第十二講形容詞和副詞-2020高考英語總復(fù)習(xí)

第十二講形容詞和副詞

一、考點梳理

1.形容詞和副詞的作用與位置

形容詞可用來修飾名詞，常被放在名詞前作定語；或放在系動詞后面作表語。而副詞則

常作狀語，用來修飾形容詞、動詞、其他副詞或者句子，一般位于形容詞之前，動詞之后或

句子之首。以下屬幾種特殊情況，須牢記：

(1)形容詞短語作定語，要后置。

ataskdifficulttofinish

(2)以字母a形頭的某些形容詞(asleep,awake,alive等)作定語，要后置。如amanalive。

有些表身體健康狀況的形容詞如well,faint,ill只作表語。sick既可作表語又可作定語，ill如

作定語意為"bad”。

(3)形容詞用作定語，修飾由不定代詞one,no,any,some和every構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞如

anything,something等時，通常后置。

Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.

(4)else常用作疑問代詞和不定代詞的后置定語。

(5)enough修飾名詞可以前置或后置；修飾形容詞、動詞或副詞時，必須后置。

(6)幾個副詞并列作狀語時，其順序較靈活，但一般是：方式一地點一時間。

WehadagoodtimetogetheroutdoorslastSunday.

(7)頻度副詞如often,always,usually等在be動詞后，行為動詞前。

(8)副詞作定語，要后置。

Thepersonthereiswaitingforyou.

(9)幾個并列的形容詞作定語，其語序通常為：限定詞(包括冠詞、所有格、人稱代詞、

指示代詞、數(shù)詞等)+觀點詞(品質(zhì)、狀態(tài)，即表示好、壞、美、丑等的詞)+形狀或樣式詞+

大小、長短或高低詞+年齡或新舊詞+顏色詞+產(chǎn)地或來源詞+材料或種類詞+用途詞+名

詞。

aheavyblackChinesesteelumbrella

(10)以?ly結(jié)尾的詞性辨析。

①下列單詞以」y結(jié)尾；但卻是形容詞而非副詞：

lively,lonely,lovely,deadly,friendly,ugly,silly,likely,brotherly,timely等。

②表原意(無-ly)和引申意(有-ly)的副詞：

Jdeep深

[deeply深入地

Jwide寬廣

[widely廣泛地

[high高

[highly高度地

low位置低

lowly地位卑微

③有無?ly意義大不相同的副詞：

dead完全，絕對bedeadasleep

<

deadly非常bedeadlytired

jpretty相當(dāng)beprettycertainthat...

[prettily漂亮地beprettilydressed

close近Don'tsitclose.

<

.closely密切地Watchclosely!

[late晚，遲arrivelate,comelate

〔lately最近Ihaven'tseenhimlately(recently).

2.形容詞和副詞的比較等級

(1)原級的構(gòu)成和用法。

構(gòu)成：形容詞、副詞的原級即它們本身。

用法：表示雙方在程度、性質(zhì)、特征等某方面相等時，用“as+原級形容詞/副詞+as”

的結(jié)構(gòu)；表示雙方不相等時，用，0150(38)+原級形容詞/副詞+2$”的結(jié)構(gòu)；表示一方是另

一方的若干倍時，用“倍數(shù)+as+原級形容詞/副詞+as”的結(jié)構(gòu)(意為“越來越……”)。

XiaoWangisastallasXiaoYu.

Thisbuildinglooksnotso(as)highasthatone.

MissXuspeaksEnglishasfluentlyasyou.

Thisroomisthreetimesaslargeasthatone.

(2)比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成。

掌握比較級和最高級的變化規(guī)則，熟記少數(shù)不符合規(guī)則的特殊形容詞和副詞。

(3)比較級的用法。

①表示一方超過另一方時，用“比較級+than”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。

Thispictureismorebeautifulthanthatone.

②表示一方不及另一方時，用“l(fā)ess+原級+than”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。

Thisroomislessbeautifulthanthatone.

③表示一方超過另一方的程度或數(shù)量時，可在比較級前加表示程度的狀語，如even,a

lot,abit,alittle,still,much,far,yet,byfar等修飾。

Heworksevenharderthanbefore.

注意：(A)英語的比較級前如無even,still或yet等時，譯成漢語時可用“較”或“……

一些”或不譯出，一般不可用“更二

Sheisbetterthanshewasyesterday.

