云南省三校聯(lián)考2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期5月月考英語試題【含答案解析】

英語注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必用黑色碳素筆將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)、考場號(hào)、座位號(hào)在答題卡上填寫清楚。2.每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。在試題卷上作答無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。滿分120分，考試用時(shí)100分鐘。第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AVolunteersWanted:CaringRidesCareGiversisseekingvolunteersforitsCaringRidesprogram,servinghomeboundseniors(居家老人)inNewHampshire.Volunteeringiseasy,andweofferflexibleopportunitiesbuiltaroundyourschedule,whetheryouvolunteeronceaweek,onceamonthoronanas-neededbasis.Volunteersneedtodriveseniorstomedicalappointments,dentalvisitsoradrugstore.Sometimes,youneedtoshopforthemorrunerrands(差事)onbehalfofindividuals.Takingaclientonaround-tripusuallytakesanhourofyourtime,andourrequirementsarethatyouhaveacar,validdriver’slicenseandafriendlyattitude.ForhundredsofseniorsinNewHampshire,doingsomethingassimpleasgettingtoamedicalappointmentorpickingupmedicationatalocaldrugstoreisanecessity—butsadly,notanoption.Mostlivealone,andcannotdriveoraccessreliabletransportation.Theyrelyonournetworkofvolunteers.Butmorethan200seniorsacrosstheareaareonwaitingliststoreceivetheseservices,manyofwhomhavetocanceldoctorappointmentsandhavedifficultiesgainingadequateaccesstothefoodtheyneed.That’swhereYOUcancomein.YouTrulyMakeaDifferenceintheLifeofaLocalSeniorFortheseseniors,ournetworkofvolunteersistheirlifeline.Whileprovidingarideforaseniorinneedmayseemlikeasmalltask,it’ssignificantandlife-changingforthoseweserve:●Youcanhelpthemavoidcommonfeelingsofisolationandlonelinesstheyhave.●Youcanensuretheymaintainaccesstomedicalneeds,foodandotheressentialskeytotheirphysicalhealth,emotionalwell-beingandoverallqualityoflife.●Youcanmakethemrealizethattheycanageinadignifiedmannerinsidetheirhomesforaslongaspossible.Tosignupsimplyfilloutthecontactformonthispageandwewillbeintouchwithyouthenextsteps!1.Whichofthefollowingservicesshouldvolunteersoffertohomeboundseniors?A.Cookingmealsforthem. B.Doingbusinesswiththem.C.Takingthemtoseeadoctor. D.Spendingsometimewiththem.2.Whatquestionisansweredinparagraph4?A.Whydofewseniorsownaprivatevehicle?B.WhydoesCareGiversneedmorevolunteers?C.WhydomanyseniorswanttojoinCareGivers?D.WhydoesCareGiversstartitsCaringRidesprogram?3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Anewspaper. B.ATVprogram.C.CareGivers’website. D.CareGivers’brochure.【答案】1.C2.B3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是一則招募CaringRides志愿者的廣告。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Volunteersneedtodriveseniorstomedicalappointments,dentalvisitsoradrugstore.(志愿者需要開車送老年人去看醫(yī)生、看牙醫(yī)或去藥店。)”可知，志愿者應(yīng)該帶老人去看醫(yī)生。故選C項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段中“ForhundredsofseniorsinNewHampshire,doingsomethingassimpleasgettingtoamedicalappointmentorpickingupmedicationatalocaldrugstoreisanecessity—butsadly,notanoption.Mostlivealone,andcannotdriveoraccessreliabletransportation.Theyrelyonournetworkofvolunteers.(對(duì)于新罕布什爾州的數(shù)百名老年人來說，做一些簡單的事情，比如去看醫(yī)生或在當(dāng)?shù)厮幍曩I藥，是必須的，但遺憾的是，他們沒有選擇。大多數(shù)人獨(dú)居，不能開車，也沒有可靠的交通工具。他們依靠我們的志愿者網(wǎng)絡(luò)。)”可知，本段說明了為什么CareGivers需要更多的志愿者。