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[模擬]職稱英語衛(wèi)生類A級模擬41
詞匯選項(xiàng)下面共有15個(gè)句子,每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語帶有
括號或下劃線,請從每個(gè)句子后面所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1個(gè)與括號
里邊部分意義最相近的詞或短語。
第1題:
Whentheheat(accumulates)intheroom,itwillbecomesohot.
A.elects
B.collects
C.selects
D.reflects
參考答案:B
本題是對動(dòng)詞的考查。題干括號內(nèi)詞accumulate意為“積累,積聚”,elect
意為“選舉",collect意為“收集”,select意為“挑選”,reflect意為“反
射,反映”,所以正確答案為B。
第2題:
Thestainonhisshirtissurenotto(vanish).
A.disappear
B.appear
C.mix
D.blend
參考答案:A
本題是對動(dòng)詞的考查。題干括號內(nèi)詞vanish意為“消失”,disappear意為“消
失”,appear意為“出現(xiàn)",mix意為“混合”,blend意為“混合”,所以正
確答案為A。
第3題:
The(compulsory)coursesrefertothosethatyouhavetotake.
A.simple
B.voluntary
C.practical
D.required
參考答案:D
本題是對形容詞的考查。題干括號內(nèi)詞compulsory意為“義務(wù)的,必修的”,
simple意為“簡單的”,voluntary意為"志愿的",practical意為“實(shí)際的,
1
實(shí)用的",required意為“被要求的,必需的",所以正確答案為D。
第4題:
Floodshave(undermined)thefoundationoftheancientbridge.
A.destroyed
B.reached
C.broaden
D.covered
參考答案:A
本題是對動(dòng)詞的考查。題干括號內(nèi)詞undermine意為"破壞"destroy意為“破
壞",reach意為“達(dá)到”,broaden意為“擴(kuò)大,變寬",cover意為“覆蓋,
遮蓋”,所以正確答案為A。
第5題:
Thoseshops(flourished)alongthehighwaybeingbuilt.
A.appeared
B.gained
C.benefited
D.prospered
參考答案:D
本題是對動(dòng)詞的考查。題干括號內(nèi)詞flourish意為“繁榮,茂盛",appear意
為“出現(xiàn)",gain意為“獲得,贏得”,benefit意為“有益”,prosper意為
“繁榮,昌盛”,所以正確答案為D。
第6題:
Ifinally(submit)myreportbeforethedeadline.
A.handin
B.handout
C.handon
D.handback
參考答案:A
本題是對動(dòng)詞的考查。題干括號內(nèi)詞submit意為“提交,屈服",handin意
為“上交”,handout意為“分發(fā)”,handon意為“轉(zhuǎn)交,傳遞下去”,hand
back意為“退還,歸還”,所以正確答案為A。
第7題:
Ithinktheyarequite(confident)intheirconclusion.
A.certain
2
B.worried
C.suspicious
D.doubtful
參考答案:A
本題是對形容詞的考查。題干括號內(nèi)詞confident意為“自信的,確信的”,
certain意為“確定的”,worried意為“焦慮的,擔(dān)心的”,suspicious意為
“懷疑的",doubtful意為“懷疑的”,所以正確答案為A。
第8題:
Heexpressed(concern)thattheshipmightbeindanger.
A.worry
B.difficulties
C.need
D.danger
參考答案:A
本題是對名詞的考查。題干括號內(nèi)詞concern意為“關(guān)注,擔(dān)心",worry意為
“擔(dān)心,焦慮",difficulty意為“困難",need意為“需要”,danger意為
“危險(xiǎn)”,所以正確答案為A。
第9題:
Shefinally(abandoned)heroriginalmethodandtookanewapproach.
A.supported
B.promoted
C.gaveup
D.tiredof
參考答案:C
本題是對動(dòng)詞的考查。題干括號內(nèi)詞abandon意為“放棄,遺棄",support意
為“支持",promote意為“促進(jìn),提升“,giveup意為“放棄”,betiredof
意為“厭煩,厭倦”,所以正確答案為C。
第10題:
His(motive)forworkingsohardisthatheneedsmoney.