Pleasecomeearliertomorrow.

(B)byfar通常用于強調(diào)最高級。用于比較級時，一般放在比較級的后面，如在前面，應(yīng)

在二者中間加“the”。

Heistallerbyfarthanhisbrother.

Heisbyfarthetallerofthetwobrothers.

④表示一方隨另一方的程度而變化時，用“the+比較級(主語+謂語)，the+比較級(主

語+謂語)”的結(jié)構(gòu)(意為"越……越……”)。

Theharderheworks,thehappierhefeels.

⑤不與其他事物相比，表示本身程度的改變時，用“比較級+and+比較級”的結(jié)構(gòu)(意

為“越……越……")。

Theweatherisgettingcolderandcolder.

⑥某些以-ior結(jié)尾的形容詞進行比較時，用to代替than。這些詞有inferior(劣等的，次的),

superior(較好的，優(yōu)于……),junior(資歷較淺的),senior(資格較老的),prior(在……之前)等。

HeissuperiortoMr.Zhanginchemistry.

⑦在比較從句中為了避免重復(fù)，我們通常用that(those),one(ones)代替前面出現(xiàn)的名詞。

that指物，one既可指人又可指物。ihai可代替可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞，而one只能代替

可數(shù)名詞。

Thebookonthetableismoreinterestingthanthat(或theone)onthedesk.

Aboxmadeofsteelisstrongerthanonemadeofwood.

⑧倍數(shù)表達法。

(A)Aisthree(four,etc.)timesthesize(height,length,etc.)ofB.

Thenewbuildingisfivetimesthesize(theheight)oftheoldone.

(B)Aisthree(four,etc.)timesasbig(high,long,etc.)asB.

AsiaisfivetimesaslargeasEurope.

(C)Aisthree(four,etc.)timesbigger(higher,longer,etc.)thanB.

Yourschoolisthreetimesbiggerthanours.

用times表倍數(shù)通常用于三倍以上，兩倍可以用twice或doubleo

(4)最高級的用法。

①三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度時，用“the+最高級”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。這種句式一

般常有表示比較范圍的介詞短語。

ZhangHuaisthetallestofthethree.

Heworks(the)hardestinhisclass.

②最高級可被序數(shù)詞以及much,byfar,nearly,almost,bynomeans,notquite,notreally,

nothinglike等詞語所修飾。

Thishatisbyfar/much/nearly/almost/notreally/bynomeans/notquite/nothinglikethe

biggest.

③表示“最高程度”的形容詞，如excellent,extreme,perfect等，沒有最高級，也不能用

比較級。

④形容詞最高級修飾作表語或介詞賓語的名詞、代詞時，被修飾的詞往往省略。

Heisthetallest(boy)inhisclass.

⑤作狀語的副詞最高級前可以不加定冠詞。

Ofalltheboyshecame(the)earliest.

⑥否定詞+比較級=最高級

Hehasneverspentamoreworryingday.

(5)形容詞和副詞前面使用冠詞的情況。

①形容詞最高級前一般要加定冠詞，副詞最高級前可不加冠詞。

②形容詞最高級前有時加不定冠詞，或不加冠詞，不表比較，表示“非常”。

Heisamostcleveryoungpoliceman.(amost=very)

Thefilmismostinteresting.(most=very)

③表示兩者間”較……的一個"，比較級前加the。

Whoistheolderofthetwoboys?

④在“the+比較級...，the+比較級.結(jié)構(gòu)中。

Themore,thebetter.

(6)由as組成的形容詞或副詞短語。

①asmuchas+不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量多達

Eachstoneweighsasmuchasfifteentons.

Shecouldearnasmuchasonethousanddollarsaweek.

②asmanyas+可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量多達

Ihaveasmanyassixteenreferencebooks.

③asearlyas早在

AsearlyasthetwelfthcenturytheEnglishbegantoinvadetheisland.

④asfaras遠到；就...而知（論）

Wemightgoasfaras（走至lj）thechurchandback.

AsfarasIknow（就我所知）,hehasbeentherebefore.

@may（might,could）aswell不妨,不如

Thenyoumightaswellstaywithushere.

?as...asonecan盡某人所能的...

Theyareasunreliableastheycanbe.

Hebegantorun,asfastashecould.

⑦as...aspossible盡可能...的

Justgetthemtofinishupasquicklyaspossible.

