江蘇省鎮(zhèn)江丹陽市高一下學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量檢測英語試題

高一期末質(zhì)量檢測試卷·英語第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whoremendedtheparktothewoman?A.Hermother.B.Herfather.C.Hersister.2.Whereisthewoman?A.Inthecar.B.Intheoffice.C.Inthekitchen.3.Whatsalestargetarethespeakerstryingtoachieve?A.Anincreaseof50%.B.Anincreaseof75%.C.Anincreaseof90%.4.Whatwillthemandothisweekend?A.Gooutfordinner.B.Joininavideocall.C.Lookafterhisbrother.5.WhathashappenedtoMark?A.Hehasretired.B.Hehasgotanotherjob.C.Hehasmovedtoanewhouse.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthemainideaoftheconversation?A.Thewoman'sflight.B.Theweather.C.Thepostservice.7.Whattimedidthewomangethome?A.At7：00p.m.B.At8：00p.m.C.At11：00p.m.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.WhoisTony?A.Ateacher.B.Aparent.C.Astudent.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthesummerterm?A.ItmadeTonydisappointed.B.Newtextbookswereasuccess.C.Teachingmethodsremainedthesame.10.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atameeting.B.Ataninterview.C.Ataclass.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatdoesthemanoffertodo?A.Cookmeals.B.Unpackthefood.C.Setupthetents.12.Whatdidthespeakerseatforlunch?A.Fruitandnuts.B.Chipsandcookies.C.Hamburgersandhotdogs.13.Howarethespeakersfeelingattheendoftheday?A.Fullbuttired.B.Hungrybuthappy.C.Thirstyandsad.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends.B.Roommates.C.Fellowteachers.15.WhereisAlicefrom?A.TheUS.B.China.C.TheUK.16.WhatisAlicemainlydoinginthecountry?A.Working.B.Studying.C.Traveling.17.Whatdoesthewomanplantodo?A.InviteAlicetohercountry.B.TakeAlicetovisitsomeplaces.C.HelpAlicewithherEnglish.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Asaleofkitchenequipment.B.Acookingmethod.C.Arepairserviceforkitchenequipment.19.Howlongwillthespecialofferlast?A.Forthreedays.B.Fortwoweeks.C.Foronemonth.20.Whyshouldcustomerscallsoon?A.Togetalowerprice.B.Towinaprize.C.Toavoidequipmentproblems.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AChildrenloveboatsandourCanalMuseumisagreatplacetobringthemwhatwillbebothinterestingandeducational.Theywillloveexploringthenarrowboatcabin,andtheywilllovethehorse!Children’ssummeractivitiesOnmostWednesdays,weofferspecialfunfilleddaysofactivitiesforchildren.SeetheWateryWednesdayspageformoredetails!AgeandsuitabilityWeremendthemuseumforchildrenagedsixandover.Youngerchildrenarewelebutareprobablynotoldenoughtoenjoymuseumvisits.Childrenunder14yearsmustvisitacpaniedbyanadult.TheactivityzoneTheactivityzoneisasmallareaonthegroundfloorforouryoungestvisitors.Theretheycanbuildabridge,usingthematerialsprovided,andthereisawhiteboardwithmagneticlettersandcanalrelatedimagestobeusedtocreateartisticeffects!Therearechildren’sbooks,andthingstocolourin.Cutoutmodelboatstomakeareavailablefreefromreception.Supervision(監(jiān)管)Parentsandotheradultsinchargeofchildrenshouldrememberthattheyareresponsibleforsupervisionatalltimes.Childrenshouldnotbeallowedtotourthebuildingunacpanied.Henrietta’strailHenrietta’strailisthemostexcellentjourneyaroundthemuseumledbyHenrietta,themuseum’shorse.InvariousplacesaroundthebuildingyouwillseetheimageofHenrietta.Therearefreetrailsheetsavailableatreception.Itisajourneyofdiscovery—afunwaytoexploretheexhibitionsandlearnsomethingatthesametime.1.Whatshouldyoudowhenyour7yearoldsonwantstovisitthemuseum?A.Totellhimhecan’tenjoyhimselfinthemuseum.B.ToaskhimtoreadWateryWednesdayspagefirst.C.Toaskhimtoplayallbyhimself.D.Tobewithhimwhenvisitingit.2.Whatcanchildrendointheactivityzone?A.Theycanlearntodrawpictures. B.Theycandeveloptheiroperatingability.C.Theycanbuildabridgewithwhiteboardsoffered. D.Theycangetsomebooksfornothing.3.Whichofthefollowingisthemostattractiveforchildren?A.Readingchildren’sbooks. B.Makingmodelboats.C.Beingwithparents. D.RidingHenrietta.【答案】1.D2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了一家博物館的活動安排及相關(guān)說明?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Ageandsuitability中的“Childrenunder14yearsmustvisitacpaniedbyanadult.(14歲以下兒童必須在成人陪同下參觀。)”可知，當(dāng)你7歲的兒子想?yún)⒂^博物館時，你應(yīng)該和他一起去參觀。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Theactivityzone中的“Theretheycanbuildabridge,usingthematerialsprovided,andthereisawhiteboardwithmagneticlettersandcanalrelatedimagestobeusedtocreateartisticeffects!(在那里，他們可以使用提供的材料建造一座橋，還有一塊帶有磁性字母和運河相關(guān)圖像的白板，用于創(chuàng)造藝術(shù)效果!)”可知，孩子們在活動區(qū)，兒童可以用白板搭一座橋。故選C。【3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“theywilllovethehorse(他們會喜歡馬)”以及最后一段中的“Henrietta’strailisthemostexcellentjourneyaroundthemuseumledbyHenrietta,themuseum’shorse.(亨麗埃塔的足跡是博物館最精彩的旅程，由博物館的馬亨麗埃塔帶領(lǐng)。)”可知，騎小馬亨麗埃塔對孩子最有吸引力。故選D。BThereisaconstantstrugglebetweentalentandhardwork.Thetopicof“hardworkvstalent”hasbeenresearchedbymanyscientistsandeventheydonothavetheonlyrightconclusion.Ericsson,Krampe,andTechRomerhavepointedoutthattalentisirrelevantindistant1993yet.Theyconnectedsuccesswithadeliberatepracticethatlastsforover10thousandhours.Moreover,itmustbegoaloriented,intensiveandthoughtfulforbetterresults.However,recentstudiessupportanotherviewpoint.BothMalcolmGladwell(2008)andDavidBrooks(2011)agreethatthereisnoguaranteethatapersonwithahigherIQlevelwillbemoresuccessfulinlife.Atthesametime,talentmeansnothingwithouthardworkandthisthoughtwasformulated(闡述)byStephenKingseveraldozenyearsago.Whyistalentimportant?Itgoeswithoutsayingthattherearenoequalpeopleintheworld.Evensiblings(兄弟姐妹)maylookabsolutelythesamebutbedifferentincharacterandpreferences.Thatmeansthattheirinborntalentsarevariousaswell.Forexample,ifyougather10childreninoneclassroomandteachthemthesameinformationusingasingleapproach,theresultsofthisstudyingwillbeverydifferent.Notonlytalentwillplayasignificantroleinthatbutalsoattention,desire,andevenupbringing(家庭教育).Ofcourse,ithasbeenconfirmedthatintelligenceisinheritedbutupbringingisnotlessimportant.Someparentsworkwiththeirkidsfromthefirstdayofpregnancyandthesechildrenwillshowbetterresultsthanonesleftontheirown.IfyouwishtobeebestofthebestlikeanOlympicGameschampion,talentappearstobeanecessityhere.Butifyoudesiretogetpromotionandwinthepetitionamongyoungcolleagues,hardworkanddesireareyourkeystosuccessevenifyouarenotluckytohavebeenborntalented.4.WhatisEricsson’sviewontalent?A.It’sharmful. B.It’sunimportant. C.It’sessential. D.It’shelpful.5.WhichonecanbestdescribeDavidBrooks’idea?A.Talentisofnousewithouteffort.B.Talentisuselesswithoutadesireforsuccess.C.Peopleshouldattachmoreimportancetoeffort.D.Smartpeoplearenotnecessarilymoresuccessful.6.