A.motivation
B.solution
C.motion
D.nature
參考答案:A
3
本題是對名詞的考查。題干括號內(nèi)詞motive意為''動(dòng)機(jī)",motivation意為''動(dòng)
機(jī)”,solution意為“解決辦法”,motion意為“移動(dòng),動(dòng)作",nature意為
“自然,本質(zhì)”,所以正確答案為A。
第11題:
Beforeyoucarryouta(survey),youshouldhaveacarefulplanning.
A.career
B.search
C.plan
D.research
參考答案:D
本題是對名詞的考查。題干括號內(nèi)詞survey意為“調(diào)查”,career意為“職業(yè)”,
search意為“搜查,查詢”,plan意為“計(jì)劃”,research意為“研究,調(diào)查”,
所以正確答案為D。
第12題:
Thepayofthisjobis(somewhat)lowerthanotherjobs.
A.much
B.very
C.alittle
D.less
參考答案:C
本題是對副詞的考查。題干括號內(nèi)詞somewhat意為“有點(diǎn)”,much意為“許多”,
very意為“非?!?,alittle意為“一點(diǎn)”,less意為“更少”,所以正確答
案為C。
第13題:
Hetriedtoavoidthe(barrier)tohiscarryingouttheplan.
A.root
B.obstacle
C.danger
D.advantage
參考答案:B
本題是對名詞的考查。題干括號內(nèi)詞barrier意為“障礙物,障礙",root意
為“根,根源",obstacle意為“障礙,阻礙”,danger意為“危險(xiǎn)”,advantage
意為“優(yōu)勢”,所以正確答案為B。
4
第14題:
Thebehavior(isstemmed)fromhiside
A.A.flowsB.comesC.watchesD.observe
參考答案:
本題是對短語的考查。題干括號內(nèi)詞bestemmedfrom意為“源自”,flow意
為“流”,come意為“來”,watch意為“觀察”,observe意為“觀察”,所
以正確答案為B。
第15題:
Thepriceofthismachineisnot(reasonable).
A.helpful
B.kind
C.fair
D.effective
參考答案:C
本題是對形容詞的考查。題干括號內(nèi)詞reasonable意為“合理的,公道的”,
helpful意為“有幫助的",kind意為“好心的,善良的",fair意為“公平
的,公道的",effective意為“有效的”,所以正確答案為C。
閱讀判斷閱讀下面這篇短文,短文后列出了7個(gè)句子,請根據(jù)
短文的內(nèi)容對每個(gè)句子作出判斷。如果該句提供的是正確信息,請選
擇A項(xiàng);如果該句提供的錯(cuò)誤信息,請選擇B項(xiàng):如果該句的信息文
章中沒有提及,請選擇C項(xiàng)。
WillHillaryBetheNextAmericanPresident?
Backin1969,USPresidentRichardNixonconfidentlypredicted,
〃Inthenext50years,weshallseeawomanpresident,perhapssoonerthan
youthink.〃
Today,nottoofaroffNixon'sdeadline,Americaislookingat
thatpossibility.Overtheweekend,HillaryRodhamClinton,wifeofformer
presidentBillClinton,announcedherrunfor2008presidency.
U.S.pollsindicatethatAmericansfeelcomfortablewithafemale
president.ANewYorkTimessurveyfoundnearlyallAmericanssayingthey
wouldvoteforpresidentifshewerequalified.
However,acceptingthetheoreticalnotionofafemaleleaderis
quitedifferentfromvotinganactualwoman.Infact,thereisstill
widespreaddistrustofawomaninthetopposition.
Thisispartlyduetothebiasedthinkingthatwomenareweakon
nationalsecurity,thoughtheymightbestrongoneducationandhealth
care.Thisdamagestheirprospectsasapresidentialcontender.
5
“There'sstillaninherentnervousnessonthepartofvoters
puttingawomaninastheultimatedecision-maker.Controlofthearmy
andbordersecurityaresortsoftraditionallymalejobs.z/commentedAmy
Walter,anAmericancampaignanalyst."That'swhereIthinkvoters
consciouslyorunconsciouslyhavedifficultieswithwomencandidates./z
WomenhaveheldthetopjobinothermajorWesterncountries.In
1979,BritainelectedMargaretThatcherprimeminister.Lastyear,
GermanymadeAngelaMerkelitsfirstfemalechancellor.
