職稱英語綜合類b級模擬43

職稱英語綜合類B級模擬43

第1部分：詞匯選項

1、TheeconomycontinuedtoexhibitsignsofdeclineinSeptember.

A.playB.show

C.sendD.tell

2、Awillisadocumentwrittentoensurethatthewishesofthedeceased

（已故的）arerealized.

A.fulfilledB.acceptedC.adoptedD.received

3、ManytouristsareattractedtotheNewEnglandstatesbytheautumnfoliage,

A.weatherB.leavesC.festivalsD.harvest

4、Itwasafascinatingpainting,withcleveruseofcolorandlight.

A.newB.familiarC.largeD.wonderful

5、Theboyswerecharmedbythesailor*stalesofadventure.

A.bewilderedB.attracted

C.distractedD.diverted

6、Theyareendeavoringtoreformthepresentrules.

A.tryingB.workingC.doingD.

making

7、Wehadalongconversationaboutherparents.

A.talkB.speech

C.debateD.discussion

8、Thereshouldbelawsthatprohibitsmokingaroundchildren.

A.forbidB.advocate

C.inheritD.withdraw

9、Thenewlyboughtcarbringsnothingbuttrouble.

A.nearlyB.quicklyC.generallyD.

only

10、EleanorRoosevelt*sdedicationtohumanitariancauseswonheraffection

andhonorathomeandabroad.

A.ontheairB.henceforthC.nearbyD.inforeign

countries

11>Heachievedsuccessthroughhardwork.

A.reachedB.attainedC.reapedD.took

12>Inthelattercasetheoutcomecanbeseriousindeed.

A.resultB.judgmentC.decisionD.event

13、Chargesforlocaltelephonecallsareoutrageous.

A.unheardofB.unacceptableC.unbelievableD.

ridiculous

14、Wemustabidebytherules.

A.sticktoB.persistinC.safeguardD.

apply

15>SincetheGreatDepression,theUnitedStatesgovernmenthasprotected

farmersfromdamagingdropsingrainprices.

A.slightB.surprising

C.suddenD.harmful

第2部分：閱讀判斷

InSports,RedistheWinningColor

Whenopponentsofagameareequallymatched,theteamdressedinredis

morelikelytowin,accordingtoanewstudy.

BritishanthropologistsRussellHillandRobertBartonoftheUniversity

ofDurhamreachedthatconclusionbystudyingtheoutcomesofone-on-one

boxing,taekwondozGreco-Roman-wresting,andfreestyle-wrestlingmatches

atthe2004SummerOlympicsinAthenszGreece.

IneacheventOlympicstaffrandomlyassignedredorblueclothingorbody

protectiontocompetitors.Whenotherwiseequallymatchedwiththeiropponent

infitnessandskill,athleteswearingredweremorelikelytowinthebout.

"Wheretherewasalargepointdifference-presumablybecauseonecontestant

wasfarsuperiortotheother—colorhadnoeffectontheoutcome,'*Barton

said."Wheretherewasasmallpointdifference,theeffectofcolorwas

sufficienttotipthebalance.n

Inequallymatchedbouts,thepreponderanceofredwinswasgreatenough

thatitcouldnotbeattributedtochanceztheanthropologistssay.Hilland

BartonfoundsimilarresultsinareviewofthecolorswornattheEuro2004

internationalsoccertournament.Theirreportwillbepublishedintomorrow1s

issueofthejournalNature.

JoannaSetchellzaprimateresearcherattheUniversityofCambridgein

England,hasfoundsimilarresultsinnature.HerworkwiththelargeAfrican

monkeysknownasmandrillsshowsthatredcolorationgivesmalesanadvantage

whenitcomestomating.

Thefindingthatredalsohasanadvantageinhumansportingeventsdoes

notsurpriseher,addingthat"theideaofthestudyisveryclever."

HillandBartongottheideafortheirstudyoutofamutualinterestin

theevolutionofsexualsignalsinprimates—"redseemstobethecolor,across

n

specieszthatsignalsmaledominanceandtestosteronelevelszBartonsaid.