3.幾組重要的詞語辨析

（l）very和much的區(qū)別。

①可分等級的形容詞和副詞前使用very不用much。

②表示狀態(tài)的過去分詞前用veryo如averyfrightenedboy,averytiredchild,avery

complicatedproblemo

一般情況下，以-ing,-ed結(jié)尾的分詞多用much,verymuch/greatly等修飾。

WeweregreatlyshockedbythenewsaboutTom.

IwasmuchamusedbyJack'sattitude.

③已轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞的現(xiàn)在分詞前用veryo如：veryinteresting/worrying/excitingo

?too前用much,alot或far,不用very。如：Youaremuch/far/alottoonice.另夕卜，在too

many/much,toofew/little前用far。

There'sfartoolittleopportunityforadventurethesedays.

We*vegotfartoomanyeggsandfartoofeweggcups.

⑤關(guān)于原級形容詞要記住下列固定的修飾詞：(a)修飾絕對意義的形容詞，一般不用very,

而用quite,completely,well,entirelyo如：quitewrong(mistaken,sure),completelydead,quite

impossible,quiteperfect等。(b)修飾以a-開頭的形容詞,通常用quite,wide,fast,verymucho

如：quitealone,verymuchalone,wideawake,fastasleep,verymuchafraido(c)——些特殊形容

詞的修飾詞有：will,quite,freezing,terribly。如wellworth,freezingcold,quitedifferent,tembly

cold/frighteningo

(2)so...that…與such...that...的區(qū)別。

〃so+形容詞/副詞+that...

so+形容詞+a(n)+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that...

so+many/few+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+that...

<so+much/little(少)+不可數(shù)名詞+that...

such+a(n)+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that...

<such+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+that...

、such+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+that…

注意：下列結(jié)構(gòu)中只能用so不可用such,當(dāng)名詞前有many,much,little,few等表示“多、

少”的詞修飾時，如somuchprogress,somanypeople,solittlefood,sofewapples等。但當(dāng)

little表示“小"時用sucho如：Thesearesuchlittleboysthattheycan'tdressthemselves.下歹(J

so的用法是錯誤的：soadifficultproblem,sodifficultproblems,sohotweather。

(3)其他幾組詞的辨析。

?ago,before：ago表示以現(xiàn)在為起點的“以前"；before指以過去或?qū)淼哪硶r刻為起

點的“以前”。泛指“以前”用before而不用ago。

?already,yet,still：already表示某事已經(jīng)發(fā)生；yet表示期待某事發(fā)生；still表示某事還

在進行，主要用于肯定句。

③too,also,either：too和also用于肯定句，too多用于口語，also多用于書面語，either用

于否定句。

?good,well：與good不同的是,well作形容詞，只能在系動詞后作表語，表示“身體狀

況好”，也作副詞修飾動詞。

⑤quick,fast：作形容詞皆表示“快”。fast多指運動的物體，含持續(xù)的意思。quick多

指一次動作的敏捷、突然，而且持續(xù)的時間較短。

?real,true：作形容詞皆表示“真的"。real強調(diào)真實存在的而不是幻想的，在句中常作

定語；irue指與事實標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和實際情況相符合，在句中作表語或定語。

?hard,difficult：均表示“困難”，但hard通常指體力上困難；difficult則指智力或技能

上的困難，困難程度大于hard。它們都可作定語和表語。

二、課堂習(xí)題

1.12018屆南京市、鹽城市高三一?！?/p>

ThemovieCocowrapstwothemespursuingdreams,andhowwerememberloved

ones--inacolorful,culturallyspecificpackage.

A.contemporaryB.religiousC.historicalD.universal

2.【2018屆南京市、鹽城市高三一模】

-Whataboutaself-drivetriptoTibetthiswintervacation?

一Itsoundsmarvelous,butIwon'tbeavailableatthattime.

A.simplyB.equallyC.firmlyD.merely

3.【江蘇省南通、泰州市2018屆高三一?！?/p>

Thesefiguresshouldbe,forevenaminorerrorcancostusmillionsofdollars.

A.preciseB.flexibleC.optionalD.approximate

4.【蘇北四市2018年高三第一次調(diào)研】

FengXiaogang'slatestfilmYouth,nowaboxofficehit,scheduledforreleaseonSept

29,washeldbackfortwomonths.

