科技英語閱讀習題答案

Unit1Mathematics

SectionCPost-readingTask

VocabularyandStructure

1.Word-building

Directions:Givethecorrectformofthewordaccordingtotheindicationinthebrackets.Then

completethesentencesusingtherightformforeachword.Useeachwordonce.

discover—(suffix)symbol—(suffix)

logic—(suffix)form—(suffix)

correspond—(suffix)develop—(suffix)

describe—(suffix)able—(prefix)

contradict——(suffix)equal—(suffix)

1)Themathmaynothavebeennew,butDuchinenjoyedtheprocessof,andshegotto

workcollaborativelywithhalfadozenothermathwhizzes.(discovery)

2)Packagescanbesealedandcancontainpersonalifitrelatestothecontentsofthe

packagedcorrespondence)

3)Newresearchindicatesthatthebrainregionmayprefernotationtoothernumeric

representations.(symbolic)

4)Todothis,anidealmodelbasedontheparadigmwasconstructedandthencompared

withaneutralmodelreflectingthefurthereducationsystemasitexistedbeforetheActtook

effect.(equality)

5)IsthisnotinflagranttoEinstein'srulethatsignalsdonottravelfasterthanthevelocity

oflight?(contradiction)

6)Sequentialorganizationhasthemajoradvantagethattherecordsarestoredina

order,presumablythatsequencetowhichtherecordsarenormallyrequiredforprintingandfor

softcopyreports.(logical)

7)Themathematicalofazero-sumtwo-persongameisnotdifficulttoconstruct,and

determiningtheoptimalstrategiesandthevalueofthegameiscomputationallystraightforward.(

description)

8)Theproofwenowknowrequiredtheofanentirefieldofmathematicsthatwas

unknowninFermat'stime.(development)

9)Williamsaddsthatmanycoursesingeometry,utheonehighschoolclassthatdemands

reasoning,"havealreadybeen“gutted"andarenolongerproof-based.(formal)

10)Theconceptoftotalaircraftownershipwillbecomeincreasinglyimportantshouldthetraditional

tradestructurebetocovertheexpanseoftechnologieseconomically^unable)

2.Directions:Completethesentenceswiththewordsgiveninthebrackets.Changetheformif

necessary.

1)Thekeytounravelingsuchapparentparadoxesistocharacterizetheinitialsetofpossibilities

("initial"meaningbeforeyoureceiveanyextrainformation)andthentoeliminatepossibilities

basedonthatextrainformation,(base)

2)Indeed,thisseparationofmeaningisreflectedbythedefinitionof"weak"intheOALD,witha

distinctsensereservedforitsusewhenpertainingtothatofsolutions(definition)

3)TheresultingradicalpollutioncontrolprogrammeoutlinedbyNixon,callingfora90percent

reductioninvehicleemissionsby1980,notonlyledtohimbeingcredited(albeitbriefly)aspolicy

initiatorofanenvironmentalclean-upbutalsoprovidedhimwiththechancetodealablowtoone

ofhismostimportantopponentsinthe1972elections,EdmundMuskie(blow)

4)Singapore'scontinuinginvestmentsineducationandtraininghasbroughtatenfoldincreaseinour

poolofInformationTechnologyprofessionalsandtheSingaporeworkerhasbeenconsistently

ratedbyBERIastheworld'sbestintermsoftechnicalskills,attitudeandproductivity.(term)

5)Inthisworkhewasledtotopology,astillnewkindofmathematicsrelatedtogeometry,andtothe

studyofshapes(compactmanifolds)ofalldimensions,(lead)

6)Ifthereisnoallowablestringwhichspansthewholegraph,thenwecansearchinthesameway

asdescribedabove,butwherevertherequiredpathdoesnotexistinthetree,checkifthat

positioninthetreeisflaggedforend-of-word(way)

7)Duringthepastcentury,stepsforwardinphysicshaveoftencomeintheformofnewlyfound

particles;inengineering,morecomplexdevices;inastronomy,fartherplanetsandstars;in

biology,rarergenes;andinchemistry,moreusefulmaterialsandmedications.(form)

