職稱英語(yǔ)-職稱英語(yǔ)衛(wèi)生類b級(jí)模擬41

職稱英語(yǔ)衛(wèi)生類B級(jí)模擬41

第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)

請(qǐng)從每個(gè)句子后面所給的選項(xiàng)中選擇一個(gè)與畫線部分意義最相近的詞或短語(yǔ)。

1>BeforetheCivilWar,FrederickDouglass*editorialsfortheNorthStar

urgedrespectfortherightsofallpeople.

A.advocatedB.createdC.foresawD.granted

2、NumerousparallelsexistbetweenErnestHemingway*slifeandthelivesof

hischaracters.

A.studiesB.problemsC.similaritiesD.biases

3、TherearefossilremainsofdinosaursIntherockystrataofeverycontinent.

A.layersB.areasC.peaksD.canyons

4、AlthoughaherdofAfricanelephantsmayhaveuptoonethousand

members,Asiaticelephantsliveinbandsoffivetosixtyanimals.

A.asmanyasB.morethanC.fewerthanD.atleast

5、Jumpingspidershaveexcellenteyesightandcanseetheirpreyfromadistance

twentytimestheirownlength.

A.victimB.targetC.nestD.prize

6、Thedepartmentchairmanrefusedtoauthorizetherequisition.

A.requestB.transferC.grantD.project

7、Machinetoolsvaryinsizefromhandhe1ddevicesusedfordrillingandgrinding

tolargestationarymachinesthatperformanumberofdifferentoperations.

A.existB.expandC.compareD.range

8、Yourplanwillcallforalotofmoney.

A.acquireB.requireC.remindD.degrade

9、Evenwithdetailedknowledgeaboutanarea,geologistscannoteasilylocate

storesofundergroundnaturalgas.

A.varietiesB.mapsC.suppliesD.shops

10、Pearlfishing,orthesearchforpearlbearingoysters,takesplaceinshallow

waters.

A.istaughtB.occursC.isprohibitedD.starts

11>Someabnormalhumanbehaviormaybecausedbyeatingsubstancesthatupset

delicatechemicalbalancesinthebrain.

A.nourishB.favorC.preventD.disturb

12>TheboatsoftheearliestvoyagerstotheNorthAmericancontinentwere

exceptionallywellbuilt.

A.shoesB.plowsC.barnsD.ships

13>Goodhealthisafamily1smostvaluedpossession.

A.noticeableB.usefulC.costlyD.precious

14、Penicillinwasdiscoveredbychancein1928.

A.finallyB.accidentally

C.experimentallyD.opportunely

15、Theconcertwascalledoffduetothestorm.

A.recommendedB.demanded

C?amendedD.cancelled

第2部分：閱讀判斷

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后列出7個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷。

BeesandColour

Onourtableinthegardenweputabluecard,andallaroundthisblue

cardweputanumberofdifferentgreycards.Thesegreycardsareofall

possibleshadesofgreyandincludewhiteandblack.Oneachcardawatch-glass

isplaced.Thewatch-glassonthebluecardhassomesyrup（果汁）init,all

theothersareempty.Afterashorttimebeesfindthesyrupzandtheycome

foritagainandagain.Then,aftersomehourszwetakeawaythewatch-glass

ofsyrupwhichwasonthebluecardandputanemptyoneinitsplace.

Nowwhatdothebeesdo?Theystillgostraighttothebluecard,although

thereisnosyrupthere.Theydonotgotoanyofthegreycards,inspite

ofthefactthatoneofthegreycardsisofexactlythesamebrightnessas

thebluecard.Thusthebeesdonotmistakeanyshadeofgreyforblue.In

thiswaywehaveprovedthattheydoreallyseeblueasacolour.

Wecanfindoutinjustthesamewaywhatothercoloursbeescansee.It

turnsoutthatbeescanseevariouscolourszbuttheseinsectsdifferfrom

usasregardstheircolour-senseintwoveryinterestingways.Supposewe

trainbeestocometoaredcard,and,havingdoneso,weputtheredcard

onthetableinthegardenamongthesetofdifferentgreycards.Thistime

wefindthatthebeesmistakeredfordarkgreyorblack.Theycannotdistinguish

betweenthem.Thismeansthatredisnotacolouratallforbees；forthem

itisjustdarkgreyorblack.

