2024-2025學年新教材高中英語UNIT2SPORTSANDFITNESSSectionⅠTOPICTALK課時檢測含解析北師大版必修第一冊

PAGEPAGE7TOPICTALKⅠ.閱讀理解ARobertoClementeisthegreatestbaseballplayerofalltime.Hehadanunbelievablebattingaverage(擊球率)inallseasonsheplayed.Havingwonfourbattingtitles,GoldGloveAwardstwelvetimes,andaMostValuablePlayerAward,heiscertainlythebestthateverplayed.Besidesbeingthebestbaseballplayer,RobertoClementewasalsoagreatmanandahero.In1972,therewasanearthquakeinNicaragua.OnDecember31ofthatyear,ClementeflewtoNicaraguatotakesuppliestothepeople.Almostimmediatelyaftertake-off,theplanecrashedintotheCaribbeanSea.ThebesthonorsforClementecameafterhedied.HewasthefirstLatinovotedintotheBaseballHallofFame.In1999,thecityofPittsburgh,whereheplayedbaseball,renamedabridgeafterhim—abridgethatleadstothecity'sbeautifulnewstadium.NoonesummedupthelifeofRobertoClementeandthebaseballcommissioner(總干事)when,atClemente'sHallofFameawardceremony,hesaid,“Hewassogreataman,asaleaderandhumanitarian,sogreataninspirationtotheyoungandtoallinbaseball,especiallytotheproudpeopleofhishomeland,PuertoRico.”ThecommissionerfurtherhonoredClementebycreatingasportsmanshipawardinhisname.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了棒球明星羅伯托·克萊門特的人生經(jīng)驗。1．WhatcanbeconcludedfromRobertoClemente'striptoNicaragua?A．Hegotinjuredinanaircrash.B．Hecaredaboutpeopleandtheworld.C．HedonatedahugesumofmoneytoNicaragua.D．Heearnedhisfameforhisbraveryandgenerosity.解析：選B推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段其次、三句In1972,therewasanearthquakeinNicaragua.OnDecember31ofthatyear,ClementeflewtoNicaraguatotakesuppliestothepeople.可知，在1972年尼加拉瓜發(fā)生地震后，克萊門特飛往尼加拉瓜，向那里的人民運輸物資。據(jù)此可推知，克萊門特是一位關切人民和世界的人，故B項正確。2．WhatdoweknowaboutRobertoClementefromthepassage?A．HediedinPuertoRico.B．Therewasabridgebuiltforhim.C．HeplayedbaseballinPittsburgh.D．HisstatuewasintheBaseballHallofFame.解析：選C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段尾句中的In1999,thecityofPittsburgh,whereheplayedbaseball可知，他曾在匹茲堡市打過棒球，故C項正確。3．WhathappenedatClemente'sHallofFameawardceremony?A．AsportsmanshipawardwassetupinClemente'sname.B．ClementewasvotedintotheSoccerHallofFame.C．Clementegainedanhonorfromthepeopleofhishomeland.D．ThecommissionerpraisedClemente'sunbelievablebattingskills.解析：選A細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段尾句ThecommissionerfurtherhonoredClementebycreatingasportsmanshipawardinhisname.可知，為表彰克萊門特，總干事還以克萊門特的名義設立了一項體育精神獎，故A項正確。4．Whereisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?A．Asciencejournal. B．Asportsmagazine.C．Aradioprogram. D．Anewsreport.解析：選B文章出處題。通讀全文可知，本文講解并描述了棒球明星羅伯托·克萊門特的人生經(jīng)驗。據(jù)此可推知，本文最可能選自體育雜志，故B項正確。BWehumansareaddictedtosugar.Thatmakessense.Allanimalsneedsugartolive.It'sthefuelthatpowersourcells.Soit'snotsurprisingthatwe'reborntowantthesweetstuff.Sugarstoresthesun'senergylikeabattery.Afterameal,yourbodybreaksdownfoodsintotheirbuildingblocks.Itusessomesugarforenergyrightaway.Therestgetstoredforthebodytobreakdownlater.It'samyththatsugarmakesyouextremelyexcited,buthavingasugarysnackcangiveyouaquickburstofenergy.That'sbecausethesugarinsweetfoodsiseasyforyourbodytoturnintofuel.Whenyoueatotherkindsoffoods,likevegetables,ittakeslongerforyourbodytobreakthesugardown.Thesedaysit'seasytofindsweetsnacks.Sodas,candy,cakesandevenfoodsthatseemhealthy,suchasyogurt,canbepackedwithsugar.Foodmakersaddsugar,becausetheyknowthattohumans,sweetmakeseverythingtastebetter.Americanseatabout20teaspoonsofextrasugareveryday.That'smorethanwhatisgoodforus.Eatingtoomuchsugarcancausemorethanastomachache.Itcanmakepeopleoverweight,decaytheteethandevencausediabetes.However,expertsaren'tworriedaboutnaturallysweetfoods—theproblemisaddedsugar.Sogoaheadandenjoysweetapplesorevensugar-richcarrotsthatarealsofullofvitaminsandothergoodstuff.Evencakeisgreatonceinawhile,aslongasyoudon'toverdoit.Afterall,noonewantslifetobedull.Andyourbodyneedsitsfuel!語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了糖能給人體供應必需的能量，且易分解，并建議人們不要過多食用甜食，最好食用富含糖但也富含維生素和其他有益成分的自然食物。5．Thefirsttwoparagraphsaremainlydevelopedby________.A．causeandeffectB．problemandsolutionC．givingexamplesD．makingcomparisons解析：選A寫作手法題。依據(jù)第一段尾句Soit'snotsurprisingthatwe'reborntowantthesweetstuff.和其次段倒數(shù)其次句That'sbecausethesugarinsweetfoodsiseasyforyourbodytoturnintofuel.并結合第一、二段的內(nèi)容可知，第一段說明了人天生須要糖的緣由；其次段說明了甜食能快速補充能量的緣由；據(jù)此可推知，前兩段是通過說明因果的方法組織內(nèi)容的，故A項正確。6．Peoplemaybetrickedintoeatingtoomuchsugarbecause________.A．noonewantslifetobeboringB．we'reborntowantthesweetstuffC．so-calledhealthyfoodcanbepackedwithsugarD．sugaristhefuelfortheplantsandanimalsontheearth解析：選C細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段第一、二句Thesedaysit'seasytofindsweetsnacks.Sodas,candy,cakesandevenfoodsthatseemhealthy,suchasyogurt，canbepackedwithsugar.可知，甜食隨處可見，即使是看起來健康的食品也會含有大量糖分，故人們會誤食許多含糖食品。故C項正確。7．WhatdoestheauthorwanttostressinParagraph4?A．We'dbettersaynotosweetfoods.B．Expertsareworriedaboutaddedsugar.C．Eatingtoomuchsugarisbadforourhealth.D．We'dbetterconsumesugarfromnaturalsources.解析：選D推理推斷題。通讀第四段可知，該段第一、二句介紹了食用過量的糖的害處；第三句說明專家對添加糖分的食品的擔憂；第四句緊接著提出建議：吃富含糖但也富含維生素和其他有益成分的自然食物。據(jù)此可推知，該段旨在強調(diào)，我們最好食用自然食物來攝入糖分，故D項正確。8．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．SugarIsEverywhereB．SugarBringsHappinessC．WhyDoWeLoveSugar?D．WhyDoesSugarMakeUsFat?解析：選C標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，文章主要說明了為什么人天生須要糖分；糖分對人體的作用，并建議我們最好食用不但富含糖分、還含有維生素和其他有益成分的自然食物。故C項最適合作本文標題。CRunningisoftentiringandalotofhardwork,butnothingbeatsthefeelingyougetafterfinishingalongworkoutaroundthetrack.Butwhileit'slongbeenbelievedthatendorphins(內(nèi)啡肽)—chemicalsinthebodythatcausehappiness—arebehindtheso-called“runner'shigh”，astudysuggestedthattheremaybemoretothisphenomenonthanwepreviouslyknew.AccordingtoarecentstudypublishedbyagroupofscientistsfromseveralGermanuniversities,agroupofchemicalscalledendocannabinoids(內(nèi)源性大麻素)mayactuallyberesponsibleforthisfamiliargreatfeeling.Totestthistheory,thescientiststurnedtomice.Bothmiceandhumansreleasehighlevelsofendorphinsandendocannabinoidsafterexercise,alongwithmanyotherchemicals.Afterexercisingonrunningwheels,themiceseemedhappyandrelaxedanddisplayednosignsofanxiety.Butafterbeinggivenadrugtoblocktheirendorphinstheychanged.However,whentheirendocannabinoidswereblockedwithadifferentdrug,therunner'shighsymptomsseemedtofade.