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoexpressbymentioningparentsandchildren?A.Upbringingisasimportantastalent.B.Talentismoresignificantthandesire.C.Childrenwithagoodupbringingperformbetter.D.ChildrenfromthesamefamilyhavedifferentIQlevels.7.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?ATalentcanmakeaworldchampion.B.Talentisthedecisivefactorinsuccess.C.Essentialfactorsforsuccessvarywithgoals.D.Hardworkisenoughforpromotionintheworkplace.【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了關(guān)于天賦和勤奮之間到底哪個更重要，許多科學(xué)家都研究過，但是誰都沒有正確的結(jié)論?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Ericsson,Krampe,andTechRomerhavepointedoutthattalentisirrelevantindistant1993yet.Theyconnectedsuccesswithadeliberatepracticethatlastsforover10thousandhours.Moreover,itmustbegoaloriented,intensiveandthoughtfulforbetterresults.(Ericsson，Krampe和TechRomer指出，早在1993年，天賦還無關(guān)緊要。他們將成功與持續(xù)1萬小時以上的刻意練習(xí)聯(lián)系起來。此外，它必須是目標(biāo)導(dǎo)向的，密集和深思熟慮的更好的結(jié)果。)”可知，Ericsson認為天賦是不重要的。故選B。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“However,recentstudiessupportanotherviewpoint.BothMalcolmGladwell（2008）andDavidBrooks（2011）agreethatthereisnoguaranteethatapersonwithahigherIQlevelwillbemoresuccessfulinlife.(然而，最近的研究支持另一種觀點。MalcolmGladwell(2008)和DavidBrooks(2011)都認為，沒有人能保證擁有更高智商的人在生活中會更成功。)”可知，DavidBrooks認為聰明的人不一定會更成功。故選D。【6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段提到父母和孩子之前的內(nèi)容“Ofcourse,ithasbeenconfirmedthatintelligenceisinheritedbutupbringingisnotlessimportant.(當(dāng)然，已經(jīng)證實智力是遺傳的，但教養(yǎng)也同樣重要。)”可知，作者提到父母從小照顧孩子是為了證明教養(yǎng)和天賦等是一樣重要的。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“IfyouwishtobeebestofthebestlikeanOlympicGameschampion,talentappearstobeanecessityhere.Butifyoudesiretogetpromotionandwinthepetitionamongyoungcolleagues,hardworkanddesireareyourkeystosuccessevenifyouarenotluckytohavebeenborntalented.(如果你想成為像奧運會冠軍那樣的精英中的精英，天賦似乎是必不可少的。但是，如果你想在年輕同事的競爭中獲得晉升和勝利，即使你不是天生的天才，努力工作和欲望也是成功的關(guān)鍵。)”可知，最后一段主要告訴讀者成功的要素因目標(biāo)而異。故選C。CHouseholdchoresmightseemadrag,butresearchershavesuggestedtaskslikedusting,scrubbingfloorsandwashingthewindowsmighthelpadultstostayhealthyintooldage.WritinginthejournalBMJOpen,aSingaporebasedteamofresearcherssaidregularphysicalactivity“improvesphysicalandmentalhealth,mitigatestherisksandeffectsofchronicdiseases,andreducesfalls,immobility,dependencyandmortalityamongolderadults”.TheteamrandomlyrecruitedadultsfromthetownofYishuninSingapore,andaskedthemtopletecognitivefunctiontestsaswellasactivitiestoassesstheirphysicalcapabilities,suchasstandingupfromachairasquicklyastheycould.Participantswerealsoquizzedontheirlevelsofphysicalactivity,includingtheamountoflighthousework(suchasdusting)andheavyhousework(suchasfloorscrubbing)theydid,andwereassessedfortheirriskofhavingafallbasedonmeasuressuchaskneeextensionstrength.Thestudyinvolved249participantsaged21—64and240participantsaged6590.Mostofthosewhoreporteddoinghighlevelsofheavyorlighthouseworkwerewomen.Aftertakingintoaccountfactorsincludingage,sex,andtheamountoflighthouseworkundertaken,theteamfoundcognitivescoresandattentionscoreswere8%and14%higherrespectivelyforolderadultsdoinghighamountsofheavyhousework—onaverage131minutesaweek—paredwithlowlevels,whichappearedtoamounttononeatall.Sittostandtimeswerelowerforolderadultsreportinghighamountsofheavyhouseworkparedwithlowamounts,whiletheywerealsoassessedasbeingatlowerriskofhavingafall.Theteamalsofoundcognitivescoreswere5%higherforolderadultswhoreportedhighlevelsoflighthousework—onaveragedoing902minutesaweek—andmemoryscoreswerealsohigher,paredwiththoseundertakinglowlevelsofsuchtasks,averaging89minutesaweek.8.Whatcanwelearnfromtheresearch?A.Theresearchinvolvesparticipantsofdifferentagesworldwide.B.Doinghouseworkcanprotectoldadultsfromsufferingfromdiseases.C.Oldadultstakingonmoreheavyhouseworktendtostandupfasterthanthosedoingless.D.Womentendtodomorehouseholdchoresthanmenforhealthbenefits.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mitigates”inParagraph2mean?A.Lessens. B.Strengthens. C.Stimulates. D.Shortens.10.Howdoesthewriterdemonstratehisviewpoint?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Byshowingstatistics.C.Bypresentingtheories. D.Bystatingcausesandeffects.11.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.Toencourageoldadultstotakeonsomehouseworkforhealthbenefits.B.Toremendsomenewwaystokeepfit.C.Toclarifytheconnectionbetweenhealthanddoinghousework.D.Tointroducesomebenefitsofdoinghouseworkforoldadults.【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，家務(wù)瑣事似乎很累人，但研究人員表示，撣灰塵、擦地板和擦窗戶等任務(wù)可能有助于成年人健康長壽?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Sittostandtimeswerelowerforolderadultsreportinghighamountsofheavyhouseworkparedwithlowamounts,whiletheywerealsoassessedasbeingatlowerriskofhavingafall.(做大量家務(wù)的老年人由從坐下到站起來所花的時間比做少量家務(wù)的老年人要少，同時他們摔倒的風(fēng)險也較低。)”可知，承擔(dān)更多家務(wù)的老年人往往比那些做得少的人站得更快。故選C?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段的“improvesphysicalandmentalhealth(促進身心健康)”和“reducesfalls,immobility,dependencyandmortalityamongolderadults(減少老年人摔倒、不活動、依賴和死亡率)”可知，有規(guī)律的身體活動可以改善身心健康，減輕慢性疾病的風(fēng)險和影響，因此劃線詞mitigates的意思是“減少”，和lessen“減少”意思相近，故選A。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“Aftertakingintoaccountfactorsincludingage,sex,andtheamountoflighthouseworkundertaken,theteamfoundcognitivescoresandattentionscoreswere8%and14%higherrespectivelyforolderadultsdoinghighamountsofheavyhousework—onaverage131minutesaweek—paredwithlowlevels,whichappearedtoamounttononeatall.(在考慮了年齡、性別和輕家務(wù)量等因素后，研究小組發(fā)現(xiàn)，做大量重家務(wù)的老年人的認知得分和注意力得分分別高出8%和14%——平均每周131分鐘——相比之下，做重家務(wù)的老年人的認知得分和注意力得分較低，似乎根本沒有得分。)”和最后一段的“Theteamalsofoundcognitivescoreswere5%higherforolderadultswhoreportedhighlevelsoflighthousework—onaveragedoing902minutesaweek—andmemoryscoreswerealsohigher,paredwiththoseundertakinglowlevelsofsuchtasks,averaging89minutesaweek.(研究小組還發(fā)現(xiàn)，從事輕度家務(wù)的老年人的認知能力得分要高出5%——平均每周做902分鐘；與從事輕度家務(wù)的老年人（平均每周做89分鐘）相比，他們的記憶力得分也更高。)”