職稱英語綜合類b級模擬54

職稱英語綜合類B級模擬54

第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)

請為每處畫線部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。

工、AntsalwaysfoodawayinAutumn.

A.storeB.stealC.eatD.carry

2、Irecommendyoubuyacomputer.

A.forceB.adviseC.askD.

require

3、Youshouldsoonregainyourappetite.

A.keepB.loseC.recoverD.get

4、Helenwillleaveimmediately.

A.farawayB.rightawayC.righthereD?soon

5、Weresolvedtheproblemaftergroupdiscussion.

A.causedB.metC.solvedD.posed

6、CementwasseldomusedinbuildingsoftheMiddleAges.

A.slightB.rarelyC.originallyD.

occasionally

7、Thereisanabundantsupplyofcheaplaborinthiscountry.

A.steadyB.plentifulC.extraD.stable

8、Themostcrucialproblemanyeconomicsystemfacesishowtouseitsscarce

resources.

A.puzzlingB.difficultC.terrifyingD.

urgent

9、Hemadeanimmenseamountofmoneyinbusiness.

A.largeB.smallC.limitedD.little

10>Thesubstancecanbeaddedtogasolinetoacceleratethespeedofautomobiles.

A.quickenB.shortenC.loosenD.enlarge

11>Themanagerallocatesdutiestotheclerks.

A.assignsB.persuadesC.asksD.orders

12、Theoncebarrenhillsidesarenowgoodfarmland.

A.hairlessB.bareC.emptyD.bald

13、Itispostulatedthatacureforthediseasewillhavebeenfoundbythe

year2020.

A.challengedB.assumedC.deductedD.decreed

[4、Wemustabidebytherules.

A.sticktoB.persistinC.safeguardD.apply

15>Frommystandpoint,youknow,thisthingisjustfunny.

A.positionB.pointofviewC.knowledgeD.opinion

第2部分：閱讀判斷

根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對每個(gè)句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請選擇A；如果該

句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒有提及，請選擇C。

ComputerMouse

Thebasiccomputermouseisanamazinglycleverinventionwitharelatively

simpledesignthatallowsustopointatthingsonthecomputeranditis

veryproductive.Thinkofallthethingsyoucandowithamouselikeselecting

textforcopyingandpasting,drawing,andevenscrollingonthepagewith

thenewermicewiththewheel.Mostofususethecomputermousedailywithout

stoppingtothinkhowitworksuntilitgetsdirtyandwehavetolearnhow

tocleanit.Welearntopointatthingsbeforewelearntospeak,sothe

mouseisaverynaturalpointingdevice.Othercomputerpointingdevicesinclude

lightpens,graphicstabletsandtouchscreenszbutthemouseisstillour

workhorse.

Thecomputermousewasinventedin1964byDouglasEnglehartofStanford

University.Ascomputerscreensbecamemorepopularandarrowkeyswereused

tomovearoundabodyoftext,itbecameclearthatapointingdevicethat

allowedeasiermotionthroughthetextandevenselectionoftextwouldbe

veryuseful.Theintroductionofthemouse,withtheAppleLisacomputerin

1983,reallystartedthecomputerpublicontheroadtorelyingonthemouse

forroutinecomputertasks.

Howdoesthemousework?Wehavetostartatthebottom,sothinkupside

downfornow.Itallstartswiththemouseball.Asthemouseballinthe

bottomofthemouserollsoverthemousepad,itpressesagainstandturns

twoshafts.Theshaftsareconnectedtowheelswithseveralsmallholesin

them.Thewheelshaveapairofsmallelectroniclight-emittingdevicescalled

light-emittingdiodes(LED.mountedoneitherside.OneLEDsendsalight

beamtotheLEDontheotherside.Asthewheelsspinandaholerotatesby,

thelightbeamgetsthroughtotheLEDontheotherside.Butamomentlater

thelightbeamisblockeduntilthenextholeisinplace.TheLEDdetects

achangingpatternoflight,convertsthepatternintoanelectronicsignalz

andsendsthesignaltothecomputerthroughwiresinacablethatgoesout

ofthemousebody.Thiscableisthetailthathelpsgivethemouseitsname.