A.casuallyB.originallyC.temporarilyD.eventually

5.12018常州一模】

-WhatistheprincipalcontradictionfacingChinesesocietynowadays?

一Thecontradictionbetweendevelopmentandthepeople'sever-growingneedsfora

betterlife.

A.sustainableB.inadequateC.privilegedD.confidential

6.12018蘇州一?！?/p>

ApilotqualifiedforAircraftCarrierLiaoninghastobementallyandphysicallystrong,possess

flyingskillsandbefullydedicatedtohiscareer.

A.arbitraryB.confidentialC.extraordinaryD.voluntary

7.12018無錫一?！?/p>

Idon'tagreeoneverythingthatTrumpsays,buthe'sbeeninhismessageabout

bringingmanufacturingbacktotheUnitedStates,bringingthecashbacktotheUnitedStates.

A.dynamicB.consistentC.compulsoryD.ambiguous

8.【2018揚州一模】

Eventhoughshepretendstobefine,hersmilecannothidehersorrow.

A.authenticB.artificialC.confidentialDcontroversial

9.12018鎮(zhèn)江一?！?/p>

Tobe,theyhavetothinkaboutthefutureanddealwiththeproblemsinvolvingwaste

water.

A.sustainableB.authenticC.criticalD.innocent

10.【鎮(zhèn)江市2019屆高三年級第一次模擬】

Iwishyouwouldn'tbeso;youmakefacesateverythingIsay.

A.weirdB.politeC.reluctantD.serious

11.12019屆三市(徐州淮安連云港)一模英語】

ThelargepassengeraircraftC919AC101,independentlydesignedanddevelopedbyChina,

turnedouttobeahugesuccess.

A.controversialB.contradictoryC.commercialD.compulsory

12.【2019年江蘇省揚州市高三英語期末】

Thespokesman'sremarkshelpclarifyanstatementissuedearlierthisweek.

A.ambiguousB.ambitiousC.arbitraryD.authentic

13.【江蘇省常州市2019屆高三第一次模擬考試】

-WhynotturntoKevin?Hesawwhathappened,sohisistheonlyaccount.

一Theproblemisthathehasrefusedtosayanythingabouttheaccident.

A.tentativeB.controversialC.authenticD.arbitrary

14.【江蘇省常州市2019屆高三第一次模擬考試】

Thoughscientistsgetclosertounderstandingwhyweage,thereasonfordifferentagingrates

amongindividualsremainsonlyunderstood.

A.concretelyB.thoroughlyC.vaguelyD.flexible

15.【南京市鹽城市2019屆高三年級第一次模擬】

Herdoctorindicatedthatevenaddinga(n)amountofdailyexercisewoulddramatically

improveherhealth.

A.modestB.equalC.considerableD.exact

16.【南京市鹽城市2019屆高三年級第一次模擬】

Computer-controlledrobotsaretakingoverjobsinmanyindustries,whichusedtobedone

A.artificiallyB.manuallyC.comprehensivelyD.gradually

17.【蘇州市2018-2019學(xué)年第一學(xué)期期末】

Thevasewasquitesowehadtowrapitinsoftmaterialbeforewesenditbypost.

A.fragileB.flexibleC.fragrantD.false

18.【泰州市2018-2019學(xué)年度高三上學(xué)期第一次調(diào)研】

Toensureacorrectunderstandingofthenewregulations,weneedtoclarifysomepoints

ofviewandputthesystemintopractice.

A.artificialB.arbitraryC.ambiguousD.absolute

19.【泰州市2018-2019學(xué)年度高三上學(xué)期第一次調(diào)研】

TheautobiographyBecomingbyMichelleObama,aboutherlifeintheWhiteHouse,

soldwellonceonthemarket.

A.definitelyB.essentiallyC.initiallyD.accurately

20.【無錫市普通高中2019年一模】

一It'samazingthatanAustraliangirlsailedaroundtheworldaloneinabout200days.

一That'saninspiringstory.Hercourageisreally.

A.acceptableB.adjustableC.admirableD.accessible

21.【無錫市普通高中2019年一?！?/p>

Thenewsurveyshowsthatthenumberofstudentscomputergameshasbeen

increasinginrecentyears.

A.accustomedtoB.absorbedtoC.adaptedtoD.addictedto

三、課后習(xí)題

（一）單項選擇

1.（2017?南京高三三模）Iftheythrowstonesatyou,don'tthrowback.Usethemtobuildyour

ownfoundation.