可知，作者通過展示統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)來證明他的觀點，故選B。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段的“Householdchoresmightseemadrag,butresearchershavesuggestedtaskslikedusting,scrubbingfloorsandwashingthewindowsmighthelpadultstostayhealthyintooldage.(家務(wù)瑣事似乎很累人，但研究人員表示，撣灰塵、擦地板和擦窗戶等任務(wù)可能有助于成年人健康長壽。)”可知，本文主要講的是研究人員表示，撣灰塵、擦地板和擦窗戶等任務(wù)可能有助于成年人健康長壽，因此本文的目的是介紹老年人做家務(wù)的一些好處。故選D。DBillionswillbespenttryingtodealwithabargainintheapproachtoChristmas.Butascloseattentionturnstowhetherornotthedealsonofferarerealdiscounts,insteadofmarketingtricks,spareathoughtforthethousandsofextradeliveriesthatwillbemadeandtheresultingcrowdingandblockage,CO2emissions(釋放),andstressthatthisshoppingholidaycreates.Demandformoredrivershighlightsthehighlyseasonalnatureofshopping,withsimilarincreasesonMother’sDay,Valentine’sDayandtherunuptoChristmas.Althoughtheindustryisconstantlylearningfrompastmistakestobetterservecustomers,itneglectsextremelyimportantenergy,abilitytomovearoundandhealthissues.Behindthescenes,thebasicequipmentthatmakesallthisonlineshoppingpossibleishuge—theextradeliveryvansaddtoalreadycrowdedandblockedroads,anddriverssufferfromstressandtiredness.SeasonalshoppingeventslikeBlackFridayharmpeopleandtheplanet.OnemediumsizedbusinessinLondonrecentlytoldusthatroughly75%ofthegoodsreceivedbyitsfrontdeskintherunuptoChristmaswerepersonalparcels.Extremelyimportantly,inahubandspoke(輻射狀的)model,notonlydotheseparcelsarrivefromdifferentvanstravellinglongdistancesfromdifferentwarehouses,butdeliveryresultsintravellingonsomeofthemostprecious,crowdedandblockedandpollutedstreetsinLondon—simplytoserviceonlineshoppingpreferences.Atthisearlystageofthenextevolutionofshopping,itisimportantthatweconsiderthebenefitsandbroadersocietalcostsofdifferentshoppinganddeliveryoptions.Orelseweriskhardwiringinasetofexpectationsfightingwithourresponsibilitiestocutcarbonandimproveairqualityincities.12.Whatcanweknowabouttheresultofextraholidaydelivery?A.Itcreateslesspleasure. B.ItproducesmoreCO2emissions.C.Itmakespeoplecrowdintheshops. D.Itmakesthedriversearnmoremoney.13.WhatcanweinferaboutthedriversinParagraph2?A.Theyharmthepeopleandtheplanet.B.TheyareneededlessonMother’sDay.C.Theyleadtocrowdedandblockedroads.D.Theyfeelexhaustedduringtheholidayshoppingdelivery.14.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“highlights”?A.Emphasizes. B.Suggests. C.Remends. D.Challenges.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thebenefitsofholidayshopping.B.Theconcernsabouttheholidayshoppingdelivery.C.Thestressandtirednesscausedbytheholidayshopping.D.Theholidayshopping’sinfluenceonsocietyandenvironment.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了假期的配送發(fā)貨由此帶來的擁擠和堵塞、二氧化碳排放，以及給購物節(jié)日帶來的壓力，同時，作者也表達了對假日購物配送的擔(dān)憂?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Butascloseattentionturnstowhetherornotthedealsonofferarerealdiscounts,insteadofmarketingtricks,spareathoughtforthethousandsofextradeliveriesthatwillbemadeandtheresultingcrowdingandblockage,CO2emissions,andstressthatthisshoppingholidaycreates.”