IntheU.S.,nowomanhassucceededinbeingnominatedasa
presidentialcandidate.Onewomandidmaketheattempt:ElizabethDole.
In1999,shetriedtogettheRepublicanPartynomination.ButDolecould
onlyraise$5millionforherbid-comparedwiththe$56millionGeorge
W.Bushraised.
SoBarrierslieaheadforHillaryifshewantstomakehistory
bybecomingthefirstfemaleU.S.president.WiththeIraqiwarunderway,
she'llfinditevenharder.
〃Idon'tfeelthatoursocietyisreadyforawomanpresident.
Theenemywefacedoesnotrespectfemalesthesamewaywehavecometo
seethemasequals.Ifwewerenotinthiswar,Iwouldsupportawoman
president,saidChrisDildy,acomputerengineeringstudent.
第16題:
Uptothepresent,nowomanhasbeenelectedpresidentintheU.S..
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
參考答案:A
題干大意是:迄今為止在美國沒有一個(gè)女人曾經(jīng)被選舉為總統(tǒng)。信息詞women(女
人)和uptothepresent作為答案線索,在文章第一段中找到答案相關(guān)句,該
句說“1969年,美國總統(tǒng)RichardNixon很有信心地預(yù)測:'在下一個(gè)50年里,
我們將會(huì)看見一個(gè)女總統(tǒng),這或許比你想象得更快些,可以推斷出“從1969
年到現(xiàn)在為止,美國還沒有出現(xiàn)女總統(tǒng)”。因此選擇A。
第17題:
BillClintonwillstronglysupportHillarytorunforthe2008presidency.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
參考答案:C
題干大意是:BillClinton將強(qiáng)力支持Hillary參加2008年總統(tǒng)選舉。利用問
題句中的特征詞。BillClinton和2008presidency作為答案線索,在文章中
6
查找到答案相關(guān)句:第二段第二句。但該句只是提到Hillary是BillClinton
的妻子,而文章的其部分沒有再提到BillClinton,由此判斷問題句的信息在
文章中沒有被提到。
第18題:
AmericanpeoplewillelectawomanpresidentoftheUnitedStatesin2008.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
參考答案:B
題干大意是:美國人民在2008年將選一位女總統(tǒng)。文章第四段說:“接受女總
統(tǒng)這個(gè)概念不等同于同意投票選舉出一位女總統(tǒng)。事實(shí)上,人們?nèi)匀黄毡椴幌嘈?/p>
女人能勝任領(lǐng)袖的職位”。由此可見問題句提供的信息是錯(cuò)誤的。
第19題:
OneofHillary'scampaignpromisesistoreformthenation'shealthcare
system.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
參考答案:C
題干大意是:Hillary的一個(gè)競選承諾是改革國家的醫(yī)療制度。在文章中找到答
案相關(guān)句:第五段第一句。該句只是說“女人做教育和醫(yī)療方面的工作有優(yōu)勢”,
但沒有說Hillary的一個(gè)競選承諾是改革國家的醫(yī)療制度,因此問題句的信息在
文章中沒有被提到。
第20題:
Germanselectedawomanchancellorlastyear.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
參考答案:A
題干大意說:德國去年選了一個(gè)女總理,利用問題句中的特征詞Germans和細(xì)節(jié)
信息詞womanchancellor作為答案線索,在文章第七段最后一句答案相關(guān)句。
該句說“去年,德國選舉了AngelaMerkel為德國第一位女總理”,因此問題句
提供了正確信息。
第21題:
7
Hillaryhasalreadyraisedalargeanountofcampaignfund.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
參考答案:C
題干大意說:Hillary已經(jīng)籌集到了一大筆競選款。利用問題句中的細(xì)節(jié)信息
campaignofund(競選款)作為答案線索,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)該詞以及與該詞詞義相近的詞
語均沒有在文章中出現(xiàn),因此判斷問題句的信息在文章中沒有被提到。
第22題:
ChrisDildywillvoteforHillary.
