北京專用2025屆高三英語下學(xué)期5月全真模擬試卷5含解析

PAGEPAGE19（北京專用）2025屆高三英語下學(xué)期5月全真模擬試卷5（含解析）（考試時間：90分鐘試卷滿分：100分）Agroupofdoves(鴿子)flewlongdistancesbutdidnotgetanythingtoeat.Allofthemwerenowcompletely__1__.AyoungdoveaskedtheKingDove,“Pleaseallowustotakea__2__.”Thekingreplied,“Havecourage,mydear.Weshallsurelygetsomethingtoeatverysoon.”Theyoungdovestartedwavinghis__3__withforceandsoonlefteveryonebehind.Aftersometime,heturnedbackandspoketotheothers,“Iseelotsof__4__downthere.”Hearingthis,allthedovesstartedrushingtowardsthegrainsunderatree.__5__theKingDovesaid,“Thereissomethingwrong.Itmaybeatrap.”Butthedoveswerevery__6__,andthegrainsweretooinviting.Withoutgivingathoughttotheking’s__7__,theyflewdownandstartedeatingthegrains.Afterhavingabig__8__,theytriedtoflyawayonlytofindthattheywerecaughtinanet.ThentheKingDovesaid,“Allofyoumusttrytoflywiththe__9__atthesametimeandinthesamedirection,allofyou.”Justthentheysawa__10__approachingtowardsthem.TheKingDovesaid,“Nowallofyou,flytogether”.Soallthedovesflewawaytogetherwiththenet.Thehuntercouldn’tbelievewhathehadjustseen.1.A.excited B.pleased C.tired D.surprised2.A.rest B.walk C.chance D.step3.A.wings B.claws C.feet D.hands4.A.corn B.rice C.peas D.grains5.A.Sadly B.Gladly C.Suddenly D.Gradually6.A.angry B.hungry C.thirsty D.sleepy7.A.kidding B.warning C.lying D.cheating8.A.party B.dream C.break D.meal9.A.net B.grains C.hunter D.leader10.A.dog B.farmer C.hunter D.cat【答案】1.C2.A3.A4.D5.C6.B7.B8.D9.A10.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了一群迫切找食物的鴿子因為沒有聽從鴿王的忠告貪吃導(dǎo)致落入獵人設(shè)下的陷阱，被網(wǎng)住。后來在鴿王的指導(dǎo)下帶著網(wǎng)同時朝同一個方向飛，擺脫了獵人的捕殺。【1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一群鴿子飛了很遠的距離但是沒有找到任何食物。它們現(xiàn)在都特別累。A．excited興奮的；B．pleased興奮的；C．tired累的；D．surprised驚異的。空格前面一句話提到了它們飛了很遠的距離，可推斷這里應(yīng)當(dāng)指它們感到很累。故選C項。【2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一只年輕的鴿子對鴿王說：“請讓我們休息一會兒吧?！盇．rest休息；B．walk走路；C．chance機會；D．step步伐。前一句提到它們很累，從邏輯上推斷可知，這里指它們懇求休息一會。takearest為固定表達，意為“休息”。故選A項。【3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那只年輕的鴿子于是起先用力拍動自己的翅膀努力向前飛，不一會兒就把大家甩到了后面。A．wings翅膀；B．claws爪子；C．feet腳；D．hands手。主語是鴿子，且通過后半句把其他鴿子甩到了后面可知，這里指鴿子用完力氣用勁拍動翅膀往前飛。wings做wave的賓語。故選A項?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：過了一會兒，它飛回來對大家說：“我看到下面有很多谷物”。A．corn玉米；B．rice大米；C．peas豌豆；D．grains谷物。下一句話提到allthedovesstartedrushingtowardsthegrainsunderatree，全部的鴿子都沖下了樹下的谷物。所以這里指谷物。故選D項?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：突然鴿王說道：“有問題，可能是陷阱?！盇．Sadly可悲地；B．Gladly興奮地；C．Suddenly突然；D．Gradually漸漸地。正值鴿子們往下沖的時候，鴿王突然發(fā)出了警告。C項符合文意。故選C項。【6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是鴿子們太餓了，而且那些谷物太迷人了。A．a(chǎn)ngry生氣的；B．hungry饑餓的；C．thirsty渴的；D．sleepy瞌睡的。結(jié)合上下文，鴿子們飛了很長的路程，又累又餓，看到食物就一頭往下沖。B項符合文意。故選B項?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有理睬鴿王的警告，它們沖下去就起先吃谷物。A．kidding玩笑；B．warning警告；C．lying謊言；D．cheating欺瞞。上文第5空鴿王說道：“有問題，可能是陷阱?！边@是鴿王對它們的警告。B項符合文意。故選B項?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：美餐一頓之后，它們想要飛走卻發(fā)覺自己被網(wǎng)給困住了。A．party聚會；B．dream美夢；C．break休息；D．meal美食。結(jié)合上下文，鴿子們看到樹下的谷物就連忙沖下去飽餐一頓。Abigmeal意為“一頓美餐”。D項符合文意，故選D項。