Forexample,studiesbySetchellztheCambridgeprimateresearcher,show

thatdominantmalemandrillshaveincreasedredcolorationintheirfaces

andrumps.Anotherstudybyotherscientistsshowsthatredplasticrings

experimentallyplacedonthelegsofmalezebrafinchesincreasethebirds,

dominance.

BartonsaidheandHillspeculatedsomespeculatedthat"theremightbe

asimilareffectinhumans.Andifso,itcouldbeapparentinsportingcontests."

Thepairsaytheirresultsindicatethatsexualselectionmayhaveinfluenced

theevolutionofhumans*responsetocolor.

Setchell,theprimatologist,agrees."AsHillandBartonsay,humansredden

whenweareangryandpalewhenwe*rescared.Theseareveryimportantsignals

tootherindividuals,nshesaid.

Theadvantageofredmaybeintuitivelyknown,judgingfromtheprevalence

ofreduniformsinsports—"thoughitisclearlynotverywidelyappreciated,

n

onaconsciouslevelatleastzBartonsaid.

Headdsthatthefindingofred*sadvantagemighthaveimplicationsfor

regulationsthatgovernsportingattire.IntheOlympicmatcheshesurveyed

forthenewstudy,forexample,itispossiblesomemedalwinnersmayhave

reachedthepedestalwithanunintendedadvantage.

"Thatistheimplication,thoughwecannotsaythatitmadethedifference

inanyonespecificcase,HBartonsaid.

MeanwhilezSetchellnoted—tongue-in-cheek—thataredadvantagemaynot

belimitedtosports."Goingbytherecent[U.S.]electionresults,redis

n

indeedquitesuccessfulzshesaid.

16、BothHillandBartonwantedtofindoutifcoloraffectstheoutcomeof

sportsmatched.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

17>HillandBartonarebothinterestedinprimates.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

18>Malemandrillsuseyellowcolorationtoattractamate.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

19>Redisnotanadvantageforzebrafinches.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

20、Theredplasticringswereleftonthefinchespermanently.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

21>HillandBartonbelieveathletesinredaremorelikelytowin

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

22、Manyathletesopposethenewregulationsonsportsuniforms.

A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned

第3部分：概括大意與完成句子

1FromBuckinghamPalacetoOxford,theUKisloadedwithwonderfulicons

（標(biāo)志）ofpasteras.Butithasalsomodernizedwithconfidence.It'snowbetter

knownforvibrant（充滿活力的）citieswithgreatnightlifeandattraction.

Fashions,finedining,clubbing,shopping-theUKisamongtheworld1sbest.

2MostpeoplehavestrongpreconceptionsabouttheBritish.Butifyou*re

oneofthesepeople,you*dbewisetoabandonthoseideas.Visitanightclub

inoneofthebigcities,afootballmatch,oragoodlocalpubandyoumight

morereadilydescribetheEnglishpeopleashumorousandhospitable.It*s

certainlytruethatnoothercountryintheworldhasmorebird-watchers,

sportssupporterszpetownersandgardenersthantheUK.

3GettingaroundEnglandisprettyeasy.Budget（廉價的）airlineslikeEasy

jetandRynnairflydomestically.Trainscandeliveryouveryefficiently

fromonemajorcitytoanother.Longdistanceexpressbusesarecalledcoaches.

Wherecoachesandbusesrunonthesameroute,coachesaremoreexpensive

（thoughquicker）thanbuses.London*sfamousblackcabsareexcellentbut

expensive.Minicabsarecheapercompetitors,withfreelance（個體的）drivers.

Butusuallyyouneedtogiveacallfirst.London*sundergroundiscalled

theTube.It1sveryconvenientandcangetyoutoalmostanypartofthecity.

4TheUKisnotfamousforitsfood.Butyoustillneedtoknowsomeof

thetraditionalEnglishfoods.Themostfamousmustbefishandchips.The

fishandchipsaredeepfriedinflour,Englishbreakfastissomethingyou

needtotry.Itisfriedbacon,sausageszfriedeggs,blackpudding,fried

tomatoes,friedbreadandbakedbeans,withtoastandapotoftea.Other

thingslikeshepherd*spieandYorkshirepuddingarealsowell-knownasa

partofEnglishfoodculture.

