第8講 連詞（教師版帶答案）

第份初中語(yǔ)法講義連詞年月日 第8章連詞連詞是虛詞，起著連接詞與詞、短語(yǔ)與短語(yǔ)、句子與句子的作用，所以連詞不能獨(dú)立擔(dān)任句子的成分。連詞包括并列連詞和從屬連詞。并列連詞用來(lái)連接并列關(guān)系的詞、詞組或分句，如and，or，but，so，for，both...and，either...or，neither...nor，notonly...butalso等都是并列連詞。從屬連詞用來(lái)引導(dǎo)從句，如that，when，till，until，after，before，since，because，if，whether，though，although，so...that，sothat，inorderthat，assoonas，as...as等都是從屬連詞。本章將分別講述一些主要連詞的用法。典型例句：1.LiLeiandJimaregoodfriends.（李雷和吉姆是好朋友。）（and是并列連詞）典型例句：2.Ithinkthathehissleepy.（我想他困了。）（that是從屬連詞）1.并列連詞1.and：和，而且Ilikebasketball,footballandtabletennis.（我喜歡籃球、足球和乒乓球。）BrotherandIwenttothebookstoreyesterday.（我和哥哥昨天去了書店。）（1）and的基本用法and意為“和”“而且”，用來(lái)連接對(duì)等關(guān)系的詞與詞、短語(yǔ)與短語(yǔ)、句子與句子。Hestoodupandputonhishat.（他站起來(lái)，戴上帽子。）（and連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)）IwenttotheSummerPalaceandhewenttotheForbiddenCity.（我去了頤和園，他去了紫禁城。）（and連接兩個(gè)句子）補(bǔ)充：如果是連接三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上的單詞或詞組，and一般放在最后一個(gè)單詞或詞組前。and在譯成中文時(shí)，不一定要翻譯出“和”來(lái)。（2）and的特殊用法and用在祈使句中，句型為“祈使句，and...”，相當(dāng)于“Ifyou...,you’ll...”。

