2025版高考英語總復習Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars高考題型分組訓練新人教版必修3

PAGEPAGE1Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars高考題型分組訓練訓練一語言學問運用板塊訓練——重情理，練準度(限時：25分鐘)Ⅰ.完形填空(2024·太原市高三期末考)DingDingwasbornwithcerebralpalsy(腦癱),anddoctorstoldhisparentshewas“notworthsaving”.Buthismother__1__doctorsandevenherhusband,devotingherlifetohelpinghersonovercomedifficultiesandmake__2__ofhisabilities.At29,DingDing,whohadcerebralpalsy,hasbeen__3__toHarvardIn1988,Dingnearlysuffocated(窒息)duringabirthcomplication,whichlefthimwithcerebralpalsy.Doctors__4__tohismotherZouHongyanthatshegiveupthebabysayingitwasworthlesstryingto__5__him.ThedoctorsaidDingwould__6__eitherdisabledorwith__7__intelligence.Eventheboy's__8__agreedwiththedoctors,andtoldZouthattheboywouldbeaburdenforthefamilyforhisentirelife.__9__Zouinsistedonsavingtheboyandsoondivorced.Tosupportthefamilyandprovide__10__forherson,Zou__11__severaljobs.Inhersparetime,shetaught__12__howtomassagehisstiffmuscles,andwouldalsoplayeducational__13__withhim.“Ididn'twanthimtofeel__14__abouthisphysicalproblems，”shesaid.“Iwasquitestrictwithhim,sohecould__15__withotherswhenhehaddifficulties.”Dinggraduatedwitha__16__inenvironmentalsciencefromPekingUniversityin2011.Thatsame__17__，hegotaseconddegreeattheuniversity'sinternationallawschool.In2024,DinggottheofferfromHarvard“Ineverdaredtodreamof__18__Harvard，”Dingsaid.“Itwasmymotherwho__19__stoppedencouragingmetogiveitatry.__20__Ihadanydoubts,shewouldguidemeforward.”語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。29歲的殘疾人DingDing被哈佛高校錄用，他將勝利歸功于母親的堅持和她無私的奉獻。母親不遺余力地幫助DingDing克服困難并充分挖掘其潛能，最終使他獲得了勝利。1．A.ignored B．believedC．a(chǎn)bandoned D．thanked[解析]考查動詞辨析。A項意為“忽視，忽視”；B項意為“信任”；C項意為“遺棄，放棄”；D項意為“感謝”。由上文語境并結合“But”表示轉(zhuǎn)折可知，這里表示DingDing的母親對于醫(yī)生和丈夫的看法不予理睬。故選A。[答案]A2．A.fun B．senseC．themost D．a(chǎn)list[解析]考查詞義辨析。makethemostof是固定短語，意為“充分利用”，這里表示母親奉獻其一生幫助兒子克服困難并充分利用自己的實力。故選C。[答案]C3．A.returned B．a(chǎn)cceptedC．moved D．compared[解析]考查動詞辨析。A項意為“返回”；B項意為“接受”；C項意為“移動”；D項意為“比較”。由倒數(shù)其次段中的“DinggottheofferfromHarvardLawSchool”可知，DingDing在29歲時被哈佛高校錄用。故選B。[答案]B4．A.lied B．a(chǎn)pologizedC．explained D．suggested[解析]考查動詞辨析。A項意為“說謊”；B項意為“致歉”；C項意為“說明”；D項意為“建議”。依據(jù)語境可知，此處指醫(yī)生建議DingDing的母親ZouHongyan放棄這個孩子。故選D。[答案]D5．A.support B．findC．rescue D．leave[解析]考查動詞辨析。A項意為“支持”；B項意為“發(fā)覺，找到”；C項意為“挽救，營救”，D項意為“離開”。