考研英語（閱讀）模擬試卷15（共200題）

考研英語（閱讀）模擬試卷15（共9套）（共200題）考研英語（閱讀）模擬試卷第1套一、閱讀（常規(guī)閱讀理解）(本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。)Iwas13whenBenjicameintoourlives.Withhisdeepbrowneyes,floppyearsandcheerfuldisposition,hewasmyconstantcompanionthroughoutmyteenageyears.Wewouldplaytogetherinthegarden,andtakelongwalksoverthehillsbehindthehouseandonthebeach.Benjiwouldhangonmyeverywordwithhisheadtiltedtooneside.Despitebeingadog,heseemedtohaveasympathyformyproblemsthatwentdeeperthanwordscouldexpress.Hewasmybestfriend.Benjileftusabout15yearsagoforthatgreatkennelinthesky.ButrecentlyI'vebeenthinkingabouthimalot.Washereallyconscious?Couldanyanimalhaveconsciousnesslikewedo?Doesitmatterwhetheranimalsareconsciousornot?Formany,itisamatteroflifeanddeath.Ontheonehand,animalresearchhashelpedpreventsomeofthemostpressinghumandiseases,includinghepatitisB,hepatitisC,"madcow"disease,malaria,cysticfibrosisandemphysema.Ontheotherhand,thisresearchisperformedlargelyonchimps,ourclosestnonhumanrelatives,withwhomweshare98.4%ofourgeneticmaterial,andgreatapes,withwhomwearesimilarlybiologicallyclose.Somepeoplefeelthisconnectionisstrongenoughtowarrantspecialtreatment.AninternationalgroupcalledtheGreatApeProjectislobbyingtheUnitedNationstoadoptadeclarationontherightsofgreatapesmodeledontheUNdeclarationOntheRightsofMan.Thegroupbelievesthatapesare"conscious"andsodeservelegalprotectionoftheirrighttolifeandfreedomfromimprisonmentandtorture.Ifgreatapeswereshowntohaveconsciousnesssomethinglikeourown,Iwouldconsideritamongthescientificdiscoveriesofthecentury.IwouldthenagreewiththeAustralianphilosopherandfounderoftheanimalrightsmovement,PeterSinger,thatperformingmedicalexperimentsonchimpswouldbelikeexperimentingonorphanchildren.That'saprettychillingthought,andnoamountofhumansufferingsavedcouldjustifysuchanaction.ButbeforeweclosedownthelaboratoriesandstopsearchingforavaccineagainstAIDS,wehadbettertakealonghardlookattheevidenceforapeconsciousness.1、WhydoestheauthorbringuptheexampleofBenji?A、Toshowthatanimalshaveconsciousness.B、Toraisethequestionofanimalconsciousness.C、BecauseBenjiwashisbestfriend.D、Toillustratethedifferencesbetweendogsandchimps.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點(diǎn)解析：屬邏輯關(guān)系題。第一段為導(dǎo)人部分，目的在于通過提到自己的狗引出后文動物是否有意識的話題。2、WhatmostlikelyhappenedtoBenjiabout15yearsago?A、Heranaway.B、Hebecameconscious.C、Hedied.D、Hewastheauthor’sbestfriend.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識點(diǎn)解析：屬信息推斷題。第二段開頭講到：“本吉大約在十五年前離開我們，去了天堂那座宏大的狗房?！辈浑y看出，作者的意思是說，這條狗死了。3、Somepeoplefeelthatapesshouldbegivenspecialtreatmentbecause______.A、theyaregeneticallysimilartohumansB、theycanhelpfindacurefor"madcow"diseaseC、theypossessaconsciousnesssuperiortohumansD、theyaretreatedpoorlybyscientists標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識點(diǎn)解析：屬事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第三段結(jié)尾指出：“類人猿和我們在生物角度上相似?！钡谒亩伍_頭說：“有些人認(rèn)為這種聯(lián)系足以讓它們得到特殊待遇。”4、TheGreatApeProjectbelievesthatapesdeservelegalprotectionbecausetheyare______.A、humansB、consciousC、animalsD、imprisoned標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點(diǎn)解析：屬事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第四段提到，該組織認(rèn)為類人猿應(yīng)受到法律保護(hù)，因?yàn)樗鼈冇幸庾R。5、Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutexperimentingonapes?A、Itshouldbestopped.B、Itshouldnotbestoppedunlessapesareshowntohaveaconsciousnesslikeourown.C、Themedicaladvancesgainedareoutweighedbythesufferingoftheapes.D、Itisakintoexperimentingonorphanchildren.