Useyourhead,andyou’llfindaway.（動(dòng)動(dòng)腦筋，你就會(huì)想出辦法來(lái)。）=Ifyouuseyourhead,you’llfindaway.（如果你動(dòng)動(dòng)腦筋，你就會(huì)想出辦法。）Hurryup,andyou’llcatchthebus.（快點(diǎn)兒，你就會(huì)趕上公共汽車。）=Ifyouhurryup,you’llcatchthebus.（如果你快點(diǎn)兒，就會(huì)趕上公共汽車。）2.or：或，或者；否則IsLiMingfromBeijingorfromShanghai?（李明來(lái)自北京還是來(lái)自上海？）Heneversmokesordrinks.（他從不吸煙，也不喝酒。）（1）or的基本用法or意為“或”，用于兩者之中選擇一個(gè)的時(shí)候。TomorIamright.（湯姆或者我是對(duì)的。）說(shuō)明：“AorB”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞隨or后面的詞（B）而定，因此例句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞服從I，用am。Areyoucomingornot?（你來(lái)還是不來(lái)？）Wouldyoulikecoffeeortea?（你想要咖啡還是茶？）（2）or的特殊用法or用于祈使句中，句型為“祈使句，or...=Ifyoudon’t...,you’ll...”，意為“請(qǐng)……，否則……”，有轉(zhuǎn)折的意思。Hurryup,oryou’llmissthebus.（快點(diǎn)兒吧，否則你就會(huì)誤了這班公共汽車。）=Ifyoudon’thurryup,you’llmissthebus.（如果你不快點(diǎn)兒，就會(huì)誤了這班公共汽車。）Turntheheatdown,orthefoodwillburn.（請(qǐng)把爐火開小些，否則食物就燒焦了。）=Ifyoudon’tturntheheatdown,thefoodwillburn.（如果你不把爐火開小些，食物就會(huì)燒焦。）Studyhard,oryou’llfailintheexam.（好好學(xué)吧，否則你就會(huì)考試不及格。）=Ifyoudon’tstudyhard,you’llfailintheexam.（如果你不努力學(xué)習(xí)，就會(huì)考試不及格。）補(bǔ)充：or疑問(wèn)句的讀法or前面的部分用升調(diào)，后面的部分用降調(diào)。3.but：但是，可是，而Heisold,buthelooksveryyoung.（他年紀(jì)大了，但他看起來(lái)很年輕。）Theycameherenotformoneybutforlife.（他們到這兒來(lái)，不是為了錢，而是為了生活。）（1）but的基本用法but意為“但是，可是，而”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。LiLilikestheviolinbutdoesn’tlikethepiano.（李莉喜歡小提琴，（但是）不喜歡鋼琴。）（but后面省略了主語(yǔ)LiLi，因?yàn)榕c前面的主語(yǔ)成分相同）Marylikestheviolin,butTomdoesn’t.（瑪麗喜歡小提琴，而湯姆不喜歡。）（doesn’t后面省略了liketheviolin，因?yàn)榕c前面的成分相同）Heisn’tateacherbutadoctor.（他不是老師，而是醫(yī)生。）說(shuō)明：在but所連接的句子中，如果but后面的某些成分與前面相同，則可以省略。（2）but的特殊用法but還可以表示“除了……以外”。Noonebutsheknewaboutitexactly.（除了她之外，沒(méi)有人確切地知道那件事。）重要：but和although不能在一起連用。Itwasraininghard,buttheywentonworking.=Althoughitwasraininghard,theywentonworking.（雖然下著大雨，但是他們?nèi)岳^續(xù)工作。）4.so和farItbegantorain,sowehadtostayhere.（開始下雨了，所以我們不得不呆在這兒。）Wecan’tgo,forit’sraining.（我們不能走，因?yàn)檎谙掠?。）?）so：所以，因此；于是；非常；也，同樣Ihadaheadache,soIwenttoseeadoctor.（我頭疼，因此我去看醫(yī)生了。）Itwastoodark,soIcouldn’tseeanything.（天太黑了，所以我什么也看不見(jiàn)。）補(bǔ)充：so作副詞時(shí)的用法so除了作連詞外，也可以作副詞。此時(shí)，so經(jīng)常有以下兩種意思：①so用于代替上面所說(shuō)的事情，意思是“如此，如是”。A:Ihopeyoucanpasstheexam.（我希望你能通過(guò)考試。）B:Ihopeso.（我希望如此。）②so用于表示達(dá)到某種程度，意思是“這么，那么”。Don’twalksofast.（別走得這么快。）（2）for：因?yàn)镮soonwenttosleep,forIwastired.（我很快就入睡了，因?yàn)槲姨哿恕＃￤eexpectedhiscoming,forhewouldbringgoodnews.（我們盼望他的到來(lái)，因?yàn)樗麜?huì)帶來(lái)好消息。）Idonotbelievehim,forhenevertellsthetruth.（我不相信他，因?yàn)樗麖膩?lái)不說(shuō)真話。）比較：for和because的區(qū)別for和because都可譯為“因?yàn)椤保珒烧呤怯袇^(qū)別的。for只表示說(shuō)明、解釋，從某一現(xiàn)象推斷出某一結(jié)果，前后并不存在因果關(guān)系。Thesunhasrisen,forthebirdsaresinging.（太陽(yáng)升起來(lái)了，因?yàn)樾▲B在唱歌。）because用于解釋某事的原因、動(dòng)機(jī)，強(qiáng)調(diào)因果關(guān)系，可用于回答why引導(dǎo)的問(wèn)句。A:Whyshouldn’tIcome?（為什么我不應(yīng)該來(lái)？）B:Becauseyou’retoobusy.（因?yàn)槟闾α恕＃?.both...and：和；既……也……Hecanplayboththeviolinandthepiano.（他既會(huì)拉小提琴，又會(huì)彈鋼琴。）BothBeijingandNewYorkhavetrafficproblems.（北京和紐約都有交通問(wèn)題。）（1）由both...and構(gòu)成的詞組作主語(yǔ)由both...and構(gòu)成的詞組作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。在“both...and”句型中，and所連接的詞或詞組要對(duì)等。It’sknownthatbothLiMingandLiLiaregoodstudents.（大家都知道李明和李莉都是好學(xué)生。）（LiMing和LiLi都是人名，兩者對(duì)等）補(bǔ)充：兩者用both，三者以上用all。Theyareallfine,too.（他們也都很好。）（all指三人以上）（2）both...and的否定句表示部分否定Hecan’tplayboththeviolinandthepiano.（他會(huì)拉小提琴或者會(huì)彈鋼琴。）（表示這兩者不全會(huì)）BothLiMingandLiLiarenotgoodstudents.（李明和李莉不都是好學(xué)生。）（表示其中一個(gè)是好學(xué)生）6.either...or，neither...norIwanttovisiteitherTianjinorShanghai.（我想去天津或者上海游玩。）IlikeneitherChinesenorEnglish.（中文和英文我全不喜歡。）