【9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：你們試著帶著網(wǎng)同時朝一個方向飛。全部的鴿子都照做。A．net網(wǎng)；B．grains谷物；C．hunter獵手；D．leader領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，領(lǐng)頭的人。依據(jù)最終一段Soallthedovesflewawaytogetherwiththenet，可知此處指鴿王讓鴿子們帶著網(wǎng)同時朝同一方向飛。A項符合文意。故選A項。【10題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就在那時，它們看到一位獵人向它們走來。A．dog狗；B．farmer農(nóng)夫；C．hunter獵手；D．cat貓。下一句鴿王吩咐全部的鴿子趕快一起飛，可知有危急靠近。最終一句提到Thehuntercouldn’tbelievewhathehadjustseen。可知空格處為獵人來了。故選C項。其次節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）Thesedayscomputergameshavebecomemoreandmore____11____(popularity)inmanycitiesandtowns.Alotofsmallshopsalongbusystreetshavechangedintocomputergamehousesinorder____12____(get)moremoney.Theseplacesarealwayscrowded____13___people.Inthecomputergamehouses,peoplespendalotofmoney__14____(match)onthemachines.It’shardforonetobeatacomputer,___15___onecandowellaftertryingagainandagain.Peoplewanttowinwhentheyplaycomputergames.Themoretheylose,__16___moretheywanttowin,andatlasttheyevencan’tlivewithoutit.Theresultisthatsomepeopledon’twanttoworkandtheyplayincomputergamehousesforhoursandhours.Forstudents,thingsareeven___17___(bad).Theydon’twanttohavelessons.Whenschoolisover,theyrushtothecomputergamehousesnear__18___(they)schools.Someofthemcangetenoughmoneyfromtheir___19____(parent).Butsomeofthemhavetostealorrobothers’.Computergameaddiction___20___(be)aseriousprobleminourlife.Somethinghastobedonetostopit.【答案】11.popular12.toget13.with14.matching15.but16.the17.worse18.their19.parents20.is【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講解并描述了很多人因無法忍受電腦嬉戲的誘惑而漸漸成癮最終走上歧途，這個嚴峻的問題警告人們當(dāng)心這些誘惑?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：當(dāng)今，在很多城市鄉(xiāng)村，電腦已經(jīng)變得越來越流行。依據(jù)句意可知，此處運用形容詞比較級moreandmore譯為“越來越……”，其后應(yīng)為形容詞，故將名詞popularity改為形容詞popular。故填popular?！?2題詳解】考查不定式。句意：為了賺錢，很多沿街的小店已經(jīng)改成電腦嬉戲屋。該句考查inordertodosth譯為“為了做……”，此處to不定式做目的狀語。故填toget?！?3題詳解】考查固定搭配。句意：這些地方總是擠滿人。此處考查固定搭配becrowdedwith譯為“充溢，滿是”。故填with?！?4題詳解】考查動詞。句意：在電腦嬉戲屋，人們花很多的錢來匹配嬉戲。該句考查句式：sbspendtime\money(in)doingsth譯為“花費時間（金錢）做某事”。故填matching。15題詳解】考查連詞。句意：對于一個人來說擊敗電腦是很難的，但是在一次次的嘗試之后就能做的很好。分析句子可知，前后句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，but譯為“但是”表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故填but。【16題詳解】考查定冠詞。句意：他們輸?shù)脑蕉啵较脍A，最終什么都不剩。該句考查比較級句式：Themore…,themore…譯為“越來越……”。故填the。【17題詳解】考查形容詞比較級。句意：對于學(xué)生來說，事情可能會變得更糟。該句設(shè)空處前為even，其用在比較級前，加強語氣，表示程度，故設(shè)空處應(yīng)為形容詞bad的比較級worse。故填worse。【18題詳解】考查代詞。句意：當(dāng)學(xué)校放學(xué)，學(xué)生們朝他們學(xué)校旁邊的電腦嬉戲屋跑去。結(jié)合句意可知，設(shè)空處修飾名詞schools，且主語為students，表示他們的學(xué)校，應(yīng)用形容詞性物主代詞。故填their?！?9題詳解】考查名詞。句意：一些學(xué)生是從他們父母那要錢。結(jié)合句意可知，設(shè)空處前為their，其后應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填parents?！?0題詳解】考查主謂一樣。句意：電腦嬉戲成癮是我們現(xiàn)在生活一個嚴峻問題。分析該句可知，主語為Computergameaddiction，謂語為單數(shù)，故填is。