāng)判處死刑的犯罪分子，如果不是必須立即執(zhí)行的，可以判處死刑同時(shí)宣告緩期二年執(zhí)行。

Article

48

The

death

penalty

shall

only

be

applied

to

criminals

who

have

committed

extremely

serious

crimes.

If

the

immediate

execution

of

a

criminal

punishable

by

death

is

not

deemed

necessary,

a

two-year

suspension

of

execution

may

be

pronounced

simultaneously

with

the

imposition

of

the

death

sentence.

死刑除依法由最高人民法院判決的以外，都應(yīng)當(dāng)報(bào)請(qǐng)最高人民法院核準(zhǔn)。死刑緩期執(zhí)行的，可以由高級(jí)人民法院判決或者核準(zhǔn)。

All

death

sentences,

except

for

those

that

according

to

law

should

be

decided

by

the

Supreme

People's

Court,

shall

be

submitted

to

the

Supreme

People's

Court

for

verification

and

approval.

Death

sentences

with

a

suspension

of

execution

may

be

decided

or

verified

and

approved

by

a

Higher

People's

Court.

第四十九條

犯罪的時(shí)候不滿(mǎn)十八周歲的人和審判的時(shí)候懷孕的婦女，不適用死刑。

Article

49

The

death

penalty

shall

not

be

imposed

on

persons

who

have

not

reached

the

age

of

18

at

the

time

the

crime

is

committed

or

on

women

who

are

pregnant

at

the

time

of

trial.

第五十條

判處死刑緩期執(zhí)行的，在死刑緩期執(zhí)行期間，如果沒(méi)有故意犯罪，二年期滿(mǎn)以后，減為無(wú)期徒刑；如果確有重大立功表現(xiàn)，二年期滿(mǎn)以后，減為十五年以上二十年以下有期徒刑；如果故意犯罪，查證屬實(shí)的，由最高人民法院核準(zhǔn)，執(zhí)行死刑。

Article

50

Anyone

who

is

sentenced

to

death

with

a

suspension

of

execution

commits

no

intentional

crime

during

the

period

of

suspension,

his

punishment

shall

be

commuted

to

life

imprisonment

upon

the

expiration

of

the

two-year

period;

if

he

has

truly

performed

major

meritorious

service,

his

punishment

shall

be

commuted

to

fixed-term

imprisonment

of

not

less

than

15

years

but

not

more

than

20

years

upon

the

expiration

of

the

two-year

period;

if

it

is

verified

that

he

has

committed

an

intentional

crime,

the

death

penalty

shall

be

executed

upon

verification

and

approval

of

the

Supreme

People's

Court.

第五十一條

死刑緩期執(zhí)行的期間，從判決確定之日起計(jì)算。死刑緩期執(zhí)行減為有期徒刑的刑期，從死刑緩期執(zhí)行期滿(mǎn)之日起計(jì)算。

Article

51

The

term

of

suspension

of

execution

of

a

death

penalty

shall

be

counted

from

the

date

the

judgment

becomes

final.

The

term

of

a

fixed-term

imprisonment

that

is

commuted

from

a

death

penalty

with

suspension

of

execution

shall

be

counted

from

the

date

the

suspension

of

execution

expires.

第五十二條

判處罰金，應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)犯罪情節(jié)決定罰金數(shù)額。

Article

52

The

amount

of

any

fine

imposed

shall

be

determined

according

to

the

circumstances

of

the

crime.

第五十三條

罰金在判決指定的期限內(nèi)一次或者分期繳納。期滿(mǎn)不繳納的，強(qiáng)制繳納。對(duì)于不能全部繳納罰金的，人民法院在任何時(shí)候發(fā)現(xiàn)被執(zhí)行人有可以執(zhí)行的財(cái)產(chǎn)，應(yīng)當(dāng)隨時(shí)追繳。如果由于遭遇不能抗拒的災(zāi)禍繳納確實(shí)有困難的，可以酌情減少或者免除。

Article

53

A

fine

may

be

paid

in

a

lump

sum

or

in

installments

within

the

time

limit

specified

in

the

judgment.