（但是，當(dāng)人們的密切關(guān)注轉(zhuǎn)向所提供的交易是否是真正的折扣，而不是營銷技巧時，不妨想想將會發(fā)生的數(shù)千次額外配送，以及由此帶來的擁擠和堵塞、二氧化碳排放，以及這個購物節(jié)日帶來的壓力。）可知，額外的假期配送發(fā)貨的結(jié)果是它產(chǎn)生更多的二氧化碳排放。故選B項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Althoughtheindustryisconstantlylearningfrompastmistakestobetterservecustomers,itneglectsextremelyimportantenergy,abilitytomovearoundandhealthissues.Behindthescenes,thebasicequipmentthatmakesallthisonlineshoppingpossibleishuge—theextradeliveryvansaddtoalreadycrowdedandblockedroads,anddriverssufferfromstressandtiredness.SeasonalshoppingeventslikeBlackFridayharmpeopleandtheplanet.”（雖然這個行業(yè)不斷從過去的錯誤中吸取教訓(xùn)，以更好地服務(wù)客戶，但它忽略了極其重要的能源、移動能力和健康問題。在幕后，使所有這些網(wǎng)上購物成為可能的基本設(shè)備是巨大的——額外的快遞貨車增加了本已擁擠和堵塞的道路，司機們承受著壓力和疲勞。像黑色星期五這樣的季節(jié)性購物事件傷害了人類和地球。）可知，司機們承受著壓力和疲勞，故可推斷，他們在假日購物配送期間感到精疲力竭。故選D項。【14題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中“Demandformoredrivers”（對更多司機的需求）以及設(shè)題句后“withsimilarincreasesonMother’sDay,Valentine’sDayandtherunuptoChristmas.”（在母親節(jié)、情人節(jié)和圣誕節(jié)前也有類似的增長。）故可猜測，highlights為“凸顯”的意思，即購物季凸顯了需求更多司機的問題。結(jié)合選項A.Emphasizes“強調(diào)”意思一致。故選A項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及最后一段“Atthisearlystageofthenextevolutionofshopping,itisimportantthatweconsiderthebenefitsandbroadersocietalcostsofdifferentshoppinganddeliveryoptions.Orelseweriskhardwiringinasetofexpectationsfightingwithourresponsibilitiestocutcarbonandimproveairqualityincities.”（在購物的下一步發(fā)展的早期階段，我們必須考慮不同的購物和送貨選擇的好處和更廣泛的社會成本。否則，我們就有可能抱著一套不切實際的期望，與削減碳排放和改善城市空氣質(zhì)量的責(zé)任作斗爭。）可知，文章主要講的是關(guān)于假日購物配送的擔(dān)憂。故選B項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。Groupdiscussionsareagreatwaytogetthingsdone.Youcanexploreatopic,eupwithaplanofaction,orsolveanissue,justtonameafew.____16____Don’tworry.Herearesometipsforyou.Alloweveryonetointroducethemselves.Tostartagroupdiscussion,youwillwanttomakesureeveryoneisfortable.Agoodwaytobreaktheiceistoleteveryoneintroducethemselves.Then,foraclassroomsetting,whatcouldbeabettericebreakeractivity?____17____Establishsomegroundrules.Beforelaunchingintothediscussion,makesureeveryoneknowstherulesofconduct.Rulescanbeestablishedasneeded.Herearesomegeneralones.Adviseeveryonetotreatoneanotherwithrespect.____18____Remindeveryonetobeawareoftime.Encouragepeopletoconsidertheirmentsseriously,andtoavoidbeingdefensiveifsomeonedisagrees.Explainthetopic.____19____Eveniftheparticipantsknowwhatthattopicis,givethemaquickrefresherbeforethediscussionbegins.Youcanintroducethetopicbyaskingquestions.Youcanalsoquicklyintroducetheidea.Saysomethinglike,“Asyouknow,todayinclasswe’regoingtodiscussguncontrol.”____20____Youdonotwanttoaskquestionswithasimple“yes”or“no”answer,especiallynotinitially.Yourquestionsshouldencouragepeopletosharemeaningfulthoughtsandideas.Questionscanbeconfusingtotheparticipants.Manyparticipantsmaynotknowtheanswersrightawaythemselves,soencouragethemtothinkduringdiscussion.A.Encourageeveryonetoparticipate.B.Askopenendedquestionstobegin.C.Makesurepeopleknownottointerrupt.D.Notsurehowtogetyourowngroupdiscussionstarted?E.Usually,agroupdiscussionwillbebasedaroundacentralissue.F.Youcould,forexample,haveeveryonesharetheirfavoriteicecreamflavor.G.Youmayinviteeachpersontosharewhattheyhavegotfromthediscussion.