其次部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ATheUniversityScienceLibraryTheUniversityScienceLibraryholdscollectionsinEngineering,Geography,LifeSciences,Management,MathematicalandPhysicalSciences.Self-servicefacilitiesareprovidedforborrowing,renewingandreturningoneweekandstandardloanbooks.Thereisalsoadedicatedself-serviceShortLoanCollectionforovernightloans.PrintjournalsarenotborrowableintheScienceLibrary.Borrowing,RenewingandMoreFourquickandeasytouseloansmachinesarelocatedintheLearningLaboratoryonthegroundfloor.JustscanthebarcodeonthebackofyourLibrarycardandenteryourPINnumber(setinitiallyas4digits,DDMMofyourbirthday)toborrowandrenewyourbooks,tocheckreservationsandviewyourLibraryaccount.ReturningTheLearningLaboratoryalsohastwomachinesforreturningoneweekandstandardloanbooks(includingbooksborrowedfromStore).Unlikeanordinarybookdrop,themachineswillclearthebooksfromyourLibraryaccountimmediately.Whenyouhavereturnedallofyourbooks,themachinewillproduceareceiptforyourrecords.Rememberthatyoucanreturnasmanybooksasyouwant,butonlyoneatatime.Short-loancollectionroomShortloanbooksarecurrentlystoredinthecafeonthegroundfloor.Pleaseusethemachineinthisroomtoborrowandreturnbooks.CafeWehaveacafeonthegroundflooroftheScienceLibrarysellinghotandcolddrinksandcoldsnacks,butpleaserememberthateatingisnotpermittedinthereadingroomsontheupperlevels.Openinghours:Monday:Openfrom08:45Tuesday—Friday:24houropeningSaturday:24houropeninguntil21:00Sunday:11:00-21:00(holdersoftheUniversityLibrarycardsonly)21.WhatsubjectmaynotbecoveredintheUniversityLibrary?A.Literature. B.Biology. C.Chemistry. D.Geography.22.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisrightabouttheUniversityLibrary?A.Bothfoodandbooksaresoldinthecafe.B.EatingisonlyallowedonthegroundflooroftheUniversityLibrary.C.AllthebooksandmagazinesintheUniversityLibrarycanbeborrowed.D.AllthebookscanbereturnedatatimebyusingthemachinesintheLearningLaboratory.23.Ifyoudon’thavetheUniversityLibrarycard,youcanNOTborrowbookson.A.Sunday B.Monday C.Thursday D.Saturday【答案】21.A22.B23.A【解析】本文是說明文。文章介紹了高校科學(xué)圖書館的一些信息，包括藏書類別，自動借書還書和續(xù)借的程序，圖書的分布，咖啡館位置，開放時間等?！?1題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的TheUniversityScienceLibraryholdscollectionsinEngineering,Geography,LifeSciences,Management,MathematicalandPhysicalSciences.可知，高校科學(xué)圖書館保藏了工程、地理、生命科學(xué)、管理、數(shù)學(xué)和物理科學(xué)方面的書籍。由此可知，高?？茖W(xué)圖書館沒有保藏文學(xué)方面的書籍。故選A。22題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Cafe部分中的WehaveacafeonthegroundflooroftheScienceLibrarysellinghotandcolddrinksandcoldsnacks,butpleaserememberthateatingisnotpermittedinthereadingroomsontheupperlevels.可知，我們在科學(xué)圖書館的一層有一個咖啡館，出售冷熱飲料和冷食，但是請記住，上層的閱覽室是不允許吃東西的。由此可知，高校科學(xué)圖書館只允許在一樓吃東西。故選B。23題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Openinghours部分Sunday:11:00-21:00(holdersoftheUniversityLibrarycardsonly)可知，星期日：11:00-21:00（只限持有高校圖書證人士）。由此可知，沒有高校圖書證的人周日不能去，其他時間可以去。故選A。BGo.Stop.Go.Stop.Thetravelsignalsinmyheadwereconflicting.“AreyousureyouwanttoheadtoGreecethisNovemberwithKathleen?”askedmyhusband.“Theweathercouldbeunpleasant.”“Youmustgo,”saidmyfriendLarry,whotalkedabouthavingspentThanksgivingonSantorini.“It’sawonderland.”Withhisencouragingwords,IbookedourflightstoAthensandincludedtwoGreekislands:SantoriniandGrete.AsunnySaturdayafternoonwelcomedustoEleftheriosVenizelosAirportinAthens.DuringthenextfewdaysKathleenandItriedalotofunknown-to-usfoods.NoannoyinglinesoftouristseitheraswesawsightsontheAthens“A”list.AndthencameWednesday.TheflighttoSantoriniwasyo-yoedbywindgustsofupto40milesanhour.Fira,usuallyamuch-photographedtouristdestination,waschilly,rainyempty.Withrainbeatingourfaces,KathleenandIheadedforourhotelandcheckedinforathree-nightstay.