A.Right
B.Wrong
C.Notmentioned
參考答案:B
題干大意說:ChrisDildy要投Hillas的票。利用問題句中的特征詞ChrisDildy
作為答案線索,在文章中找到答案相關(guān)句(文章最后一句)。該句說“如果我們沒
有在打這場戰(zhàn)爭,我會(huì)支持選一位女總統(tǒng)”。虛擬語氣表示與事實(shí)相反或可能性
較小的假設(shè)。因此這句話得實(shí)際語義是“我們現(xiàn)在卷入了一場戰(zhàn)爭之中,因此我
是不會(huì)支持女總統(tǒng)的”。由此可見問題句的說法不正確。
概括大意與完成句子閱讀下面這篇短文,短文后有2項(xiàng)測試任
務(wù):(1)1?4題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第2?5段每段選擇1個(gè)
正確的小標(biāo)題;(2)第5?8題要求從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇4個(gè)正確
的選項(xiàng),分別完成每個(gè)句子。
IsThereaWaytoKeeptheBritain'sEconomyGrowing?
1.Intoday'sknowledgeeconomy,nationssurviveonthethings
theydobest.JapanesedesignelectronicswhileGermensexport
engineeringtechniques.TheFrenchservethebestfoodandAmericansmake
computers.
2.Britainspecializesinthegiftoftalking.Thenationdoesn
'tmanufacturemuchofanything.Butithaslawyers,stylistsandbusiness
consultantswhoearntheirlivingfromtalktalkandmoretalk.TheWorld
FoundationthinktanksaystheU?K?'sfouriconicjobstodayarenot
scientists,engineers,teachersandnurses.Instead,they're
hairdressers,celebrities,managementconsultantsandmanagers.Butcan
allthistalkingkeeptheBritisheconomygoing?TheBritishgovernment
thinksitcan.
3.AlthoughthecountryAstradedeficitwasmorethan£60
8
billionin2006,U.K.'slargestinthepostwarperiod,officialssaythe
countryhasnothingtoworryabout.Infact,Britaindoeshavea
world-classpharmaceuticalindustry,anditstillmakesasmal1sumfrom
sellingarmsabroad.Italsotradesservices-accountancy,insurance,
bankingandadvertising.ThegovernmentbelievesBritainisonthecutting
edgeoftheknowledgeeconomy.Afterall,thecountryofShakespeareand
Wordsworthhasaliterarytraditionofwhichtobeproud.Rock'n'rollis
anEnglishlanguagemedium,andtherearebillionstobemadebytheir
cutting-edgebands.Inotherwords,thecreativeeconomyhasplentyof
strengthtocarrytheBritisheconomy.
4.However,creativeindustriesaccountforonlyabout4percent
ofU?K?'sexportsofgoodsandservices.Theindustriesarefindingit
hardtomakeaprofit,accordingtoareportoftheNationalEndowment
forScience,TechnologyandtheArts.Thereportshowsonly38percent
ofBritishcompanieswereengagedininnovationactivities^,3
percentagepointsbelowtheEUaverageandwellbelowGermany(61percent)
andSweden(47percent).
5.Infact,itmightbebettertocallBritaina"servant"economy
thereareatleast4millionpeople〃inservice”.Themajorityofthe
populationareemployedbytherichtocook,clean,andtakecareoftheir
children.Manygraduatesareevendoingmenialjobsforwhichtheydonot
needadegree.Mostemploymentgrowthhasbeen,andwillcontinuetobe,
atthelow-skillendoftheservicesector,inshops,bars,hotels,
domesticserviceandinnursingandcarehomes.