依據(jù)語境可知，醫(yī)生建議母親放棄這個孩子，說挽救他是沒有價值的。故選C。[答案]C6．A.buildup B．growupC．workout D．setout[解析]考查動詞短語辨析。A項意為“增加”；B項意為“成長，長大”；C項意為“解決，算出”；D項意為“起先，動身”。依據(jù)語境可知，醫(yī)生說DingDing長大之后，不是殘疾就是低智商。故選B。[答案]B7．A.super B．extraC．healthy D．low[解析]考查形容詞辨析。A項意為“超級的”；B項意為“額外的”；C項意為“健康的”；D項意為“低的”。依據(jù)語境及空格前的“disabled”可知，此處表示殘疾的或是低智商的。故選D。[答案]D8．A.nurse B．teacherC．father D．friend[解析]考查名詞辨析。依據(jù)上文的“evenherhusband”和下文的“aburdenforthefamily”及“divorced”可知，此處指DingDing的父親也贊成醫(yī)生的看法。故選C。[答案]C9．A.But B．AndC．So D．For[解析]考查連詞辨析。依據(jù)下文可知，DingDing的母親堅持救他，而父親的觀點不同，此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折，應用連詞but。故選A。[答案]A10．A.production B．treatmentC．information D．entertainment[解析]考查名詞辨析。A項意為“產(chǎn)品”；B項意為“治療”；C項意為“信息”；D項意為“消遣”。由上文內(nèi)容可知DingDing患有腦癱，須要治療。故選B。[答案]B11．A.quit B．triedC．tookup D．turnedoff[解析]考查動詞(短語)辨析。A項意為“辭職”；B項意為“嘗試”；C項意為“從事”；D項意為“關上”。依據(jù)語境可知，為了養(yǎng)家和給兒子看病，母親不得不做好幾份工作。故選C。[答案]C12．A.himself B．herselfC．it D．that[解析]考查代詞辨析。依據(jù)語境可知，母親空閑時間自學如何給兒子按摩僵硬的肌肉。句子主語是“she”，應用反身代詞herself。故選B。[答案]B13．A.games B．musicC．roles D．exams[解析]考查名詞辨析。A項意為“嬉戲”；B項意為“音樂”；C項意為“角色”；D項意為“考試”。由上文中的“with________intelligence”可知，為了開發(fā)兒子的智力，母親跟他一起玩具有教化意義的嬉戲。故選A。[答案]A14．A.amused B．proudC．tired D．a(chǎn)shamed[解析]考查形容詞辨析。A項意為“覺得好笑的”；B項意為“傲慢的”；C項意為“勞累的”；D項意為“慚愧的”。這里指母親不想讓兒子對自己在身體上存在的缺陷有慚愧感。故選D。[答案]D15．A.catchup B．endupC．chat D．a(chǎn)gree[解析]考查動詞(短語)辨析。A項意為“趕上”；B項意為“最終，結果”；C項意為“閑聊”；D項意為“同意”?？崭袂暗摹皊o”表示因果關系。因為母親對兒子很嚴格，所以他遇到困難時能盡力趕上別人。故選A。[答案]A16．A.grade B．testC．schedule D．degree[解析]考查名詞辨析。A項意為“分數(shù)”；B項意為“測試”；C項意為“時辰表”；D項意為“學位”。由上文中的“graduated”和下文中的“aseconddegree”可知，DingDing從北京高校環(huán)境科學專業(yè)畢業(yè)，獲得了學位。故選D。[答案]D17．A.year B．sizeC．room D．kind[解析]考查名詞辨析。由上文中的“in2011”和“same”可知，此處指同年DingDing又獲得了一個學位。故選A。[答案]A18．A.goingover B．a(chǎn)pplyingtoC．lookingat D．sendingfor[解析]考查動詞短語辨析。A項意為“復習，檢查”；B項意為“申請”；C項意為“看”；D項意為“派人去請”。依據(jù)語境可知，此處指DingDing從不敢幻想去申報哈佛高校。故選B。[答案]B19．A.always B．everC．never D．yet[解析]考查副詞辨析。A項意為“總是”；B項意為“曾經(jīng)”；C項意為“從不”；D項意為“然而”。此處指母親始終激勵他前行，從不放棄。故選C。[答案]C20．A.However B．BecauseC．Since D．Whenever[解析]考查連詞辨析。A項意為“不管怎樣”；B項意為“因為”；C項意為“既然”；D項意為“無論何時”。由語境可知，無論DingDing什么時候遇到問題，母親總是指引他前行。故選D。[答案]DⅡ.語法填空KiermanwasborninSydney,Whiletakingpartin2.____________importantracein1987,Kiermanbegantonoticethehugeamountofrubbishintheworld'soceans.Hedecidedtodosomethingaboutit.Heorganizedacommunityeventcalled“CleanUpSydneyHarbour”.OnSunday,January8,1989,morethan40,000volunteerscameout3.