Thatisonestrangefact；hereisanother.Arainbowisredononeedge,violet

ontheother.Outsidethevioletoftherainbowthereisanothercolourwhich

wecannotseeatall.Thiscolourbeyondtheviolet,invisibletous,iscalled

theultra-violet.Althoughitisinvisible,weknowthattheultra-violet

istherebecauseitaffectsaphotographicplate.Now,althoughweareunable

toseeultra-violetlight,beescandoso；forthemultra-violetisacolour.

Thusbeesseeacolourwhichwecannotevenimagine.Thishasbeenfoundout

bytrainingbeestocomeforsyruptovariouspartsofaspectrum,orartificial

rainbow,thrownbyaprismonatableinadarkroom.Insuchanexperiment

theinsectscanbetaughttoflytotheultra-violetzwhichforusisjust

darkness.

16、Theexperimentwithbeesdescribedinthefirstandsecondparagraphs

tellusthatbeesregardblueasacolour.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>Thethirdparagraphtellsusthatbeesalsoregardredasacolour.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18>Theexperimentdescribedinthesecondparagraphaimedtofindoutthat

beesarenotabletoseegreyasaeolour.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19、Anartificialrainbowwascreatedfortheexperimenttoseewhetherbees

canrecognizetheultra-violetasacolour.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20>Thefourthparagraphtellsusthatbeesmaybeharmedbyultra-violet

light.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21、Wecanconcludefromthepassagethatbeesrecognizecoloursinthesame

wayashumanbeings.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、Beesaremoresensitivetocoloursthanhumanbeings.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

閱讀下面這篇短文，短文后有2項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：要求從所給的選項(xiàng)中選擇正確選項(xiàng)，分別

完成每個(gè)句子。

StanfordUniversity

1StanfordUniversity,famousasoneofnorthernCalifornia1sseveral

institutionsofhigherlearning,issometimescalledHtheHarvardoftheWest.

"TheclosenessofStanfordtoSanFrancisco,acitythirty-twomilestothe

north,givestheuniversityadecidectlycosmopolitanflavor.

2ThestudentsareenrolledmainlyfromthewesternUnitedStates.But

mostofthefiftystatessendstudentstoStanford,andmanyforeignstudents

studyhere,aswell.Andstandardsforadmissionremainhigh.Youngmenand

womenareselectedtoentertheuniversityfromtheupperfifteenpercent

oftheirhighschoolclasses.

3NotonlybecauseofthehighcaliberofitsstudentsButalsoBecause

ofthedesirablelocationandclimatezStanfordhasattractedtoitsfacuhy

someoftheworld*smostrespectedscholars.Theuniversitystaffhasincluded

manyNobelPrizewinnerssuchasDr.FelixBloch,Dr.RobertHofstadter,and

Dr.WilliamShockleyinphysics,Dr.AuthorKornbergandDr.JoshuaLederberg

inmedicine,andDr.PaulJ.FloryandDr.LinusPaulinginchemistry.The

RussiannovelistAleksandrSolzhenistsynhasBeeninresidence.Stanford1s

undergraduateschoolofengineeringanditsgraduateschoolsofbusiness,law,

andmedicineareespeciallywe11-regarded.

4Whatisstudentlifelikeon"TheFarm"?Cuhurally,thecampusisa

magnetforBothstudentsandcitizensofnearbycommunities.Playszconcerts,

andoperasareperformedintheuniversity1sseveralauditoriumsandinits

outdoortheater,wheregraduationsarealsoheld.Severalfilmseriesare

presentedduringtheschoolyear.Guestlecturersfrompublicandacademic

lifefrequentlyappearoncampus.Intheevenings,manystudentsgatherto

socializeintheStudentUnion*scoffeehouse；heretheBeveragesandthe

atmospherebothhaveadecidedlyEuropeanflavor.Forthesports-minded,the

Stanfordcampusoffershighlydevelopedathleticfacilities.Teamsports,

swimming,andtrackandfieldactivityareallverymuchpartoftheStanford

picture.Soarebicyclingandjogging.