23-26的選項(xiàng)
A.GrowthofEconomy
B.”Servant"Economy
C.StrengthoftheCreativeEconomy
D.WeaknessoftheCreativeEconomy
E.Giftoftalking
F.ExportofTalkingMachines
27-30的選項(xiàng)
A.tofindjobs
B.todolow-skilllobs
C.tofeeditspeople
D.tohandledisputes
E.tomakeaprofit
F.toworryabouttheBritisheconomy
第23題:
Paragraph2______
參考答案:
E
9
詳細(xì)解答:
talk幾乎在貫穿整個(gè)段落出現(xiàn),因此是段落主題詞,由此推斷E或F可能是
答案。段首句及段尾句均與E相關(guān),意義一致,因此E是答案。gift是“天賦”
的意思。
第24題:
Paragraph3
參考答案:
C
詳細(xì)解答:
段尾句是該段主題句。該段說:英國是著名作家Shakespeare(莎士比亞)和
Wordsworth(華茲華斯)的故鄉(xiāng),這些文學(xué)家和英國的搖滾樂團(tuán)創(chuàng)造了大量的精神
財(cái)富,也為英國賺得了大量的錢,顯示了創(chuàng)造性經(jīng)濟(jì)的力量。由此判定C是答案。
第25題:
Paragraph4
參考答案:
D
詳細(xì)解答:
第四段的第二個(gè)句子是段落主題句(權(quán)威機(jī)構(gòu)的觀點(diǎn))。該句講述“創(chuàng)造行業(yè)
的弱點(diǎn)是很難盈利”,因此D是答案。提示:通常出現(xiàn)在段落開頭部分或結(jié)尾部
分的權(quán)威機(jī)構(gòu)/權(quán)威人士的觀點(diǎn)/發(fā)言/研究發(fā)現(xiàn)往往直接揭示段落主題。
第26題:
Paragraph5______
參考答案:
B
詳細(xì)解答:
第四段首句是主題句。該句大意說“實(shí)際上,把英國的經(jīng)濟(jì)叫做服務(wù)經(jīng)濟(jì)更
恰當(dāng)一些,因?yàn)橹辽儆?00萬人在做服務(wù)性工作”。因此選B。
第27題:
Everycountryhasitsownway.
參考答案:
C
io
詳細(xì)解答:
該題的答案相關(guān)句在第一段首句,該句說:在今天的知識經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代,各個(gè)國
家都靠自己的強(qiáng)勢領(lǐng)域而生存。因此選t。feeditspeople(養(yǎng)活自己的人民)。
第28題:
TheBritishgovernmentdoesn'tseem.
參考答案:
F
詳細(xì)解答:
利用問題句中的特征詞Britishgovernment作為答案線索,在文章中找到
答案相關(guān)句:第二段的最后兩句話。大意是:所有這樣的言論能讓英國的經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)
轉(zhuǎn)嗎?英國政府認(rèn)為是可以的。由此可推斷出:英國政府好像并不擔(dān)心英國的經(jīng)
濟(jì)。所以F是對的。
第29題:
Thecreativeindustriesfinditdifficult.
參考答案:
E
詳細(xì)解答:
這個(gè)問題直接涉及第四段段落主題句:Theindustriesarefindingithard
tomakeaprofit,accordingtoareportoftheNationalEndowmentfor
Science,TechnologyandtheArts(根據(jù)國家科學(xué)技術(shù)藝術(shù)捐贈(zèng)委員會(huì)的一份
報(bào)告,這些創(chuàng)造性行業(yè)在獲得利潤上很困難)。因此,E為正確答案。
第30題:
Manygraduatesareemployed.
參考答案:
B
詳細(xì)解答:
利用問題句中涉及修飾結(jié)構(gòu)的細(xì)節(jié)信息詞:manygraduates(許多畢業(yè)生)作
為答案線索,在文章第五段中找到答案相關(guān)句:Manygraduatesareevendoing
menial(體力的)jobsfor(對于)whichtheydonotneedadegree(學(xué)位)。大
意是:許多畢業(yè)生甚至在做不需要學(xué)位的體力活。體力活是屬于低技術(shù)的活,因
此B是正確的。
閱讀理解下面有3篇短文,每篇短文后有5道題,每道題后面有4
個(gè)選項(xiàng)。請仔細(xì)閱讀短文并根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答其后面的問題,從4
個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選擇1最佳答案。
11
ImmigrationandProblems
Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplesupportingimmigrationfightsin
theU.S.filledstreetsalloverAmericainearly2006.Manyheldsigns
andAmericanflagsandaskedtobetreatedascitizensnotcriminals.