Thecomputerinterpretsthesignaltotellitwheretopositionthecursor

onthecomputerscreen.

Sofarwehaveonlydiscussedthebasiccomputermousethatmostofyou

probablyhaveorhaveused.Oneproblemwiththisdesignisthatthemouse

getsdirtyastheballrollsoverthesurfaceandpicksupdirt.Eventually

youhavetocleanyourmouse.Theneweropticalmiceavoidthisproblemby

havingnomovingparts.

16>Mostcomputeruserswanttoknowhowthecomputermouseworks.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>Accordingtotheauthor,generalcomputerusersneednottoknowhowthe

computermousewasinvented.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18>Thecomputermousederivesitsnamefromthecablethatgoesoutitsbody,

whichlookslikethetailofamouse.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19、ThekeycomponentsofacomputermousearethetwoLEDs.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、Whenanordinarycomputermousegetsdirty,ithastobereplacedwith

anewone.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21、ThemostdurablecomputermiceonsalearetheIBMones.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、Theopticalmouseissuperiortothebasiconeinthattheformerhas

nomovingparts.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

從所給的6個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

AdultEducation

1.Voluntarylearninginorganizedcoursesbymaturemenandwomeniscalled

adulteducation.Sucheducationisofferedtomakepeopleabletoenlarge

andinterprettheirexperienceasadults.Adultsmaywanttostudysomething

whichtheymissedinearlierschooling,getnewskillsorjobtraining,find

outaboutnewtechnologicaldevelopments,seekbetterseif-understanding,

ordevelopnewtalentsandskills.

2.Thiskindofeducationmaybeintheformofself-studywithproper

guidancethroughtheuseoflibraries,correspondencecourses,orbroadcasting.

Itmayalsobeacquiredcollectivelyinschoolsandcolleges,studygroups,

workshopszclubsandprofessionalassociations.

3.Modernadulteducationforlargenumbersofpeoplestartedinthe18th

and19thcenturieswiththeriseoftheIndustrialRevolution.Greateconomic

andsocialchangesweretakingplace；peopleweremovingfromruralareas

tocities；newtypesofworkwerebeingcreatedinanexpandingfactorysystem.

Theseandotherfactorsproducedaneedforfurthereducationandre-education

ofadults.

4.TheearliestprogramsoforganizedadulteducationaroseinGreatBritain

inthe1790s,withthefoundingofanadultschoolinNottinghamandamechanics

institutioninGlasgow.BenjaminFranklinandsomefriendsfoundtheearliest

adulteducationinstitutionintheU.S.inPhiladelphiain1727.

5.Peoplerecognizethatcontinuedlearningisnecessaryformostforms

ofemploymenttoday.Forexample,partsoftheadultpopulationinmanycountries

finditnecessarytotakepartinretrainingprogramsatworkoreventolearn

completelynewjobs.Adulteducationprogramsarespringingupconstantly

tomeettheseandotherneeds.

23、A.NecessityforDevelopingAdultEducation

B.EarlyDaysofAdultEducation

C.WaysofReceivingAdultEducation

D.GrowthofAdultEducation

E.InstitutionsofAdultEducation

F.DefinitionofAdultEducation

Paragraph2

24、Paragraph3

25、Paragraph4

26>Paragraph5

27、A.socialandeconomicchanges

B.guidedself-studyandcorrespondencecourses

C.bystudyingtogetherwithchildren

D.whattheydidnotmanagetolearnearlier

E.datesbacktotheeighteenthcentury

F.massproduction

Someadultswanttolearn

28、Therearevariousformsofadulteducation,including

29、Adulteducationhasbeenmadenecessaryby

30、Theearliestorganizedadulteducationoriginatedin

第4部分：閱讀理解

請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，為每題確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

■XI，—Zjttj

SeeingtheWorldCenturiesAgo

IfyouenjoylookingthroughtravelbooksbysuchfamiliarauthorsasArthur

FormerorEugeneFodor,itwillnotsurpriseyoutoleanthattravelwriting

hasalongandvenerablehistory.Almostfromtheearliestannalsofrecorded

timeindividualshavefoundreadyaudiencesfortheiraccountsofjourneys

tostrangeandexoticlocales.