“Thisisn’thowIwanttospendmyholiday,”saidKathleen.“MaybeCreteisn’texperiencingthesamestorm.Canweflyoutlatertoday?”Herquestionmirroredmyownthoughts.Butwecouldn’tleave.We’djustarrived.Paymentsforthehotelandrentalcarwouldbelost,andcostlylast-minuteplanereservationsneeded.“Let’snotdeciderightnow,”Isuggested.Duringthenextfewdays,wedrovearounddespitetheshowers.AtarestaurantnamedPoseidon,onourthirdnight,wewaitedandwaitedfordinner.“Yourdinnerwillbeoutshortly.Thechefwasbusystudyingsomethingbeautiful,”ourwaiterexplained.Seeingourpuzzledlook,thewaiterthensaid,“Hewentoutforasmoke,sawabeautifulgirlandbegantochat…”Suddenly,Kathleenlaughed.Insteadofcomplaining,sheleanedbackandoutcamealoud,happysound.Anattitudeadjustmentintograce,Irealized,hadbeenhappeningsinceourarrival.“Youknow,Mum,youcan’tliveapositivelifewithanegativemind,”shesaid.Gracesurroundsus.Thechallengeistoletgoofanxietiesandworries,thetendencytocomplain.Asunnyattitudecanletgraceshine.24.Whatdidtheauthor’shusbandthinkabouthertriptoGreece?A.Itwaspleasant. B.Itwasill-advised.CItwouldbecostly. D.Itwouldbeeye-opening.25.Howweretheauthor’sfirstfewdaysinGreece?A.Delightful. B.Busy.C.Struggling. D.Annoying.26.WhydidtheauthorinsistontheirstayinginSantorini?A.Towaitforsunnydays. B.Toavoidwastingmoney.C.Toenjoytheoff-season. D.Todeeplyexploretheplace.【答案】24.B25.A26.B【解析】本文是記敘文。作者和女兒去希臘旅游，后幾天遭受壞天氣，但主動思索讓她們擺脫了壞心情。作者通過自己的經(jīng)驗告知我們：我們不要帶著消極的思想過主動的生活，我們所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是要放棄焦慮和憂慮，放棄埋怨。陽光的看法可以讓優(yōu)雅發(fā)光。【24題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中的“AreyousureyouwanttoheadtoGreecethisNovemberwithKathleen?”askedmyhusband.“Theweathercouldbeunpleasant.”可知，“你確定今年11月要和凱薩琳一起去希臘嗎？”我丈夫問?！疤鞖饪赡懿惶谩！庇纱送浦煞蛘J為11月她去希臘旅游的確定是不明智的。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段中的AsunnySaturdayafternoonwelcomedustoEleftheriosVenizelosAirportinAthens.DuringthenextfewdaysKathleenandItriedalotofunknown-to-usfoods.NoannoyinglinesoftouristseitheraswesawsightsontheAthens“A”list.可知，一個晴朗的周六下午，我們來到了雅典的EleftheriosVenizelos機場。在接下來的幾天里，凱薩琳和我嘗試了很多不知名的美國食物。當(dāng)我們看到雅典“A”名單上的景點時，也沒有惱人的游客隊伍。由此可知，作者和女兒旅游的前幾天是開心的。故選A?！?6題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第七段中的Butwecouldn’tleave.We’djustarrived.Paymentsforthehotelandrentalcarwouldbelost,andcostlylast-minuteplanereservationsneeded.可知，但是我們不能離開。我們剛剛到達。酒店和租車的費用將被取消，最終一刻的昂貴機票預(yù)訂也將被取消。由此可知，作者堅持呆在Santorini是為了避開奢侈錢。故選B。CThelatestsportscrazeisnotevenasport.Accordingtoarecentarticle,“e-sports”areattractingalargenumberofaudience.Ine-sports,playersandteamscompeteinpopularvideocomputergamessuchasDota2andOvenvatch.Fansfillarenastowatchtheactionliveonhugetelevisionscreens.Thegameshavegonewaypastkidsplayingagainsteachotherwhilesittingonasofaathome.TheInternational,amajorcompetitionforplayersofDota2,awarded$24millioninprizes,withthewinnertakinghomealmost$11million.Arecente-sportscompetitionattractedmorethan80,000fanstotheOlympicStadiuminBeijing,China.IhavetoadmitthatIamnotabigfanofcomputergames.Iknowthatsomegamescanbeeducational,butIthinktoomanykidsspendtoomuchtimesittinginfrontofascreenshootingspacealiens.Ithinkitwouldbebetterifkidsspentmoretimereadingorplayingrealsportssuchasbasketball,baseballandsoccer.Andpleasedon’ttellmethatcompetitivegamingisrealsportbecauseitrequireshand-eyecoordination.AccordingtomyAmericanHeritageDictionary,asportis“anactivityinvolvingphysicalexertionandskill.”Idon’tthinkanyoneworksupmuchofasweatplayingvideogames.Toooften,regularsportssendkidsakindofmessage.Competitionstartsearly,whenlotsofkidsarenotreadyfortheupsanddownsofgames.Tryoutsandtravelteamscomenext,givingtoomanykidsthemessagetheyare“notgood”atsports.Solotsofkidsquitsportsandstartplayingmorevideogames.Maybeeveryoneinyouthsports,includingcoaches,parentsandkids,shouldthinkmoreabouttheadvantagesofrealsports.27.Whatare“e-sports”accordingtothetext?A.Sportseventsontelevisionscreens.B.Videocomputergamecompetitions.C.ThelatestsportsintheOlympicGames.D.Easysportsgamesforkids.28.Whatmighttheauthorthinkof“e-sports”?A.Theyarenotinstructive.B.Theyshouldbebannedinschool.C.Theyneedtoomuchtimeandmoney.D.Theyhavesomenegativeinfluenceonchildren.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exertion”inParagraph5mean?A.Growth. B.Fitness.C.Effort. D.Energy.30.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tointroduceanewkindofsport.B.TointroduceacompetitionheldinBeijing.C.Toexplaintheimportanceofplayingsports.D.Tocallonpeopletopaymoreattentiontotraditionalsports.【答案】BDCD【解析】【分析】本文是爭論文。文中作者介紹了電子競技受歡迎的現(xiàn)象，表達了對此現(xiàn)象的擔(dān)憂。建議我們看到真正運動的好處，呼吁人們更多地關(guān)注傳統(tǒng)體育?！?7題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的Ine-sports,playersandteamscompeteinpopularvideocomputergamessuchasDota2andOvenvatch.Fansfillarenastowatchtheactionliveonhugetelevisionscreens.可知，在電子競技中，玩家和團隊在Dota2和Ovenvatch等流行的電子嬉戲中競爭。粉絲們擠滿了球場，在巨大的電視屏幕上觀看現(xiàn)場直播。由此可知，電子競技是電腦嬉戲的競賽。故選B?！?8題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段中的Iknowthatsomegamescanbeeducational,butIthinktoomanykidsspendtoomuchtimesittinginfrontofascreenshootingspacealiens.Ithinkitwouldbebetterifkidsspentmoretimereadingorplayingrealsportssuchasbasketball,baseballandsoccer.(我知道有些嬉戲是有教化意義的，但我認為太多的孩子花太多的時間坐在屏幕前射擊外星人。我認為假如孩子們能花更多的時間來閱讀或玩真正的運動，比如籃球、棒球和足球，那就更好了)及第五段中的Idon’tthinkanyoneworksupmuchofasweatplayingvideogames.(我認為沒有人會在玩電子嬉戲時大汗淋漓)和最終一段中的Maybeeveryoneinyouthsports,includingcoaches,parentsandkids,shouldthinkmoreabouttheadvantagesofrealsports.(或許每個年輕人，包括教練、父母和孩子，都應(yīng)當(dāng)多想想體育運動的好處)可推知，作者認為電子競技對孩子們造成了一些消極影響。故選D。【29題詳解】詞義揣測題。此處是作者從美國傳統(tǒng)辭典上查閱的關(guān)于運動的定義，anactivityinvolvingphysicalexertionandskill.劃線詞語由physical修飾，結(jié)合常識和下句muchofasweat可知，此處指體力活動，身體的努力。與選項中的Effort同義。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理推斷題。文中作者介紹了電子競技受歡迎的現(xiàn)象，表達了對此現(xiàn)象的擔(dān)憂。依據(jù)第四段中的Ithinkitwouldbebetterifkidsspentmoretimereadingorplayingrealsportssuchasbasketball,baseballandsoccer.(我認為假如孩子們能花更多的時間來閱讀或玩真正的運動，比如籃球、棒球和足球，那就更好了)和最終一段中的Maybeeveryoneinyouthsports,includingcoaches,parentsandkids,shouldthinkmoreabouttheadvantagesofrealsports.(或許每個年輕人，包括教練、父母和孩子，都應(yīng)當(dāng)多想想體育運動的好處)可知，作者呼吁人們應(yīng)當(dāng)更多地關(guān)注傳統(tǒng)體育。故選D。【點睛】詞義揣測題在高考中有三種考查形式：生詞揣測詞義或熟詞生義、揣測一句話的意思、指代關(guān)系猜詞（代詞或者名詞）。本文中考查的是生詞詞義揣測。這種題型的解法主要是在劃線詞所在句子的前后找到該句話的同義句或者釋義句，再依據(jù)同義句或者釋義句的意思推斷出劃線單詞的意思。例如本文第3題，此處是作者從美國傳統(tǒng)辭典上查閱的關(guān)于運動的定義，anactivityinvolvingphysicalexertionandskill.