____________(clear)awayrubbish.Thenextyear,Kiermanmadetheclean－upanationalevent,4.____________turnedouttobeahugesuccess.AcrossAustralia,about300,000peoplespenttheday5.____________(improve)theirlocalenvironment.Sincethen,“CleanUpAustralia”hasgot6.____________(big)yearbyyear.In2002,forexample,800,000people7.____________(clean)upalmost15,000tonsofrubbishfromAustralia'sbeaches,parksandstreets.8．____________(inspire)bythesuccessofhisproject,Kiermanstartedanevenbiggerprogram.9.____________thehelpoftheUnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram,heintroduced“CleanUptheWorld”tootherpartsoftheworld.“CleanUptheWorld”hasbeengrowing10.____________(rapid)andhiswonderfulideahasnowspreadfromonecitytothewholeworld.語篇解讀：本文為記敘文。Kierman在參與環(huán)球航海競賽中，起先留意到海洋污染。于是，他組織成立了CleanUpSydneyHarbour，并取得了巨大的勝利。1．[解析]該空所填單詞在句中作racedin的賓語，需用compete的名詞形式。依據(jù)語境，此處需用復數(shù)。[答案]competitions2．[解析]該空表示泛指，important是以元音音素開頭的單詞，因此該空用an。[答案]an3．[解析]toclearawayrubbish是不定式短語作目的狀語。[答案]toclear4．[解析]關系代詞which指代先行詞event，引導非限制性定語從句，并在從句中作主語。[答案]which5．[解析]spendtimedoingsth.表示“某人花時間做某事”。[答案]improving6．[解析]這里指的是活動規(guī)模一年比一年大，故用比較級。[答案]bigger7．[解析]“In2002”是詳細的過去時間作狀語，謂語動詞用一般過去時。[答案]cleaned8．[解析]Inspiredbythesuccessofhisproject是過去分詞短語作狀語，分詞動作與邏輯主語Kierman之間是動賓關系。[答案]Inspired9．[解析]withthehelpof...表示“在……的幫助下”。[答案]With10．[解析]該空所填單詞在句中修飾謂語動詞，需用rapid的副詞形式。[答案]rapidly訓練二主觀應用題板塊訓練——重語法，練規(guī)范(限時：45分鐘)Ⅰ.語法填空(2024·湖南六校聯(lián)考)Haveyouevernoticedthatyoufeelhappierandmorerelaxedafteryoueatbread,pastaorfruit?Doyoufindthatyouaremoreenergeticandawakeaftereatingyogurtorbeans?Thesethingsarenotaccidents.Foodaffects1.____________wefeelmorethanwethink.Scientistsresearching2.____________(it)effectonourmoodsarebeginningtounderstandthatwecaninfluenceourfeelingswithwhatweeat.Althoughourmoodsrelate3.____________havingvariousfood,itisnotquiteassimpleaschoosingthefoodfortherightoccasions.Ifthat4.____________(be)thecase,athleteswouldnoteatalotofcarbohydratesbeforearace.Anotherchemical5.____________(connect)withourmoodsiscaffeine,which6.____________(find)incoffee,chocolateandmanytypesoftea,anditisperhaps7.____________worstthingyoucanhavewhenyouarefeelingstressed.Ofcourse,8.____________(enjoy)anicemealwithfriends,whateverweeat,canalsoimpactourspirits.Beingwithfriendsandfamilyplaysabigpartinexperiencinghappiness.Most9.