2003年職稱英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試綜合類B級(jí)試題及答案

2003年職稱英語(yǔ)等級(jí)考試綜合類B級(jí)試題及答案第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)（第1~15題，每題1分，共15分）

下面共有15個(gè)句子，每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)畫有底橫線，請(qǐng)從每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與畫線部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。答案一律涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。

1Thehigh-speedtrainscanhaveamajorimpactontravelpreferences.

AforceBinfluenceCsurpriseDpower

2Canyoufollowtheplot?

AchangeBinvestigateCwriteDunderstand

3Eveninahighlymodernizedcountry,manualworkisstillneeded.

AphysicalBmentalCnaturalDhard

4Inthelattercasetheoutcomecanbeseriousindeed

AresultBjudgmentCdecisionDevent

5NormanBlameyisanartistofdeepconvictions.

AstatementsBbeliefsCsuggestionsDclaims

6Uptonow,theworkhasbeeneasy.

ASoBSolongCSothatDSofar

7Thereportadvocatedsettingupdaytrainingcolleges.

AsupposedBexcitedCsuggestedDdiscussed

8Accordingly,anumberofothermethodshavebeenemployed

AThereforeBAfterwardsCHoweverDFurthermore

9Theoutlookfromthetopofthemountainisbreathtaking.

AviewBsightClookDpoint

10Ourlivesareintimatelyboundupwiththeirs.

AtenselyBnearlyCcarefullyDclosely

11Theunionrepresentativeputacrossherargumentveryeffectively.

AexplainedBinventedCconsideredDaccepted

12Hetalkstoughbuthasatenderheart.

AheavyBstrongCkindDwild

13Itisnousedebatingtherelativemeritsofthispolicy.

AmakingBtakingCdiscussingDexpecting

14Ourstatisticsshowthatweconsumeallthatwearecapableofproducing

AwasteBbuyCuseDsell

15Thefueltankshadacapacityof140liters.

AfunctionBabilityCpowerDvolume

第2部分：閱讀判斷（第16~22題，每題1分，共7分）

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷。如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上把A涂黑；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上把B涂黑；如果該句的信息文章中沒(méi)有提及，請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上把C涂黑

APayRiseorNot?

“UnlessIgetarise,I’llhaveatalkwiththeboss,HenryManley,”GeorgeStrongsaidtohimself.Georgelikedhisjobandhelikedthetownhelivedin,buthiswifekepttellinghimthathispaywasnotenoughtomeettheneedsofthefamily.ThatwaswhyhewasthinkingoftakingajobinBirmingham,anearbycityabout50milesaway.Hehadbeenofferedajobinafactorythere,andthepaywasfarbetter.

GeorgelivedinWyeford,amedium-sizedtown.Hereallylikedtheplaceanddidn’tliketheideaofmovingsomewhereelse,butifhetookthejobinBirmingham,hewouldhavetomovehisfamilythere.

HenryManleywasthemanagerofasmallcompanymanufacturingelectricmotors.Thecompanywasindeeptroublebecause,amongotherreasons,theJapaneseweresellingsuchthingsatverylowprices.Asaresult,Manleyhadtocuthisownpricesandprofitsaswell.Otherwisehewouldnotgetanyordersatall.Eventhen,orderswerestillnotcominginfastenough,sothattherewasnomoneyforraises(加工資)forhisworkers.Somehow,hehadtostrugglealongandkeephisbestworkersaswell.Hesighed.Justthenthephonerang.

HissecretarytoldhimthatGeorgeStrongwantedtoseehimassoonaspossible.Manleysighedagain.Hecouldguesswhatitwasabout.GeorgeStrongwasaveryyoungengineer.Thecompanyhadnofutureunlessitcouldattractandkeepmenlikehim.Manleyrubbedhisforehead(前額);hisproblemsseemedendless.

16HenryManleywasalreadydeeplyindebt.