8)Asecondreasonformeasurementsisthemoretheoretical,putbyLoveas"thediscoveryof

numericalrelationsbetweenthequantitiesthatcanbemeasuredtoserveasabasisforthe

inductivedeterminationoftheformoftheintrinsicenergyfunction.H(serve)

9)Thustheoptimumconditionsforcoastalterracedevelopmentwouldseemtobeareaswithsmall

tidalranges.Finally,tidalrangeisanimportantfactorinthegenerationoftidalcurrentswhichmay

locallybecomeofgeomorphologicalimportance(become)

10)Theoriginaldoubleentrancedoorstothebookinghallhadbeenreplacedbyanutterly

incongruouspicturewindowashadadjacentbookinghallandwaitingroomwindows.(replace)

3.Directions:Reorderthedisorderedpartsofasentencetomakeacompletesentence.

1)Asimplewaytodescribetopologyisasa'rubbersheetgeometry*—topologistsstudythose

propertiesofshapesthatremainthesamewhentheshapesarestretchedorcompressed.

2)Sincethemid-1990sscientistshavefloatedtheideathatrepresentationsofnumericquantities,

whetherexpressedasdigitsoraswrittenwords,arecodifiedbytheparietalcortex,ahigher-

processingregioninthebrainlocatedjustabovetheforehead.

3)Asactivitywasmonitored,locatedjustabovetheforehead.researchersnotedchangesunderthe

assumptionthatthebrainreducesactivityasitbecomesaccustomedtoastimulusandthen

reactivateswhenanovelstimulusispresented.

4)Thathasnotstoppedphysicistsfromdevisingnewalgorithmsforthedevices,whichcancalculate

alotfasterthanordinarycomputers——infact,exponentiallyfaster,inquitealiteralsense.

5)Suchadevicewouldbemadeofmetamaterial,athicketofmetalringsorothershapesthatbends

lightinfunnyways.

4.Directions:Changethefollowingsentencesintonominalizedones.

1)Thepassageofnightcouldbemarkedbytheappearanceof18ofthesestars.

2)ThefullproofofFermat'sLastTheoremiscontainedinthesetwopapers.

3)Theconceptoffixed-lengthhours,however,didnotoriginateuntiltheHellenisticperiod.

4)Thereisaprobabilitythatmyfirstsockisredbecauseonlyoneoftheremainingthreesocksisred.

5)TheimportanceofaccuratedatainquantitativemodelingiscentraltousingBayes,stheoremto

calculatetheprobabilityoftheexistenceofGod.

Reading2

2.Completethesentencesbasedonthetext.

1)ThetermMandelbrotsetisusedtoreferbothtoageneralclassofandtoa

particularinstanceofsuchaset.(fractalsets)

2)2.Ingeneral,aMandelbrotsetmarksthesetofpointsinthesuchthatthe

correspondingJuliasetisconnectedandnotcomputable,(complexplane)

3)"The"Mandelbrotsetisthesetobtainedfromthez_(n+1)==z_n-2+cwith

z_0==c,wherepointsinthecomplexplaneforwhichtheorbitofz_ndoesnottendtoinfinityare

intheset.(quadraticrecurrenceequation)

4)Settingz_0equaltoanypointinthesetthatisnotagivesthesameresult,

(periodicpoint)

5)TheMandelbrotsetwasoriginallycalledabyMandelbrot.J.Hubbardand

A.DouadyprovedthattheMandelbrotsetisconnected(molecule)

LanguageinUse

1.MatchtheChineseintheleftcolumnwiththeEnglishintherightcolumn.

迭代函數(shù)iterativefunction

優(yōu)先權(quán)之爭prioritybattle

分形特征fractalproperties

有意義makesense

以越來越小的規(guī)模重復同一模式patternsrepeatthemselvesatsmallerandsmallerscales

混沌理論chaostheory

季刊aquarterlyjournal

數(shù)學界themathematicscommunity

波紋線crisplines

會議公報proceedingsofaconference

2.Jointhefollowingshortsentencesintolongerones.