（1）either...or：或……或……；不是……就是……A.由either...or構(gòu)成的詞組作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞隨其鄰近的詞，即隨or后面的主語(yǔ)而定。Eitheryouorheisright.（不是你就是他是對(duì)的。）Eithermysisterormymothercomes.（不是我妹妹就是我母親過(guò)來(lái)。）B.or前后的詞性必須一致。CanyouspeakeitherChinese（名詞）orEnglish（名詞）?（你會(huì)說(shuō)漢語(yǔ)或英語(yǔ)嗎？）Eitheryou（代詞主格）orhe（代詞主格）hastocleantheroom.（不是你就是他必須打掃房間。）C.either...or的否定句是完全否定。Eitheryouorheisn’tright.（你和他都不對(duì)。）Idon’twanttovisiteitherTianjinorShanghai.（天津和上海我都不想游覽。）例外：either...or...用于選擇兩者之中的一者，但有時(shí)候也用于在三者之中作出選擇。Youcanhaveeithercoffee,teaorjuice.（你可以要咖啡、茶或者果汁。）（2）neither...nor：既不……也不……A.由neither...nor構(gòu)成的詞組作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法和either...or的用法一樣，由其鄰近的nor后面的主語(yǔ)而定。nor前后的詞性必須一致。NeitherhenorIspeakaforeignlanguage.（他和我都不會(huì)說(shuō)外語(yǔ)。）Neitheryounorhewasselectedforthejob.（你和他都沒(méi)有被選上做這個(gè)工作。）Hecanneitherread（動(dòng)詞）norwrite.（動(dòng)詞）（他既不會(huì)讀也不會(huì)寫。）B.neither...nor本身是全否定，故不能再加not。（?）NeitheryounorIamright.（你和我都不對(duì)。）（×）NeitheryounorIamnotright.比較：both...and，either...or，neither...nor的用法比較1.肯定句：IlikebothAandB.我喜歡A和B。Ilikebothcoffeeandtea.（我喜歡咖啡和茶。/咖啡和茶我都喜歡。）2.否定句：Idon’tlikebothAandB.=IlikeeitherAorB.我喜歡A或B。Ilikeeithercoffeeortea.=Idon’tlikebothcoffeeandtea.（咖啡和茶，我喜歡其中之一。）3.否定句：Idon’tlikeeitherAorB.=IlikeneitherAnorB.A和B我都不喜歡。Idon’tlikeeithercoffeeortea.=Ilikeneithercoffeenortea.（咖啡和茶，我都不喜歡。）7.notonly...butalso：不但……而且……Notonlyyoubutalsoyourfatheriscoming.（不但你，而且你父親也要來(lái)。）Janeisnotonlybeautifulbutalsokind.（簡(jiǎn)不僅漂亮，而且人也非常好。）A.notonly...butalso意為“不但……而且……”，它構(gòu)成的詞組擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞隨鄰近的butalso后面的主語(yǔ)而定。Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherwasagainsttheplan.（不但學(xué)生們，而且老師也反對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃。）Notonlytheteacherbutalsothestudentswereagainsttheplan.（不但老師，而且學(xué)生們也反對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃。）B.notonly...butalso連接對(duì)等的詞或詞組。Inotonlyplaytennis（動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)）butalsopractiseshooting.（動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)）（我不僅打網(wǎng)球，而且還練習(xí)射擊。）Heplaysnotonlythepiano（名詞）butalsotheviolin.（名詞）（他不僅彈鋼琴，而且還拉小提琴。）TheyspeakEnglishnotonlyinclass（介詞短語(yǔ)）butalsointhedormitory.（動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)）（他們不僅在課堂上，而且在宿舍也說(shuō)英語(yǔ)。）C.notonly...butalso句型可以和aswellas互換。notonlyAbutalsoB=BaswellasA，但前者強(qiáng)調(diào)的重點(diǎn)B在butalso之后；后者強(qiáng)調(diào)的重點(diǎn)B在aswellas之前。英譯漢時(shí)，要先譯aswellas后面的詞。Thechildisnotonlyhealthybutalsolively.=Thechildislivelyaswellashealthy.（這孩子既健康又活潑。）Itconcernsnotonlymebutalsoyou.=Itconcernsyouaswellasme.（這件事不但與我有關(guān)，而且也與你有關(guān)。）8.比較notonly...butalso，aswellas和both...andA.notonly...butalso（不但……而且……）；aswellas（又，不但……而且……）；both...and（既……又……）這三個(gè)詞組有時(shí)可以通用，但也有細(xì)微差別。Thisbookisnotonlyinterestingbut(also)instructive.（這本書不但有趣而且有教育意義。）（有時(shí)butalso中的also可以省略）Thisbookisinstructiveaswellasinteresting.（這本書不但有趣而且有教育意義。）Thisbookisbothinterestingandveryinstructive.（這本書既有趣又有教育意義。）Theactorcannotonlyplaywellbutalsowritewell.（這位演員不但戲演得好，而且字寫得也很好。）重要：notonlyAbutalsoB=BaswellasA=bothAandB不僅……而且……也Theactorcanwritewellaswellasplay.（這位演員不但戲演得好，而且字寫得也很好。）Theactorcanbothplayandwritewell.（這位演員演技和書法都很好。）Notonlyhebutalsohismotherwillbethere.（不但他，而且他的媽媽也要去那里。）Hismotheraswellashewillbethere.（不但他，而且他的媽媽也要去那里。）Bothheandhismotherwillbethere.（他和他的媽媽都要去那里。）補(bǔ)充：both...and...的反義短語(yǔ)為neither...nor或noteither...or，意為“既不……也不……”。B.notonlyAbutalsoB=BaswellasANotonlyyoubutalsomybrotherisgoingtovisitthemuseumagain.=Mybrotheraswellasyouisgoingtovisitthemuseumagain.（不但你而且我哥哥也打算再去參觀一下這個(gè)博物館。）（注意you和mybrother的位置）說(shuō)明：雖然notonly...butalso和aswellas句型的語(yǔ)序不同，但譯文一樣，強(qiáng)調(diào)的重點(diǎn)一樣。Notonlythesonsbutalsotheirfatherlikesplayingcomputergames.=Thefatheraswellashissonslikesplayingcomputergames.（不但他的兒子們連他也喜歡玩電腦游戲。）C.notonly...butalso句型的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞隨butalso后面的主語(yǔ)而定，而aswellas的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞隨aswellas前面的主語(yǔ)而定。NotonlyMr.Linbutalsohisparentsjoinintheparty.（不但林先生，而且他的父母也參加聚會(huì)。）Mr.Linaswellashisparentsjoinsintheparty.（不但林先生的父母，而且林先生也參加宴會(huì)。）（注意這兩句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式）2.從屬連詞1.thatthat引導(dǎo)名詞性從句（主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句）和定語(yǔ)從句。在這里只講解that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。Ithink(that)helikesfootball.（我認(rèn)為他喜歡足球。）Hesaid(that)hewouldcome.（他說(shuō)他要來(lái)。）A.that在賓語(yǔ)從句、間接引語(yǔ)中可以省略，主句與從句的時(shí)態(tài)一致。Ithink(that)heistired./Ithought(that)hewastired.（我認(rèn)為他累了。）Hesays(that)heislate./Hesaid(that)hewaslate.（他說(shuō)他遲到了。）注意：要特別注意主句與從句時(shí)態(tài)的呼應(yīng)。如果主句是過(guò)去時(shí)，從句也用過(guò)去時(shí)。B.如果主句的動(dòng)詞是think，believe等，主句的主語(yǔ)是第一人稱，變?yōu)榉穸ň鋾r(shí)，要否定主句，但譯成中文時(shí)，則要譯為否定從句。Ibelieve(that)youwillleavehere.（我相信你會(huì)離開這兒的。）Idon’tbelieve(that)youwillleavehere.（我相信你不會(huì)離開這兒的。）補(bǔ)充：常見(jiàn)省略that的賓語(yǔ)從句如下：Ihope(that)...我希望……besure(that)...確信……Ithink(that)...我認(rèn)為……beglad/happy(that)...很高興……Isay(that)...我說(shuō)……beworried(that)...擔(dān)心……Iknow(that)...我知道……beafraid(that)...恐怕……2.when，while，since，after，before，as和assoonaswhen，while，since，after，before，as，assoonas等是連接時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞。在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中要特別注意時(shí)態(tài)的搭配：當(dāng)主句是將來(lái)時(shí)時(shí)，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Whenhearrivesthere,hewillcallyou.（他到達(dá)那兒以后，會(huì)給你打電話。）WhenIarrivedthere,itwasraining.（當(dāng)我到那兒時(shí)，天正在下雨。）Ienteredtheroomwhen/whileLiMingwastalkingwithher.（我進(jìn)屋時(shí)，李明正在和她談話。）重要：while所引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞只能是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，不能用終止性動(dòng)詞如begin，stop等。WhileIread,shesang.（我在看書時(shí)，她在唱歌。）IhavelearnedmorethantwothousandEnglishwordssinceIbeganleaningEnglishtwoyearsago.（自從兩年前我開始學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)以來(lái)，我已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了兩千多個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞。）說(shuō)明：since引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)過(guò)去時(shí)的句子，說(shuō)明自當(dāng)時(shí)以來(lái)到現(xiàn)在（自從兩年前以來(lái)），主句一般要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。HecametoChinaafterthewarwasover.=ThewarwasoverbeforehecametoChina.=ThewarhadbeenoverbeforehecametoChina.（戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束后，他來(lái)到中國(guó)。）比較：連詞所連接的從句不同，意思不同。HehadbeeninChinabeforethewarwasover.（戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束前，他已經(jīng)在中國(guó)了。）IsawherasIwasshopping.（我購(gòu)物的時(shí)候看見(jiàn)了她。）3.till/untiltill和until既可以是從屬連詞，也可以是介詞；它們后面可以跟一個(gè)句子也可以跟名詞或詞組。另外，句中（如果是主從復(fù)合句，則主句）的動(dòng)詞若是終止性動(dòng)詞，則要用否定式。例1：Hestayedtheretill/untilhismothercameback.（他一直呆在那里直到他媽媽回來(lái)。）例2：Hedidn’tfinishhishomeworktill/untilhismothercameback.（直到他媽媽回來(lái)，他才做完作業(yè)。）說(shuō)明：上例1中的till/until是連詞，句中的stay是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。這句話的隱含意思是“他媽媽回來(lái)之前他一直在等”，亦即“他媽媽一回來(lái)他就不等了”。上例2中的till/until是連詞，連接從句hismothercameback。因?yàn)閒inish是終止性動(dòng)詞，故用否定式。此句的隱含意思是“他媽媽回來(lái)之前他沒(méi)完成作業(yè)”。Canyouwaittill/untilIcomeback?（你能等到我回來(lái)嗎？）Wewon’tworkuntil/tillourteacherteachesushowtodoit.（老師教給我們?nèi)绾巫鲞@個(gè)工作之后，我們才會(huì)開始做。）