Oneoftheearliesttravelwriters,aGreekgeographerandhistoriannamed

Strabo,livedaroundthetimeofChrist.ThoughStraboisknowntohavetraveled

fromeastoftheBlackSeawesttoItalyandasfarsouthasEthiopia,he

alsouseddetailsgleanedfromotherwriterstoextendandenlivenhisaccounts.

HismultivolumedworkGeographyprovidestheonlysurvivingaccountofthe

cities,peoples,customszandgeographicalpeculiaritiesofthewholeknown

worldofhistime.

TwootherclassictravelwritersztheItalianMarcoPoloandtheMoroccan

IbnBattutah,livedinroughlythesametimeperiod.MarcoPolotraveledto

ChinawithhisfatheranduncleinaboutA.D.1275andremainedthere16

or17years,visitingseveralothercountriesduringhistravels.WhenMarco

returnedtoItalyhedictatedhismemoirs,includingstorieshehadheard

fromothers,toascribe,withtheresultingbookThemillionbeinganinstant

success.Thoughdifficulttoattesttotheaccuracyofallhesays,Marco1s

bookimpelledEuropeanstobegintheirgreatvoyagesofexploration.

IbnBattutah1sinterestintravelbeganonhisrequiredMuslimjourney

toMeccain1325,andduringhislifetimehejourneyedthroughallthecountries

whereIslamheldsway.HistravelbooktheRihlahisapersonalizedaccount

ofdesertjourneys,courtintrigueszandeventheeffectoftheBlackDeath

inthevariouslandshevisited.Inalmost30yearsoftravelingitisestimated

thatIbnBattutahcoveredmorethan75,000miles.

31>Thispassageismostlyabout.

A.whypeoplefindtravelwritingexciting

B.theliterarystyleofthreeearlytravelwriters

C.wherethreeearlytravelwriterswentandwroteabout

D.howtowriteatravelbook

32、IbnBattutahtraveled.

A.toChinaB.toEthiopia

C.throughouttheMuslimworldD.for16or17years

33、Thebooksbythethreewriterswerepopularbecause.

A.theylistedgoodplacestostay

B.theytoldofstrangeandexoticlocales

C.theyexplainedthebestroutestogettoplaces

D.alloftheirstorieswerefirsthandaccounts

34、Theoverallorganizationofthispassageisthrough

A.chronologicalorder

B.spatialdescription

C.travelwriters*personalnarratives

D.persuasivedetails

35、Inthispassage"attestHmeansto.

A.giveanexaminationtoB.drawamapof

C.tellliestoD.giveproofof

弟一^扁

TheCherokeeNation

LongbeforethewhitemancametoAmerica,thelandbelongedtotheAmerican

Indiannations.ThenationoftheCherokeeslivedinwhatisnowthesoutheastern

partoftheUnitedStates.

AfterthewhitemancameztheCherokeescopiedmanyoftheirways.One

CherokeenamedSequoyahsawhowimportantreadingandwritingwastothewhite

man.HedecidedtoinventawaytowritedownthespokenCherokeelanguage.

Hebeganbymakingwordpictures.Foreachwordhedrewapicture.Butthat

provedimpossible—therewerejusttoomanywords.Thenhetookthe85sounds

thatmadeupthelanguage.UsinghisownimaginationandanEnglishspelling

book,Sequoyahinventedasignforeachsound.Hisalphabetprovedamazingly

easytolearn.Beforelong,manyCherokeesknewhowtoreadandwriteintheir

ownlanguage.By1828ztheywereevenprintingtheirownnewspaper.

In1830,theUSCongresspassedalaw.Itallowedthegovernmenttoremove

Indiansfromtheirlands.TheCherokeesrefusedtogo.Theyhadlivedontheir

landsforcenturies.Itbelongedtothem.Whyshouldtheygotoastrange

landfarbeyondtheMississippiRiver?