A.somehowB.anywayC.insteadD.nevertheless

2.（2017?通、揚、泰、淮高三三模）Whatmadethemmissthedeadlinewasnottheirlackoffunding,

buttheirlackofplanning.

A.evenB.stillC.ratherD.ever

3.（2017?蘇錫常鎮(zhèn)高三三模）Themanwasinaconditionwithsevereinjuriestohislegs

afterbeingattackedbyasharkinfarnorthQueensland.

A.SkepticalB.criticalC.practicalD.physical

4.（2017?無錫高三一模）一HaveyouheardthatJackhasbeenpromotedtosalesmanager

recently?

一It*snothingtobesurprisedat.Thereasonwhyhehaswonthetrustofcustomersisthat

hehasa/anattitude.

A.changeableB.flexibleC.movableD.alternate

5.（2017?連云港、宿遷、徐州高三三模）Insteadofhidingbehindwalls,adefendersometimes

mustengageanddisableenemyforcesbeforetheystrike.

A.flexiblyB.activelyC.primitivelyD.conservatively

6.（江蘇省名校高三入學(xué)摸底卷（考點卷一））oftheinaccuracyoftheanswergiven,he

turnedtotheprofessortomakesure.

A.IgnorantB.SuspiciousC.TolerantD.Confident

7.（江蘇省名校高三入學(xué)摸底卷（考點卷二））Generally,thecompanyhasapreferenceforthose

whohaveexperienceandskillsinthejob.

A.uniqueB.previousC.unforgettableD.appropriate

8.（江蘇省名校高三入學(xué)摸底卷（題型卷））Shesaidthosegirlsarevery.Thatmeans

theycareaboutpeoplefacingproblems.

A.cautiousB.generousC.sympatheticD.positive

9.（2017?南京市四校第一學(xué)期聯(lián)考試題）SometimesMr.Seymourdidn'tknowwhattodowith

hisvacanttime.Hisvacationplanwasrather.

A.absurdB.vagueC.concreteD.extensive

10.（江蘇省四星級學(xué)校2017年4月聯(lián)考）Comparedwiththelongstandingfriendshipbetween

thetwocountries,theirboundarydisputeisonlyaissue.

A.sensitiveB.controversialC.politicalD.temporary

11.（2017江蘇省高考名校聯(lián)考信息優(yōu)化卷（一））Allstudentswanttoenrichtheirknowledge,

butIbelievethatmoststudentstodaywantthatknowledgetobetotheirfuture

careers.

A.relevantB.faithfulC.preferableD.sensitive

12.（2017?江蘇省高考名校聯(lián)考信息優(yōu)化卷（二））Justadecadeago,onlyahandfuloftheChinese

couldaffordatripabroad,butnowadaysithasbecomeaverything.

A.meaningfulB.popularC.commonD.challenging

13.（2017?江蘇省高考名校聯(lián)考信息優(yōu)化卷（三））Bigbusinessfailureasheisfacedwith,he

remainsandbelievesthingswillbemuchdifferentnexttime.

A.considerateB.elegantC.patientD.optimistic

14.（2017?江蘇省高考名校聯(lián)考信息優(yōu)化卷（四））Theratingswerenotwidelysupported,forthey

werebasedonthejudgementofoneperson.

A.reasonableB.subjectiveC.universalD.accurate

15.（2017?江蘇省高考名校聯(lián)考信息優(yōu)化卷（五））Forthesakeofusall,weshould

beparticipantsintheprotectionofwaterresources.

A.curiousB.activeC.punctualD.stubborn

16.（2017?江蘇省高考名校聯(lián)考信息優(yōu)化卷（九））Howcanyouhaveagoodimpressionofa

doctorwhodoesn*tgiveyouinstructionsonwhenandhowtotakethemedicine?

A.ambiguousB.explicitC.originalD.impressive

17.（2017?江蘇省高考名校聯(lián)考信息優(yōu)化卷（十））Thesentence“Lookatthoseprettylittlegirls,

dresses^^is,becauseitisnotclearwhetherthegirlsorthedressesare“pretty”.

A.comprehensiveB.ambiguousC.contradictoryD.explicit

18.（江蘇省名校高三入學(xué)摸底卷（題型卷））TheminicomputerhasWiFi,ahugememoryand

super-fastprocessor.,it'ssosmallthatitfitsinashirtpocket.

