江蘇省淮安市淮安區(qū)2023-2024學年高一下學期期中考試英語試題 （解析版）

2023-2024學年度第二學期期中學業(yè)水平測試試題高一英語(本試卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘)注意事項：1.本卷滿分150分。答題時間120分鐘。2.答卷前，學生務必將自己的學校、姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上規(guī)定的地方。3.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本卷上無效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhatwillSuedoforBill?A.Takehimtohospital.B.Finishthereport.C.Cleanthedesk.2.Whatisthewomanlikelytodonext?A.Quitsmoking.B.Tasteacake.C.Changeherseat.3.Wherewasthemanlastweekend?A.AthomeB.AtabasketballgameC.InParis.4.Whatdoesthemanneednow?A.Milk.B.Water.C.Icecream.5.Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?A.Thebusstation.B.Thetrainstation.C.Thepolicestation.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答6、7題。6.WhatwillJackdoat10:00am?A.Catchabus.B.Callthewoman.C.Attendalecture.7.Howdoesthemanusuallygotoschool?A.Bytaxi.B.Bybike.C.Onfoot.聽第7段材料，回答8至9小題。8.Whomisthepartyfor?A.Lisa.B.Jane.C.Ted.9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman’splan?A.InterestingB.Simple.C.Funny聽第8段材料，回答10至12小題。10.Whichdoesthewomanlikebest?A.Thelivingroom.B.Thebathroom.C.Thekitchen.11.Whatdoesthemansayabouttheapartment?A.Ithasagoodview.B.It’salittlesmall.C.It’soutofstyle.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Hostessandguest.C.Customerandsalesman.聽第9段材料，回答13至16小題。13.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inaclassroom.B.Onthephone.C.Inthestreet.14.HowdoesTomfeelatfirst?A.Worried.B.Excited.C.Relaxed.15.WhatdoesMissLiadviseTomtodo?A.Correctthemistakes.B.Bemorecarefulnexttime.C.Talkwithhisparents.16.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Astudent.B.Anexam.C.Asong.聽第10段材料，回答17至20小題。17.Howmanyforeignstudentsarevisitingthespeaker’sschool?A.Only13.B.About16.C.Over30.18.Whydoestheschoolorganizethemusicweek?A.Torememberafamoussinger.B.TocelebrateaEuropeanfestival.C.Towelcomeforeignstudents.19.Whencanstudentssignupfortheactivities?A.BeforeSeptember5th.B.BeforeSeptember15th.C.InlateSeptember.20.Wherewillthemusicweekbeheld?A.Inthegarden.B.Inthelibrary.C.Inthemusichall.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AExhibitionsintheBritishMuseumHokusai:beyondtheGreatWaveKatsushikaHokusai(1760-1849)iswidelyregardedasoneofJapan'smostfamousandinfluentialartists.Heproducedworksofastonishingqualityrightupuntilhisdeathattheageof90.Thisnewexhibitionwillleadyouonanartisticjourneythroughthelast30yearsofHokusai'slife—atimewhenheproducedsomeofhismostmemorablemasterpieces.25May—13August2017Room35Adults￡12,Members/under16sfreePlacesofthemind:Britishwatercolourlandscapes1850-1950DrawnfromtheBritishMuseum'srichcollection,thisisthefirstexhibitiondevotedtolandscapedrawingsandwatercoloursbyBritishartistsintheVictorianandmoderneras—twohalvesofverydifferentcenturies.23February—27August2017Room90Free,justdropinScythians:warriorsofancientSiberiaThismajorexhibitionexploresthestoryoftheScythians—nomadictribesandmastersofmountedwarfare,whoflourishedbetween900and200BC.TheirencounterswiththeGreeks,AssyriansandPersianswerewrittenintohistorybutforcenturiesalltraceoftheirculturewaslost—buriedbeneaththeice.14September2017—14January2018Room30Adults￡16.50,Members/under16sfreePoliticsandparadise:IndianpopularprintsfromtheMoscatelliGiftThisdisplayispartoftheMuseum'scontributiontotheIndia-UKYearofCulture2017.ItlooksatthepopularprintcultureofIndiafromthe1880suntilthe1950s.19July—3September2017Room90aFree,justdropin1.Ifyouareinterestedindrawingsofnaturalscenery,youwillprobablygoto______.A.Room35 