【答案】16.D17.F18.C19.E20.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了幾條關(guān)于如何開啟小組討論的建議。16題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Don’tworry.Herearesometipsforyou.(別擔(dān)心。這里有一些建議給你。)”可知，本句應(yīng)該引出文章主上旨，再結(jié)合下文的各個段首句，本文主要就如何開啟小組討論給出了兒條建議。選項D“Notsurehowtogetyourowngroupdiscussionstarted?(不知道如何開始自己的小組討論?)”引出下文，與文意一致。故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Agoodwaytobreaktheiceistoleteveryoneintroducethemselves.Then,foraclassroomsetting,whatcouldbeabettericebreakeractivity?(打破僵局的一個好方法是讓每個人做自我介紹。那么，在課堂環(huán)境中，什么是更好的打破僵局的活動呢?)”可知，空處是在給出建議，如何在課堂環(huán)境中打破僵局。選項F“Youcould,forexample,haveeveryonesharetheirfavoriteicecreamflavor.(例如，你可以讓每個人分享他們最喜歡的冰淇淋口味。)”正是介紹了一種打破僵局的方法。故選F。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Herearesomegeneralones.Adviseeveryonetotreatoneanotherwithrespect.(這里有一些基本規(guī)則。建議大家互相尊重。)”以及下文“Remindeveryonetobeawareoftime.(提醒每個人注意時間。)”可知，空處應(yīng)承接上文，也是介紹小組討論的基本規(guī)則，且形式上為祈使句。選項C“Makesurepeopleknownottointerrupt.(確保人們知道不要打斷別人。)”既符合形式，內(nèi)容也一致。故選C?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Explainthetopic.(解釋話題)”可知，本段講的是要解釋一下所給的話題?？蘸蟆癊veniftheparticipantsknowwhatthattopicis,givethemaquickrefresherbeforethediscussionbegins.(即使參與者知道這個話題是什么，也要在討論開始前讓他們快速復(fù)習(xí)一下。)”可知，空處要圍繞話題展開。選項E“Usually,agroupdiscussionwillbebasedaroundacentralissue.(通常，小組討論將圍繞一個中心問題展開。)”承上啟下，符合文意。故選E?！?0題詳解】空處為段首句，為本段中心句。根據(jù)下文“Youdonotwanttoaskquestionswithasimple“yes”or“no”answer,especiallynotinitially.Yourquestionsshouldencouragepeopletosharemeaningfulthoughtsandideas.(你不會想問一個簡單的“是”或“不是”的問題，尤其是一開始。你的問題應(yīng)該鼓勵人們分享有意義的想法和想法。)”可知，主要提出了用一些開放性問題來開啟小組討論這一建議。選項B“Askopenendedquestionstobegin.(開始時問一些開放式的問題。)”正是此意。故選B。第三部分語言運用（共三節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。IlostmysightwhenIwasfouryearsoldbyfallingoffaboxcarinagoodsyardinAtlanticCityandlandingonmyhead.NowIcandimlyrememberthe___21___ofsunshineandwhatcolorredis.Itwouldbewonderfultoseeagain,buta(n)catastrophe(災(zāi)難)candostrangethingstopeople.It___22___tometheotherdaythatImightnothaveetolovelifeasIdoifIhadn’tbeenblind.Ibelieveinlifenow.IamnotsosurethatIwouldhavebelievedinitsodeeply,otherwise.Idon’tmeanthatIwouldpreferto___23___withoutmyeyes.IsimplymeanthatthelossofthemmademeappreciatethemorewhatIhadleft.Life,Ibelieve,asksforacontinuousseriesof___24___toreality.Inspiteofthefactthattheyarenevereasy,Ihadmyparentsandteacherstohelp.ThehardestlessonIhadtolearnwastobelieveinmyself.IfIhadn’tbeenabletodothat,Iwouldhave___25___andbeeachairrockeronthefrontporchfortherestofmylife.WhenIsaybeliefinmyself,Iamnottalkingabout___26___thekindofselfconfidencethathelpsmedownan___27___staircasealone.Thatispartofit.ButImeansomethingbiggerthanthat:anassurancethatIam,despite___28___,areal,positiveperson;thatthereisaspecialplacewhereIcanmakemyself___29___.Ittookmeyearstodiscoverandstrengthenthisassurance.Ithadtostartwiththemostelementarythings.Onceamangavemeanindoorbaseball,IthoughthewaslaughingatmeandIwashurt.“Ican’tusethis.”Isaid.“Takeitwithyou,”heurgedme,“androllitaround.”Thewords___30___inmyhead.