Unit4HistoryandTraditionsReadingandThinking(分層作業(yè))(原卷版)

Unit4ReadingandThinking習(xí)題檢測(cè)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)自測(cè)一、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成句子1．What’stheexact________(locate)ofyourhouse?2．Anddon’tforget:weare________(surround)byanaturalplaygroundjustperfectforwalking,caving,climbingandcycling.3．Nobiographerhasbeenabletoexplainthese_________(puzzle)words.4．ManyEnglishwordsareinmon______(current)throughouttheworld.5．Whenthedoorwasopenedsuddenly,theboycoveredhisheadwithhishandsasif________defence.6．（2022·吉林·長(zhǎng)春博碩學(xué)校高一期末）Theybrokeaway________thenationalunionandsetuptheirownlocalorganization.7．Thatbicyclewhichisofthenewstylebelongs___________me.8．Itgivesyouasenseof________(achieve)ifyouactuallymakeittotheendofaverylongbook.9．（2022·福建省詔安縣橋東中學(xué)高一期中）Someoftheirgreat________(achievement)includedbulidingtownsandroads.10．Theboyaswellashisparents________(be)fondofplayingfootballeveryday.二、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思填寫(xiě)單詞11．Whattheagentsayscontradictswiththefacts.Wehavetofindmore_________(證據(jù)).12．（2023·河北·邯鄲市第三中學(xué)高一階段練習(xí)）We’retryingtoetoanarrangementaboutwhoshouldpaythe________(法律的)fees.13．（2021·河北·邯鄲市第三中學(xué)高一階段練習(xí)）Greatscientific________(成就)willhaveapositiveeffectonourlifeaswellassociety.14．（2022·浙江·吳興高級(jí)中學(xué)高一階段練習(xí)）Tiringbutrewarding,the________(軍事的)trainingimpressedmedeeply.15．（2022·廣東廣州·高一期末）Englandwas________(征服)bytheNormansin1066.學(xué)科素養(yǎng)提升三、閱讀理解A（2022·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·高一期中）Ifyou’veneverlearnedthestoriesbehindthenamesofvariousSouthAmericancountries,youmightbesurprisedbysomeoftheirhistoricalroots.EcuadorOnceuponatime,thewholeregionwherethecountryofEcuadornowexistswasnamedQuito,whichisthenameofitscurrentcapital.Thename“Quito”isanodtotheindigenous(本地的)QuitopeoplewholivedthereinpreColumbiantimes,datingbacktoasfaras2000BC．Ecuador,asweknowittoday,isSpanishfor“equator”(赤道).In1735,Frenchscientistscametomeasuretheequatorinorderto,essentially,carryoutaproxywarbetweenNewtonandDescartes.Newtonbelievedtheearthwasflattenedatthepoles,andDescartesbelieveditwassqueezedattheequator.Eventually,theFrenchpinpointedtheequatorandprovedNewtonright.VenezuelaBelieveitornot,thename“Venezuela”isactuallybelievedtobeanodtoVenice—yes,thewaterycityinItaly.Asfarasweknow,thisnamemighthaveefromItalianexplorerAmerigoVespucci.In1499,anaval(海軍的)expeditionwasexploringLakeMaracaibowhentheynoticedthedwellingsoftheindigenousAlupeople,whobuilttheirhomesonstilts(支柱)abovethewater.ThesestructuresremindedVespucciofhome(orofVenice,tobemorespecific).ArgentinaYouprobablydidn’tthinkthishadtodowithpreciousmetals,didyou?Thename“Argentina”actuallycamefromtheLatinargentum(銀),whichmeans“silver”.Inthe1520s,VenetianexplorerSebastianCabotlearnedofthemythical“SierradelaPlata”—oramountainwithajackpot’sworthofsilver.Itcouldonlybeaccessedthroughanestuary(河口)inthesouthofthecontinent,whichhenamedSilverRiver.Cabotneverdidfindthisrumoredmountain,butthenamehegavetheriverstuck,alongwith“Argentina”,orTheLandofSilver.16．WhatdidFrenchscientistsdoin1735?A．Namedtheplace. B．Carriedoutawar.C．Exploredtheregion. D．Didresearchontheequator.17．WhatcanweknowaboutVenezuela?A．It’sfarfromtheequator. B．It’smoredevelopedthanItaly.C．It’sacountrybuiltonthemountains. D．It’sconnectedwithanItalianexplorer.18．Fromwhichdidthename“Argentina”e?A．Akindofmetal. B．Alocalsong.C．Alegend. D．Amountain.B（2022·浙江·吳興高級(jí)中學(xué)高一階段練習(xí)）Irelandhashadaverydifficulthistory.Theproblemsstartedinthe16thcenturywhenEnglishrulerstriedtovanquishIreland.Forhundredsofyears,theIrishpeoplefoughtagainsttheEnglish.Finally,in1921,theBritishgovernmentwasforcedtogiveindependencetothesouthofIreland.Theresultisthattodaytherearetwo“Irelands”.NorthernIreland,inthenorth,ispartoftheUnitedKingdom.TheRepublicofIreland,inthesouth,isanindependentcountry.Inthe1840sthemaincrop,potatoes,wasaffectedbydiseaseandabout750,000peoplediedofhunger.This,andashortageofwork,forcedmanypeopletoleaveIrelandandliveintheUSA,theUK,AustraliaandCanada.Asaresult,thepopulationfellfrom8.2millionin1841to6.6millionin1851.Formanyyears,themajorityofIrishpeopleearnedtheirlivingasfarmers.Thoughmanypeoplestillfollowtheroutinenowadays,moreandmorepeoplearemovingtothecitiestoworkinfactoriesandoffices.Lifeinthecitiesisverydifferentfromlifeinthecountryside,wherethingsmoveataquieterandslowerpace.TheIrisharefamousforbeingwarmheartedandfriendly.OscarWilde,afamousIrishwriter,oncesaidthattheIrishwere“thegreatesttalkerssincetheGreeks”.Sinceindependence,Irelandhasrevived(復(fù)興)itsowncultureofmusic,language,literatureandsinging.DifferentareashavedifferentstylesofoldIrishsongswhicharesungwithoutinstruments.OtherkindsofIrishmusicusemanydifferentinstrumentssuchastheviolin,whistles,etc.19．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vanquish”inParagraph1probablymean?A．Conquer. B．Ruin. C．Protect. D．Free.20．WhydidthepopulationofIrelandoncedecreasegreatly?A．TheIrishwerekilledbytheEnglishrulers.B．TheIrishwereaffectedbyadeadlydisease.C．TheIrishwerenoteagertogivebirthtobabies.D．TheIrishsufferedfromfoodandworkshortage.21．HowdidmostIrishpeoplemaketheirliving?A．Byworkinginthefields. B．Byworkinginfactories.C．Bytradingwithothercountries. D．Byperformingmusicalinstruments.22．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．LifeinIreland B．Ireland,PastandPresentC．AVeryDifficultHistory D．TheIndependenceofIreland四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文（2022·遼寧·大連二十四中高一期中）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Undoubtedly,Britainisanationofhatwearers.Fromtakingoffhats____23____launchingmortarboards(學(xué)位帽)intheair,hatshavelongbeenassociatedwithceremoniesandpractices.Eventhehistoryofthecountrycan____24____(tell)throughhats.DatingbacktomedievalEngland,theflatcap____25____(bee)asymbolofworkingclasscultureinthe19thand20thcenturies.TheEdwardianerawas____26____goldenageofhats,whenthedecorationsbecameevenmoredelicate,rangingfromflowers,birdstofruits.Theporkpiehat,____27____st