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點(diǎn)解析：屬信息推斷題。文章在結(jié)尾講到：“但是，在我們關(guān)閉實(shí)驗(yàn)室，停止尋找艾滋病疫苗之前，我們最好先仔細(xì)地尋找類人猿有意識的根據(jù)。”這表明作者認(rèn)為，直到證明類人猿具有意識之后我們才能停止進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)。Thewaysinwhichsocietiesaddressenvironmentalissuesareinthemidstofaprofoundtransformation.Boththeextentofthistransformationanditsimplicationsforthefutureofenvironmentalgovernanceareonlybeginningtobeappreciated.Ofallthedimensionsofenvironmentalgovernanceundergoingrapidchange,mostattentionhasbeendevotedtothegrowingurgencyofthethreatsthatneedtobeaddressed.AsarguedbyUnitedNationsSecretary-GeneralKofiAnnan,thesenowwarrantconsiderationjointlywiththeothergreatglobalissuesofthe21stcentury:"freedomfromwant,freedomfromfear,andthefreedomoffuturegenerationstosustaintheirlivesonthisplanet."ThefirsttwooftheseissuesreflectthelongstandingconcernsforpovertyalleviationandphysicalsecuritythatframedtheUNCharter.Thelast,asthesecretary-generalnotes,was"notclearlyidentifiedinthecharterbecausein1945,ourfounderscouldscarcelyimaginethatitwouldeverbethreatened."Today,thatthreatisincreasinglyclear,andourmostenlightenedpoliticalleadershavebeguntoredefinetheprioritytasksofgovernancetoincludesustainability.Asecondrapidlychangingdimensionofenvironmentalgovernanceisthescaleoverwhichitneedstooperate.Thetrendstoward"globalization"thathaveentrainedsomanyaspectsofourlivesintheincreasinglyinterconnectedworldofthe21stcenturyhaveaffectedtheenvironmentaswell.Inresponse,moreinternationalenvironmentaltreatieswereadoptedandmoreinternationalenvironmentalinstitutionswerefoundedinthelastquarterofthe20thcenturythanintheprecedinghundredyears.Afewofthesehaveworkedrelativelywell.Ingeneral,however,ourcapacityforeffectiveimplementationlagsfarbehindtherecognizedneed.Finally,theactorsandinstitutionsinvolvedinenvironmentalgovernancearechanging.Thepoliticaltransformationof"aclosedpublicpolicyprocessintoamoreopenandparticipatoryone"forSoutheastAsia,isunderwayformuchoftherestoftheworldaswell,shiftingpowerawayfromcentralgovernmentstowardlocalcommunitiesandcivilsocietyorganizations.Simultaneously,theglobalizationtrendsnotedabovehavepushedintheotherdirection,movingpowertowardmultinationalcorporationsandinternationalinstitutions.Inthemidstofallthesetransformations,twothingscannonethelessbesaidwithconfidenceaboutenvironmentalgovernance:Neitheritscomplexitynoritsimportancehaveeverbeengreater.6、Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothefirstparagraph?A、Theextentofthetransformationofthewaysinwhichsocietiesaddressenvironmentalissueshasalwaysbeenappreciated.B、Thewaysinwhichsocietiesaddressenvironmentalissuesarecurrentlyundergoingchange.C、Theenvironmentisinthemidstofaprofoundtransformation.D、Thefutureofenvironmentalgovernanceisindoubt.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點(diǎn)解析：屬事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第一段明確指出：“社會解決環(huán)境問題的方式正在經(jīng)歷深刻的變化?！?、Whichchangingaspectofenvironmentalgovernancehasbeengiventhemostattention?A、Thescaleoverwhichitneedstooperate.B、Thegrowingurgencyofthethreats.C、Theactorsandinstitutionsinvolved.D、Itscomplexity.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點(diǎn)解析：屬事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段開頭告訴我們：“需要對付的威脅的緊迫性與日俱增，受到的關(guān)注最多?！?