If

a

fine

is

not

paid

upon

the

expiration

of

that

time

limit,

the

payment

shall

be

compelled.

If

a

person

is

not

able

to

pay

the

fine

in

full,

the

People's

Court

shall

demand

the

payment

whenever

it

finds

the

person

has

property

for

execution

of

the

fine.

If

a

person

has

true

difficulties

in

paying

because

of

an

irresistible

disaster,

the

fine

may

be

reduced

or

remitted

according

to

the

circumstances.

第七節(jié)

剝奪政治權(quán)利

SECTION

7

DEPRIVATION

OF

POLITICAL

RIGHTS

第五十四條

剝奪政治權(quán)利是剝奪下列權(quán)利：

Article

54

Deprivation

of

political

rights

refers

to

deprivation

of

the

following

rights:

（一）選舉權(quán)和被選舉權(quán)；

(1)

the

right

to

vote

and

to

stand

for

election;

（二）言論、出版、集會(huì)、結(jié)社、游行、示威自由的權(quán)利；

(2)

the

rights

of

freedom

of

speech,

of

the

press,

of

assembly,

of

association,

of

procession

and

of

demonstration;

（三）擔(dān)任國(guó)家機(jī)關(guān)職務(wù)的權(quán)利；

(3)

the

right

to

hold

a

position

in

a

State

organ;

and

（四）擔(dān)任國(guó)有公司、企業(yè)、事業(yè)單位和人民團(tuán)體領(lǐng)導(dǎo)職務(wù)的權(quán)利。

(4)

the

right

to

hold

a

leading

position

in

any

State-owned

company,

enterprise,

institution

or

people's

organization.

第五十五條

剝奪政治權(quán)利的期限，除本法第五十七條規(guī)定外，為一年以上五年以下。

Article

55

A

term

of

deprivation

of

political

rights

shall

be

not

less

than

one

year

but

not

more

than

five

years,

except

as

stipulated

in

Article

57

of

this

Law.

判處管制附加剝奪政治權(quán)利的，剝奪政治權(quán)利的期限與管制的期限相等，同時(shí)執(zhí)行。

Anyone

who

is

sentenced

to

public

surveillance

is

deprived

of

political

rights

as

a

supplementary

punishment,

the

term

of

deprivation

of

political

rights

shall

be

the

same

as

the

term

of

public

surveillance,

and

the

punishments

shall

be

executed

simultaneously.

第五十六條

對(duì)于危害國(guó)家安全的犯罪分子應(yīng)當(dāng)附加剝奪政治權(quán)利；對(duì)于故意殺人、強(qiáng)**、放火、爆炸、投毒、搶劫等嚴(yán)重破壞社會(huì)秩序的犯罪分子，可以附加剝奪政治權(quán)利。

Article

56

Anyone

who

commits

the

crime

of

endangering

national

security

shall

be

sentenced

to

deprivation

of

political

rights

as

a

supplementary

punishment;

anyone

who

commits

the

crime

of

seriously

undermining

public

order

by

intentional

homicide,

rape,

arson,

explosion,

poisoning

or

robbery

may

be

sentenced

to

deprivation

of

political

rights

as

a

supplementary

punishment.

獨(dú)立適用剝奪政治權(quán)利的，依照本法分則的規(guī)定。

Where

deprivation

of

political

rights

is

imposed

exclusively,

the

Specific

Provisions

of

this

Law

shall

apply.

第五十七條

對(duì)于被判處死刑、無(wú)期徒刑的犯罪分子，應(yīng)當(dāng)剝奪政治權(quán)利終身。

Article

57

Any

criminal

who

is

sentenced

to

death

or

to

life

imprisonment

shall

be

deprived

of

his

political

rights

for

life.

在死刑緩期執(zhí)行減為有期徒刑或者無(wú)期徒刑減為有期徒刑的時(shí)候，應(yīng)當(dāng)把附加剝奪政治權(quán)利的期限改為三年以上十年以下。

When

a

death

penalty

with

a

suspension

of

execution

is

commuted

to

a

fixed-t