B.Room90C.Room30 D.Room90a2.WhichexhibitioncanyouattendinOctober2017?A.Hokusai:beyondtheGreatWave.B.Scythians:warriorsofancientSiberia.C.Placesofthemind:Britishwatercolourlandscapes1850-1950.D.Politicsandparadise:IndianpopularprintsfromtheMoscatelliGift.3.Wherecanwemostprobablyfindthepassage?A.Inahealthreport. B.Inastorybook.C.Inaparentingmagazine. D.Inatourguide.【答案】1.B2.B3.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文，介紹了幾幅英國博物館展覽的藝術品。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二部分里“thisisthefirstexhibitiondevotedtolandscapedrawingsandwatercolours（這是第一個以風景畫和水彩畫為主題的展覽）”以及下段的“Room90”可知，如果你對自然風景的繪畫感興趣，你可能會去90房間。故選B。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Scythians:warriorsofancientSiberia”這一部分里的“14September2017—14January2018（2017年9月14日-2018年1月14日）”可知，在2017年十月份可以去參觀“Scythians:warriorsofancientSiberia”這幅作品。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章標題“ExhibitionsintheBritishMuseum（大英博物館的展覽）”可知，短文是對博物館里的藝術品的介紹，可知這篇文章可能出現(xiàn)在導游雜志里。故選D。BInmosttownstoday,youcanseeteenagersstandingoverelectronicmachineswithflashinglights,shootingatspaceshipsfromotherplanetsanddroppingbombsonstrangemonsters(惡魔).ThemachineshavenameslikeSpaceWarrior,DarkInvaderandsoon.Itusedtobebelievedthatdamagewasdoneonlytothosestrangevisitorsfromouterspace,butnowitseemsthattheyarestrikingback.Manyteenagerslikeelectronicgamessomuchthattheycan’tstopplaying.Theyspendhourstightlyholdingthejoystick(操縱桿)controlsandconstantly(不斷地)pressingbuttonsmarked“fire”.Theydeveloppainsontheirfingersbecauseoftheconstantpressure.Theyplayandplaythatthepainshavenochancetocureproperly.Therapidwrist(手腕)movementrequiredtoguidethespaceshipacrossthescreencausesanotherproblem:Themusclesofthewristandarmbecomesoinflamed(發(fā)炎的)andswollen(腫脹的)thattheypressagainstthebones.Thisconditioniswhatdoctorsnowcall“SpaceWarrior’sWrist”.Otherstrangeachesandpainsalsoarelikelytoaffecttheelbows(手肘)andshoulders.Anotherevenmorealarmingproblemisshownbythecaseofa17-year-oldgirlwhichwasrecentlyreportedintheBritishMedicalJournal.Shehadbeenplayingvariouskindsofelectronicgamesformorethantwohoursaday.Herfatherrepairedgamesandmachinesandshecouldusethesystemsinhisworkshopasoftenassheliked.Oneday,afterplayingagamecalledDarkInvader,shepassedoutandfelltothefloor.Doctorswhoexaminedherfoundshewassufferingfromanunusualillnesscausedbylightsflashingataparticularfrequency(頻率).4.Electronicgamesarefoundverypopularwith_______.A.teenagerslivingintownsB.studentsstudyinginhighschoolsC.girlsworkingintheirfather’sworkshopsD.peopleinterestedinspaceships5.“SpaceWarrior’sWrist”iscausedby_______.A.rapidlymovingthescreenBinflamedandswollenmusclesofthewristC.tightlyholdingthejoystickcontrolsD.constantlypressingthebuttons6.Whydoestheauthormentionthecaseofa17-year-oldgirl?A.Tofeelsorryfortheyounggirl.B.Toshowyoungpeople’spoorhealth.C.Toprovethenegativeeffectsofplayingelectronicgames.D.Toremindparentstocontrolteenager’sbehaviorathome.7.Fromthepassagewecanconcludethatplayingelectronicgamesis_______.AenjoyableandhelpfultothestudyB.excitingbutharmfultothehealthC.interestingbutharmlesstotheeyesD.amusingandsatisfying【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要討論了電子游戲在青少年中的流行以及由此引發(fā)的一些健康問題?