1)Inadditiontocoiningtheterm"fractal"todescribeobjectsandsurfaceswhichareirregularat

variousdimensionsofscale,healsointroducedsuchconceptsas"fractaldimensions,'andthe

particularfractalknownastheMandelbrotset,frequentlyrepresentedwiththemathematical

formulaz—z+c.

2

2)Itappearedthatthingsweresettlingintoapleasantandfruitfulroutine,withhisschoollessons

supplementedbylongtalkswithhisuncleaboutclassicalanalysis,theiterativeworkofPierre

FatouandtheequallyfascinatingJuliaSetsgeneratedbyGastonJulia

3)JustastheyouthfulMandelbrothadpassedhiscollegeentranceexamsbytranslatingalgebraic

problemsintogeometricalproblems,andsolvingthembyintuitivelydeducingthe"perfected"

shape,hehererealizedtherewassomethingdeeper,somethingmathematical,behindthese

strangepatterns.

4)ButthebeautyinMandelbrotsmodelswasnotthattheygeneratedadeceitfulrandomness,but

thattheycouldgenerategrapheddatawhosevisualpatternaccuratelymimickedthevisual

patternscreatedbyrealphenomenao

5)Butdespitebeingtheinspirationforsuchmetaphysics,Mandelbrot,whenaskediffractalsdon't

pointtoasingleruleunderlyingreality,hassimplystated,"Thereisnosinglerulethatgovernsthe

useofgeometry.Idon'tthinkoneexists".

3.TranslatethesentencesintoChinese.

1)Heisbestknownforcoiningthetermfractaltodescribephenomena(suchascoastlines,

snowflakes,mountainsandtrees)whosepatternsrepeatthemselvesatsmallerandsmaller

scales.

他主要是因為用分形這個概念來描述(海岸線，雪花，山脈和樹木)等不規(guī)則形狀等現(xiàn)象而聞名于

世，這些不規(guī)則形狀在越來越小的規(guī)模上不斷重復同?模式。

2)Acloserlookrevealsthatthebordersofthesetdonotformcrisplinesbutseemtoshimmerlike

flames.

如果再仔細觀察，就可以發(fā)現(xiàn)集的邊界并沒有呈波紋線，而是像火焰一樣閃光。

3)Krantzintroducedanewelementintothedebate,however,bystatingthattheMandelbrotset

"wasnotinventedbyMandelbrotbutoccursexplicitlyintheliteratureacoupleofyearsbeforethe

term'Mandelbrotset'wascoined.',

但是，克朗茲在這場辯論中引入了一個新東西，他說曼德布洛特集不是曼德布洛特發(fā)明的，而是早

在“蛙德布洛特集”這個術(shù)語出現(xiàn)幾年以前就已經(jīng)明確地在數(shù)學文獻中出現(xiàn)了。

4)MandelbrotalsosuggestedthatevenifBrooksandMatelski'spublicationhadprecededhis,they

stillcouldnotbeconsidereddiscoverersoftheset,becausetheydidnotappreciateits

significance.

4

曼德布洛特同時也暗示即使布魯克斯和馬特爾斯基的論文先于他發(fā)表，但因為他們沒有領(lǐng)會到其價

值，仍然不能將他們看作是曼德布洛特集的發(fā)現(xiàn)者。

5).InresponsetoHubbardandDouady'schargethatheisstingyingrantingcredit,Mandelbrotsays

hehasalsobeenaccusedofovercitation.

對胡巴德和杜阿迪指責他對論文中材料來源的說明上做得非常少，曼德布洛特回應說也有人也指責

過他過分引用別人的成果。

4.TranslatethesentencesintoEnglish.

1)他的生活和工作過程正如使他成名的幾何學一樣，既不是線性的，也不具備簡單的形狀。

Likethegeometrythatmadehimfamous,neitherhislifenorthecourseofhisworkwaslinearor

simplisticinshapeandform

2)曼德布洛特說在隨后的兩年里他在多個領(lǐng)域中摸索，卻沒有明顯的相聯(lián)系的線索。

Mandelbrotsayshespentthenexttwoyearsgroping,exploringfirstonefieldandthenanother,

withoutanyclearsenseoftheconnectingthread.