Ididn’tgotosleepuntil/tillIfinishedmyhomework.（直到我做完作業(yè)，我才上床睡覺(jué)。）補(bǔ)充：Itdidn’tstoprainingtill/untilmidnight12o’clock.（直到午夜（12點(diǎn)），雨才停。）（這是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句，till和until是介詞，stop是終止性動(dòng)詞，故用否定式）4.becausebecause意為“因?yàn)椤保捎脕?lái)連接原因狀語(yǔ)從句。Shedidn’tgothere,becauseshewasill.（因?yàn)樗×?，所以沒(méi)去那兒。）Ididitbecausemymothertoldmeto.（因?yàn)閶寢尫愿牢胰プ鲞@件事，所以我才做的。）A.回答Why問(wèn)句時(shí)，只能用because，不能用for或as。A:Whyareyoulate?（你為什么遲到？）B:BecauseImetatrafficaccidentonmywayhere.（因?yàn)樵趤?lái)這兒的路上，我遇到了交通事故。）Asitisraining,let’sstayathome.（因?yàn)橄掠?，我們就留在家里吧。）（as用于表示理由是已知的，多用于句首）I’llfollowhisadvice,forheisadoctor.（我會(huì)聽(tīng)從他的勸告，因?yàn)樗轻t(yī)生。）（for不用于句首，而用于主句之后，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明理由）B.漢語(yǔ)中，我們經(jīng)常說(shuō)“因?yàn)椤浴?，但在英文中有了because，就不能再用so。（?）Becausehewastired,hecouldn’twalkthere.（因?yàn)樗哿?，所以他不能走到那兒了。）（×）Becausehewastired,sohecouldn’twalkthere.5.if和though/althoughIfanyonecalls,tellthemIamnotathome.（如果有人打電話來(lái)，就說(shuō)我不在家。）ThoughIwastired,Istillworkedhard.（雖然我很累，可是我仍然努力地工作。）A.if意為“如果”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。IfitisnecessaryIwillcomeatonce.（如果有必要，我會(huì)馬上來(lái)。）注意：注意時(shí)態(tài)一致，和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句一樣，如果主句是將來(lái)時(shí)，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Youwillpasstheexamifyouworkhard.（如果你努力學(xué)習(xí)，你會(huì)通過(guò)考試的。）B.though/although意為“雖然”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。Though/AlthoughIlivenearthesea,I’mnotagoodswimmer.（?）Ilivenearthesea,butI’mnotagoodswimmer.（×）Though/AlthoughIlivenearthesea,butI’mnotagoodswimmer.說(shuō)明：如果句子中用了though或although（雖然），就不能再用but（但是）。6.so...thatso...that意為“如此/太……以至于……”，that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。若that后面的從句是否定句的話，可以用too...to句型。Heissooldthathecan’twork.=Heistoooldtowork.（他太老了，不能工作。）TheboxissoheavythatIcan’tfitit.=Theboxistooheavyformetofit.（箱子太沉了，我抬不起來(lái)。）Thegirlissobeautifulthateverybodylikesher.（這個(gè)女孩太漂亮了，每個(gè)人都喜歡她。）CommonMistakes（注意！失分陷阱！）陷阱例題①__________Tom__________MaryspeaksgoodChinese,sotheycancommunicatewiththeseChinesestudentsverywell.【江西中考】A.Neither;norB.Notonly;butalsoC.Both;andD.Either;or句意提示：湯姆和瑪麗都能說(shuō)很流利的漢語(yǔ)，所以他們能夠很好地和這些中國(guó)學(xué)生交流。陷阱追擊：notonly...butalso構(gòu)成的詞組擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞隨butalso后面的部分而定，如果對(duì)這個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)掌握的不好，就會(huì)誤選C。正確解析：根據(jù)句意可知是兩者都，又因?yàn)橹^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是單數(shù)形式，故正確答案為B。陷阱例題②__________Switzerlandisverysmall,__________itisthelandofwatchanditisveryrich.A.Though;butB.Because;soC.Because;/D.Though;/句意提示：雖然瑞士很小，但它卻是手表之國(guó)，非常富有。陷阱追擊：在表達(dá)“盡管……但是……”時(shí)，though與but兩者不能同時(shí)使用，選D項(xiàng)最恰當(dāng)?？忌菀渍`選A。正確解析：本題考查though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，正確答案為D。陷阱例題③Thebabyisonlyoneyearold,sohecan’tspeak__________write.A.andB.orC.soD.but句意提示：這個(gè)嬰兒才一歲大，所以他不會(huì)說(shuō)也不會(huì)寫。陷阱追擊：在否定句中，要用or代替and，如果不清楚這種用法，就會(huì)選錯(cuò)答案。正確解析：由題意可知，應(yīng)用表示并列的連詞，正確答案為B。陷阱例題④A:I’mgoingtoHangzhouforaholidaythisweekend.B:__________youarethere,canyoubuymesomegreentea?A.BecauseB.WhileC.IfD.Though句意提示：A：這周末我要去杭州度假。B：你在那兒的時(shí)候可以幫我買些綠茶嗎？陷阱追擊：本題考查從屬連詞的意義及用法，若分辨不清則容易誤選。正確解析：if表示假設(shè)，while引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)題意可知，正確答案為B。FinalCheck（實(shí)力測(cè)驗(yàn)）1.用括號(hào)中適當(dāng)?shù)倪B詞填空1.Tom__________(or,but,and)Jimarebrothers.2.LiMingdoesn’tlikeoranges,__________(for,but,or)Emidoes.3.Isthisbagyours__________(and,or,so)Jane’s?4.BothNancy__________(and,or,nor)Ellenplaythepiano.5.EitherBill__________(and,or,nor)Tomatethecake.6.NeitherMike__________(and,or,nor)RoselikesEnglish.7.