、TheissueofsustainabilitywasneglectedintheUNCharterbecause______.A、atthetimethecharterwaswrittenitwasvirtuallyunthinkablethatsustainabilitywouldbecomeaproblemB、otherissuesweremoreimportantC、thetasksofgovernancedidnotincludesustainabilityD、theconcernsforpovertyalleviationandphysicalsecuritythatframedtheUNCharterwerelongstanding標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識點(diǎn)解析：屬事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第二段指出，聯(lián)合國憲章沒有明確地確認(rèn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的問題，因?yàn)楫?dāng)時幾乎沒有想到這個問題會受到威脅。9、Accordingtothetext,localcommunitiesare______.A、lackingresourcesB、drivingglobalizationC、becomingmorepowerfulD、movingpowertowardsmultinationalcorporations標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識點(diǎn)解析：屬信息推斷題。根據(jù)第四段信息“使權(quán)力從中央政府向地方社區(qū)和民間社會組織轉(zhuǎn)移”可知，地方社區(qū)的權(quán)力在增長。10、Themainmessagetheauthorwishestoconveyinthetextisthat______.A、theissueofenvironmentalgovernanceisbothcomplexandimportantB、environmentalgovernanceisanewissueonthehorizonC、globalizationisaffectingtheentireworldD、inresponsetoglobalization,thereareissuesweneedtodealwith標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識點(diǎn)解析：屬主旨思想題。全文介紹環(huán)境治理在經(jīng)歷變化，最后一段總結(jié)性地指出：環(huán)境治理的復(fù)雜性和重要性前所未有。Mid-June,legionsofNewYorkCitystudentsarestartingtoshudderattheprospectofsummerschool:asweatymonthofmath,readingandwritingdrillsthatmanyviewasatediouswasteoftime.Couldtheyberight?Threeyearsago,thecityhaditshopespinnedonavastlyexpandedsummerschoolprogramasthelatestmostpromisingcureforitswoebegonepublicschools.ItwasMayorRudolphW.GiulianiwhopressuredtheBoardofEducationintoending"socialpromotion"—thelongstandingpracticeofpromotingstudentsdespitefailinggrades—andorganizingthenation'slargestsummerschoolprogram.ItbeganinJuly2000and,intheory,thefive-weeksummersessionsshouldbynowhavegivenafewhundredthousandstudentstheextrapushtheyneededtopassstandardizedtestsandearnpromotiontothenextgrade.Butasanotherschoolyearendsandanothermayorstaggersundertheburdenoffixingthesystem,theideaofsummerschoolaspanaceaseemstohavefallenflat.Problemshaveplaguedtheprogramfromtheget-go,despiteexpensiveattemptstosolvethem.Absenteeismhashobbledtheprogrameachyear,eventhougheducatorshavetriedeverythingfromhuntingdowntruantstorewardingstudentswhoshowup,withpizzapartiesandmovietickets.Withoutastatelawmakingsummerschoolcompulsoryforfailingstudents—whichlegislatorshavenotpursuedbecauseofthepotentiallyastronomicalexpenseandtheriskofangeringparentswhovote—asignificantpercentageofthosewhodesperatelyneedextraacademichelpwillnottakeadvantageoftheprogram.Evenmoretroublingaretheresultsofthe2000,2001and2002summerprograms,whicharedecidedlymixed.Inallthreeyears,fewerthanhalfofstudentswhoshowedupforsummerschoolpassedtheend-of-summerreadingandmathexams.Foreighthgraders,summerschoolhasinfactseemedtodomoreharmthangood:thereportfoundthatin2000and2002,theyscoredmuchlowerontheend-of-summerteststhantheyhadonspringexams.11、WecanlearnfromthetextthatNewYorkCityschools______.A、havebeenhavingproblemsB、areamongthebestintheworldC、requireallstudentstoattendsummerschoolD、arepromisingintheirpotential標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識點(diǎn)解析：屬信息推斷題。根據(jù)第二段的信息：“三年前，紐約市寄希望于大規(guī)模擴(kuò)展的夏季學(xué)校計(jì)劃，將其作為給一籌莫展的公立學(xué)校的最新、最有希望的良方?！庇纱藬喽?，紐約市的公立學(xué)校一直以來受問題的困擾。12、Accordingtothearticle,whatis"socialpromotion"?A、Promotingstudentstoahighersocialclassdespitefailinggrades.B、Allowingstudentstomoveontothenextgradedespitefailinggrades.C、Givingstudentsfailinggrades.D、Attendingsummerschool.