3)更奇怪的是，他發(fā)現(xiàn)噪音周期與清晰傳送周期的比率是恒定的，與用于繪制這個現(xiàn)象的時間大小無

關(guān)。

Strangerstill,hefoundthattheratioofperiodsofnoisetoperiodsofcleantransmissionremained

constant,regardlessofthescaleoftimeusedtoplotthephenomenon.

4)通過查詢一直到1900年的記錄，他開始發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個令人驚異的模式，這個模式使他明白了他10年

前有關(guān)線路噪聲的研究工作。

Usingrecordsdatingbackto1900,hebegantoperceiveanastonishingpattern-onethat

hearkenedbacktohisworkonlinenoiseadecadeearlier.

5)盡管就正常銷售而言，價格變化是無序的，而且沒有人能夠預測價格變化的準確數(shù)值，但變化本身

卻遵循著與變化幅度相關(guān)的對稱模式。

Althoughpricechangeswereerraticintermsofnormaldistributionandnoonecouldpredictthe

exactamountofanyparticularpricechange,thechangesthemselvesfollowedasymmetrical

patternwithregardstoscaling

Unit2Physics

VocabularyandStructure

1.Word-building

Directions:Givethecorrectformofthewordaccordingtotheindicationinthebrackets.Then

completethesentencesusingtherightformforeachword.Useeachwordonce.

consumerism一(antonym)revive一(noun)

physics一(prefix)compress——(noun)

cluster一(prefix)center一(prefix)

5

elastic一(antonym)

connect一(prefix)

vibrator一(prefix)

count一(suffix)

6

1)Whentriggeredbyaninputpulse,amonostablewillswitchtoitsunstablepositionfora

periodoftime,andthenreturntoitsstablestate.(multivibrator)

2)Christianisatermthatgenerallyreferstoaspecificperiodofincreasedspiritual

interestorrenewalinthelifeofachurchcongregationormanychurches,eitherregionallyor

globally.(revival)

3)arelargegroupsofsmallergalaxygroupsandclustersandareamongthelargest

structuresofthecosmos.(Superclusters)

4)Duringhiscareer,hecreatedroughly900oilpaintingsandmorethan2,000watercolors,aswell

assketchesandcharcoaldrawings.(countless)

5)Incomputingandcommunications,dataprocessingcombinedwithtelecommunications,e.g.,the

useofatelephonenetworktoconnectaremoteterminaltoacomputerortotwo

computers.(interconnect)

6)isthebranchofastronomythatdealswiththephysicsoftheuniverse,includingthe

physicalpropertiesofcelestialobjectssuchasgalaxies,stars,planets,exoplanets,andthe

interstellarmedium,aswellastheirinteractions.(Astrophysics)

7)Anearthquake'sisthepositionwherethestrainenergystoredintherockisfirst

released,andisthepointwherethefaultbeginstorupture.Thisoccursatthefocaldepthbelow

theepicentre.(hypocenter)

8)referstothesocio-politicalmovementagainstconsumerism,theequatingofpersonal

happinesswithconsumptionandthepurchaseofmaterialpossessions.(Anti-consumerism)

9)Byinducing,mechanicalpropertiessuchascompressivestrengthormodulusof

elasticity,canbemeasured.Scientistsmayutilizepressmachinestoinduceit.(compression)

10)Two-dimensionalcollisions,bothelasticand,maybedemonstratedonthistable,

(inelastic)

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2.Directions:Completethesentenceswiththewordsgiveninthebrackets.Changetheformif

necessary.

1)Skininjury,infection,stress,andcertaindrugsmaytriggerpsoriasis.Skincellsmoveatan

acceleratedratefromthedermisintotheepidermis,wheretheysloughoff,causinginflammation.

牛皮癬可能由皮膚外傷、感染、壓力和某些藥物引起。皮膚細胞自真皮加速移至表皮處，并在表皮

脫落引起發(fā)炎癥狀。

2)WhatiscleartojustabouteveryoneisthatJordan'squeenfaceschallengescommontomany

amonghergeneration,butonamuchgranderscale.