ManyofthesesupportedlegislationfromSenatorJohnMcCainthatwould
openapathtocitizenshiptoimmigrantswhowerealreadyinthecountry
illegally.Proposedlegislationfromotherpoliticianscalledfor
strictermeasures,includingroundingupundocumentedimmigrantsand
sendingthembacktotheirhomecountries.
Canadianofficialssaythatimmigrationapplicationscontinueto
rise.Somewanttokeepthedoorsopen.Theyneedthelabor.About400,000
immigrantswereallowedintothecountryin2005,accordingtothe
CanadianGovernmentstatistics.However,allthisgrowthmeansthat
citiesneedtoadapt.Newcomersdon'talwaysmakeasmoothtransitioninto
jobsforwhichtheyareskilled.Soindustriesareusingmentoring
programstohelpnewimmigrantsfindproperjobs.
WiththelargenumbersofundocumentedAfricanimmigrants
arrivingintheCanaryIslandsandshowingnosignofabating,theSpanish
Governmenthasdecidedtogettough.Therewillbenomoremassamnesties
forillegals,andanyonecomingtoSpainwithoutpermissionwillbesent
back,thegovernmenthasannounced.About23,000migrantslandedonthe
islandsin2006,andriotshaveeruptedinsomecrowdedreceptioncenters.
ThishaspromotedlocalauthoritiestoappealtotheUnitedNationsfor
help.
France'snewimmigrationandintegrationlawgivesthegovernment
newpowerstoencouragehigh-skilledmigration.Ittakeseffectin2007.
Thenewlawauthorizesthegovernmenttoidentifyparticularprofessions
whereFrancehasatalentshortage.Thenthegovernmentwillhelpthese
identifiedemployersfindimmigrantworkerswithneededskillsor
qualifications.Theselectedforeignemployeeswillbegranted"skills
andtalents“visas,validforthreeyears.Butsomeconcernthatit'll
causebraindrainindevelopingcountries.
第31題:
ManyimmigrantsswarmedintostreetsintheU.S.inearly2006,demanding
thattheyshouldbetreatedas.
A.animals
B.citizens
C.civilians
D.criminals
參考答案:B
答案可以從第一段的第二句話中找到。這句話說的是:許多移民舉著標(biāo)語和美國
國旗,要求按公民而不是罪犯對待。
12
第32題:
SomeCanadianofficialswanttokeepthedooropenbecause.
A.Canadaisindesperateneedoftalentedpeople
B.Canadacanfeedamuchlargerpopulation
C.Canadaissufferingfromlaborshortage
D.Canadaisamulticulturalcountry
參考答案:C
答案可以從第二段中找到。前三句話是這么說的:加拿大官員說移民申請繼續(xù)高
漲。一些官員想把門開著。他們需要?jiǎng)趧?dòng)力。
第33題:
WhathastheSpanishGovernmentdecidedtodo?
A.Helpimmigrantsfindproperjobs.
B.Letimmigrantsfreelyenterthecountry.
C.IntegrateimmigrantsintotheSpanishculture.
D.Taketoughmeasuresagainstillegalimmigration.
參考答案:D
答案可以從第三段中找到。第一句話是這么說的:隨著大批的無證非洲移民來到
加里那群島并且沒有減弱的跡象,西班牙政府決定采取嚴(yán)厲的措施。
第34題:
AfterFrance'snewimmigrationandintegrationlawtakeseffect,itwill
A.lureoverseasstudentsbackhome
B.underminetheunityofthecountry
C.draindevelopingcountriesoftalent
D.induceresentmentamongtheFrenchworkers
參考答案:C
答案可以從最后一段的最后一句中找到。這句話是這么說的:但是有些人擔(dān)心,
這個(gè)法案會(huì)導(dǎo)致發(fā)展中國家的人才流失。
第35題:
Thephrasalverb〃roundingup〃inparagraph1couldbebestreplacedby
A.capturing
B.encircling
C.separating
13
D.frightening
參考答案:A
根據(jù)and并列結(jié)構(gòu)中并列部分語義走向必須保持一致的原則。roundup應(yīng)與
sendingthemback(遣返)保持語義走向相同,因此capturing(捕捉)是對的。
AmericansGetTouchy
TheNewYorkTimesrecentlyreportedthatAmericanteensare
huggingpracticallyeveryonetheysee.Saygoodbyetothegreetingsof
thepast,fromthehands-off“What'sup!〃tothehandshakeorhigh-five.