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點(diǎn)解析：屬概念判斷題。根據(jù)第三段，兩個破折號中間的插入語是對“socialpromotion”概念的解釋，即“不管分?jǐn)?shù)是否及格都讓學(xué)生升級”。13、Accordingtothearticle,whichisoneofthereasonswhylegislatorshavenotmadesummerschoolcompulsory?A、Studentsdon’tlikesummerschool.B、Institutingsuchaprogramwouldbeveryexpensive.C、Studentswhoneedhelpthemostdon’tevenattend.D、Theprogramhashadmixedresults.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點(diǎn)解析：屬事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第五段指出，夏季學(xué)校不是強(qiáng)制性的，因?yàn)檫@樣做耗資巨大。14、Whatpercentageofstudentswhoattendedsummerschoolfrom2000-2002passedtheend-of-summerreadingandmathexams?A、50%.B、Over50%.C、Under50%.D、100%.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識點(diǎn)解析：屬事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。文章在最后一段提到：“在這三年之中，上了夏季學(xué)校、但通過閱讀和數(shù)學(xué)結(jié)業(yè)考試的學(xué)生不足半數(shù)。”15、TheNewYorkCitysummerschoolprogramhas______.A、beenasmashingsuccessB、beenamiserablefailureC、producedmixedresultsD、angeredmanystatelegislators標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識點(diǎn)解析：屬事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。最后一段開頭指出，2000至2002年夏季學(xué)校計(jì)劃的結(jié)果好壞參半。Lessthanfiveyearsago,ScottishOperawastrappedinafinancialquagmirefromwhichfewthoughtitcouldrecover.Today,however,thenationalcompanysealsitscomebackbyannouncingitsmostwide-reachingprogramtodate.InaninterviewwithTheTimes,AlexReedjik,generaldirectorofScottishOpera,explainedthataseriesofcollaborationswithothercompanieswouldenableittomaximizeitsoutputwithoutcompromisingitsbudget.Headmittedthatthepartnershipswereborneoffinancialnecessity,butarguedtheywouldallowthecompanytoreachgreateraudiencesthaneverbefore."Collaborationsarethewayforward,"hesaid."Wehaveoftendoneco-productionsinthepastbuttheyaremoreimportanttousnowtoenableustoachieveallofourhopes.Theproblemisthatsetsareveryexpensive.Ifyoucansharethosecostswithanotherorganizationandnotimpactonartisticintegrity,thatisapositive,welcomeandnecessarything."Highlightsofthe2009-10seasonwillincludeanewco-productionwithNewZealandOperaofRossini'sTheItalianGirlinAlgiers,andajointventurewithOperaNorthTheAdventuresofMr.Broucek,byLeosJanacek,featuringa40-strongchoirsingingHussitehymns,alongwithbagpipesandanorgan.AnunashamedlyItalianateseasonthisAutumnbeginswitharevivalofGilesHavergal'spopular1994productionofTheElixirofLove.TherewillalsobearevivaloftheTony-awardwinningdirectorStewartLaing'sproductionofPuccini'sLaBoheme.Theturnaroundinthecompany'sfortunesisstriking.In2005,theyearbeforeMr.Reedjikjoinedtheorganization,ScottishOperawasforcedtomakehalfofitsstaff,includingtheentirechorus,redundantandabandonitsmain-scaleproductionsforaseasonafteraccumulatingdebtsofaround￡4.5million.Thecompany'scoregrant,whichatthattimecamefromtheScottishArtsCouncil(itisnowfundeddirectlybythegovernment)hadnotrisenforseveralyears.However,ithadalsohaemorrhagedfundsbystagingthehugelyexpensiveRingCycle,andaccordingtosomecritics,hadbeenoverspendingonprops,withrumorsofcastmemberswearing￡300designershoes.A￡7millionrescuepackageputtogetherbythethenLabor-ledScottishExecutivesavedthecompanyfromgoingdarkonapermanentbasis,buttheeasewithwhichitalmostwentunderforcedarethinkofpriorities.Whilethecompanycontinuestostageseveralmajorproductionseachseason,ithasalsointroducedsmallertouringworks—theacclaimedFive:15series—whichpairsleadingwriterswithcomposerstocreate15-minutechamberpiecesthatcouldbedevelopedintolongerproductions.Theaim,saysMr.Reedjik,istoputonasmuchoperainScotlandaspossiblewithoutbreakingthebank.Sofarthestrategyseemstobeworking,withaudiencesaveragingataround95,000peopleinthepastthreeyears,ariseofalmost50percentcomparedwith2004-05,theseasonbeforethecompanywentdark."Whatwearetryingtodonowislivewithinourmeansandraiseasmuchaspossiblefromphilanthropicmeans,"saidMr.Reedjik."Weseemedtohavedroppedoutofthenewsfordumbstuff—nowwe'reinthenewsforourinterestingwork."16、TheoriginalpurposeofScottishOpera’scollaborationwithothersliesin______.A、maximizingofitsoutputB、compromisingitsbudgetC、sharingfinancialpressureD、producingwide-reachingprograms標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識點(diǎn)解析：屬事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。題目考查的是蘇格蘭歌劇院與其他公司合作的初衷是什么。仔細(xì)閱讀文章第一段，可以發(fā)現(xiàn)第四句中總經(jīng)理A．R．承認(rèn)合作是由財(cái)政需要產(chǎn)生的，因此可知選項(xiàng)C符合題意。選項(xiàng)A屬于因果倒置，其內(nèi)容是與其他公司合作的結(jié)果，故錯誤。選項(xiàng)B屬于曲解文意，這種情況是不會發(fā)生的，故錯誤。選項(xiàng)D屬于無關(guān)干擾，將第一段第二句中部分內(nèi)容摘出拼湊而成，故錯誤。17、ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph1that______.A、noonebelievedScottishOperawouldrecoverfromthefinancialproblemsB、co-productionisequallyimportanttoScottishOperanowandbeforeC、potentialriskofbreakingitsartisticintegrityexistsinScottishOpera’spartnershipsD、collaborationwithothersissignificanttoScottishOpera’srecovery標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識點(diǎn)解析：屬信息推斷題。選項(xiàng)A犯了夸大其詞的錯誤，文章第一句末尾提到很少有人認(rèn)為蘇格蘭歌劇院會復(fù)興，而并非所有人都如此，故錯誤。選項(xiàng)B犯了曲解文意的錯誤，根據(jù)第一段引號中的話可以看出，合作發(fā)展對現(xiàn)在的蘇格蘭歌劇院更具積極意義，因此與過去并非同樣重要，故錯誤。選項(xiàng)C屬于反向干擾，文章最后一句的內(nèi)容與選項(xiàng)C內(nèi)容相反，故錯誤。選項(xiàng)D可以從文章第三至第五句的內(nèi)容推出，故符合題意。18、TheunderlinedwordinParagraph3refersto______.A、promotedB、unemployedC、well-trainedD、registered標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點(diǎn)解析：屬詞義推斷題。文章第三段第一句就講到蘇格蘭歌劇院的財(cái)政狀況改善效果顯著。從后面的內(nèi)容判斷，單詞所在句講的應(yīng)該是其財(cái)政糟糕時的狀況，因此考查詞應(yīng)為貶義，且所在句后半部分提到由于財(cái)政赤字，劇院中斷了主要劇目的演出，故選項(xiàng)B(失業(yè)的)符合題意。選項(xiàng)A(升職)、選項(xiàng)C(認(rèn)真培訓(xùn))、選項(xiàng)D(注冊)均不符合原意。19、Bymentioningthehighpriceofcastmembers’shoes,theauthorintendsto______.A、provetheformalityofmanagementofScottishOperaB、complimenttheskilloftheshoesdesignerC、provideanotherpossiblereasonofScottishOpera’sbadfinancialstatusD、emphasizethehighexpenseofRingCycle標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識點(diǎn)解析：屬邏輯關(guān)系題。選項(xiàng)A犯了無中生有的錯誤，文章自始至終未提及蘇格蘭歌劇院是否正規(guī)的問題，故錯誤。選項(xiàng)B犯了移花接木的錯誤，第三段最后一句確實(shí)提到了“designershoes”，但是這里強(qiáng)調(diào)的是鞋子價(jià)格昂貴，選項(xiàng)B將designer摘出，設(shè)置設(shè)計(jì)師技藝高超的選項(xiàng)，與原文無關(guān)，故錯誤。選項(xiàng)D犯了偷梁換柱的錯誤，其內(nèi)容為蘇格蘭歌劇院財(cái)政狀況不好的另一個原因，故錯誤。第三段作者一直在強(qiáng)調(diào)過去蘇格蘭歌劇院財(cái)政狀況的糟糕，因此選項(xiàng)C符合題意，故正確。20、WhichofthefollowingwouldtheauthorLEASTprobablyagreeon?A、ScottishOperahasbeenfundedbyScottishArtsCouncilsinceitsestablishment.B、Fiveisawell-recognizedsmalltouringwork.C、Thecompanyisstrivingformorecharitablefunding.D、Themediausedtopublishnegativenewsaboutthecompany.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識點(diǎn)解析：屬事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第三段第三句提到，蘇格蘭歌劇院以前的出資方是ScottishArtsCouncil，但并非一直都是，現(xiàn)在是由政府直接資助的，故選項(xiàng)A符合題意。選項(xiàng)B與原文第四段第二句的內(nèi)容相符，故選項(xiàng)B不符合題意。第四段第五句前半部分提到現(xiàn)在他們在以慈善方式籌集更多款項(xiàng)，后半部分提到他們已經(jīng)擺脫了沉悶乏味的報(bào)道，因此可知過去媒體對他們的評價(jià)比較消極，故選項(xiàng)C、D均不符合題意?？佳杏⒄Z（閱讀）模擬試卷第2套一、閱讀（常規(guī)閱讀理解）(本題共20題，每題1.0分，共20分。)