幾乎每個人都明白，約旦王后面臨的挑戰(zhàn)也是她同時代許多人所遇到的，但對她的挑戰(zhàn)更為艱巨。

3)Theresultisaclassiccaseofwhateconomistscallnetworkeffects:successinthepastcreates

7

successinthefuture.

結(jié)果就形成了經(jīng)濟學中網(wǎng)絡(luò)效應的典型例證：過去的成功創(chuàng)造了未來的成功。

4)Frictiongraduallycausedtheslidingboxtoslowdownandstop.

摩擦力使向下滑的箱子減慢速度后停下來。

5)Mostofthedatastructuresandalgorithmsusedtorepresentandmanipulateinformationin

softwarearelogictoolsbasedonmathematicalalgorithms.

在表達和處理軟件中的信息時，大多數(shù)數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)和算法是基于數(shù)學算法的邏輯工具。

6)Weshallrefertothisforceasthedrivingforceontheparticle.

我們把這個力叫做作用在粒子上的驅(qū)動力。

7)Heatmustnotbeconfusedwithtemperature,whichdeterminesthedirectionoftransferofheat.

務必不要把熱與溫度混同起來，溫度決定著熱傳輸?shù)姆较颉?/p>

8)Observation,reasonandexperimentmakeupwhatwecallthescientificmethod.

觀察、推理和實驗，這些內(nèi)容構(gòu)成了我們所說的科學方法。

9)Andinthelongertermdisparatesystemsmayconvergeandbecomeinterconnected,bringingupa

wholehostofnewquestions.

除此之外，從長遠來看，現(xiàn)在格格不入的系統(tǒng)也許在將來某天會融合到一起，變得互相相連，從而

帶來?系列全新的問題。

10)Forexample,whenemployeesinacompanyarebusyfightingeachother,competitorscanadd

fueltothefire.

例如，公司里員工整天斗來斗去，競爭者就有可能火上添油。

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3.Directions:Reorderthedisorderedpartsofsentencestomakeacompletesentence.

e.g.atanacceleratedpace;isthename;fromeachother;anunexplainedforce;Darkenergy;against

thepullofgravity;givento;thatisdrawinggalaxiesaway;

Darkenergyisthenamegiventoanunexplainedforcethatisdrawinggalaxiesawayfromeach

other,againstthepullofgravity,atanacceleratedpace.

1)ItseemsthattherateofexpansionoftheUniverseisaccelerating,drivenbytheso-calleddark

energy.

LawrenceM.Krauss.Whatisdarkenergy?.Nature.2004(9):519-520.

2)Thenatureofthe,darkenergy*thatiscausingtheapparentacceleratedexpansionoftheUniverse

is,withoutdoubt,thebiggestmysteryinphysicsandastronomy.

LawrenceM.Krauss.Whatisdarkenergy?.Nature.2004(9):519-520.

3)Althoughitwasastrophysicalobservationsoftheaccelerationthatledtothediscoveryofdark

energy,therearepreciousfewteststhatcanbeperformedtoworkoutwhatdarkenergyis.

LawrenceM.Krauss.Whatisdarkenergy?.Nature.2004(9):519-520.

4)Wecaninferthepresenceofdarkmatterthroughindirectmethods,despitenotbeingabletosee

it.

RobertCaldwellandMarcKamionkowski.Darkmatteranddarkenergy,Nature,2009(4):587-

589.

5)Overthepastdecade,researchershavereportedseveralimpressivediscoveriesaimedat

controllingtheflowoflightinwaysthatdefycommonintuition.

ByF.JavierGarciadeAbajo.Seeingwithoutbeingseen.Physics2,47(2009).

4.Directions:Withthemeaningintact,changethefollowingsentencesintonominalizedones.

e.g.Wecanimprovetheperformancebyusingsuperheatedengine.

Animprovementoftheperformancecanbeachievedbytheuseofsuperheatedengine.

1)Thediscoveryofdarkenergyisaclassiccaseofscienceconfoundingexpectations.