__________(If,When,Because)hecamehome,hisfatherwaswatchingTV.8.I’llvisitmyuncle__________(when,if,after)it’sfinetomorrow.9.Bobstayedathome__________(because,if,before)hewassick.10.Hermothertriedtodosomething,__________(so,because,but,that)shecouldn’tdoanything.11.Wecandogreatthingsforourtown__________(if,but,what,before)weworktogether.12.Ithinkyou’velearnedalotinChina__________(before,since,if,that)youcamehere.13.Gotoseethedoctoratonce,__________(or,and,so)yourcoldmaygetworse.14.Whichdoyoulikebetterthecat__________(or,and,but)thedog?15.Somepeoplewastefood__________(while,when,because)othershaven’tenough.2.用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空thatwhatwhichwhohowwhywhetherwhenhowlonghowmany1.Iwanttoknow__________theyarepreparingfor.2.Pleasetellhim__________thetrainwillarrive.Iwanthimtocometothestationtomeetme.3.Canyoutellme__________hewillcomeornot?4.Idon’tknow__________heisalwayslate.Hishouseisnotfarawayfromhere.5.Canyoutellme__________lessonisthemostdifficultinBookV?6.Idon’tknow__________hecoulddrawapictureinfiveminutes.Hemusthaveagoodway.7.Hedidn’tknow__________hismotherwasill.8.Doyouknow__________hasbrokentheglass?9.Idon’tknow__________booksheboughtyesterday.10.Canyoutellme__________heisgoingtostaythere?3.改錯(cuò)（每題只有一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤）1.Themeetingcanstartassoonastheheadmasterwillarrive._______________________________________________________________________________2.I’lltellMrs.Lithenewswhenshecome._______________________________________________________________________________3.Themanwenttoworkuntiltheboyfeltwell._______________________________________________________________________________4.Althoughhehaslivedinthecityforalongtime,buthedoesn’tknowmanypeople._______________________________________________________________________________5.Becausehewasill,sohedidn’tgotoschool._______________________________________________________________________________6.Whilehegoesthere,hewilltellyousomethingaboutourschool._______________________________________________________________________________7.WhileIwillbeaway,canyouhelpmygrandmawiththehousework?_______________________________________________________________________________8.Whatwillyouwanttodoifyouarefree?_______________________________________________________________________________9.Mysisterismuchmorebeautifulthenyousister._______________________________________________________________________________10.Physicsissoimportantasmaths._______________________________________________________________________________11.WehavestudiedEnglishforaboutsixyearssinceIhavebecomeamiddleschoolstudent._______________________________________________________________________________12.Bothyouandyoursisterstudieshard._______________________________________________________________________________13.Notonlywebutalsoshearegoingtothemovies._______________________________________________________________________________14.EitherheorIaretogo._______________________________________________________________________________15.Motheraswellasfatherloveus._______________________________________________________________________________4.漢譯英（提示：第6題至第11題請(qǐng)用till或until）1.我太累了，一步也走不動(dòng)了。_______________________________________________________________________________2.這個(gè)釘子太小了，她看不見(jiàn)。_______________________________________________________________________________3.他跑得太快了，我追不上他。_______________________________________________________________________________4.這個(gè)房子太大了，我很容易就找到了。