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Inmosttownstoday,youcanseeteenagersstandingoverelectronicmachineswithflashinglights,shootingatspaceshipsfromotherplanetsanddroppingbombsonstrangemonsters…”（在今天的大多數(shù)城鎮(zhèn)，你可以看到青少年站在閃著光的電子游戲機前，射擊來自其他星球的宇宙飛船，并向奇怪的怪物投擲炸彈……）可知，電子游戲在城鎮(zhèn)的青少年中非常流行。故選A項。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Therapidwrist(手腕)movementrequiredtoguidethespaceshipacrossthescreencausesanotherproblem:Themusclesofthewristandarmbecomesoinflamed(發(fā)炎的)andswollen(腫脹的)thattheypressagainstthebones.Thisconditioniswhatdoctorsnowcall“SpaceWarrior’sWrist”.”（引導飛船穿越屏幕所需的快速手腕運動會引起另一個問題：手腕和手臂的肌肉變得如此發(fā)炎和腫脹，以至于它們壓迫骨頭。醫(yī)生現(xiàn)在稱這種情況為“太空戰(zhàn)士手腕”。）可知，“太空戰(zhàn)士手腕”是由手腕肌肉發(fā)炎和腫脹引起的。故選B項。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Anotherevenmorealarmingproblemisshownbythecaseofa17-year-oldgirlwhichwasrecentlyreportedintheBritishMedicalJournal.Shehadbeenplayingvariouskindsofelectronicgamesformorethantwohoursaday.Herfatherrepairedgamesandmachinesandshecouldusethesystemsinhisworkshopasoftenassheliked.Oneday,afterplayingagamecalledDarkInvader,shepassedoutandfelltothefloor.”（《英國醫(yī)學雜志》最近報道了一名17歲女孩的病例，顯示了另一個更令人擔憂的問題。她每天玩各種電子游戲超過兩個小時。她的父親修理游戲和機器，她可以隨時使用他工作室里的系統(tǒng)。有一天，她在玩了一款名為DarkInvader的游戲后，昏倒在地板上。）可推知，段中提及了一個17歲女孩因玩游戲昏倒的例子，是為了證明玩電子游戲?qū)】档呢撁嬗绊?。故選C項。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“Inmosttownstoday,youcanseeteenagersstandingoverelectronicmachineswithflashinglights,shootingatspaceshipsfromotherplanetsanddroppingbombsonstrangemonsters…”（在今天的大多數(shù)城鎮(zhèn)，你可以看到青少年站在閃著光的電子游戲機前，射擊來自其他星球的宇宙飛船，并向奇怪的怪物投擲炸彈……）、第二段中“Themusclesofthewristandarmbecomesoinflamed(發(fā)炎的)andswollen(腫脹的)thattheypressagainstthebones.Thisconditioniswhatdoctorsnowcall“SpaceWarrior’sWrist”.”（手腕和手臂的肌肉變得如此發(fā)炎和腫脹，以至于它們壓迫骨頭。醫(yī)生現(xiàn)在稱這種情況為“太空戰(zhàn)士手腕”。）和第四段“Anotherevenmorealarmingproblemisshownbythecaseofa17-year-oldgirlwhichwasrecentlyreportedintheBritishMedicalJournal.”（《英國醫(yī)學雜志》最近報道了一名17歲女孩的病例，顯示了另一個更令人擔憂的問題。）可知，雖然電子游戲可能很吸引人，但也會導致各種健康問題，如手腕、手肘和肩膀的疼痛，甚至可能引發(fā)由特定頻率的閃爍燈光引起的不尋常疾病。因此，我們可以得出結(jié)論，玩電子游戲雖然可能很刺激，但對健康是有害的。故選B項。CNaturalselectionistheprocessbywhichonetypeofanimalwithinaspeciesthrivesbecauseofcertainqualitiesthatmakeitmorelikelytolivethanothersinitsgroup.Thehistoryofthepepperedmoth(灰蛾)isanexampleofthenaturalselectionprocess.Innineteenth-centuryEngland,certaintypesofpepperedmothswereabletobetterblend(融合)intotheirsurroundings.Duringthattimeperiod,greatchangeswerehappeninginGreatBritain.TheIndustrialRevolutionwaspartofthischange,andwithitcameairpollution.Naturalselectionoftentakeshundredsoreventhousandsofyearstooccur.Forthepepperedmoth,thisprocessoccurredcomparatively(相對地)quickly.AtthebeginningoftheIndustrialAge,mostpepperedmothsinEnglandwerelight-coloredandcoveredwithblackmarkings,althoughafewmothshaddark-coloredwings.Becausethelight-coloredmothsblendedintothelight-coloredbarkonthetrees,theycouldnotbeeasilyseenbybirdsthatwouldeatthem.Astheairgrewmorepolluted,however,treetrunksbecamecoveredwithsoot(煤煙)andbecamedarker.Thelight-coloredmothsbecameeasyforbirdstoseeagainstthedarktreetrunks.Sincethedark-coloredmothsnowhadtheadvantage,theirnumbersgrew.Within50years,thepepperedmothwentfrombeingmostlylight-coloredtobeingmostlydark-colored.Inthetwentiethcentury,theairclearedup,andthepepperedmothpopulationchangedagain.Astreetrunkslightenedduetolesssootintheair,light-coloredmothsonceagainhadanadvantage.Theirnumbersincreasedassootlevelsdeclined(下降).Dependingontheirenvironment,thecolorationofthemothshelpedthemtobe“naturallyselected”tosurvive.8.