5PubbingandclubbingarethemainformsofEnglishnightlife,especially

fortheyoung.Pubbingmeansgoingtoapubwithfriends,havingdrinkszand

chatting.Clubbingisdifferentfrompubbingandincludesgoingtoapub,

oraplaceofmusic,orabar,oranyotherplacestogatherwithfriends.

Clubbingcanbefoundeverywhere.Usuallythereissomekindofdresscode

forclubbing,suchasnojeans,nosportswear,orsmartclubwear,whilepubbing

ismuchmorecasual.

A.Education

B.People

C.1Transport

D.D：rinks

E.Food

F.Nightlife

23、,Paragraph2

24、,Paragraph3

25、,Paragraph4

26、,Paragraph5

Ford

1Ford1sgreatstrengthwasthemanufacturingprocess—notinvention.Long

beforehestartedacarcompany,hewasaworker,knownforpickinguppieces

ofmetalandwireandturningthemintomachines.Hestartedputtingcars

togetherin1891.Althoughitwasbynomeansthefirstpopularautomobile,

theModelTshowedtheworldjusthowcreativeFordwasatcombiningtechnology

andmarket.

2Thecompany1sassemblylinealonethrewAmerica1sIndustrialRevolution

intooverdrive（高速運轉(zhuǎn)）.Insteadofhavingworkersputtogethertheentire

car,Ford'sfriends,whoweregreattoolmakersfromScotland,organizedteams

thataddedpartstoeachModelTasitmoveddownaline.BythetimeFord's

HighlandParkplantwashumming（嗡嗡作響）alongin1914,theworld1sfirst

automaticconveyorbeltcouldturnoutacarevery93minutes.

3ThesameyearHenryFordshockedtheworldwiththe$5-a-dayminimumwage

scheme,thegreatestcontributionhehadevermade.Theaveragewageinthe

autoindustrythenwas$2.34fore9-hourshift.Fordnotonlydoubledthat,

healsotookanhourofftheWorkday.In.thoseyearsitwasunthinkablethat

amancouldbepaidthatmuchfordoingsomethingthatdidn11involveanawful

lotoftrainingoreducation.TheWallStreetJournalcalledtheplannan

economiccrime",andcriticseverywherelaughedatFord.

4Butasthewageincreasedlatertodaily$10,itprovedacriticalcomponent

ofFord'sdreamtomaketheautomobileaccessible（可及的）toall.Thecritics

weretoostupidtounderstandthatbecauseFordhadloweredhiscostsper

car,thehigherwagesdidn*tmatter—exceptformakingitpossibleformore

peopletobuycars.

27、Paragraph1

A,Ford*sopponents

B.Theassemblyline

C.Ford*sgreatdream

D.Theestablishmentofthecompany

E.Ford*sbiggestcontribution

F.Ford1sgreattalent

28、Paragraph2

29、Paragraph3

30、Paragraph4

31>Theassemblylinemadeitpossibleto

A.criticizedbythemedia

B.thelowwageintheautoindustry

C.theirlowerprices

D.producecarsinlargenumbers

E.the8-hourshift

F.combinedtechnologyandmarket

32、Fordwasthefirsttoadopt

33、Ford'scarsbecameavailabletoordinarypeoplethanksto

34、Ford1shigher-wageandlower-coststrategywasstrongly

第4部分：閱讀理解

SeeingtheWorldCenturiesAgo

IfyouenjoylookingthroughtravelbooksbysuchfamiliarauthorsasArthur

FrommerorEugeneFodor,itwillnotsurpriseyoutolearnthattravelwriting

hasalongandvenerablehistory.Almostfromtheearliestannalsofrecorded

timeindividualshavefoundreadyaudiencesfortheiraccountsofjourneys

tostrangeandexoticlocales.