ArightBWrongCNotmentioned

17ThejobthathadbeenofferedtoGeorgeStronginBirminghampaidbetter.

ArightBWrongCNotmentioned

18IfGeorgeStrongtookthejobinBirmingham,hewouldhavetoleavehisfamilyinWyeford.

ArightBWrongCNotmentioned

19HenryManley’scompanywasindeeptrouble.

ArightBWrongCNotmentioned

20HenryManley’scompanywasmakingenoughprofitstoraisetheworkers’wages.

ArightBWrongCNotmentioned

21HenryManleyhadnoideaatallwhyGeorgeStrongwantedtoseehim.

ArightBWrongCNotmentioned

22GeorgeStrongwasaverycreativeengineer.

ArightBWrongCNotmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子（第23~30題，每題1分，共8分）

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：（1）第23~26題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第2,3,5和6段每段選擇1個(gè)正確的小標(biāo)題；（2）第27~30題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇4個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)，分別完成每個(gè)句子。請(qǐng)將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。

KeepingCutFlowers

1Whileeverybodyenjoysfreshcutflowersaroundhishouse,fewpeopleknowhowtokeepthemforaslongaspossible.Thismaybedonebykeepinginmindafewsimplefacts.

2Animportantthingtorememberaboutcutflowersisthattheyaresensitivetotemperature.Forexample,studieshaveshownthatcutcarnations(康乃馨)retaintheirfreshnesseighttimeslongerwhenkeptat12oCthanwhenkeptat260c.Keepingfreshlyharvestedflowersattherighttemperaturesisprobablythemostimportantaspectofflowercare.

3Flowersarenotintendedbynaturetoliveverylong.Theirbiologicalpurposeissimplytoattractbirdsorinsects,suchasbees,forpollination(授粉).Afterthat,theyquicklydryupanddie.Theprocessbywhichflowersconsumeoxygenandproducecarbondioxide(二氧化碳),calledrespiration(呼吸),generatestheenergytheflowerneedstogivethefloweritsshapeandcolour.Themakingofseedsalsodependsonthisenergy.Whilealllivingthingsrespire,flowershaveahighlevelofrespiration.Aresultofallthisrespirationisheat,andforflowersthelevelofheatrelativetothemassoftheflowerisveryhigh.Respirationalsobringsabouttheeventualdeathoftheflower.Thusthegreaterthelevelofrespiration,thesoonertheflowerdies.

4How,then,tocontroltherateatwhichflowersdie?Bycontrollingrespiration.Howisrespirationcontrolled?Bycontrollingtemperature.Weknowthatrespirationproducesheat,butthereverseisalsotrue.Thusbymaintaininglowtemperatures,respirationisreducedandthecutflowerwillagemoreslowly.

5Anothervitalfactorinkeepingcutflowersisthequalityofthewaterinwhichtheyareplaced.Flowersfinditdifficultto“drink”waterthatisdirtyorotherwisepolluted.Evenwhenwaterlooksandsmellsclean,italmostcertainlycontainsharmfulsubstancesthatcanendangertheflowers.Toridthewateroftheseunwantedsubstances,householdchlorinebleach(含氯漂白劑)canbeusedinsmallquantities.Itisrecommendedthat15dropsofchlorinebleach(at4%solution)beaddedtoeachlitreofwater.Thewaterandsolutionshouldalsobereplacedeachday.

23Paragraph2__________________

24Paragraph3__________________

25Paragraph4__________________

26Paragraph5__________________

27Afewsimplefactswillhelpyoukeepcutflowers_______________

28Respirationplaysakeyrole________________

29Theagingofcutflowerscanbesloweddown_________________

30Anotherimportantwaytoprolongthelifeofcutflowersis____________________

第4部分：閱讀理解（第31~45題，每題3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題，每道題后面有4個(gè)選項(xiàng)。請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容，從每題所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇個(gè)最佳答案，涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。

第一篇NewFoodsandtheNewWorld

Inthelast500years,nothingaboutpeople---nottheirclothes,ideas,orlanguages—haschangedasmuchaswhattheyeat.Theoriginalchocolatedrinkwasmadefromtheseedsofthecocoatree（可可樹(shù)）bySouthAmericanIndians.TheSpanishintroducedittotherestoftheworldduringthe1500’s.Andalthoughitwasveryexpensive,itquicklybecamefashionable.InLondon,shopswherechocolatedrinkswereservedbecameimportantmeetingplaces.Somestillexisttoday.