劃線詞語由physical修飾，結(jié)合常識和下句muchofasweat可知，此處指體力活動，身體的努力。與選項中的Effort同義。故選C。DLanguageisperhapsthemostdistinctiveofhumancharacteristics,butitsevolutionremainsamystery.Ourcommunicationisenhancedbyturn—taking(輪番說話)—ortheorderlyexchangeofcommunicativesignals—whichhasbeenfoundtobelargelyuniversalacrosscultures.Butthisturn-takingbehaviorisactuallywidespreadacrosstheanimalkingdom,accordingtoalarge-scalereviewofstudiespublishedinthejournalPhilosophicalTransactionsoftheRoyalSocietyB:BiologicalSciences.Inthestudy,theresearchersstressedthatoneofthemarksofturn-takingacrossallspeciesisfinetiming.Forexample,insomespeciesofsongbird,thegapbetweenthecallsoftwodifferentbirdsisoftenlessthan50milliseconds.Ontheotherhand,communicationinsomespeciesismuchslower.Asforspermwhales,thegapbetweeneachvocalexchangeisaroundtwoseconds.Inhumans,thereisusuallyagapofroughly200millisecondsbetweenturnsinaconversation.Whilemanystudieshavefocusedonturn-takingbehaviorinanimals,westillknowverylittleaboutit,partlybecausethereportsaresovariedthatlarge-scalecross-speciescomparisonisallbutimpossible,accordingtotheresearchers.“Overall,directcomparisonsofturn-takingskillsofnon-humananimalsinrelationtolanguageoriginsarehighlylimitedbylackofdata,theapplicationofdifferentterms,differentstudymethodsandstudyenvironments,theauthorswroteinthestudy.”Furthermore,investigationshavesofarmainlybeenfocusingonsinglecalltypesorsongsofspecies,limitingadeeperunderstandingofthevariabilityofturning-takingsystemsfoundintheanimalkingdom.Inlightofthis,theresearchersproposedanewframeworkforfuturestudiesonturn-takingtomakecross-speciescomparisonseasier.“Thegoaloftheframeworkistopromotelarge-scalecross-speciescomparisons”,KobinKendrick,fromtheUniversityofYork’sDepartmentofLanguageandLinguisticScience,saidinastatement.“Suchaframeworkwillallowresearcherstotracethehistoryofthisevolutionofremarkableturn-takingbehaviorandsolveoldquestionsabouttheoriginsofhumanlanguage.”31.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Turn-takingbehaviorinallspeciesiswelltimed.B.Languageistheleastdistinctiveofhumancharacteristics.C.Thegapbetweenturnsinahumanconversationisabouttwoseconds.D.Relativelyspeaking,thegapbetweenthecallsoftwobirdsislonger.32.Whatmakesthenon-humananimallanguagestudiesdifficultaccordingtothetext?a.Lackofdata.b.Lackofmoney.c.Variedreportsandstudies.d.Theapplicationofdifferentterms.A.abc B.bcdC.abd D.acd33.Wecaninferfromthetextthat.A.cross-speciescomparisonisthehardesttostudyintheevolutionoflanguageB.turn-takinginanimalcommunicationbetweenspeciesisdifficulttofindC.non-humanlanguagestudiesshouldbefocusedonsinglecalltypesD.theturn-takingbehaviorofanimalsissimilartothatofhumanbeings34.Whydidtheresearchersputforwardanewframework?A.Toencouragemorestudiesontheevolutionofturn-takingbehaviour.B.Tobuildalinkbetweenanimalcommunicationandhumanlanguage.C.Tomakelarge-scalecross-speciescomparisonsofturn-takingeasier.D.Toguideotherresearchersinhowtostudyanimalcommunication.【答案】31.A32.D33.D34.C【解析】本文是說明文。探討發(fā)覺輪番說話行為事實上在動物界也很普遍，動物的輪番說話行為與人類相像。但對動物語言的探討還存在很多困難，探討者們不斷提出新方法來促進大規(guī)模的跨物種比較?！?1題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中的Butthisturn-takingbehaviorisactuallywidespreadacrosstheanimalkingdom,accordingtoalarge-scalereviewofstudiespublishedinthejournalPhilosophicalTransactionsoftheRoyalSocietyB:BiologicalSciences.