Oneoftheearliesttravelwriters,aGreekgeographerandhistoriannamed

Strabo,livedaroundthetimeofChrist.ThoughStraboisknowntohavetraveled

fromeastoftheBlackSeawesttoItalyandasfarsouthasEthiopia,healso

useddetailsgleanedfromotherwriterstoextendandenlivenhisaccounts.

HismultivolumedworkGeographyprovidestheonlysurvivingaccountofthe

cities,peoples,customs,andgeographicalpeculiaritiesofthewholeknown

worldofhistime.

Twootherclassictravelwriters,theItalianMarcoPoloandtheMoroccan

IbnBattutah,livedinroughlythesametimeperiod.MarcoPolotraveledto

ChinawithhisfatheranduncleinaboutA.D.1275andremainedthere16

or17years,visitingseveralothercountriesduringhistravels.WhenMarco

returnedtoItalyhedictatedhismemoirszincludingstorieshehadheard

fromothers,toascribe,withtheresultingbook[[millionebeinganinstant

success.Thoughdifficulttoattesttotheaccuracyofallhesays,Marco*s

bookimpelledEuropeanstobegintheirgreatvoyagesofexploration.

IbnBattutah'sinterestintravelbeganonhisrequiredMuslimjourney

toMeccain1325,andduringhislifetimehejourneyedthroughallthecountries

whereIslamheldsway.HistravelbooktheRihlahisapersonalizedaccount

ofdesertjourneys,courtintrigues,andeventheeffectoftheBlackDeath

inthevariouslandshevisited.Inalmost30yearsoftravelingitisestimated

thatIbnBattutahcoveredmorethan75,000miles.

35>Thispassageismostlyabout

A.howtowriteatravelbook

B.theliterarystyleofthreeearlytravelwriters

C.whypeoplefindtravelwritingexciting

D.wherethreeearlytravelwriterswentandwroteabout

36>IbnBattutahtraveled

A.toEthiopia

B.throughouttheMuslimworld

C.toChina

D.for16or17years

37、Thebooksofthethreewriterswerepopularbecause

A.theyexplainedthebestroutestogettoplaces

B.theylistedgoodplacestostay

C.alloftheirstorieswerefirsthandaccounts

D.theytoldofstrangeandexoticlocales

38>Theoverallorganizationofthispassageisthrough

A.travelwriters*personalnarratives

B.persuasivedetails

C.spatialdescription

D.chronologicalorder

39、Inthispassageattestmeansto

A.drawamapof

B.giveproofof

C.giveanexaminationto

D.tellliesto

弟一^扁

The

OnlyWayIsUp

Thinkofamodemcityandthefirstimagethatcometomindistheskyline.

Itisfullofgreatbuildingszpointinglikefingerstoheaven.Itistrue

thatsomecitiesdon11permitbuildingstogoaboveacertainheight.But

thesearecitiesconcernedwiththepast.Thefirstthinganycitydoeswhen

itwantstotelltheworldthatithasarrivedistobuildskyscrapers.

Whenpeoplegathertogetherincities,theycreateademandforland.Since

citiesareplaceswheremoneyismade,thatdemandcanbemet.Andthebest

waytomakemoneyoutofcitylandistoputasmanypeopleaspossiblein

aspacethatcoversthesmallestamountofground.Thatmeansbuildingupwards.

Thetechnologyexistedtodothisasearlyasthe19thcentury.Butthe

heightofbuildingswaslimitedbyoneimportantfactor.Theyhadtobesmall

enoughforpeopleonthetopfloorstoclimbstairs.Peoplecouldnotbeexpected

toclimbamountainattheendoftheirjourneytowork,orhome.

ElishaOtis,aUSinventor,wasthemanwhobroughtusthelift-orelevator,

ashepreferredtocallit.However,mostofthetechnologyisveryold.Lifts

workusingthesamepulleysystemtheEgyptiansusedtocreatethePyramids.

WhatOtisdidwasattachthesystemtoasteamengineanddeveloptheelevator

brake,whichstopstheliftfallingifthecordsthatholdituparebroken.