ThepotatoisalsofromtheNewWorld.Around1600,theSpanishbroughtitfromPerutoEurope,whereitsoonwaswidelygrown.IrelandbecamesodependentonitthatthousandsofIrishpeoplestarvedwhenthecropfailedduringthe“PotatoFamine(饑荒)”of1845—1846,andthousandsmorewereforcedtoleavetheirhomelandandmovetoAmerica.

TherearemanyotherfoodsthathavetraveledfromSouthAmericatotheOldWorld.Butsomeotherswentintheoppositedirection.Brazilisnowtheworld’slargestgrowerofcoffee,andcoffeeisanimportantcropinColombiaandotherSouthAmericancountries.ButitisnativetoEthiopia,acountryinAfrica.ItwasfirstmadeintoadrinkbyArabsduringthe1400’s.

AccordingtoanArabiclegend,coffeewasdiscoveredwhenapersonnamedKaldinoticedthathisgoatswereattractedtotheredberriesonacoffeebush.Hetriedoneandexperiencedthe“wide-awake”feelingthatone-thirdoftheworld’spopulationnowstartsthedaywith.

31Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowinghaschangedthemostinthelast500years?

AFood

BClothing

CIdeology

DLanguage

32“some”inthelastsentenceofthefirstparagraphrefersto

Asomecocoatrees

Bsomechocolatedrinks.

Csomeshops

DsomeSouthAmericanIndians

33ThousandsofIrishpeoplestarvedduringthe“PotatoFamine”because

Atheyweresodependentonpotatoesthattheyrefusedtoeatanythingelse

BtheywereforcedtoleavetheirhomelandandmovetoAmerica

CtheweatherconditionsinIrelandwerenotsuitableforgrowingpotatoes

Dthepotatoharvestwasbad

34Whichcountryisthelargestcoffeeproducer?

ABrazil

BColombia

CEthiopia

EEgypt

35WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue,accordingtothepassage?

A.Onethirdoftheworld’spopulationdrinkscoffee.

B.CoffeeisnativetoColombia

C.Coffeecankeeponeawake.

D.CoffeedrinkswerefirstmadebyArabs.

第二篇Teachingpoetry

Nopoemshouldeverbediscussedor“analyzed”,untilithasbeenreadaloudbysomeone,teacherorstudent.Betterstill,perhaps,isthepracticeofreadingittwice,onceatthebeginningofthediscussionandonceattheend,sothesoundofthepoemisthelastthingonehearsofit.

Alldiscussionsofpoetryare,infact,preparationsforreadingitaloud,andthereadingofthepoemis,finally,themosttelling“interpretation”ofit,suggestingtone,rhythm,andmeaningallatonce.Hearingapoetreadtheworkinhisorherownvoice,onrecordsoronfilm,isobviouslyaspecialreward.Buteventhoseaidstoteachingcannotreplacethestudentandteacherreadingitor,bestofall,reciting(背誦)it.

Ihavecometothink,infact,thattimespentreadingapoemaloudismuchmoreimportantthan“analyzing”it,ifthereisn’ttimeforboth.IthinkoneofourgoalsasteachersofEnglishistohavestudentslovepoetry.Poetryis“acriticismoflife”,and“aheightening(提升)oflife”.Itis“anapproachtothetruthoffeeling”,andit“cansaveyourlife”.Italsodeservesaplaceintheteachingoflanguageandliteraturemorecentralthanitpresentlyoccupies.