A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.MoreoverD.Rather

19.（江蘇省2017屆高三第二學(xué)期六校聯(lián)考）Althoughagorillawon'ttalk,itcanuse

bodylanguagetoanswerbackandforth.ltisthesamewiththewaytheotheranimals

communicate.

A.moreoverB.neverthelessC.somehowD.therefore

20.（2017?江蘇省高考名校聯(lián)考信息優(yōu)化卷（六））Spendingtimeinanotherculturewillchange

thewayyoulookatlife.,spreadingloveispartoftheappealofvolunteeringabroad.

A.SomehowB.BesidesC.OtherwiseD.Therefore

21.（2017?江蘇省高考名校聯(lián)考信息優(yōu)化卷（六））Shewasgoingtostartanewlifeasa

freshman.Butherstorycametoa（n）endasshediedofaheartattackafterlosingher

tuitionfees.

A.complexB.unfortunateC.abstractD.casual

22.（2017?江蘇省高考名校聯(lián)考信息優(yōu)化卷（八））Theparentsdecidetogrowthewaterplantin

a（n）glassbottlesothattheirchildrencanseetherootsgrowing.

A.preciousB.environmentalC.delicateD.transparent

23.（2016—2017學(xué)年江蘇省啟東中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期第一次月考）Itisonethingtoenjoylistening

togoodmusic,butitisanothertoplayitwellyourself.

A.quiteB.veryC.ratherD.much

24.（2016—2017學(xué)年江蘇省南京師范大學(xué)附屬實驗學(xué)校高三第一學(xué)期期中檢測）Chinamay

aswellkeepitsgrowthrateabove7percent.，theratemaybesetbetween6to7

percent,forthesakeofahealthyenvironment.

A.DifferentlyB.AlternativelyC.AccordinglyD.Conversely

25.（2016—2017學(xué)年江蘇省南通市如東縣、徐州市豐縣高三10月聯(lián)考）Ratherthanstickingto

theprinciplesstubbornly,Chinaisnowadoptinganewconceptineconomicpoliciesin

a/anwaythatshowsitsowncharacteristics.

A.sustainableB.flexibleC.invisibleD.available

（二）閱讀理解

A

Tcydayit.*scctsiercinclmore

affcrrdcibbthctrxever

“Inthepastgoingtothedentistwasn\alwayseasy,buttodayitIS!Newdentaltechnologies

likeairabrasion（研磨）meanupto80%ofpatientsdon'tevenneedashot!Other

state-of-the-artadvancementstnakeyourtreatmentcompletelycomfortable.Callmeifyouwant

gentle,affordabledentalcare.0

—Dr.JohnB.Gentle

TotalFamilyCareConveniences

EChildrenverywelcome324houremergencytreatment

AComfortableultrasoniccleanings8CableTVineveryroom

ASealantstopreventholes當(dāng)Freesecondopinion

Fluoridetreatments自Prepaymentdiscounts

占Lifelikefalseteethandpartials當(dāng)Interestfreefinancing

Tomorrow'sDentistryToday8Insuranceaccepted

$Airabrasionmeansdentistrywithout當(dāng)Creditcardsandonlinepay

drillsorneedles!accepted

於In-mouthcameraexaminationprovidesCallnowforyourfree

unmatcheddiagnosticandtreatmentin-mouthcamera

examination:

accuracy123-4567

1500IvlainStreet

&ComputerimagingshowstheresultsBigTTowrie

beforeworkisdone

Cosmetics（美容）ForYourBestSmileJrcxrrvrcxrrcuwXAjn1

1SOOStreet

BigTowne

?Teethwhitening—fastresults,very

affordableJohnB.Gentle,DMD

-BachelorofScience,Biology,

UniversityofScranton,1976

?Mercury（汞）-free,whitefillings—

-DMD,UniversityofPennsylvania,1980

matchesyournaturalteeth-Memberof:

AmericanDemalAssociation

?PorcelaincrownsforstainedorAmericanAcademyofCosmeticDentistry

InternationalAssociationofOrthodontics

bad-lookingteeth

?Naturallooking,durable

56.Whomightbemostinterestedinthisadvertisement?

A.Thosewhowanttoreceivetoothtreatment.

B.Thosewhowanttobecomedentists.

C.Thosewhowanttoselltoothmedicalequipment.

D.Thosewhowanttowriteanarticleontoothcare.