Itwasthisthatdidthemosttogainpublicconfidenceinthenewinvention,

Infact,hespentanumberofyearsexhibitingliftsatfairgroundszgiving

peoplethechancetotrythemoutbeforesellingtheideatoarchitectsand

builders.

Aliftwouldnotbeaverygoodthemeparkattractionnow.Goinginalift

issuchaneverydaythingthatitwouldjustbeboring.Yetpsychologists

andotherswhostudyhumanbehaviorfundliftsfascinating.Thereasonis

simple.Scientistshavealwaysstudiedanimalsinzoos.Thenearesttheycan

gettothatwithhumansisinobservingtheminlifts.

"Itbreaksalltheusualconventionsaboutthebubbleofpersonalspace

wecarryaroundwithus—andyoujustcan11choosetomoveaway,nsaysworkplace

psychologistzGaryFitzgibbon.Beingtrappedinthissettingcancreate

differenttypesoftensions,hesays.Somepeoplearescaredofthem.Others

usethemasanopportunitytogetclosetotheboss.Somestandclosetothe

door.Othershideinthecorners.Mostpeopletryandshrinkintothebackground.

Butsomebehaveinawaythatmakesothersnoticethem.Thereareafewpeople

whojuststandinacornertakingnotes,

Don*tworryaboutthem.Theyareprobablyfromauniversity.

40、"...thesearecitiesconcernedwiththepast'*inthefirstparagraphrefer

tocitiesthat

A.arewordedabouttheirpast.

B.haveagloriouspasttobeproudof.

C.wanttomaintaintheirtraditionalimage.

D.areveryinterestedintheirownhistory.

41、Thedifficultyinconstructingtallbuildingsinthe19thcenturylies

in

A.theshortageofmoney.

B.thelackofadevicetocarrypeopleupward.

C.backwardtechnology.

D.mountainstakinguplandspace.

42、WhenOtiscameupwiththeideaofalift,

A.hesoldittothearchitectsandbuildersimmediately.

B.theEgyptiansusedittobuildthePyramids.

C.itwasacceptedfavorablybythepublic.

D.mostpeoplehaddoubtaboutitssafety.

43、Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheexperienceofgoinginalift

now?

A.Fascinating.

B.Uninteresting.

C.Frightening.

D.Exciting.

44、Psychologistsfindtheliftagoodplacewheretheycanstudyhumanbehaviour

because

A.herehumansbehavethewayanimalsdo.

B.peopleinaliftareallscared.

C.heresomepeopletakenotes.

D.inaliftthebubbleofpersonalspacebreaks.

第二篇

45、ThetwoboysinChicagowere

A.shot.

B.murdered.

C.accused.

D.sentenced.

DifferencesofPolicemen

Realpolicemenhardlyrecognizeanyresemblancebetweentheirlivesand

whattheyseeonTV.

Thefirstdifferenceisthatapoliceman1srealliferevolvesroundcriminal

law.Hehastoknowexactlywhatactionsarecrimesandwhatevidencecan

beusedtoprovethemincourt.Hehastoknownearlyasmuchlawasaprofessional

lawyer,andwhatismore,hehastoapplyitonhisfeet,inthedarkand

rain,runningdownastreetaftersomeonehewantstotalkto.

Littleofhistimeisspentinchatting,hewillspendmostofhisworking

lifetypingmil-lionsofwordsonthousandsofformsabouthundredsofsad,

unimportantpeoplewhoareguiltyofstupid,pettycrimes.

Mosttelevisioncrimedramaisaboutfindingthecriminal：assoonashe*s

arrested,thestoryisover.Inreallife,findingcriminalsisseldommuch

ofaproblem.Exceptinveryseriouscaseslikemurdersandterroristattacks

littleeffortisspentonsearching.

Havingmadeanarrest,adetectivereallystartstowork.Hehastoprove

hiscaseincourtandtodothatheoftenhastogatheralotofdifference

evidence.

Atthirdbigdifferencebetweenthedramadetectiveandtherealoneis

theunpleasantpressures：firstzasmembersofapoliceforcetheyalways

havetobehaveabsolutelyinaccordance