TherearedinosaursinabundancealongDorsetandEastDevon'sspectacularJurassicCoast.Frequentlyproclaimedas"walkingwithdinosaurs"ora"walkthroughtime"thesectionoftheSouthWestCoastPathwhichstretchesfromStudlandBayinDorsettoExmouthinDevonisnothingifnotdramatic.Therearesectionsofthewalk—suchasthelushjungle-likeundercliffbetweenSeatonandLymeRegis—whicharepureJurassicPark.Atanymomentyouhalfexpectafearsomecreaturetostampoutoftheswampandferns.Butit'sthesenseofnaturalhistory,geologyandthesheervariedbeautyofthecoastlinethatmakesthisawalkers'paradise.TheJurassicCoastrepresents185millionyearsofearthhistoryinjust95miles.TheredcliffsofEastDevondatebacksome240millionyearstotheTriassicperiodwhenvastdesertscoveredthearea.Afossilwalkisonewayofgettinghands-onexperienceofthelandscape'sgeology.BrandonLennonisaprofessionalfossilcollectorwhorunsguidedtours.Thewalksareplannedaroundsafetidesandonlylastafewhourssoonecanbeeasilyincorporatedintoalongerwalk.AccordingtoLennon,becauseofarelativelycalmwinterthisyeartherehavebeenfewlandslipsandsubsequentlynotmucherosionwhichloosensthefossilsontothebeach.ButontheweekendthatIvisitedinMay,someonestillmanagedtofindpartofthevertebraeofanichthyosaurandanammonite.TherearealsootherguideswhowillhelpyouplanawalkingtripalongpartsoralloftheJurassicCoast.AttheDevonend,SimonGoochhasjustlaunchedJurassicCoastTours.Heofferstailor-madeadvicetowalkersandishappytolendoutrucksacks,binocularsanddropandpickupguestsinhisminibus—ausefulserviceifyoudon'twanttohavetowaitforthebusorburdenyourselfwiththerucksackwhilewalkingalongthecoast.However,ifyou'regoingitalone,here'sanidea.TaketheslowtraintoDorchesterorAxminster.Getpickedupfromthestationbythewalker-friendlypeopleattheBullHotelinBridport—ifyoucangetabedatthisincreasinglypopularboutiquehotel.FromhereyoucanwalkamileoutoftownalongtherivertoWestBayandturnrighttoLymeRegisorlefttowardsBurtonBradstockandChesilBeach.AlternativelyamemberofstaffwilldropyouoffsomewherealongtheJurassicCoastandyoucanmakeyourownwaybacktothehotel.ThedealisyoutaketheBull'sresidentspanielLuluwithyou.1、Thephrase"walkingwithdinosaurs"(Line2,Paragraph1)mostprobablymeansA、thesectionofthepathwasnamedbypeopleas"walkingwithdinosaurs".B、onthissectionoftheSouthWestPath,youcanseedinosaurmodels.C、thesectionisverydangerous,becausetherearesomefrighteninganimalscomingoutfromaside.D、therearedinosaurs’fossilsonthissectionofPath.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識點(diǎn)解析：第一段第二行的短語walkingwithdinosaurs最可能的意思是[A]這一段步行道被人們命名為“與恐龍同行”。[B]在西南海岸步行道的這一段，你可以看見恐龍模型。[C]這一段步行道非常危險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)闀幸恍┛膳碌膭游飶穆放愿Z出來。[D]在這一段步行道有恐龍的化石。根據(jù)該短語出處以及本文的主題“探尋恐龍遺跡”，walkingwithdinosaurs只是人們的一種感覺，或者是該地區(qū)推廣旅游的口號，因此可以判斷[D]正確。[A]并沒有揭示該短語的含義．[B]提到了可以看到恐龍的模型，與文意不符；文中沒有提到這段路程是否危險(xiǎn)。所以可以排除[A]、[B]、[C]，選[D]。2、WhywastheJurassicCoastcalledawalkers’paradise?A、TheJurassicCoasthasaverylonghistoryasatouristattraction.B、VisitorscanonlywalkonfootinsteadofdrivingalongtheJurassiccoast.C、AwalkercandiscoverthelonghistoryandappreciatethenaturalbeautyoftheJurassicCoast.D、AwalkercanfindmanyredcliffsformedindifferenttimesalongtheJurassicCoast.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識點(diǎn)解析：為什么侏羅紀(jì)海岸被稱為步行者的天堂?[A]作為一個旅游景點(diǎn)，侏羅紀(jì)海岸歷史悠久。[B]旅行者只能沿著侏羅紀(jì)海岸徒步前行，不能開車。[C]步行者可以發(fā)現(xiàn)這里的悠久歷史，欣賞侏羅紀(jì)海岸的自然風(fēng)光。[D]步行者可以在侏羅紀(jì)海岸發(fā)現(xiàn)許多不同時期形成的赤色崖壁。[C]是對第一段的進(jìn)一步解釋，也可視為同義轉(zhuǎn)述，且與第二段的第一句相呼應(yīng)，故為正確答案。[A]在文中沒有提到．