5InadditiontofinancialsupportfromalumnizStanfordreceivesgrants

fromthegovernmentandfromprivatephilanthropicfoundations.Inrecent

yearszgovernmentgrantshavemadepossibleadvancedstudiesinthefields

ofhistory,psychology,education,andatomicenergy.AtpresentsStanford

iscarryingoutanambitiousbuildingprogram,financedinpartbytheFord

Foundation1s25milliongrant.Recentlyaddedtothecampusareanewphysics

building,newschoolofbusiness,newgraduateschooloflaw,newstudent

union,andundergraduatelibrary.

A.Colorfullifeonthecampus

B.Intelligentstudentbody

C.Schooladministration

D.Distinguishedfaculty

E.Substantialfinancialsupport

F.TheHarvardoftheWest

23、Paragraph2

24、Paragraph3

25、Paragraph4

26、Paragraph5

A.theycanfindthebeststudents

B.theuniversity1sacademicadvancementandphysicalextension

C.someofthemostdistinguishedscholarsoftheworld

D.whereasportsmeetisheldeveryyear

E.musthavebeenthetopstudentsintheirclass

F.mustbehardworking

27、ThosehighschoolgraduateswhocanenterStanfordUniversity

28、Manyprofessorsliketoteachinthisuniversitypartlybecausehere

29、Onthefacultyoftheuniversitythereare.

30、Financialsupportfrombothprivateorganizationsandthegovernmenthas

madepossible.

第4部分：閱讀理解

閱讀短文并根據(jù)短文回答其后面的問(wèn)題

Late-nightDrinking

Coffeeloversbeware.Havingaquick"pick-me-up"cupofcoffeellatein

thedaywillplayhavocwithyoursleep.Aswellasbeingastimulantzcaffeine

interruptstheflowofmelatonin,thebrainhormonethatsendspeopleinto

asleep.

Melatoninlevelsnormallystarttoriseabouttwohoursbeforebedtime.

Levelsthenpeakbetween2a.m.and4a.m.,beforefallingagain."It1s

theneurohormonethatcontrolsoursleepandtellsourbodywhentosleep

andwhentowake,”saysMauriceOhayonoftheStanfordSleepEpidemio1ogy

ResearchCenteratStanfordUniversityinCalifornia.ButresearchersinIsrael

havefoundthatcaffeinatedcoffeehalvesthebody1slevelsofthissleep

hormone.

LotanShiloandateamattheSapirMedicalCenterinTelAvivUniversity

foundthatsixvolunteerssleptlesswellafteracupofcaffeinatedcoffee

thanafterdrinkingthesameamountofdecal.Onaverage,subjectsslept336

minutespernightafterdrinkingcaffeinatedcoffee,comparedwith415minutes

afterdecal.Theyalsotookhalfanhourtodropoff-twiceaslongasusual-and

jiggedaroundinbedtwiceasmuch.

Inthesecondphaseoftheexperimentztheresearcherswolfethevolunteers

everythreehoursandaskedthemtogiveaurinesample.Shilomeasured

concentrationsofabreakdownproductofmelatonin.Theresultssuggestthat

melatoninconcentrationsincaffeinedrinkerswerehalfthoseindecaldrinkers.

InapaperacceptedforpublicationinSleepMedicine,theresearcherssuggest

thatcaffeineblocksproductionoftheenzymethatdrivesmelatoninproduction.

Becauseitcantakemanyhourstoeliminatecaffeinefromthebody,Ohayon

recommendsthatcoffeeloversswitchtodecalafterlunch.

31>Theauthormentions"pick-me-up"toindicatethat.

A.melatoninlevelsneedtoberaised

B.neurohormonecanwakeusup

C.coffeeisastimulant

D.decalisacaffeinatedcoffee

32、Whichofthefollowingtellsushowcaffeineaffectssleep?

A.Caffeineblocksproductionoftheenzymethatstopsmelatoninproduction.

B.Caffeineinterruptstheflowofthehormonethatpreventspeoplefrom

sleeping.

C.Caffeinehalvesthebody*slevelsofsleephormone.

D.Caffeinestaysinthebodyformanyhours.

33、Whatdoesparagraph3mainlydiscuss?