（兩種譯法）（1）___________________________________________________________________________（2）___________________________________________________________________________5.我們已經(jīng)盡力去做了，所以我們希望成功。_______________________________________________________________________________6.我一直等到六點(diǎn)。（我一直等到他六點(diǎn)鐘回來(lái)。）_______________________________________________________________________________7.他在那里一直學(xué)習(xí)到午夜。_______________________________________________________________________________8.直到我們老師解釋了，我才知道它是什么意思。_______________________________________________________________________________9.直到那時(shí)我才知道它的意思。_______________________________________________________________________________10.直到鈴響你才能離開這間屋子。_______________________________________________________________________________11.直到我讀了我媽媽的長(zhǎng)信，我才知道她是多么愛(ài)我。_______________________________________________________________________________12.這些問(wèn)題太難了，我們都不能回答。（兩種譯法）（1）___________________________________________________________________________（2）___________________________________________________________________________13.我一得到他的答復(fù)就給你打電話。_______________________________________________________________________________14.雖然她今天不舒服，但是她還是像往常一樣上學(xué)去了。（兩種譯法）（1）___________________________________________________________________________（2）___________________________________________________________________________15.我將盡快把書還給圖書館。_______________________________________________________________________________16.你在來(lái)我家之前給我打個(gè)電話。_______________________________________________________________________________KEYS:1.1.and2.but3.or4.and5.or6.nor7.When8.if9.because10.but11.if12.since13.or14.or15.while2.1.what2.when3.whether4.why5.which6.how7.that8.who9.howmany10.howlong3.1.willarrive→arrives（解說(shuō)：assoonas引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。）2.come→comes3.went→didn’tgo或until→after4.刪去Although或but（解說(shuō)：在英語(yǔ)中，although和but這兩個(gè)詞一定不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在同一個(gè)句子中。）5.刪去Because或so（解說(shuō)：在英語(yǔ)中，because和so也不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)句子中。）6.While→When（解說(shuō)：while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句強(qiáng)調(diào)“在（動(dòng)作進(jìn)行）的過(guò)程中”，顯然不符合句意。）7.willbe→am8.will→do（解說(shuō)：“想做某事”自然是指將要做的動(dòng)作，用want的將來(lái)時(shí)顯然不對(duì)。）9.then→than10.so→as（解說(shuō)：(not)so...as...只能用于同級(jí)比較的否定結(jié)構(gòu)中。）11.havebecome→became（解說(shuō)：since的意思是“自從……以來(lái)”，因此這個(gè)時(shí)間從句需用過(guò)去時(shí)。）12.studies→study（解說(shuō)：注意主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的一致關(guān)系。這句話的主語(yǔ)是you和yoursister。）13.are→is（解說(shuō)：在notonly...butalso...句型中，主謂一致遵循“就近原則”，在這句話中，謂語(yǔ)緊接在she之后，應(yīng)該與she保持一致。）14.are→am（解說(shuō)：句型either...or...的主謂一致也遵循“就近原則”。）15.love→loves（解說(shuō)：這個(gè)句子的主語(yǔ)只有Mother一個(gè)詞，而與aswellas連用的father不是主語(yǔ)的組成部分。）4.1.IwassotiredthatIcouldnotmoveanyfarther.2.Thenailissosmall(that)shecan’tseeit.3.HeransofastthatIcouldnotcatchupwithhim.4.(1)ThehousewassobigthatIcouldfinditeasily.(2)ItwassuchabighousethatIcouldfinditeasily.5.Wehavedoneourbest,sothatweexpecttosucceed.6.Iwaitedtillsix.(Iwaitedtillhecamebackatsix.)7.Hestudiedthereuntilmidnight.8.Ididn’tknowwhatitmeantuntil/tillourteacherexplained.9.Ididn’tknowitsmeaninguntil/tillthattime.10.Youarenotallowedtoleavethisroomtillthebellrings.11.Ididn’tknowhowmuchmymotherlovedmeuntilIreadherlongletter.12.(1)Thesequestionsweretoodifficultforustoanswer.(2)Thesequestionsweresodifficultthatwecouldn’tanswerthem.13.I’llcallyouassoonasIgetananswerfromhim.14.(1)Althoughshewasnotwelltoday,shewenttoschoolasusual.(2)Shewasnotwelltoday,butshewenttoschoolasusual.15.Iwillreturnthebooktothelibraryassoonaspossible.16.Pleasecallmebeforeyoucometomyhouse.