IamnotsayingthateveryEnglishteachermustteachpoetry.Thosewhodon’tlikeitshouldnotbeforcedtoputthatdislikeonanyoneelse.Butthosewhodoteachpoetrymustkeepinmindafewthingsaboutitsessentialnature,aboutitssoundaswellasitssense,andtheymustmakeroomintheclassroomforhearingpoetryaswellasthinkingaboutit.

36Tohaveabetterunderstandingofapoem,oneshould

Adiscussitwithothers.

Banalyzeitbyoneself.

Ccopyitdowninanotebook

Dpractisereadingitaloud

37WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasafunctionofpoetry?

AExtendingyourlife.

BSavingyourlife.

CCriticizinglife.

DHeighteninglife.

38Accordingtothewriter,oneofthepurposesofteachingEnglishistogetstudents

Atounderstandlife.

Btoenjoypoetry.

Ctobecometeachers.

Dtobecomepoets

39Whatdoesthelastsentenceinthethirdparagraphimply?

AMorestressshouldbelaidontheteachingofpoetry.

BPoetryismoreimportantthananyothersubject.

COnecannotenjoylifefullywithoutanunderstandingofpoetry

DPoetryisthefoundationofalllanguageandliteraturecourses

40Thephrase“makeroom”inthelastparagraphcouldbebestreplacedby

A“buildabooth”

B“provideequipment”.

C“l(fā)eaveacertainamountoftime”.

D“setasideenoughspace”.

第三篇“Salty”RicePlantBoostsHarvests

Britishscientistsarebreedinganewgenerationofriceplantsthatwillbeabletogrowinsoilcontainingsaltwater.Theirworkmayenableabandonedfarmstobecomeproductiveoncemore.

TimFlowersandTonyYeo,fromSussexUniversity’sSchoolofBiologicalSciences,havespentseveralyearsresearchinghowcrops,suchasrice,couldbemadetogrowinwaterthathasbecomesalty.

Thepairhaverecentlybegunathree-yearprogramme,fundedbytheBiotechnologyandBiologicalSciencesResearchCouncil,toestablishwhichgenesenablesomeplantstosurvivesaltyconditions.Theaimistobreedthiscapabilityintocrops,startingwithrice.

Itisestimatedthateachyearmorethan10mhectares(公頃)ofagriculturallandarelostbecausesaltgetsintothesoilandstunts(妨礙生長(zhǎng))plants.Theproblemiscausedbyseveralfactors.Inthetropics,mangroves(紅樹(shù)林)thatcreateswamps（沼澤）andtraditionallyformedbarrierstoseawaterhavebeencutdown.IntheMediterranean,aseriesofdroughtshavecausedthewatertabletodrop,allowingseawatertoseep(滲透)in.inLatinAmerica,irrigationoftencausesproblemswhenwaterisevaporated(蒸發(fā))bytheheat,leavingsaltdepositsbehind.

Excesssaltthenenterstheplantsandpreventsthemfunctioningnormally.Heavyconcentrationsofmineralsintheplantsstopthemdrawingupthewatertheyneedtosurvive.

Toovercometheseproblems,FlowersandYeodecidedtobreedriceplantsthattakeinverylittleslatandstorewhattheydoabsorbincellsthatdonotaffecttheplants’growth.Theyhavestartedtobreedthesecharacteristicsintoanewricecrop,butitwilltakeabouteightharvestsbeforetheresultingseedsarereadytobeconsideredforcommercialuse.

Oncethecharacteristicsforsurvivingsaltysoilareknown,FlowersandYeowilltrytobreedtheappropriategenesintoallmannersofcropsandplants.Landthathasbeenabandonedtonaturewillthenbeabletobloomagain,providingmuchneededfoodinthepoorercountriesoftheworld.

41WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutFlowersandYeoistrue?