A.Differenteffectsofcaffeinatedcoffeeanddecafonsleep.

B.DifferentfindingsofLotanShiloandateamaboutcaffeine.

C.Thefactthatthesubjectsslept415minutespernightafterdrinking

decaf.

D?Theevidencethatthesubjectstookhalfanhourtofallasleep.

34、Whatdoestheexperimentmentionedinparagraph4prove?

A.Therearemoreenzymesindecafdrinkers*urinesample.

B.Therearemoremelatoninconcentrationsincaffeinedrinkers1urine

sample.

C.Decafdrinkersproducelessmelatonin.

D.Caffeinedrinkersproducelesssleephormone.

35、Theauthorofthispassageprobablyagreesthat.

A.coffeeloverssleeplessthanthosewhodonotdrinkcoffee

B.weshouldnotdrinkcoffeeaftersupper

C.peoplesleepmoresoundlyatmidnightthanat3a.m.

D.ifwefeelsleepyatnightzweshouldgotobedimmediately

弟一^扁

SleepLetsBrainFileMemories

Tosleep.Perchancetofile?Findingspublishedonlinethisweekbythe

ProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesfurthersupportthetheory

thatthebrainorganizesandstowsmemoriesformedduringthedaywhilethe

restofthebodyiscatchingzzz1s.

GyorgyBuzsakiofRutgersuniversityandhiscolleaguesanalyzedthebrain

wavesofsleepingratsandmice.Specifically,theyexaminedtheelectrical

activityemanatingfromthesomatosensoryneocortex(anareathatprocesses

sensoryinformation)andthehippocampus,whichisacenterforlearningand

memory.Thescientistsfoundthatoscillationinbrainwavesfromthetwo

regionsappeartobeintertwined.So-calledsleepspindles(burstsofactivity

fromtheneocortex)werefollowedtensofmillisecondslaterbybeatsinthe

hippocampusknownasripples.Theteampositsthatthisinterplaybetween

thetwobrainregionsisakeystepinmemoryconsolidation.

Asecondstudy,alsopublishedonlinethisweekbytheProceedingsofthe

NationalAcademyofSciences,linksage-associatedmemorydeclinetohigh

glucoselevels.

Previousresearchhadshownthatindividualswithdiabetessufferfrom

increasedmemoryproblems.Inthenewwork,AntonioConvitofNewYorkUniversity

SchoolofMedicineandhiscollaboratorsstudied30peoplewhoseaverageage

was69toinvestigatewhethersugarlevelszwhichtendtoincreasewithage,

affectmemoryinhealthypeopleaswell.Thescientistsadministeredrecall

tests,brainscansandglucosetolerancetests,whichmeasurehowquickly

sugarisabsorbedfromthebloodbythebody1stissues.Subjectswiththe

poorestmemoryrecollection,theteamdiscovered,alsodisplayedthepoorest

glucosetolerance.Inaddition,theirbrainscansshowedmorehippocampus

shrinkagethanthoseofsubjectsbetterabletoabsorbbloodsugar.

"Ourstudysuggeststhatthisimpairmentmaycontributetothememory-

deficitsthatoccuraspeopleage.11Convitsays."Anditraisestheintriguing

possibilitythatimprovingglucosetolerancecouldreversesomeage-associated

problemsincognition"Exerciseandweightcontrolcanhelpkeepglucoselevels

incheck,sotheremaybeonemorereasontogotothegym.

36、Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnearestinmeaningtothesentence

“Tosleep.Perchancetofile"?_______

A.Doesbrainhavememorieswhenoneissleeping?

B.Doesbrainarrangememoriesinusefulorderduringsleep?

C.Doesbrainworkonfilesinsleep?

D.Doesbrainrememberfilesafteronefailsasleep?

37、Whatistheresultoftheexperimentwithratsandmicecarriedoutat

RutgersUniversity?_______

A.Oscillationsinbrainwavesarefromhippocampus.

B.Theelectricalactivityisemanatingfromthesomatosensoryneocortex.

C.Somatosensoryneocortexplaysaprimaryroleinmemoryconsolidation.

D.Somatosensoryneocortexandhippocampusworktogetherinmemory

consolidation.