(但是，依據(jù)發(fā)表在《英國皇家學(xué)會哲學(xué)學(xué)報B：生物科學(xué)》上的一篇大規(guī)模探討綜述，這種輪番的行為事實上在動物王國中很普遍)可知，這種輪番說話的行為事實上在動物界很普遍。再依據(jù)其次段中的Inthestudy,theresearchersstressedthatoneofthemarksofturn-takingacrossallspeciesisfinetiming.(在這項探討中，探討人員強調(diào)，全部物種輪番的標(biāo)記之一是良好的時機)并列舉了鳴鳥、抹香鯨和人類聲音間隔的例子。由此可知，全部物種的輪番說話行為都是有定時性的。故選A?！?2題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，報告差異很大，缺乏數(shù)據(jù)，不同術(shù)語的運用加劇了非人類動物語言探討的困難。缺乏資金未提到。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中的Butthisturn-takingbehaviorisactuallywidespreadacrosstheanimalkingdom,accordingtoalarge-scalereviewofstudiespublishedinthejournalPhilosophicalTransactionsoftheRoyalSocietyB:BiologicalSciences.(但是，依據(jù)發(fā)表在《英國皇家學(xué)會哲學(xué)學(xué)報B：生物科學(xué)》上的一篇大規(guī)模探討綜述，這種輪番的行為事實上在動物王國中很普遍)可知，這種輪番說話的行為事實上在動物界很普遍。再依據(jù)其次段中的Inthestudy,theresearchersstressedthatoneofthemarksofturn-takingacrossallspeciesisfinetiming.(在這項探討中，探討人員強調(diào)，全部物種輪番的標(biāo)記之一是良好的時機)可知，定時性是全部物種輪番說話行為的標(biāo)記之一。由此推知，動物的輪番說話行為與人類相像。故選D。【34題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中的Inlightofthis,theresearchersproposedanewframeworkforfuturestudiesonturn-takingtomakecross-speciescomparisonseasier.“Thegoaloftheframeworkistopromotelarge-scalecross-speciescomparisons”(鑒于此，探討人員提出了一個新的框架，將來的探討轉(zhuǎn)向，使跨物種比較更簡單。“該框架的目標(biāo)是促進大規(guī)模的跨物種比較”)可知，探討人員提出的一個將來探討的新框架的目標(biāo)是促進大規(guī)模的跨物種比較。故選C。其次節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Anewcoronavirus,acousinoftheSARSvirus,hasinfectedmorethan200peoplesincetheoutbreakbeganinWuhan,China,inDecember.ScientistLeoPoon,whofirstdecodedthevirus,thinksitlikelystartedinananimalandspreadtohumans.TheWorldHealthOrganizationofferedguidancetocountries.___35___Whatisacoronavirus___36___Inrarecases,theyarewhatscientistscallzoonotic(人畜共患病),meaningtheycanbetransmittedfromanimalstohumans,accordingtotheUSCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention.CoronavirussymptomsThevirusescanmakepeoplesick,usuallywithamildtomoderateupperrespiratory(呼吸的)tractillness,similartoacommoncold.Coronavirussymptomsincludearunnynose,cough,sorethroat,possiblyaheadacheandmaybeafever.___37___Forthosewithaweakenedimmunesystem,theelderlyandtheveryyoung,there’sachancetheviruscouldcausealower,andmuchmoreserious,respiratorytractillnesslikeapneumoniaorbronchitis.___38___MiddleEastRespiratorySyndrome,alsoknownastheMERSvirus,wasfirstreportedintheMiddleEastin2012andalsocausesrespiratoryproblems,butthosesymptomsaremuchmoresevere.Threetofouroutofevery10patientsinfectedwithMERSdied,accordingtotheCDC.SevereAcuteRespiratorySyndrome,alsoknownasSARS,istheothercoronavirusthatcancausemoreseveresymptoms.FirstidentifiedintheGuangdongprovinceinsouthernChina,accordingtotheWHO,itcausesrespiratoryproblemsbutcanalsocausediarrhea,fatigue,shortnessofbreath,respiratorydistressandkidneyfailure.Italsoresultsindeath.HowitspreadsVirusescanspreadfromhumancontactwithanimals.