Foryoungpeopleacrossthecountry,buggingisthenew"Hello”.
Girlsarehugginggirls.Boysarehuggingboys.Girlsandboys
arehuggingeachother.And,likeeverymajortrend,therearelotsof
variationsontheform.There'retheclassic,full-body,
arms-around-the-personbearhug,thecasualone-armedsidehug,thegroup
hugandthehugfrombehind.There'rethehandshakethatturnsintoahug
andthehugthatturnsintoapatontheback.
Astrendsgo,thisoneseemsprettyinnocent.Butsomeparents,
teachersandschooladministratorsareworriednonetheless.Willyoung
peoplewhoaren,tascomfortablewithphysicalcontactfeelpeerpressured
intohugging?Willkidswhodon'treceivehugsfeelleftout?Coulddon
'tanextra-longhugslideintothemoreominousterritoryofsexual
harassment?
Inresponsetosomeoftheseconcerns,someschoolshavesetup
newrulestolimitoreliminatehugging.Oneschoolheadhascreateda
three-secondlimitationforhugsatherschool.Afewschoolshavetaken
evenmoredrasticmeasures,placingabanonallformsoftouchingbetween
students.
Afewimportantpointsarebeingleftoutofthediscussion.While
theU.S.hastraditionallybeenreservedabouttouching-savinghugsand
kissesforrelatives,romanticpartnersandveryclosefriends一一people
inmanyotherpartsoftheworldhavebeengreetingeachotherthisway
forages.
InLatinAmericaorWesternEurope,incountrieslikeSpain,
France,andItaly,akissonthecheekiscommonamongwomen,aswellas
amongwomenandmenwhoarenotromanticallyinvolved.Thecheek-kiss
variesbyregion.Sometimesitisjustanairkissblownpasttheface.
Inotherplaces,theproperwayofgreetingistodeliverakissuponboth
cheeks,orsometimesevenatripletofkissesperformedbykissingone
cheek,thentheother,thenbacktothefirst.
LatinAmericanmenaremorelikelytoshakehandswhengreeting
othermen,butinsomecountrieslikeTurkey,itsnotunusualformenwho
knoweachotherwelltoexchangekissesonthecheek.Meanwhile,forthe
14
MaoripeopleofNewZealand,atraditionalgreetingcalledthe〃hongi〃
involvespressingnosestogether.
So,fromaglobalperspective,thenewtrendofteenhuggingin
Americaisnotso〃new〃afterall.Peopleallaroundtheworldmovein
closetosayhello,andAmericansarejustnowjoiningin.
第36題:
Theword"practically"inthefirstparagraphcouldbebestreplacedby
A.certainly
B.nearly
C.actively
D.voluntarily
參考答案:B
詞匯題。使用代入法,B(幾乎)是最為通順的,意即“擁抱幾乎所有的人”。
第37題:
WhichofthefollowingisNOTamongthetypicalwaysofgreetingsinthe
past?
A.handsoff"What'sup〃
B.handshake
C.high-five
D.embrace
參考答案:D
用限定詞inthepast回到原文定位,答案出現(xiàn)首段。末句講到hugging(擁抱)
是新型的打招呼方式,因此選擇D——擁抱不是過去打招呼的典型方式,該選項(xiàng)
中用embrace代替了huggingo
第38題:
Someparents,teachersandschooladministratorsconcernthenewtrend
ofhuggingforthefollowingreasonsEXCEPTthat.
A.someyoungpeoplegetinvolvedintothetrendduetopeerpressure
B.thosewhodon'treceivehugsfeelleftout
C.theresthedangerthathuggingslideintothemoreominousterritory
ofsexualharassment
D.diseasescouldbetransmittedmoreeasilythroughtheextra-long
bodycontact
參考答案:A
由關(guān)鍵詞Someparents,teachersandschooladministrators定位到第三段
15
第二句,因此答案應(yīng)該在此前后。此段并列的兩個(gè)問句講到了A、B、C三個(gè)原因,
未提及D(超長時(shí)間擁抱容易傳染疾?。?/p>
第39題:
Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?