“Rollitaround!”ByrollingtheballIcouldhearwhereit___31___.ThisgavemeanideahowtoachieveagoalIhadthought___32___:playingbaseball.AtPhiladelphia’sOverbrookSchoolfortheBlindIinventedasuccessfulvariationofbaseball.Wecalleditgroundball.AllmylifeIhavesetaheadofmeaseriesofgoalsandthentriedtoachievethem,oneatatime.Ihadtolearnmy___33___.ItwasnogoodcryingforsomethingthatIknewatthestartwaswildlyoutof___34___becausethatonly___35___thebitternessoffailure.Iwouldfailsometimesanyway,butontheaverage,Imadeprogress.21.A.attraction B.brightness C.warmth D.charm22.A.struck B.happened C.occurred D.appealed23.A.choose B.stay C.go D.see24.A.changes B.references C.trials D.adjustments25.A.brokendown B.brokenup C.brokeninto D.brokenwith26.A.possibly B.simply C.frankly D.essentially27.A.unbelievable B.unstable C.unfamiliar D.unlikely28.A.fear B.imperfection C.concern D.unfairness29.A.fit B.live C.stand D.advocate30.A.stuck B.hit C.slipped D.bent31.A.stopped B.fell C.overthrew D.went32.A.reasonable B.realistic C.impossible D.potential33.A.dreams B.abilities C.limitations D.achievements34.A.control B.pity C.charge D.reach35A.proposed B.invited C.included D.abandoned【答案】21.B22.C23.C24.D25.A26.B27.C28.B29.A30.A31.D32.C33.C34.D35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述作者四歲時由于事故導(dǎo)致失明，通過一次滾球的經(jīng)歷明白了自己也能完成以前認為不可能的事情。有了自信，一生就能為自己設(shè)定一系列的目標(biāo)，然后努力一個個去實現(xiàn)它們?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在我模糊地記得陽光的明媚和紅色是什么顏色。A.attraction吸引；B.brightness亮度；C.warmth溫暖；D.charm魅力。根據(jù)開頭“IlostmysightwhenIwasfouryearsold”可知，作者四歲時失明，現(xiàn)在依稀記得陽光的“明亮”和紅色是什么樣子，這里指陽光的亮度。故選B項。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：前幾天我突然想到，如果我沒有失明，我可能不會像現(xiàn)在這樣熱愛生活。A.struck罷工；B.happened發(fā)生；C.occurred出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生；D.appealed呼吁。由后文“mightnothaveetolovelife”，可知作者在假想，此處指作者“突然想到”如果作者不是盲人，他可能不會像現(xiàn)在這樣熱愛生活。表示“想到”是occurto，為固定搭配。故選C項。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我不是說我寧愿沒有眼睛，我只是想說，失去他們讓我更加珍惜我所擁有的。A.choose選擇；B.stay停留；C.go走，去，進展；D.see看見。由后文“IsimplymeanthatthelossofthemmademeappreciatethemorewhatIhadleft.”可知，作者是并不喜歡沒有眼睛地“走下去生活”，只是失去光明，讓作者更加珍惜所擁有的。故選C項?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我相信，生活需要不斷地適應(yīng)現(xiàn)實。A.changes改變；B.references參照；C.trials嘗試；D.adjustments調(diào)整；適應(yīng)。由前文“IlostmysightwhenIwasfouryearsold”可知，作者變成了盲人，所以需要重新“調(diào)整適應(yīng)”新的生活。故選D項。【25題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：如果我不能做到相信自己，我就會崩潰，就會在輪椅上度過一生。A.brokendown崩潰，倒塌；B.brokenup分手；C.brokeninto闖進；D.brokenwith與……決裂。由上文“IfIhadn'tbeenabletodothat”可知，如果作者不相信自己，那他會“崩潰”并在輪椅上度過一生。故選A項?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我說相信自己時，我并不是僅僅談?wù)撃欠N幫我獨自走下了一段不熟悉樓梯的自信。A.possibly可能地；B.simply簡單地，僅僅；C.frankly坦白地；D.essentially本質(zhì)上地。由后文“Thatispartofit”可知，不“僅僅”只有自信能幫作者走出，這只是一部分。故選B項。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.unbelievable難以置信的；B.unstable不穩(wěn)定的；C.unfamiliar不熟悉的；D.unlikely不太可能的。由上文“selfconfidence”可知，此處指那種幫作者獨自走下了一段不熟悉樓梯的自信，此空指“不熟悉的”樓梯。故選C項?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但我指的是比這更重要的東西：自信，盡管不完美，但是真實的積極的人。A.fear害怕；B.imperfection不完美；C.concern