57.Accordingtotheadvertisement,thosewhomaygotothedentisfsareprobablyattractedby

A.freeemergencytreatmentB.cheapestnatural-lookingcosmetics

C.newdentaltechnologiesD.discountedin-mouthcameraexamination

B

①OnafieldroughlythesizeofanAmericanfootballfield,aplayerwearinga

helmetavoidsadefender.Hethenswingsastickwithanetonitsendtowardthegoal.This

sweepingmotionsendsarubberballflyingfromthenetpastagoalkeeperforascore.

②Theplayer-pumpinghisfistsincelebration-hasjustscoredagoalinlacrosse,

asportthathaselementsofhockey,soccerandAmericanfootball.Butlacrossediffersfromthose

sportsinitsuniquemixtureofsticking-handlingskillsandphysicalcontact.Oftenreferredtoas

“thefastestgameontwofeeC,lacrosseissuchanexcitingsportthatnewfansandplayersquickly

findthemselveshooked.

Inmen'slacrosse,twoteamsof10playerscompeteoverfourperiodslasting15minuteseach.

Exceptthegoalkeeper,eachteamfieldsthreeattackmen,threemid-fieldersandthreedefensemen.

Asinsoccer,playerscannottouchtheballwiththeirhands.Soplayersusetheirstick,calleda

crosse,tokeeptheballinplay.Whilerunningacrossthefield,theycradletheballinthenet,

competingtoshootalacrosseballintotheopposingteam'sgate.

Themoderngameoflacrosseoriginatedfromthelong-stickgameplayedbytheIroquois（易

洛魁人）.Mohawks,partoftheIroquoisnation,taughtthegametoFrenchCanadiansinMontreal

in1750.ThisledtoaseriesofcontestsbetweentheIroquoisandtheCanadianswiththeIroquois

winning17yearsinarow.Althoughtheylostthegames,theCanadianplayersneverfalter（猶豫）

theirloveofthegame.③

InAmerica,lacrosseisthefastest-growingsportatboththehighschoolandcollegelevels.

Somecoacheshavesaidthispopularitymaybeduetotwofactors——thegame'srelativesafety

comparedwithothersportsanditsfast-pacedaction.PrepschoolcoachBobShriversays,"It's

justfun...Ithasmorescoringthansoccer,morepeoplethanbasketball.Itjustgetsinyoursoul.”

Apparently,passionforlacrosseisn'tlimitedtoAmerica.Thenumberofmembercountriesin

theFederationofInternationallacrossehasgrownto51.Membersincludesuchdiversecountries

asUganda,JamaicaandMalaysia,whichprovesthatoncesomeonegrabsacrosse,theywillget

hooked!

58.WherecanthesentenceToday,lacrosseisknownasCanadaofficialsummersport!,f

mostprobablybeput?

A.①B.②C.③D.0

59.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?

A.Thebasicrulesoflacrosse.B.Lastingtimeoflacrosse.

C.Thecharacteristicsoflacrosse.D.Differentplayersoflacrosse.

60.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?

A.Toshowusthepopularityoftheexcitinglacrosse.

B.Tointroducetousapopularsportoflacrosse.

C.TDinformusoftheoriginandhistoryoflacrosse.

D.Torevealthesignificanceofthesportoflacrosse.

C

Aperson'schancesoffallingillfromanewstrain（菌株）offluareatleastpartlydetermined

bythefirststraintheyevermetwith,astudysuggests.

ResearchinScienceJournallookedatthe18strainsofinfluenzaA（甲型流感）andthe

hemagglutininprotein（紅血凝集素蛋白）onitssurface.Theysaythereareonlytwotypesof

thisproteinandpeopleareprotectedfromtheonetheirbodymeetsfirst,butatriskfromtheother

one.

AUKexpertsaidthatcouldexplaindifferentpatternsinflupandemics（流行?。?

Theresearchers,fromUniversityofArizonainTucsonandtheUniversityofCalifornia,Los

Angeles,suggesttheirfindingscouldexplainwhysomefluoutbreakscausemoredeathsand

seriousillnessesinyoungerpeople.Thefirsttimeaperson*simmunesystemmeetsafluvirus,it

makesantibodiestargetinghemagglutininproteinthatsticksoutofthesurfaceofthevirus—like

alollipop（棒棒糖）.

Eventhoughthereare18typesofinfluenzaA,thereare