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“CareGiversisseekingvolunteersforitsCaringRidesprogram,servinghomeboundseniors(居家老人)inNewHampshire.(CareGivers正在為其CaringRides項(xiàng)目尋找志愿者，該項(xiàng)目為新罕布什爾州的居家老年人提供服務(wù)。)”和最后一段“Tosignup,simplyfilloutthecontactformonthispageandwewillbeintouchwithyouthenextsteps!(要注冊(cè)，只需填寫此頁面上的聯(lián)系表格，我們將在下一步與你聯(lián)系！)”可以推知，本文來自CareGivers網(wǎng)站。故選C項(xiàng)。BIstartedcollectingshoppinglistsaround1997.Oneday,Iwasshoppingformydaughter’sbirthdaypartyinStLouis,Missouri,wherewelived.Afterleavingthestore,Icameacrossayellownoteintheparkinglot.Ipickeditupanditwassomebody’sshoppinglist.Ithought,“That’sinteresting.Well,wheneverIseeone,Iwillkeepit.”Peoplecollectallsortsofthingsyouwouldneverexpect.It’sasifalltheseseparate,unimportantthings,whenputtogetherasacollection,suddenlybecomerevealing.ThefirstlistIfoundwasnothingspecial.Butafteryouseealotofthem,theweirdonesstickout.OneIfoundisalonglistofstuffandthen,inthemargin(空白處),someonehadwritten:“Ifyoubuyanymorerice,I’llpunchyou.”Anotheronesaysatthebottom:“NOMORECHIPS,JESSICA”.Theshoppinglistprojectstartedslowly.Atfirst,itwasjustmeandpeopleIknewwhowouldsavelistsforme.Then,atthebeginningofthe2000s,Iputitonline.Atthatpoint,blogsweregoingmainstream.Ihadpeoplemessagingme,saying,“Iworkatagrocerystoreandhavemyownlittlecollection,butIamnotgoingtodoanythingwiththem.Doyouwantthem?”SoIstartedreceivinglistsfromeverywhereintheworld.Itseemedtherewasanever-endingsupply.Atfirst,Ikeptmylistsinanenvelope.Then,asthecollectiongrew,theywenttoagrocerybag,acardboardboxandfinallyalargeplasticstoragebin.In2012,Iwasapproachedbyapublisherwhowantedtoturnmycollectionintoabook.ThenIstartedgoingthroughallmylists,figuringoutwaystocategorizeandinterpretthem.Listscantellyouallsortsofthingsaboutaperson.Someofthemareorganizedanddividelistsintosections—fruit,vegetables,dairy.Mostofthemarenot.Someareonabudget.Theprojectiscontinuing,butitgrowsmoreslowlynow.Peoplecan’thelppeekingintothesecretlivesofothers,buttechnologyhasmadeshoppinglistsmoreprivate.Mostpeopleuseapps,likeIdo.Iguesstheremightnotbeanotherbook.4.Howdidtheauthorstartcollectingshoppinglists?A.Itwasbychance. B.Itwasoutofinterest.C.Itwasforhisdaughter’sbirthday. D.Itwasinspiredbyashoppingexperience.5.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthor’sshoppinglistproject?A.Itwoninstantfame. B.Itgotworldwidesupport.C.Ithelpedsolvefamilyconflict. D.Itwasfundedbyagrocerystore.6.Whydidtheauthorgothroughhiscollectionin2012?A.Tosaveroomformorelists. B.Tomakepreparationsforabook.C.Todigoutstoriesbehindeachlist. D.Topickoutsomelistsforapublisher.7.Howisthetextdeveloped?A.Bygivingvividexamples. B.Byshowingrelevantfacts.C.Byfollowingthetimeorder. D.Byexplainingvariousideas.【答案】4.A5.B6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者的“購物清單收藏史”。一次偶然的機(jī)遇，作者撿到了一張購物清單，出于興趣，開始了自己的收藏。從開始時(shí)的緩慢推進(jìn)，到收到世界各地的購物清單，到可以出版成書，再到現(xiàn)如今緩慢發(fā)展，作者的收藏將看起來不重要的東西匯集成有意義的東西?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容“Oneday,Iwasshoppingformydaughter’sbirthdaypartyinStLouis,Missouri,wherewelived.Afterleavingthestore,Icameacrossayellownoteintheparkinglot.Ipickeditupanditwassomebody’sshoppinglist.Ithought,‘That’sinteresting.Well,wheneverIseeone,Iwillkeepit.’(有一天，我在密蘇里州圣路易斯為女兒的生日派對(duì)購物，我們就住在那里。離開商店后，我在停車場看到一張黃色的紙條。我撿起它，它是某人的購物清單。我想，“這很有趣。好吧，每當(dāng)我看到一個(gè)，我都會(huì)保留它?！?”