[B]與文意不符；[D]提到了第二段中提及的景色，不能全面回答問題。3、AccordingtoLennon,wecaninferA、landslipsarehelpfultovisitorswhilevisitingJurassicCoast.B、thebesttimetovisitJurassicCoastistideseason.C、badweathercanmakedinosaurfossilsloose,thusmoredifficultobtainedbytourists.D、findingdinosaurfossilscanhelptouristsknowmoreabouttheformationofthecoast.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識點(diǎn)解析：根據(jù)倫農(nóng)的說法，我們可以推斷出，[A]滑坡對于正在游覽侏羅紀(jì)海岸的游客是有幫助的。[B]游覽侏羅紀(jì)海岸的最佳時間是漲潮季節(jié)。[C]壞天氣時恐龍化石更容易散落到海灘上，游客就更難發(fā)現(xiàn)化石了。[D]發(fā)現(xiàn)恐龍化石可以幫助游客了解更多有關(guān)海岸形成的情況。[A]“滑坡對于正在游覽侏羅紀(jì)海岸的游客是有幫助的”顯然不符合常理；從第三段第三句推斷[B]錯誤；根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句可知[C]錯誤，因?yàn)閴奶鞖馐拱l(fā)現(xiàn)恐龍化石變得更容易了，而不是更難了；[D]對應(yīng)第三段第一句，符合文意。4、IfyougotoJurassicCoastbyyourself,theauthormaysuggestyouavoidA、callingataxitopickyouuptotheBullHotel.B、reservingaroomintheBullHotelinadvancebecauseitisverypopular.C、takingawalkalongJurassicCoastforawhileandcomingbacktotheBullHotelbyyourself.D、goingoutwiththecompanyofadogintheBullHotel.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識點(diǎn)解析：如果你要獨(dú)自去侏羅紀(jì)海岸，本文的作者可能會建議你不要[A]叫一輛出租車接你到公牛旅館。[B]提前在公牛旅館預(yù)訂房間，因?yàn)檫@家旅館非常受歡迎。[C]沿著侏羅紀(jì)海岸散散步，然后獨(dú)自回到公牛旅館。[D]和公牛旅館的狗一起出去。注意題干要求選出作者不建議的那種做法。[A]提到坐出租車到公牛旅館，與文中不符。[B]根據(jù)作者提到的該旅館越來越受歡迎，可以推斷肯定床位緊張，因此作者建議游客提前預(yù)訂房間；[C]可以從倒數(shù)第二句話驗(yàn)證為符合文意。最后一句話中的spaniel意為“一種矮小體形至中等體形的狗”，因此[D]也符合文意。故[A]為正確答案。5、ThemainpurposeoftheauthorinwritingthistextistoA、introducedinosaursandtheirhomelandinDorsetandEastDevon.B、describethenaturalhistory,geologyandthebeautyoftheJurassicCoast.C、suggestthatpeopletakeanadventuretoJurassicCoastalone.D、advertisethecharmofJurassicCoastandattractmoretouriststogothere.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：D知識點(diǎn)解析：作者寫本文的主要目的是[A]介紹恐龍以及它們在多塞特和東德文的家園。[B]描寫侏羅紀(jì)海岸的自然歷史、地理和美麗風(fēng)光。[C]建議人們獨(dú)自去侏羅紀(jì)海岸探險(xiǎn)。[D]為侏羅紀(jì)海岸的魅力做廣告以吸引更多的游客前去參觀。本文主要介紹了在多賽特和東德文壯觀的侏羅紀(jì)海岸有許多恐龍化石，到這里旅行的游客可以體驗(yàn)“與恐龍同行”和“穿越時空”的感覺，接著作者提出了可以跟著導(dǎo)游旅行或選擇獨(dú)自旅行的建議。[A]、[B]和[C]分別是本文描述的內(nèi)容，但是并沒有體現(xiàn)其寫作目的。只有[D]道出了作者的意圖。PoliceinthepopularresortcityVirginiaBeachrecentlybeganoperatingvideosurveillancecameraswithcontroversialfacerecognitiontechnology.VirginiaBeachandTampainFloridaaretwocitiesintheUnitedStatestoacquirethetechnology,whichcostit$197,000."Beforeweswitchediton,wewentthroughanextensivepubliceducationprocesswithhearingsandtheinvolvementofcitizengroupsandminoritygroups,whohelpedwritethepoliciesweareusing,"saiddeputypolicechiefGregMullen.Acitizens'auditingcommitteehastherighttoperformunannouncedspotchecksonpoliceheadquarterstomakesurethetechnologyisnotbeingmisused.Threeofthecity's13camerasarelinkedfull-timetothefacerecognitionsystem,thoughtheotherscanbeactivatedasneeded.Thedatabaseofwantedpeopleisupdatedeveryday.Sofar,thesystemhasfailedtoproduceasinglearrest,thoughithasgeneratedafewfalsealarms.Itworksbyanalyzingfacesbasedonaseriesofmeasurements,suchasthedistancefromthetipofthenosetothechinorthespacebetweentheeyes.Criticssayitishighlyinaccurateandcanbeeasilyfooled.Mullen,whoseesthesystemeventuallybeinglinkedtothedatabasesofothercity,stateandfederallawenforcementagenciestotrackcriminalsandsuspectedterrorists,said,"Thesystemdoesn'tlookatskincolororyourhairoryourgender.Ittakeshumanprejudicesoutoftheequation.""Thistechnologyhaslittleornoeffectonthecrimeratebutitdoeshaveaneffectonpeople'sbehavior.Peoplefeelcowed,"saidBruceSteinhardt,whodirectsatechnology.Despitethefactthattestshaveshownfacerecognitiononlyworksinaround30percentofcases,theACLUisalarmedthatthetechnologymaysoonspreadtoairports.Theorganizationalsofearsitcouldpotentiallybeusedtomonitorindividuals'politicalactivitiestoharasslaw-abidingcitizens."Thiskindofsurveillanceshouldbesubjecttothesameproceduresaswiretaps.Lawenforcementagenciesshouldjustifywhytheyneeditanditshouldbetightlylimited,otherwiseitwillsoonbecomeatoolofsocialcontrol,"saidMihirKshirsagaroftheElectronicInformationPrivacyCenter.Nordoessuchcriticismcomeexclusivelyfromthepoliticalleft.LawyerJohnWhitehead,founderoftheconservativeRutherfordInstitute,wroteinaneditorialthatthetechnologythreatenedtherightofeachU.S.citizentoparticipateinsociety."Afterall,thatisexactlywhatconstantsurveillanceis—theultimateimpliedthreatofcoercion,"hewrote.6、Mullen’sstatementinParagraph1indicatesthatA、policeisconfidentinusingthetechnology.B、policehasmadepreparationfortheuseofthetechnology.C、citizenshaverightsovermanagingthetechnology.D、policehasgonethroughpubliceducationprocess.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：B知識點(diǎn)解析：第一段中馬倫的話表明，[A]警察在使用這項(xiàng)技術(shù)時很有信心。[B]警察已經(jīng)為這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的使用做了準(zhǔn)備。[c]公民有權(quán)管理這項(xiàng)技術(shù)。[D]警察已經(jīng)進(jìn)行了公眾教育。文章第一段第三句馬倫的話指出，他們使用監(jiān)控?cái)z像機(jī)之前通過聽證會對廣大民眾進(jìn)行了教育，公民群體和少數(shù)派群體也參與了這項(xiàng)活動，并幫助書寫了他們正在使用的方案。這說明警察局對這項(xiàng)技術(shù)非常謹(jǐn)慎，廣泛聽取了公民的意見，為監(jiān)視攝像機(jī)的使用做了充分準(zhǔn)備。因此，正確答案是[B]。[A]不正確，因?yàn)榫炀謱@項(xiàng)技術(shù)非常小心，可見他們對這項(xiàng)技術(shù)也不是很有信心；我們無法從馬倫的話中推斷出[C]“公民有權(quán)管理這項(xiàng)技術(shù)”．[D]與馬倫的話無關(guān)。7、Whydoesthesystemfailtoarrestawantedperson?A、Thesystemisnoteffectiveinrecognizingpeople.B、Thesystemdoesnotlookatskincolororone’sgender.C、Thesystemdoesnotconsiderpeople’sspecificfeatures.D、Thesystemishighlyinaccurateandcanbeeasilyfooled.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：C知識點(diǎn)解析：為什么這個系統(tǒng)未能抓到一個通緝犯?[A]這個系統(tǒng)在識別人的特征方面沒有效果。[B]這個系統(tǒng)不看人的膚色或者性別。[C]這個系統(tǒng)不考慮人的具體特征。[D]這個系統(tǒng)非常不準(zhǔn)確，容易被愚弄。文章第二段講述了面部識別系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行情況，系統(tǒng)迄今尚未抓到一個通緝犯，不過倒是虛發(fā)了幾次警報(bào)。這是因?yàn)檫@個系統(tǒng)是通過測量來分析面部進(jìn)行運(yùn)作的，即它不看人的膚色、頭發(fā)或性別，只是根據(jù)一些面部測量的數(shù)據(jù)。這說明這個系統(tǒng)不考慮人的具體特征，而是通過一系列測量來對面部進(jìn)行分析，所以它的準(zhǔn)確率非常低，因而抓不到通緝犯。所以，正確答案是[C]。[A]“這個系統(tǒng)在識別人的特征方面沒有效果”不具體；[B]即馬倫的話，雖然是事實(shí)，但是“不看人的膚色、性別”并不具體，無法說明“迄今尚未抓到通緝犯”的理由；[D]是批評家的看法，不是這個命題的理由。8、WhatistheACLU’sattitudetowardthesystem?A、Worried.B、Skeptical.C、Confident.D、Indifferent.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識點(diǎn)解析：美國公民自由協(xié)會對這個系統(tǒng)的態(tài)度如何?[A]擔(dān)心。[B]懷疑。[C]有信心。[D]漠不關(guān)心。文章第三段第三句指出，美國公民自由協(xié)會(ACLU)擔(dān)心面部識別系統(tǒng)會很快被機(jī)場使用。該組織很擔(dān)心這項(xiàng)技術(shù)會被用來監(jiān)控個人的政治活動，從而騷擾守法公民。這說明ACLU對面部識別系統(tǒng)的使用很擔(dān)心，所以[A]正確。[B]ACLU確實(shí)對這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的使用表示懷疑，但最主要的是因?yàn)樗麄兒茈y消除疑慮；[C]與原文不符，ACLU對這項(xiàng)技術(shù)沒有信心；[D]“漠不關(guān)心”也不對，從文章中可以看出，ACLU對面部識別系統(tǒng)非常關(guān)注，因?yàn)樗麄儞?dān)心這項(xiàng)技術(shù)會騷擾守法公民。9、InJohnWhitehead’sopinion,facerecognitiontechnologyA、mayinterferewithpeople’sprivacy.B、mayenhancethecountry’sconstantsurveillance.C、canbeusedinthesamewaywiretapsareused.D、canbeusedafteritsthreathasbeenremoved.標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：A知識點(diǎn)解析：在約翰·懷特海德看來，面部識別技術(shù)[A]可能會威脅到人們的隱私。[B]可能會促使國家進(jìn)行不斷的監(jiān)控。[C]可以像竊聽裝置那樣使用。[D]在其威脅解除之后可以使用。文章最后一段最后一句講了約翰·懷