A.TeenagersacrosstheU.S.hugeveryonetheyseeinnearlythesame
way.
B.Althoughsomeadultsworryaboutthetrend,fewmeasureshavebeen
takentobanonit.
C.Traditionally,theU.S.peoplehavebeenreservedabouthugging
betweenanybody.
D.Insomecountries,itsusualformentokisseachotheronthecheek.
參考答案:D
此題只能結(jié)合出題順序和選項(xiàng)來定位。倒數(shù)第二段的首句提供的信息與D選項(xiàng)內(nèi)
容相符,只是原文使用了雙重否定結(jié)構(gòu)(itisnotunusual)來表示肯定。其他
幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)都與原文不符。
第40題:
Wecaninferthattheauthor'sattitudetowardthenewtrendofhugging
is.
A.positive
B.negative
C.indifferent
D.conservative
參考答案:A
推理題,故尋找作者對hugging(擁抱)的態(tài)度詞是關(guān)鍵。在末段可看到這樣一句
話:(通過擁抱)全世界的人越來越緊密。由此可知,作者持有的態(tài)度應(yīng)是積極的。
故選Ao
Emotions
Emotionisafeelingaboutorreactiontocertainimportantevents
orthoughts.Peopleenjoyfeelingsuchpleasantemotionsaslove,
happiness,andcontentment.Theyoftentrytoavoidfeelingunpleasant
emotions,suchasloneliness,worry,andgrief.
Individualscommunicatemostoftheiremotionsbymeansofwords,
avarietyofsounds,facialexpressions,andgestures.Forexample,anger
causesmanypeopletofrown,makeafist,andyell.Peoplelearnwaysof
showingsomeoftheiremotionsfrommembersoftheirsociety,though
heredity(遺傳)maydeterminesomeemotionalbehavior.Researchhasshown
thatdifferentisolatedpeoplesshowemotionsbymeansofsimilarfacial
16
expressions.
CharlesDarwin,famousforthetheoryofnaturalselection,also
studiedemotion.Darwinsaidin1872thatemotionalbehaviororiginally
servedbothasanaidtosurvivalandasamethodofcommunicating
intentions.AccordingtotheJames-Langetheoryofemotionsdevelopedin
the1880s,peoplefeelemotionsonlyifawareoftheirowninternal
physicalreactionstoevents,suchasincreasedheartrateorblood
pressure.Butthistheorywasnotupheldbyresearchoncatsthathadtheir
nervoussystemsdamaged.Thecatscouldnotfeeltheirbody'sinternal
changes,buttheyshowednormalemotionalbehavior.JohnB.Watson,an
Americanpsychologistwhohelpedfoundtheschoolofpsychologycalled
behaviorism,observedthatbabiesstimulatedbycertaineventsshowed
threebasicemotions-fear,anger,andlove.Watson'sviewhasbeen
challengedfrequentlysinceheproposeditin1919.
Themostwidelyacceptedviewisthatemotionsoccurasacomplex
sequenceofevents.Thesequencebeginswhenapersonencountersan
importanteventorthought.Theperson'sinterpretationoftheencounter
determinesthefeelingthatislikelytofollow.Forexample,someonewho
encountersabearinthewoodswouldprobablyinterprettheeventas
dangerous.Thesenseofdangerwouldcausetheindividualtofeelfear.
Eachfeelingisfollowedbyphysicalchangesanddesirestotakeaction,
whichareresponsestotheeventthatstartedthesequence.Thus,aperson
whometabearwouldprobablyrunaway.
SeveralAmericanpsychologistsindependentlydevelopedthe
theorythatthereareeightbasicemotions.Theseemotions-whichcan
existatvariouslevelsofintensity--areanger,fear,joy,sadness,
acceptance,disgusts,surprise,andinterestorcuriosity.Theycombine
toformallotheremotions,justascertainbasiccol
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