可知，作者偶然間撿到了一張購物清單，發(fā)現(xiàn)很有趣，于是開始了自己的“購物清單收藏之旅”。由此推知，是一個(gè)偶然的機(jī)會(huì)讓作者開始收藏購物清單。故選A項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段內(nèi)容“SoIstartedreceivinglistsfromeverywhereintheworld.(所以我開始收到來自世界各地的購物清單。)”可知，作者的收藏得到了世界各地的支持，收到了來自世界各地的購物清單。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段內(nèi)容“In2012,Iwasapproachedbyapublisherwhowantedtoturnmycollectionintoabook.ThenIstartedgoingthroughallmylists,figuringoutwaystocategorizeandinterpretthem.(2012年，一位出版商找我，想把我的收藏變成一本書。然后我開始瀏覽我所有的購物清單，找出分類和解釋它們的方法。)”可知，一位出版商想把作者的收藏變成一本書，因此作者開始瀏覽所有的購物清單為此做準(zhǔn)備。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段首句“Istartedcollectingshoppinglistsaround1997.(我大約在1997年開始收藏購物清單。)”，第三段內(nèi)容“Then,atthebeginningofthe2000s,Iputitonline.(然后，在21世紀(jì)初，我把它放到了網(wǎng)上。)”，第五段內(nèi)容“In2012,Iwasapproachedbyapublisherwhowantedtoturnmycollectionintoabook.(2012年，一位出版商找我，想把我的收藏變成一本書。)”以及末尾段內(nèi)容“Theprojectiscontinuing,butitgrowsmoreslowlynow.(這個(gè)項(xiàng)目還在繼續(xù)，但現(xiàn)在發(fā)展得更慢了。)”可知，作者按照時(shí)間發(fā)展的順序講述自己的“收藏史”。由此推知，文章是按照時(shí)間發(fā)展順序展開的。故選C項(xiàng)。CThoughyoumaynotknowit,abouthalfabillionpeopleworldwidedependontheecosystemscreatedandsupportedbycorals.Andwithclimatechangethreateningtheirsurvival,marinescientistEnricSalahadanideathatmighthaveseemedimpossible.“Wewantedtogetintoatimemachine,gobackhundredsofyearsandactuallyseeacoralreefliketheyusedtobeeverywhere,beforewestartedexploiting(開發(fā))them,pollutingthemandkillingthemallovertheworld,”Salasaid.Theideawas,inessence,madepossibleduringanexpeditionthatSalaledin2009.TheteamtraveledtoacorneroftheSouthPacificOcean,andfoundsomeuntouchedreefs.HisteampresentedtheirfindingstoofficialsintheislandcountryofKiribati.ThentheKiribatigovernmenttookstepstoprotectthewatersfromfishingandotherhumanactivities,butbetween2015and2016,recordlevelsofoceanwarmingkilledhalfthecoralreefstheteamhadfound.Afterhearingthatnews,theylosthopeforthehealthofcoralreefs.Butthestudycontinued,andlastyear,theywentinforanotherdive.Despitethereportedconditions,Salaandhisteamfoundthatthereefshadsomehowrestoredthemselves,filledwithlifeandcoloroncemore.Thisresurrection(復(fù)興)issomethingthatSalasayscanbetracedtotwokeyfactors.Thefirstis,thankfully,halfofthecoralshadnotdied,aswaspreviouslythought.Despitetheriseintemperatures,therewereenoughsurvivingcoralsleftbehindtohelpreproducethereefs.ThesecondfactoristheKiribatigovernment’sdecisiontofullyprotectthosewaters.“Thereareabundantfishspecies.Theyeatallthealgaethatwouldsmother(窒息)thecorals,makingitpossibleforthecoralstocomeback,”Salaexplained.“Soifsomecountrieswantafutureforthefisheries,theyneedtomanagetheirfisheriesinamoreresponsiblewayaroundareasthataresetasidetohelpregeneratetherestoftheocean,”Salasaid.Forhimandhisteam,therebirthofthecoralreefsinKiribatiisabeaconofhopeamongsomuchpessimism(悲觀主義)surroundingthefutureofreefs.8.WhatdidEnricSalawanttodoaccordingtohiswordsinparagraph2?A.Studysomeuntouchedcoralreefs. B.Developtechnologyfortimetravel.C.Raiseawarenessaboutseaprotection. D.Restorecoralreefstotheiroriginalstate.9.Whatledtothedeathofhalfthecoralreefsbetween2015and2016?A.Habitatdestruction. B.Climatechange.C.Waterpollution. D.Biodiversityloss.10.WhichfactorhelpedthecoralreefsinKiribatirestorethemselves?A.Fallofoceantemperature. B.Introductionofnewfishspecies.C.Officialfundingforrestorationefforts. D.Sufficientsurvivingcoralsforreproduction.11.WhatisEnricSala’ssuggestiontosomecountries?A.Killingallthealgaeintheocean. B.Reducingdependenceonfisheries.C.Protectingtheoceanfromoverfishing. D.Strengtheningcooperationwithscientists.