____________(important),though,rememberthefollowingoldrule:trytoeatdifferentfood,10.____________nottoomuch.語篇解讀：我們所吃的食物會對我們的心情有影響。因此，我們要嘗試吃不同的食物，但是不要吃太多。1．[解析]分析該句結構可知，空處引導賓語從句；結合語境可以推斷，應用疑問副詞how引導該從句。[答案]how2．[解析]由名詞effect可知，應用形容詞性物主代詞its。[答案]its3．[解析]relateto為固定搭配，意為“和……有關系”。[答案]to4．[解析]依據(jù)該句中的“athleteswouldnoteatalotofcarbohydratesbeforearace”可知，該句為虛擬語氣，表示對目前狀況的虛擬，故從句謂語動詞用過去式were。[答案]were5．[解析]chemical和connect為動賓關系，故用過去分詞短語作后置定語。[答案]connected6．[解析]此處which引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞為caffeine，和find之間是動賓關系，故用被動語態(tài)；此處是對客觀狀況的描述，應用一般現(xiàn)在時。[答案]isfound7．[解析]依據(jù)空后的形容詞最高級worst可知，空處應用the。[答案]the8．[解析]分析該句結構可知，此處為動名詞短語在句中作主語。[答案]enjoying9．[解析]空處修飾全句，故用副詞形式。[答案]importantly10．[解析]依據(jù)語境可知，嘗試吃不同的食物，但是不要吃太多。依據(jù)句意可知，空處應用轉(zhuǎn)折連詞。[答案]but/yetⅡ.短文改錯(2024·河南南陽一中月考)IhavebeenusedtocarrysmallbagswithmetomanyoftheplacesIgotothem.Whenseensomeonemightneedasmile,Ijusthandhimabagandsay“haveanicerday”.I'mdelightedseehowitputsasmileonhisface.Idoitinthedoctor'soffice,thegrocerystoreandIhadevendoneitinWalmart.Ijustliketomakeatruepositivedifferenceinhowsomeone'sdayisgoing.There'sthesayingthatyoucan'thelpthewholeworldbutyoucanbetheworldwithoneperson.Andthat'swhichIwanttodo:makeadifferenceintheirdaysandletthemknowthatpeopledocare![答案]Ihavebeenusedtoeq\o(carry,\s\do15(carrying))smallbagswithmetomanyoftheplacesIgotoeq\o(them,＼).Wheneq\o(seen,\s\do15(seeing))someonemightneedasmile,Ijusthandhimabagandsay“haveaeq\o(nicer,\s\do15(nice))day”.I'mdelightedeq\o(∧,\s\do15(to))seehowitputsasmileonhisface.Idoitinthedoctor'soffice,thegrocerystoreandIeq\o(had,\s\do15(have))evendoneitinWalmart.Ijustliketomakeaeq\o(true,\s\do15(truly))positivedifferenceinhowsomeone'sdayisgoing.There'seq\o(the,\s\do15(a))sayingthatyoucan'thelpthewholeworldbutyoucanbetheworldeq\o(with,\s\do15(to))oneperson.Andthat'seq\o(which,\s\do15(what))Iwanttodo:makeadifferenceintheirdaysandletthemknowthatpeopledocare!Ⅲ.書面表達(2024·湖南部分重點中學演練)假定你是李華，即將去美國參與一個中美文化夏令營活動。請你依據(jù)以下內(nèi)容要點給你的美國摯友Mike寫一封信，告知他你的美國之行。1．此行的目的；2．活動的內(nèi)容；3．你的期望。留意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當增加細微環(huán)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3．開頭語和結束語已為你寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)。參考詞匯：中美文化溝通：Sino