【課后練習(xí)】連詞練習(xí)（一）Choosethebestanswer:()1.Theywerelaterforschool________theymissedthe7:00bus.A.when B.because C.though D.sothat()2.Mikedidsomethingwrong,_______theheadmasteristalkingwithhim.A.soB.but C.andD.or()3.Jimhasbeeninthefactoryfortwoyears_______heleftschool.A.whenB.since C.assoonasD.whether()4.Mikeisgoodatplayingbasketball_______Brucedoeswellinfootball.A.whenB.until C.sinceD.while()5.–Excuseme.Doyouhaveatablefortwo?--I’msorry,______therearen’tanyseatsnow.Wouldyoumindwaitingforawhile?A.butB.and C.orD.so()6.Stopcuttingtrees,_______theearthwillbecomeworseandworse.A.andB.but C.orD.then()7.Doyouwanttostayathome_______goshoppingwithus?A.andB.but C.orD.so()8.Darling,_______youlikethismobilephone,let’stakeit.A.after B.though C.nowthat D.before()9.Hewasridingtoschool_______hewashitbyacarthismorning.A.while B.when C.since D.so()10.Heaskedme________IpreferredMcDonaldorKFC.A.if B.whether C.weather D.that()11.Thesongwas_______old_______fewyoungpeoplecouldsing.A.enough;toB.so;that C.as;asD.too;to()12.Mr.BrownknowslittleJapanese,_______hecan’tunderstandtheinstructionsonthebottleofthepills.A.so B.or C.butD.for()13.Ican’ttellyouthesecret________youpromisethatyouwillkeepitbetweenus.A.if B.but C.unlessD.whether()14.__________thesoldiers_________thecaptainhavebeentoGreecebefore.A.Both…and B.Notonly…butalso C.Neither…nor D./….aswellas()15._______mymother________mysisterwatchesfootballgamesthesedays.A.Either;nor B.Both;and C.Neither;norD.Neither;or()16.Mr.SmithisanEnglishteacher_______willteachusEnglishnextterm.A.orB.and C.but D.so()17.Imaylive_______inahotel_______inafriend’shouse.A.both;andB.either;or C.neither;nor D.between;and()18.I’msorry,_______Ican’thelpyouwithyourhomework.You’dbetterdoityourself.A.andB.butC.orD.then()19.Thiscoatwillnotlosecolour________it’swashed.A.untilB.tillC.beforeD.after()20.Ithinkweshouldgetthisliquidcrystalcomputer,_______itwon’ttakeupmorespace.A.butB.although C.becauseD.so()21.Stopsmoking,_______youwillgetbettersoon.A.andB.or C.that D.after()22.Graydidn’trecognize(認(rèn)識(shí))hisoldclassmate________hewastoldhername.A.whenB.unless C.soD.until()23.Iwasabouttoleavetheoffice_______thetelephonerang.A.whenB.afterC.beforeD.while()24.ThereweresomanybeautifuldressesthatIdidn’tknow_______tochoose. A.whereB.whichC.how D.why()25.Thisisnotmybook.Doyouknow_______itis?A.what B.which C.who D.whose()26.Johnfellasleep________hewaslisteningtothemusic.A.afterB.beforeC.whileD.assoonas()27.Takethisdictionarywithyou_________youmayuseitinclass.A.sothat B.inordertoC.althoughD.when()28.WeboughtMaryapairofsunglassesasherbirthdaypresent,_______shedidn’tlikeit.A.andB.butC.orD.so()29.Itwasverylate,_______thestudentsstillwentonrepairingtheirdesksandchairs.A.and B.or C.soD.but()30._______theladywasveryrich,shealwaysfeltunhappy.A.Unless B.Though C.If D.Because()31.Thoughweteachershave_______money_______time,weshouldstillberesponsibleforthestudents.A.both;and B.neither;nor C.either;orD.not;but()32.Iwon’tbelieveyou_______Iseeitwithmyowneyes.A.if B.when C.untilD.while()33.Imustfinishthework_______Igohome.A.before B.when C.untilD.if()34.Haveyoueverreadthebook“HarryPotter”________waswrittenbyJ.KRowling?A.that B.when C.whoD.what()35.Bobgoestoahealthclub_____________hecankeephimselfstrong.A.sothat B.although C.because D.since()36.Thebigclean-upbegan_________thetyphoonpassedaway.A.assoonas B.since C.until D.though()37.Surftheinternet,________you’llgettheinformationthatyouneed.A.andB.orC.butD.although()38._______hasgotaticketforSunday’seveningshowluckily.A.Everyofus B.EachofusC.Allofthestudents D.Noneofthestudents()39.----Wouldyouliketogohikingwithme,Susan?----I’dliketo,_______youdon’twanttogoalone.A.until B.before C.if D.after()40.----WhichofthetwoEnglishdictionarieswillyoubuy?----Iwillbuy_____ofthem,soIcangiveonetomyfriend,Helen.A.either B.neither C.both D.all()41.Thegirlsasked_______theytooksomefoodanddrinkwiththem.

A.if B.that C.what D.who(

)42._____Tom_____Maryisbusy.You’dbetterplaywithothers.

A.Both,and

B.Neither,nor

C.Either,or

D.Notonly,butalso

(

)43.Ishallneverforgetthedays________Ispentwithyou.A.which B.when C.who D.where(

)44.Theexpert_________visitedourschoolisfromAustralia.A.which B.who C.whereD.when(

)45.Nicotine(尼古丁)isadrug________getsoneintothehabitofsmoking.A.it B.who C.that D.when(

)46.Welovespring_______therearebeautifulflowerseverywhere.A.although B.because C.but D.or(

)47.MaryorderedanMP3playerfrominternet______