【答案】8.D9.B10.D11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章報(bào)道了海洋科學(xué)家EnricSala為保護(hù)恢復(fù)珊瑚礁所做的努力?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中Sala所說“Wewantedtogetintoatimemachine,gobackhundredsofyearsandactuallyseeacoralreefliketheyusedtobeeverywhere,beforewestartedexploiting(開發(fā))them,pollutingthemandkillingthemallovertheworld(我們想進(jìn)入一臺(tái)時(shí)光機(jī)，回到幾百年前，真正看到珊瑚礁，就像我們開始在世界各地開采、污染和殺害它們之前一樣。)”可知，Sala想恢復(fù)珊瑚礁的原始狀態(tài)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“ThentheKiribatigovernmenttookstepstoprotectthewatersfromfishingandotherhumanactivities,butbetween2015and2016,recordlevelsofoceanwarmingkilledhalfthecoralreefstheteamhadfound.(然后基里巴斯政府采取措施保護(hù)水域不受捕魚和其他人類活動(dòng)的影響，但在2015年至2016年期間，創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的海洋變暖水平殺死了該團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)的一半珊瑚礁。)”可知，2015年至2016年間，氣候變化導(dǎo)致了一半珊瑚礁的死亡。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“Thefirstis,thankfully,halfofthecoralshadnotdied,aswaspreviouslythought.Despitetheriseintemperatures,therewereenoughsurvivingcoralsleftbehindtohelpreproducethereefs.(首先，謝天謝地，一半的珊瑚沒有像之前認(rèn)為的那樣死亡。盡管氣溫上升，但仍有足夠的幸存珊瑚留下來幫助珊瑚礁繁殖。)”可知，有足夠的幸存珊瑚進(jìn)行繁殖可以幫助珊瑚礁恢復(fù)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第七段中“Thereareabundantfishspecies.Theyeatallthealgaethatwouldsmother(窒息)thecorals,makingitpossibleforthecoralstocomeback.(這里有豐富的魚類。它們吃掉所有會(huì)使珊瑚窒息的藻類，使珊瑚有可能回來。)”和第八段中“Soifsomecountrieswantafutureforthefisheries,theyneedtomanagetheirfisheriesinamoreresponsiblewayaroundareasthataresetasidetohelpregeneratetherestoftheocean.(因此，如果一些國家想要漁業(yè)的未來，他們需要以更負(fù)責(zé)任的方式管理他們的漁業(yè)，這些漁業(yè)是為了幫助海洋的其他部分再生而留出的。)”可知，Sala建議一些國家保護(hù)海洋免受過度捕撈。故選C項(xiàng)。DThefirstthingIlearnedaboutshoppingaftermovingtoTexasfromtheCaribbeanwasthis:GotoGoodwill.WhenIneededmyfirstjacket,IwenttoGoodwill.Whenthecarpetinmystudiogotdirty,IboughtavacuumcleaneratGoodwill.WhatIdidn’tknowatthetimewasthatIwasparticipatinginthebillion-dollarindustryofusedgoods.AfterreadingjournalistAdamMinter’sSecondhand:TravelsInTheNewGlobalGarageSale,InowunderstandhowitworksnotonlyintheUSbutacrosstheworld.Ialsounderstandthatmostpeoplearehoarders—humansalwaysputemotionalvalueonworthlessitems,andwenowcollectthingsandfillthespacearoundusfasterthanatanyothertimeinhumanhistory.InSecondhand,Minterstartswithastrangequestion:Whathappenstopeople’sstuffwhentheydie?Heanswersthequestioninthefirstchapter—butthisonlyopensadoorintothehidden,billion-dollarindustryofreuse.Withakeeneyefordetailandthecuriousmindofajournalist,Mintertakesreadersfromthriftstores(舊貨商店)allacrosstheUStosmallapartmentsandvintageshopsinTokyo,andfromatruckinMexicotoanofficeinMumbai,toshowtheinnerworkingsofoneoftheworld’slargestmarkets.Alongtheway,heinterviewsmanyfascinatingpeoplewhomakealivingbybuyingandsellingwhatothersdiscardorleavebehindaftertheirdeaths,allwhilewonderingwhatthefutureholdsforthisbusinessinanerawhenconsumerswantnewthings.TosaySecondhandisabookaboutreusingandresellingwouldbeunfairtoMinter.Sure,reuseisatthecoreofthebook,butitalsodealswithcultureandconsumptionpatternsonaglobalscale.Italsooffersalookintotherelationshipspeopleestablishwiththingsandhowthosecrumble(破碎)withtimeanddeath.Whiletheused-goodsbusinessdoesn’tstandachanceagainstthelow-costgoodsthathavespreadgloballyoverthelastfortyyears,thetruthisthatitwillbedecadesbeforeitdisappearsentirely.Secondhandisagoodbooktounderstandit,abookwrittenwithalotofheartandwithpeople—notthings—asitsfocus.12.WhatdoweknowaboutGoodwillfromthetext?A.Itsellsdifferentsecondhanditems.B.ItprovidessupportfornewcomerstoTexas.C.Itisafashionbrandknownforitscheapclothes.D.ItiswheretheauthorboughtAdamMinter’sbook.13.WhatisthefirstchapterofSecondhandabout?A.Theglobalmarketsizeofusedgoods. B.AdamMinter’sjourneysforhisbook.C.Somequestionsabouttheindustryofreuse. D.Fateofpeople’sbelongingsaftertheirdeaths.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“discard”inparagraph3mean?A.Handle. B.Checkon. C.Separate. D.Throwaway.15.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthefutureoftheused-goodsbusiness?A.Itwilldeclineduetoonlineshopping. B.Itwilldisappearentirelyinafewyears.C.Itwillcontinuetoexistdespitechallenges. D.Itwillbebiggerthanthenewgoodsbusiness.【答案】12.A13.D14.D15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇議論文，文章主要討論如何處置用過的東西以及與此有關(guān)的書籍《二手物品》。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“WhenIneededmyfirstjacket,IwenttoGoodwill.Whenthecarpetinmystudiogotdirty,IboughtavacuumcleaneratGoodwill.WhatIdidn’tknowatthetimewasthatIwasparticipatinginthebillion-dollarindustryofusedgoods.(當(dāng)我需要我的第一件衛(wèi)衣時(shí)，我去了二手商城。當(dāng)我工作室的地毯臟了，我在二手商城買了一臺(tái)真空吸塵器。我當(dāng)時(shí)不知道的是，我正在參與一個(gè)價(jià)值數(shù)十億美元的二手商品產(chǎn)業(yè))”可知，二手商城售賣各種二手商品，故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“InSecondhand,Minterstartswithastrangequestion:Whathappenstopeople’sstuffwhentheydie?Heanswersthequestioninthefirstchapter(在《二手物品》中，Minter以一個(gè)奇怪的問題開始：人死后，他們的東西會(huì)怎么樣？他在第一章中回答了這個(gè)問題)”可知，《二手物品》的第一章是關(guān)于人們死后他們的東西的命運(yùn)，故選D?！?4題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“butthisonlyopensadoorintothehidden,billion-dollarindustryofreuse(但這只是打開了一扇通向隱藏的、價(jià)值數(shù)十億美元的再利用行業(yè)的大門)”可知，此處是關(guān)于再利用行業(yè)，即二手商品行業(yè)，結(jié)合劃線詞后“orleavebehindaftertheirdeaths(死后留下)”可知，劃線詞所在句意為“在這個(gè)過程中，他采訪了許多令人著迷的人，他們通過買賣別人丟棄或死后留下的東西來謀生，同時(shí)也想知道在這個(gè)消費(fèi)者想要新東西的時(shí)代，這個(gè)行業(yè)的未來會(huì)怎樣”，discard意為“丟棄”，故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Whiletheused-goodsbusinessdoesn’tstandachanceagainstthelow-costgoodsthathavespreadgloballyoverthelastfortyyears,thetruthisthatitwillbedecadesbeforeitdisappearsentirely.(盡管二手物品業(yè)務(wù)在過去40年里沒有機(jī)會(huì)與全球范圍內(nèi)擴(kuò)散的低成本商品相抗衡，但事實(shí)是，要完全淘汰它還需要幾十年的時(shí)間)”可知，作者認(rèn)為盡管面臨挑戰(zhàn)，二手物品行業(yè)將繼續(xù)存在，故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Weallformhabitsweperformautomaticallyinresponsetoacueoratrigger(誘因).____16____Thegoodonesproducebeneficialresultswithoutrequiringtoomuchbrainpower.Butsomecanhavenegativeeffectsinthelongtermandoftenneedtobebroken.Buthowdoyoubreakahabit?Therearethreestrategies:stopthebehavior,stopsubjectingyourselftothetrigger,orassociatethetriggerwithanew,similarlysatisfyingbehavior.Forexample,maybeyouexperienceadesireforpopcornassoonasyouwalkintoamovietheater.Themovietheateristhetrigger,andpopcornbuyingandeatingarethebehaviors.Tobreakthishabit,youhavetheseoptions:One,tellyourself“nopopcorn”eachtimeyougotothemovietheater.