ThearmywassenttodrivetheCherokeesout.Soldierssurroundedtheir

villagesandmarchedthematgunpointintothewesternterritory.Thesick,

theoldandthesmallchildrenwentincartszalongwiththeirbelongings.

Therestofthepeoplemarchedonfootorrodeonhorseback.ItwasNovember,

yetmanyofthemstillworetheirsummerclothes.Coldandhungry,theCherokees

werequicklyexhaustedbythehardshipsofthejourney.Manydroppeddead

andwereburiedbytheroadside.Whenthelastgrouparrivedintheirnew

homeinMarch1839,morethan4,000haddied.Itwasindeedamarchofdeath.

36、TheCherokeeNationusedtolive.

A.ontheAmericancontinent

B.inthesoutheasternpartoftheUS

C.beyondtheMississippiRiver

D.inthewesternterritory

37>OneofthewaysthatSequoyahcopiedfromthewhitemanisthewayof

A.writingdownthespokenlanguage

B.makingwordpictures

C.teachinghispeoplereading

D.printingtheirownnewspaper

38>Alawwaspassedin1830to.

A.allowtheCherokeestostaywheretheywere

B.sendthearmytohelptheCherokees

C.forcetheCherokeestomovewestward

D.forbidtheCherokeestoreadtheirnewspapers

39、WhentheCherokeesbegantoleavetheirlands.

A.theywentincartsB.theywentonhorseback

C.theymarchedonfootD.alloftheabove

40、ManyCherokeesdiedontheirwaytotheirnewhomemainlybecause.

A.theywerenotwillingtogothere

B.thegovernmentdidnotprovidetransportation

C.theydidnothaveenoughfoodandclothes

D.thejourneywaslongandboring

第—二答

EatMore,WeighLesszLiveLonger

Clevergeneticdetectiveworkmayhavefoundoutthereasonwhya

near-starvationdietprolongsthelifeofmanyanimals.

RonaldKahnatHarvardMedicalSchoolinBoston,US,andhiscolleagues

havebeenabletoextendthelifespan（壽命）ofmiceby18percentbyblocking

therodent*s（嚙齒動(dòng)物）increaseoffatinspecificcells.Thissuggeststhat

thinness—andnotnecessarilydiet—promoteslonglifein"calorie（熱量單

位，卡）restricted"animals.

Hn

It*sverycoolworkzsaysagingresearcherCynthiaKenyonoftheUniversity

ofCalifornia,SanFrancisco."Thesemiceeatalltheywant,loseweightand

livelonger.It*slikeheaven.H

Calorierestrictiondramaticallyextendsthelifespanoforganismsas

differentaswormsandrodents.Whetherthisworksinhumansisstillunknownz

partlybecausefewpeoplearewillingtosubmittosuchastrictdiet.

Butmanyresearchershopetheywillbeabletotriggerthesameeffect

withadrugoncetheyunderstandhowlessfoodleadstoalongerlife.One

theoryisthateatinglessreducestheincreaseofharmfulthingsthatcan

damagecells.ButKahn1steamwonderedwhethertheanimalssimplybenefit

bybecomingthin.

Tofindout,theyusedbiologytrickstodisrupttheinsulin（胰島素）receptor

（受體）geneinlabmice—butonlyintheirfatcells."Sinceinsulinisneeded

tohelpfatceilsstorefatztheseanimalswereprotectedagainstbecoming

H

fatzexplainsKahn.

Thisslightgeneticchangeinasingletissuehaddramaticeffects.By

threemonthsofage,Kahn1smodifiedmicehadupto70percentlessbodyfat

thannormalcontrolmice,despitethefactthattheyate55percentmorefood

pergramofbodyweight.

Inaddition,theirlifespanincreased.Theaveragecontrolmouselived

753dayszwhilethethinrodentsaveragedalifespanof887days.Afterthree

years,allthecontrolmicehaddied,butone-quarterofthemodifiedrodents

werestillalive.

"Thattheygettheseeffectsbyjustmanipulatingthefatcellsis

controversial,nsaysLeonardGuarenteoftheMassachusettsInstituteof

Technology,whostudiescalorierestrictionandaging.