ATheyarestudentsatSussexUniversity.

BTheyarericebreeders.

CTheyarehusbandandwife.

DTheyarecolleaguesataninstitutionofhigherlearning.

42FlowersandYeohavestartedaprogramme

Atofindwaystopreventwaterpollution.

Btoidentifygenesthatpromotegrowthinsaltysoil.

Ctobreedriceplantsthattastesalty.

Dtofindwaystoremoveexcessivesaltfromsoil.

43WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasacauseoftheproblemdiscussedinthepassage?

ANaturalbarrierstoseawaterhavebeendestroyed.

Bthewatertablehasgonedownafterdroughts.

CSealevelhasbeencontinuouslyrising.

DEvaporationofwaterleavessaltbehind

44Theword“affect”inParagraph6couldbebestreplacedby

A“influence”

B“effect”

C“stop”

D“present”

45Theattitudeoftheauthortowardstheresearchprojectis

Apositive

Bnegative.

Csuspicious

Dindifferent.

5部分：補(bǔ)全短文（第46~50題，每題2分，共10分）

閱讀下面的短文，文章中有5處空白，文章后面有6組文字，請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇5組文字，將其分別放回文章原來(lái)位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。請(qǐng)將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。

Likefinefood,goodwritingissomethingweapproachwithpleasureandenjoyfromthefirsttastetothelast._______(46)Quitethecontrary,justasthecookhastoundergoanintensivetraining,masteringtheskillsofhistrade,thewritermustsitathisdeskanddevotelonghourstoachievingastyleinhiswriting,whateveritspurpose-schoolwork,mattersofbusiness,orpurelysocialcommunication.___________(47)

Therearestillsomeremoteplacesintheworldwhereyoumightfindsomeonetodoyourbusinessorsocialwritingforyou,forafee.Thereareafewmangerswhoareluckyenoughtohavetheserviceofthatrarekindofsecretarywhocantakecareofallsortsofletterwritingwithnomorethanaquicknotetoworkfrom._____________(48)

Wehavetowriteschoolpapers,businesspapersorhomepapers.Weareconstantlycalledontoputwordstopaper.Itwouldbedifficulttocountthenumberofsuchwords,messages,letters,andreportsputtothemailsordeliveredbyhand,butthedailyfiguremustbeenormous.__________(49)Wewanttoarouseandholdtheinterestofreaders.Wewantwhateverwewritetoberead,fromfirstwordtolast,notthrownintosome“l(fā)etters-to-be-read”fileorintoawastepaperbasket._____________(50)

AButformostofus,ifthereisanywritingtobedone,wehavetodoitourselves.

BHowever,themanagersmaysometimescausethewritersalotoftrouble.

CAnygoodwriters,likegoodcooks,donotsuddenlyappearfull-blown(成熟的)

DWhatismore,everyonewhowritesexpects,oratleasthopes,thathiswritingwillberead.

EThisisthereasonwebendoureffortstowardlearningandpracticingtheskillsofinteresting,effectivewriting.

FYoumaybesurethatthegreatertheeffort,themoreeffectivethewriting,andthemorerewarding.

第6部分：完形填空（第51~65題，每題1分，共15分）

閱讀下面的短文，文中有15處空白，每處空白給出了4個(gè)選項(xiàng)同，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容從4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)最佳答案，涂在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。

TheAmericanFamily

IntheAmericanfamilythehusbandandwifeusuallyshareimportantdecisionmaking.Whenthechildrenare_________(51)enough,theytakepartaswell.Foreignersareoftensurprisedbythepermissiveness（寬容）ofAmericanparents.Theoldrulethat“childrenshouldbeseenandnotheard”israrely_____________(52),andchildrenareoftenallowedtodo_________(53)theywishwithoutstrictcontroloftheirparents.Thefatherseldomexpectshischildrentolistentohim_________(54)question,andchildrenareencouragedtobe___________(55)atanearlyage.Somepeople