____17____Three,replacepopcornwithanewsnackthatbetterfitsyournutritionalgoals.Anotherexample,likenailbiting,issubconsciousanddonefrequentlythroughouttheday.____18____Whileit’sgoodtofigureouttheunderlyingcause,itmightbedifficulttocatchyourselfbitingyournailsateverymomentofstressorboredom.It’slikelybettertoreplacenailbitingwithanotherphysicalstressresponse.Alternatively,youcoulduseastressballtoincreaseyourawarenessofthenail-bitinghabit.Thekeytothereplacementstrategyistomakesurethatthenewhabitisappealing.Replacingdailysmartphonetimewithadailyrunjustwon’tworkinthelongterm.____19________20____Andthere’snoevidencethatitwilltaketheoft-touted(經(jīng)常吹捧的)21days.Astudyof96peopleshowedthatindividualstookbetween18and254daystoformahabit,ausefultiptoknowifyou’reusingthereplacementstrategytogetridofahabit.A.Theycanbegoodorbad.B.Adailywalkismuchbetter.C.Noteveryhabit-breakingstrategyworks.D.Two,avoidgoingtothemovietheateratall.EYoumightnotevenknowwhat’striggeringit.F.Two,reducethenumberofvisitstothemovietheater.G.Whicheverstrategyyouchoose,thekeyistodoitrepeatedly.【答案】16.A17.D18.E19.B20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。短文就如何改掉習(xí)慣給出了一些策略?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Thegoodonesproducebeneficialresultswithoutrequiringtoomuchbrainpower.Butsomecanhavenegativeeffectsinthelongtermandoftenneedtobebroken.”（好的習(xí)慣不需要太多的腦力就能產(chǎn)生有益的結(jié)果。但從長遠(yuǎn)來看，有些習(xí)慣可能會(huì)產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響，往往需要打破。）可知，習(xí)慣有好有壞。故A選項(xiàng)“習(xí)慣可以是好的，也可以是壞的”切題。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“One,tellyourself“nopopcorn”eachtimeyougotothemovietheater.”（第一，每次去電影院時(shí)告訴自己“不要吃爆米花”。）根據(jù)下文“Three,replacepopcornwithanewsnackthatbetterfitsyournutritionalgoals.”（第三，用一種更符合你營養(yǎng)目標(biāo)的新零食代替爆米花。）可知，空處要說第二點(diǎn)內(nèi)容。故D選項(xiàng)“第二，完全不要去電影院。”切題。故選D項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Anotherexample,likenailbiting,issubconsciousanddonefrequentlythroughouttheday.”（另一個(gè)例子，就像咬指甲一樣，是潛意識(shí)的，并且在一天中經(jīng)常發(fā)生。）可知，并不知道是什么原因咬指甲。故E選項(xiàng)“你可能都不知道是什么原因”。故選E項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Replacingdailysmartphonetimewithadailyrunjustwon’tworkinthelongterm.”（從長遠(yuǎn)來看，用每天跑步來取代每天的智能手機(jī)時(shí)間是行不通的。）可知，散步比跑步機(jī)要好。故B選項(xiàng)“每天散步要好得多”切題。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Andthere’snoevidencethatitwilltaketheoft-touted(經(jīng)常吹捧的)21days.”（而且沒有證據(jù)表明，這將需要經(jīng)常吹捧的的21天時(shí)間。）可知，關(guān)鍵是要重復(fù)做，而不是21天時(shí)間就能改掉一個(gè)習(xí)慣。故G選項(xiàng)“無論你選擇哪種策略，關(guān)鍵是要反復(fù)做?！鼻蓄}。故選G項(xiàng)。第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。