ButGuarentesaysKahnhasyettoprovethatthesameeffectisresponsible

forincreasedlifespanincalorie-restrictedanimals.nItmightbethesame

11

effectortheremightbetworoutestolonglife,"hepointsoutzandthat

wouldbeveryinteresting."

41、RonaldKahnandhiscolleaguescanmakemicelivelongerby.

A.offeringthemlessfood

B.givingthemabalanceddiet

C.disruptingthespecificgenesintheirfatcells

D.preventingthemgrowinglarger

42、Accordingtothepassage,wedonotknowwhetherhumanswillbenefitfrom

takinginfewercaloriespartlybecause.

A.humanszwormsandrodentsaredifferent

B.mostpeoplearenotwillingtobeputonastrictdiet

C.theeffectisnotknown

D.geneticchangesintissuescannotbeperformedonhumans

43、Whatdoesthelastsentenceinthethirdparagraphimply?

A.Peopleliketoloseweight,buttheydonotliketoeatless.

B.Peoplewanttogotoheaven,buttheydonotwanttodie.

C.Micewillgotoheaveniftheyloseweight.

D.Miceenjoylosingweight.

44、Theaveragemodifiedmouselived.

A.3yearsB.753days

C.morethan3yearsD.887days

45、Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassageabouttheroutetolonglife?

A.Itremainstobestudied.B.Ithasalreadybeendiscovered.

C.Eatingmoreleadstolonglife.D.Eatinglessleadstolong

life.

第5部分：補(bǔ)全短文

短文后有6個(gè)句子，其中5個(gè)取自短文，請根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢

復(fù)文章原貌。

LudwigVanBeethoven

LudwigvanBeethoven,amajorcomposerofthenineteenthcentury,overcame

manypersonalproblemstoachieveartisticgreatness.

BorninBonn,Germany,in1770,hefirststudiedmusicwiththecourtorganist,

GillesvanderEeden.Hisfatherwasexcessivelystrictandgiventoheavy-

drinking.46AppointeddeputycourtorganisttoChristianGottlobNeefe

atasurprisinglyearlyagein1782,Beethovenalsoplayedtheharpsichord

andtheviola.In1792hewassenttoViennabyhispatron,CountFerdinand

Waldstein,tostudymusicunderHaydn.

Beethovenremainedunmarried.47Continuallyplaguedbyillhealth,he

developedanearinfectionwhichledtohistragicdeafnessin1819.

48Hecompletedmaturemasterpiecesofgreatmusicaldepth：threepiano

sonatas,fourstringquartets,theMissaSolemnis,andthe9thSymphony.He

diedin1827.49

NotingthatBeethovenoftenflewintofitsofrage,Goetheoncesaidof

him,*'Iamastonishedbyhistalent,butheisunfortunatelyanaltogether

untamedpersonality."50

A.Inspiteofthishandicap,however,hecontinuedtowritemusic.

B.Becauseofirregularpaymentsfromhispublishersanderraticsupport

fromhispatronszhewastroubledbyfinancialworriesthroughouthisadult

life.

C.Hislifewasmarkedbyapassionatededicationtoindependence.

D.Whenhismotherdied,Beethoven,thenayoungman,wasnamedguardian

ofhistwoyoungerbrothers.

E.AlthoughBeethoven*spersonalitymayhavebeenuntamed,hismusicshows

greatdisciplineandcontrolzandthisishowwerememberhimbest.

F.Todayhismusicisstillbeingplayedallovertheworld.

第6部分：完形填空

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。

Animals*"SixthSense"

AtsunamiwastriggeredbyanearthquakeintheIndianOceaninDecember,

2004.ItkilledtensofthousandsofpeopleinAsiaandEastAfrica.Wild

animals,51seemtohaveescapedthatterribletsunami.Thisphenomenon

addsweighttonotionsthattheypossessa"sixthsense11for52,experts

said.

SriLankanwildlifeofficialshavesaidthegiantwavesthatkilledover

24z000peoplealongtheIndianOceanisland'scoastclearly53wildbea