___39___WithSARS,scientistssuspectedcivetcatsweretoblame.Whenitcomestohuman-to-humantransmissionoftheviruses,oftenithappenswhensomeonecomesintocontactwiththeinfectedperson’ssecretions.A.Hereareseveralsuggestionsforyouaboutacoronavirus.B.Thereareahandfulofhumancoronavirusesthatareknowntobedeadly.C.ScientiststhinkMERSstartedincamels,accordingtotheWHO.D.Coronavirusesarealargegroupofvirusesthatarecommonamonganimals.E.Thereareallkindsofcoronavirusesexistingintheworld.F.Hereareseveralthingsyoushouldknowaboutacoronavirus.G.Theycanlastforacoupleofdays.【答案】35.F36.D37.G38.B39.C【解析】本文是說明文。文章介紹了新冠狀病毒的一些狀況，包括什么是冠狀病毒，冠狀病毒的癥狀，危害及傳播方式?！?5題詳解】上文介紹了新冠狀病毒自去年12月在中國武漢爆發(fā)，世界衛(wèi)生組織為各國供應(yīng)了指導(dǎo)。下文是冠狀病毒的具體狀況，空處應(yīng)當(dāng)承上啟下，F(xiàn)項：Hereareseveralthingsyoushouldknowaboutacoronavirus.(下面是關(guān)于冠狀病毒你應(yīng)當(dāng)知道的幾件事)符合文意，故選F。【36題詳解】本段標(biāo)題是：什么是冠狀病毒？空處應(yīng)當(dāng)對其定義，D項：Coronavirusesarealargegroupofvirusesthatarecommonamonganimals.(冠狀病毒是一種常見的動物病毒)介紹了什么是冠狀病毒，是對問題的回答。故選D?！?7題詳解】本段主要介紹冠狀病毒的癥狀，上句介紹冠狀病毒的癥狀包括流鼻涕，咳嗽，喉嚨痛，可能是頭痛，也可能是發(fā)燒。G項：Theycanlastforacoupleofdays.(它們可以持續(xù)幾天)是介紹癥狀持續(xù)的時間，符合題意。They指代上句的Coronavirussymptoms。故選G。【38題詳解】依據(jù)本段中MiddleEastRespiratorySyndrome,alsoknownastheMERSvirus,和SevereAcuteRespiratorySyndrome,alsoknownasSARS,可知，本段是介紹這兩種冠狀病毒對人類的危害。B項：Thereareahandfulofhumancoronavirusesthatareknowntobedeadly.(已知有幾種人類冠狀病毒是致命的)概括了本段內(nèi)容，引出下文。故選B。【39題詳解】本段介紹冠狀病毒的傳播方式，上句介紹病毒可通過與動物接觸傳播，下句提到SARS的傳播和civetcats有關(guān)，C項ScientiststhinkMERSstartedincamels,accordingtotheWHO.(據(jù)世界衛(wèi)生組織稱，科學(xué)家認為MERS起源于駱駝)與下句并列，指出MERS可能和camels有關(guān)。故選C。第三部分：書面表達（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)閱讀表達（共4小題；第1、2題各2分，第3題3分，第4題5分，共12分）Thelatestsportscrazeisnotevenasport.Accordingtoarecentarticle,“e-sports”areattractingalargenumberofaudience.Ine-sports,playersandteamscompeteinpopularvideocomputergamessuchasDota2andOvenvatch.Fansfillarenastowatchtheactionliveonhugetelevisionscreens.Thegameshavegonewaypastkidsplayingagainsteachotherwhilesittingonasofaathome.TheInternational,amajorcompetitionforplayersofDota2,awarded$24millioninprizes,withthewinnertakinghomealmost$11million.Arecente-sportscompetitionattractedmorethan80,000fanstotheOlympicStadiuminBeijing,China.IhavetoadmitthatIamnotabigfanofcomputergames.Iknowthatsomegamescanbeeducational,butIthinktoomanykidsspendtoomuchtimesittinginfrontofascreenshootingspacealiens.Ithinkitwouldbebetterifkidsspentmoretimereadingorplayingrealsportssuchasbasketball,baseballandsoccer.Andpleasedon’ttellmethatcompetitivegamingisrealsportbecauseitrequireshand-eyecoordination.AccordingtomyAmericanHeritageDictionary,asportis“anactivityinvolvingphysicalexertionandskill.”Idon’tthinkanyoneworksupmuchofasweatplayingvideogames.Toooften,regularsportssendkidsakindofmessage.Competitionstartsearly,whenlotsofkidsarenotreadyfortheupsanddownsofgames.Tryoutsandtravelteamscomenext,givingtoomanykidsthemessagetheyare“notgood”atsports.Solotsofkidsquitsportsandstartplayingmorevideogames.Maybeeveryoneinyouthsports,includingcoaches,parentsandkids,shouldthinkmoreabouttheadvantagesofrealsports.40.Whatare“e-sports”accordingtothetext?41.Whatmighttheauthorthinkof“e-sports”?42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Alotofe-sportsareeducational,andplayersandteamscompeteinpopularvideocomputergames,so,thewriterwritesthispassagetocallonpeopletoplaye-sports.43.Inyouropinion,whatisthestren