AtmyfirstLionsClubmeetingIfoundmyselfsittingnexttothehappiestpersonI’veeverknown,whowasinhiseighties.Overthenextfewyears,Ilearnedabouthissixty-sixyearsofperfectmeeting____21____.AsKenenteredhisnineties,itbecameincreasingly____22____forhimtodrive,soIofferedtopickhimupsohecouldcontinuetoattendtheLionsmeetings.Isoon____23____ourweeklydrivestogether.WhenKenwasachild,hisfamilyhadlittlemoney,buthewas____24____toattendcollege.Throughhishardworkandperseverance,hebecameadentist.Sharinghisstories,Kenoftenchallengedmetobe____25____.WhenIsaid,“Ihavetogotowork,”Ken____26____metosayinstead,“Igettogotowork.”Itwasthissmall____27____thatmademerealizeIhadthepowerof____28____inmylife.IoftenwenttoKen’snursinghome.OnedayIarrivedbutfoundKenwasnotthere.Anursetoldme,“Kenhasbeenrushedtothehospitalbecauseofastroke.”Myheart____29____,andIwenttothehospitalwithoutanydelay.AsIenteredKen’sroom,Isawhimsittinginawheelchair.Heglancedupslowlyand_____30_____me.Quicklyhesmiled.After_____31_____eachother,Kenwavedhisgoodarmandlegandsaid_____32_____,“Look,thissideworks!”BeforelongKenfully_____33_____fromhisstroke,andIenjoyedthetimewithhimevenmoreuntilhepassedawayatninety-seven.LionKentaughtmemuchaboutlife.He’dtoldme,“It’s_____34_____thatlifewillthrowlemonsatus,butit’suptoushowwechooseto_____35_____them.”AndIjustfeltextremelyblessedtohavebeenapartofhislife.21.A.reception B.organization C.attendance D.management22.A.essential B.tough C.urgent D.frequent23.A.appreciated B.missed C.tolerated D.disliked24.A.embarrassed B.determined C.supposed D.frightened25.A.modest B.aggressive C.positive D.confident26.A.allowed B.helped C.warned D.reminded27.A.correction B.change C.adaptation D.gesture28.A.decision B.belief C.goal D.choice29.A.jumped B.broke C.sank D.stopped30.A.approved B.neglected C.pressured D.recognized31.A.greeting B.knowing C.introducing D.meeting32.A.calmly B.excitedly C.coldly D.obviously33.A.suffered B.resulted C.recovered D.benefited34.A.interesting B.unusual C.doubtful D.certain35.A.dealwith B.thinkof C.lookafter D.accountfor【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.B25.C26.D27.B28.D29.C30.D31.A32.B33.C34.D35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者和積極向上的老人Ken之間的故事，作者從老人身上學(xué)到很多東西?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在接下來的幾年里，我了解到他66年來全部參加聚會(huì)的經(jīng)歷。A.reception接待；B.organization組織；C.attendance出席，參加；D.management經(jīng)營。根據(jù)前文“AtmyfirstLionsClubmeetingIfoundmyselfsittingnexttothehappiestpersonI’veeverknown”及后文“sohecouldcontinuetoattendtheLionsmeetings”可知，Ken一直參加獅子會(huì)的聚會(huì)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Ken九十多歲的時(shí)候，開車對(duì)他來說越來越困難了，所以我提出要去接他，這樣他就可以繼續(xù)參加獅子會(huì)的聚會(huì)了。A.essential基本的；B.tough艱難的；C.urgent緊急的；D.frequent頻繁的。根據(jù)前文“AsKenenteredhisnineties”和后文“soIofferedtopickhimup”可知，Ken年齡太大了，開車?yán)щy。故選B項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我很快就喜歡上了我們每周一起開車的感覺。A.appreciated欣賞，喜歡；B.missed錯(cuò)過，想念；C.tolerated忍受；D.disliked不喜歡。根據(jù)前文“IfoundmyselfsittingnexttothehappiestpersonI’veeverknown”及后文“Sharinghisstories,Kenoftenchallengedmetobe____5____.”等內(nèi)容可以推斷，作者很喜歡和Ken在一起。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Ken還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，家里沒什么錢，但他決心上大學(xué)。A.embarrassed尷尬的；B.determined堅(jiān)定的，決心；C.supposed假定的；D.frightened害怕的。根據(jù)后文“Throughhishardworkandperseverance,hebecameadentist.”可知，Ken有毅力，決心上大學(xué)。故選B項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在分享他的故事時(shí)，Ken經(jīng)常鼓勵(lì)我要積極樂觀。A.modest謙虛的；B.aggressive侵略性的；C.positive積極的；D.confident自信的。根據(jù)前文“Throughhishardworkandperseverance,hebecameadentist.”可知，Ken經(jīng)過努力獲得成功，所以在分享自己的故事的時(shí)候，鼓勵(lì)作者積極向上。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我說：“我得去上班了”時(shí)，Ken提醒我說：“我得去上班?！盇.allowed允許；B.helped幫助；C.warned警告；D.reminded提醒。