38、Whatistherelationofmemorytoglucosetolerance,asisindicatedby

aresearchmentionedinparagraph4?_______

A.Peoplewithgoodmemoryhavelowglucosetolerance.

B.Peoplewithpoormemoryhavehighglucosetolerance.

C.Thepoorerthememory,thepoorerglucosetolerance.

D.Memorylevelhasnothingtodowithglucosetolerance.

39、Inwhatwayismemoryrelatedtohippocampusshrinkage?

A.Themorehippocampusshrinks,thepoorerone1smemory.

B.Thereisnorelationbetweenmemoryandhippocampusshrinkage.

C.Thelesshippocampusshrinks,thepoorerone1smemory.

D.Themorehippocampusshrinks,thebetterone1smemory.

40、Accordingtothelastparagraph,whatistheultimatereasonforgoing

tothegym?_______

A.Tocontrolweight.

B.Topreventhippocampusshrinkage.

C.Tocontrolglucoselevels.

D.Toexercise.

第三篇

High-speedRailonTrack

IfanagreementsignedinGermanyworksout,travellersofthisAsiancity

mayonedaybeabletozipfromthedowntownareatoitsnewairportona

trainridingastreamofmagneticenergyatspeedsupto500kilometresper

hour.

The40-kilometres-trip-nowsometimesalonghourjourneywhenthetraffic

isheavy-couldbecuttolessthan10minutes.

Sucharethegoalsofacostlyprojectdesignedtohelpto"shorten*the

distancebetweenthecitycentreandthesuburbanbusyairportbymakingit

easierandfastertocarrytravellerstoandbackfromtheairport.

ThemayorofthecityandGermany1sThyssenKruppAGworkedoutanagreement

inBerlinonlyseveraldaysagothatlaysthegroundworkforthemagnetic

levitationtrainline.Theysignedacommitmenttocarryoutafeasibility

studyontheprojectandoutlinedthecity*sintentiontoimportGerman

technology.Thisproject,oncecompletedandacceptabletothetwobusiness

partieszwillbeadouble-win,theGermancompanycanbenefitfromexporting

itstechnologyandequipmentandthecityreceivingGermantechnologycan

improveitstrafficandfurtherstrengthenitspositionasaCosmopolis.

CalledMaglevforshort,thesystemunderdiscussionmakesuseofahigh-speed

trainlevitatedaboveaguidewayandpropelledbymagneticfields.Theproject

hasbeeninthetalkingstageforseveralmonths.

HansUeberschaer,German1sambassadorvisitedthecitytogetherwithHarmut

HeinezrepresentativeofThyssenKrupp.Theyhadaninitialdiscussionwith

themayorthereabouttheprospectoftheproject.Thetalkswerebelieved

tobeconstructiveandpavedthewayforthefuturetalksinBerlin,where

acommitmentwasreached.

SourcesfamiliarwiththetalksestimatedthattheprojectwouldcostUS$723

million,whichwouldcovereverythingfromlandusefeesandrailconstruction

totraincars.Completiondateis2005.Ajointventurecompanyistobe

establishedfortheproject.

41、WhopavedthewayforfurthernegotiationsinBerlin?

A.Themayor.

B.BoththeGermanambassadorandthemayor.

C.TheGermanambassador.

D.TherepresentativefromtheGermancompany.

42、Whatwasthesignedcommitmentmainlyabout?

A.FinalizingthepaymentofUS$723million.

B.Establishingajointventurecompany.

C.Conductingafeasibilitystudy.

D.OutliningtheGermancompany*sintentiontoexportitstechnology.

43、WhatisthemainfeatureofMaglev?

A.TheMaglevtrain"floatsHabovetheguidewayandziptoitsdestination.

B.TheMaglevtrainzipstoitsdestinationontherailway.

C.TheMaglevtrainzipstoitsdestinationonadoubleguideway.

D.TheMaglevtraincancarrymorepassengersthantheelectrictrain.

44、Howlargewillbethesuccessrateoftheagreementsignedbythetwo

businesspartiesaccordingtothepassage?_______

A.ItisverylikelythatthecitywillhaveaGerman-builtMaglevline.

B.ItisverylikelythatKruppwillbantheexportofitstechnology.

C.Itisverylikelythatthecitycannot