2)Thethesisgivesananalysisofthespecificproblemandoffersasolutiontoit.

3)Theaccuracyoftheresultsoftheexperimentisdoubtful.

4)Theobservationofmanysupernovaebyscientistsatdifferentdistancesdeterminesthespeedof

theirmovingawayfromus.

5)Thefindingsoftheresearchersalsoshowthattheexpansionoftheuniverseisatthegreatestrate

uptonow.

Reading2(EmanuelKnill.Nature[J].2010,(1):441-443)

LanguageinUse

1.MatchtheChineseintheleftcolumnwiththeEnglishintherightcolumn.

處理量子信息manipulatequantuminformation

超導電路superconductingcircuit

電荷或通量chargeorflux

文字處理wordprocessing

虛擬實驗室virtuallaboratory

組織制度constituentsystem

空間分離spatialseparation

沒有明顯的限制withnoapparentlimit

有待觀察remaintobeseen

...正在進行中…beunderway

2.Jointhefollowingshortsentencesintolongerones.

e.g.a.Thisallowsquantuminterferencetobeexploited.

9

b.Thisgreatlyenrichesthekindofinformation.

c.Theinformationcanberepresented.

e.g.Thisallowsquantuminterferencetobeexploitedandgreatlyenrichesthekindofinformation

thatcanberepresented.

1)Researchersrealizedthat,bymanipulatingquantumsystemsdirectly,theycouldcircumventthe

hurdlesofsimulatingquantumphenomenausingclassicalcomputers.

2)Thereareother,similarlywell-structuredmathematicalproblemsforwhichquantumalgorithms

canyieldsolutionsdramaticallyfasterthancanclassicalcomputers.

3)Whatwehaveisanumberoffundamentalquantum-algorithmtoolsthatcanbewidelyapplied,

andweareseekingmoresuchtools.

4)Thistypicallymeansthatwemustbeabletoaccessandmodifythestateofindividualqubitsand

qubitpairswithoutaffectingtheotherqubits—inmuchthesamewayasbitsinclassical

computersaremanipulatedbyapplyingcircuitelementsthatactononeortwobits.

5)Becausethephysicalinteractionsthatunderliethecomputation'sgatesdependonparameters

thattakeacontinuousrangeofvalues,itisgenerallybelievedthatitisimpracticaltoachievehigh

accuracydirectly.

3.TranslatethesentencesintoChinese.

1)Itcanremovetheeffectsofphysicallyreasonablecomputationalerrorsanddecoherence

processes,providedthatenoughoftherequirementsforbuildingaquantumcomputercanbe

met.

如果能夠充分滿足制造量子計算機所需的條件，量子糾錯就能消除物理上合理的計算誤差及退相干

過程所帶來的影響。

2)Althoughthislimitiscase-dependent,thereisneverthelessaconsensusthat,forpractical

scalability,theprobabilityoferrorintroducedbytheapplicationofaquantumgatemustbeless

than0.0001.

雖然這個極限視具體情況而定，但大家達成一個共識：為了實現(xiàn)可擴展性要求，一個量子門運用中

所產(chǎn)生的錯誤率必須小于0.0001。

3)Bearingsuchrequirementsinmind,one-qubitregistershavebeendemonstrated,andtwo-qubit

registersarecloseathand.

滿足這些要求的一個量子位的儲存器已經(jīng)面世了，兩個量子位的儲存器也快了。

4)Manyexperimentshavebeenperformedinvolvingnuclearmagneticresonance(qubitsassociated

withnuclearspinsinmolecules)andoptics(qubitscarriedbyphotons).

已經(jīng)進行了大量實驗，包括核磁共振系統(tǒng)(量子位與分子中核自旋相關(guān))和光學系統(tǒng)(用光子實現(xiàn)

量子位)。

5)Ideally,allcomputationwouldbebasedonelementarydeviceswhosequantumfeaturescouldbe

exploitedwithfewadditionalresourcesoverthoseneededtomakethemcomputeclassically.