根據(jù)語境和后文“metosayinstead”以及“Igettogotowork”可知，Ken提醒作者去上班。故選D項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：正是這個(gè)小小的改變讓我意識(shí)到我在生活中有選擇的權(quán)力。A.correction糾正；B.change改變，變化；C.adaptation適應(yīng)；D.gesture手勢?；谇拔牡姆治霾⒏鶕?jù)文章最后一句“AndIjustfeltextremelyblessedtohavebeenapartofhislife.”可知，作者認(rèn)為結(jié)識(shí)Ken是非常有意義的，改變了自己的人生。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.decision決定；B.belief信仰；C.goal目標(biāo)；D.choice選擇。根據(jù)后文“It’s____14____thatlifewillthrowlemonsatus,butit’suptoushowwechooseto____15____them.”可知，通過認(rèn)識(shí)Ken，作者意識(shí)到自己在生活中有選擇的權(quán)力。故選D項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的心一沉，立刻去了醫(yī)院。A.jumped跳躍；B.broke打斷；C.sank下沉；D.stopped停止。根據(jù)前文“Kenhasbeenrushedtothehospitalbecauseofastroke”可知，作者聽說Ken生病了，心里一沉。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他慢慢抬起頭來，認(rèn)出了我。A.approved批準(zhǔn)；B.neglected否定；C.pressured施壓；D.recognized辨識(shí)。根據(jù)語境和后文“Quicklyhesmiled.After____11____eachother”可知，Ken認(rèn)出了作者。故選D項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：互相問候之后，Ken揮揮他的好胳膊和腿，興奮地說，“看，這邊還能動(dòng)！”A.greeting問候；B.knowing知道，認(rèn)識(shí)；C.introducing介紹；D.meeting會(huì)見。根據(jù)語境并結(jié)合后文“eachother,Kenwavedhisgoodarmandlegandsaid”可知，他們見面先互相問候。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.calmly冷靜地；B.excitedly興奮地；C.coldly冷淡地；D.obviously明顯地。根據(jù)后文“Look,thissideworks!”可知，Ken認(rèn)為自己能康復(fù)，興奮地表示自己還能動(dòng)。故選B項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：不久，Ken完全從中風(fēng)中恢復(fù)過來，我甚至更享受和他在一起的時(shí)光，直到他97歲去世。A.suffered遭受；B.resulted結(jié)果；C.recovered恢復(fù)，康復(fù)；D.benefited使收益。根據(jù)后文“andIenjoyedthetimewithhimevenmoreuntilhepassedawayatninety-seven”可知，Ken很快康復(fù)了。故選C項(xiàng)。34題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：生活肯定會(huì)向我們?nèi)訖幟剩ú缓玫氖虑椋?，但這取決于我們?nèi)绾芜x擇處理它們。A.interesting有趣的；B.unusual不尋常的；C.doubtful可疑的；D.certain確定，肯定。根據(jù)常識(shí)和后文“l(fā)ifewillthrowlemonsatus”可知，人的生活中是肯定會(huì)遇到這樣或那樣的問題的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.dealwith處理；B.thinkof思考；C.lookafter照顧；D.accountfor解釋，說明。根據(jù)前文“l(fā)ifewillthrowlemonsatus”可知，生活中是肯定會(huì)遇到這樣或那樣的問題的，關(guān)鍵看我們?nèi)绾芜x擇處理它們。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Intoday’sincreasinglybusyworld,moreandmoreofusareexperiencingfatigue(疲勞).Thereisanincreaseintheconditionchronicfatiguesyndrome(CFS),___36___isaphysicalandmentaldisorderthatmakesusfeelextremelytired.Thattirednessdoesnotgoawayevenifwerest.SleepspecialistSammyMargosaid:“Ourlifestylesarealwaysbusyandinarush,___37___(result)inhighstressandinadequatesleep.PeoplewithCFSsufferfrom___38___lackofenergythataffectseveryaspectofourday.WhilethereisnocureforCFS,awell-balanceddietcanplayaroleofgreat___39___(significant)inhelpingmanagesymptomsandboostenergy___40___(level).Healsoofferedsomeadviceabouthowtodealwithfatigue.He___41___(advise)peopletotryhisthree-stepbedtimeplan.Steponeistoturnthelights___42___becauselightkeepsourbrainactive.Hesaidbluelightfromphonesandlaptopsisparticularly___43___(harm).Thesecondstepisagoodroomtemperatureofaround19℃.Acoolroomhelpstoreducebodytemperature,whichhelpsinitiatesleep.Thefinalstepis___44___(reduce)allnoise.Asforfood,it____45____(recommend)thatweeatbananastohelpusgetabetternight’srestbecausebananascontainchemicalsthatencouragesleep.【答案】36.which