“Thelong-heldnotionofendorphinsbeingresponsiblefortherunner'shighisfalse.Endorphinsareeffectivepainrelievers,butonlywhenitcomestothepaininyourbodyandmusclesyoufeelafterworkingout，”PatrickLucasAustinwroteonascienceblog.Similarstudiesareyettobecarriedoutonhumans,butit'salreadywellknownthatexerciseisahighlyeffectivewaytogetridofstressoranxiety.TheUK'sNationalHealthServiceevenprescribes(開藥方)exerciseforpatientswhoaresufferingfromdepression.“Beingdepressedcanleaveyoufeelinglowinenergy,whichmightputyouoffbeingmoreactive.Regularexercisecanboostyourmoodifyouhavedepression,andit'sespeciallyusefulforpeoplewithmildtomoderate(中等的)depression，”itwroteonitswebsite.Itseemslikenothingcanbeatthatfeelingwegetafteragoodworkout,evenifwedon'tfullyunderstandwhereitcomesfrom.Atleastifwe'refeelingdown,weknowthatallwehavetodoisputonourrunningshoes.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要探究了影響運動者心情高漲的因素。9．WhatdidscientistsfromGermanuniversitiesrecentlydiscover?A．Workingoutisahighlyeffectivewaytotreatdepression.B．Therunner'shighcouldbecausedbyendocannabinoids.C．Endorphinsmaycontributetoone'shighspiritsafterrunning.D．Thelevelofendorphinsandendocannabinoidscouldaffectone'smood.解析：選B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，德國一些高校的科學家們最近發(fā)覺了跑步者心情高漲可能是由內(nèi)源性大麻素引起的，故選B。10．Thescientistsgavemicedrugsintheirexperimentto________.A．findwhatreducestherunner'shighsymptomsB．seethespecificsymptomsoftherunner'shighC．identifywhatisresponsiblefortherunner'shighD．testwhatinfluencesthelevelofendocannabinoidsreleased解析：選C推理推斷題。通過對其次段和第三段的整體理解，并結合第四段內(nèi)容可推知，科學家們在試驗中給老鼠藥物是為了確定原委是哪種物質(zhì)會引起跑步者的心情高漲，故選C。11．Theunderlinedword“notion”inParagraph7hastheclosestmeaningto“________”．A．effect B．goalC．question D．belief解析：選D詞義揣測題。依據(jù)對全文內(nèi)容的理解可知，該詞所在句子與其次段內(nèi)容呼應，并結合本句結構可推知，此處notion與believed相呼應，故選D。12．AccordingtotheUK'sNationalHealthService,regularworkouts________.A．a(chǎn)rethebestwaytotreatdepressionB．canhelpeasedepressionsymptomsC．onlyworkforthosewithseriousdepressionD．canhelppeoplecompletelyrecoverfromdepression解析：選B細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第三、四段和倒數(shù)其次段其次句Regularexercisecanboostyourmoodifyouhavedepression,andit'sespeciallyusefulforpeoplewithmildtomoderate(中等的)depression可知，常規(guī)熬煉有利于心情好轉(zhuǎn)及緩解抑郁癥狀，故選B。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Everyoneisawarethattakinggoodcareofourbodiescanpreventmanymedicalproblemsfromoccurringlater.However,weoftenhavelessawarenessofpreventativeactionsweshouldtaketohelpwithmentalhealthproblems.Whileourmentalhealthmaybefinerightnow,manyofuswillstruggleatsomepoint.__1__It'simpossibletogetthroughlifewithoutchallenges,butourmentalhealthpreventionhabitscanhelpusgetthroughdifficulttimes.__2__Keepactive.Themoreactiveyouphysically,mentallyandsociallyare,thehigherthelevelofyourmentalwellnessislikelytobe.Sogoforwalksandlearnsomethingnew.Therearemanyotherwaystobeactive.__3__Beconnected.Regularinvolvementinsocialactivitieswithsupportivefriendsandfamilyimprovesyourabilitytohandledisappointments,andeverythingelselifethrowsatyou.__4__Butyoucanbeinvolvedinanymanner;evenvolunteeringfor