理想情況下，所有的(量子)計算應基于一些基本元件，利用這些元件的量子特性所需的額外資源

io

遠少于用它們進行經(jīng)典計算時所需。

4.TranslatethesentencesintoEnglish.

1)可以說如果沒有量子糾纏現(xiàn)象,，就不會有今天所說的量子信息。

Wecandaretosay,iftherewerenotquantumentanglementphenomena,therewouldbeno

quantuminformationoftoday.

2)量子計算機是一種計算裝置，直接利用量子力學現(xiàn)象，如疊加和糾纏對數(shù)據(jù)進行操作。

Aquantumcomputerisadeviceforcomputationthatmakesdirectuseofquantummechanical

phenomena,suchassuperpositionandentanglement,toperformoperationsondata.

3)1994年，彼得哨設(shè)計了一種量子算法：用6個量子比特來進行一些基本的因式分解。

In1994,PeterShordevisedanquantumalgorithmthatcoulduseonly6qubitstoperformsome

basicfactorizations.

4)大致想法是將一條消息拆分成幾個單元的二進制數(shù)據(jù)一0與1的字串。

Thegeneralideaistobreakupamessageintoblocksofbinarydata—stringsof"0"sand“1"s.

5)該論文詳細討論了量子邏輯門的基本構(gòu)造。

Thethesisdiscussedthebasicstructureofquantumgateindetail.

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Unit3NetworkSecurity

VocabularyandStructure

1.Word-building

Directions:Givethecorrectformofthewordaccordingtotheindicationinthebrackets.Then

completethesentencesusingtherightformforeachword.Useeachwordonce.

closure一(prefix)fault—(prefix)

secure——(noun)customer一(verb)

revocable一(prefix)nose—(adjective)

develop一(noun)trustworthy一(antonym)

ratify一(noun)solve一(prefix)

1)Cakesoficeslowlyintopuddles.(dissolved)

/s/?wd=dissolve

2)meansshowingtoomuchcuriosityaboutotherpeople'saffairs.(Nosy)

.hk/dictionary?langpair=en%7Czh-CN&q=nosy&hl=zh-CN&aq=f

3)Privacyrepresentativesfrom60countrieshaveresolvedtoaskforlawstocomplementindustry

self-regulationforprotectionsforusersofsocialnetworks.(default)

11

4)Incomputersecurity,fullmeansdisclosingfullinformationaboutvulnerabilities,

(disclosure)

5)istheapprovalbytheprincipalofanactofitsagentwheretheagentlacked

authoritytolegallybindtheprincipal.(Ratification)

6)Alifeinsurancetrustisan,non-amendabletrustwhichisboththeownerand

beneficiaryofoneormorelifeinsurancepolicies.(irrevocable)

7)Thelikelihoodofexecutinganprogramisdramaticallyincreasedowingtothe

prevalenceofInternet.(untrustworthy)

/show-untrustworthy-2.html

8)Twocomputerprogramscouldbeinterferingwitheachotherandevencancelling

eachother'seffect,whiletheownerbelievess/heisgettingadoubleprotection.(security)

9)Incomputing,athemeisapresetpackagecontaininggraphicalappearancedetails,usedto

thelookandfeelof(typically)anoperatingsystemorwindowmanager,(customize)

10)Asoftwareisapersonororganizationconcernedwithfacetsofthesoftware

developmentprocess,whocanbeinvolvedinaspectswiderthandesignandcoding,(developer)

3-6,8-10/wiki

2.Directions:Completethesentenceswiththewordsgiveninthebrackets.Changetheformif

necessary.

1)Manypeoplewhohavenotthoughtcarefullybeforehandaboutlearninglanguagesarelikelytobe

carriedalongbyamishmashofideasthatmakelittleornopracticalsense.

許多人在學一門外語前缺乏足夠的思想準備，極易被雜亂而無實際意義的念頭、假設(shè)和習慣所左

右。

/mish-mash%20of

2)Heishell-bentonhavinghisownway.

他一意孤行

/

3)Butmostpeoplewouldratherseetheapplicationtakesome"goodenough"firststepandthen

adjustittowhatisdesired.

然而大部