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheword“thrives”inthefirstparagraph?A.reduces B.endangers C.increases D.changes9.Whatdoweknowaboutthepepperedmoth’snaturalselectionprocess?A.Thelengthoftimewasunusual.B.Itwasagoodexampleofenvironmentalprotection.C.Thistypeofcolorchangewastypicalformoths.D.ThesootlevelsinEnglanddidnotaffectit.10.Whatcanwelearnfromthethirdparagraph?A.Thecolorofmothswasunimportant.B.Bothkindsofmothspreferredthedark-coloredtrees.C.Thereweremorelight-coloredmothsthandark-coloredmoths.D.Thenumberofmothshadsomethingtodowiththelevelofairpollution.11.WhichwouldmostlikelyhappenifsootdarkenedEngland’streesagain?A.Birdswouldeatfewermoths.B.Mothswouldnotbeabletostayalive.C.Thepopulationofdark-coloredmothswouldincrease.D.Light-coloredmothswoulddisturbpeople’slife.【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.C【解析】【導語】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了英國灰蛾因為工業(yè)革命和近年來的環(huán)境改變的原因，發(fā)生的兩次不同種群的自然選擇變化過程?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第一段畫線單詞后“Naturalselectionistheprocessbywhichonetypeofanimalwithinaspecies

thrives

becauseofcertainqualitiesthatmakeitmorelikelytolivethanothersinitsgroup.

(自然選擇是指一個物種中一種動物因為具有某些品質(zhì)而比其他動物更有可能存活下來而thrives的過程。)”可知使得動物容易存活，所以指的是動物數(shù)量的增加，蓬勃發(fā)展，故C選項increases（增長，增強）與劃線詞意義一致。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Naturalselectionoftentakeshundredsoreventhousandsofyearstooccur.Forthepepperedmoth,thisprocessoccurredcomparatively(相對地)quickly.(自然選擇通常需要數(shù)百年甚至數(shù)千年才能發(fā)生。對于灰蛾來說，這個過程發(fā)生得相對較快。)”可知，灰蛾在自然選擇的過程中所花的時間長度是不同尋常的。故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“AtthebeginningoftheIndustrialAge,mostpepperedmothsinEnglandwerelight-coloredandcoveredwithblackmarkings,althoughafewmothshaddark-coloredwings.(在工業(yè)時代初期，英國的大多數(shù)斑蛾都是淺色的，身上有黑色的斑紋，盡管有一些蛾子的翅膀是深色的。)”以及“Astheairgrewmorepolluted,however,treetrunksbecamecoveredwithsoot(煤煙)andbecamedarker.Thelight-coloredmothsbecameeasyforbirdstoseeagainstthedarktreetrunks.Sincethedark-coloredmothsnowhadtheadvantage,theirnumbersgrew.Within50years,thepepperedmothwentfrombeingmostlylight-coloredtobeingmostlydark-colored.(然而，隨著空氣污染越來越嚴重，樹干被煙灰覆蓋，顏色也越來越深。鳥兒很容易在深色的樹干上看到淺色的飛蛾。由于深色的飛蛾現(xiàn)在占了優(yōu)勢，它們的數(shù)量就增加了。在50年的時間里，灰蛾的大部分顏色從淺色變成了深色。)”可知，一開始大多數(shù)飛蛾的顏色是淺色的，隨著空氣污染的加重，灰蛾的大部分顏色從淺色變成了深色。所以灰蛾的數(shù)量與空氣的質(zhì)量有關。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Astheairgrewmorepolluted,however,treetrunksbecamecoveredwithsoot(煤煙)andbecamedarker.Thelight-coloredmothsbecameeasyforbirdstoseeagainstthedarktreetrunks.Sincethedark-coloredmothsnowhadtheadvantage,theirnumbersgrew.Within50years,thepepperedmothwentfrombeingmostlylight-coloredtobeingmostlydark-colored.(然而，隨著空氣污染越來越嚴重，樹干被煙灰覆蓋，顏色也越來越深。鳥兒很容易在深色的樹干上看到淺色的飛蛾。由于深色的飛蛾現(xiàn)在占了優(yōu)勢，它們的數(shù)量就增加了。在50年的時間里，灰蛾的大部分顏色從淺色變成了深色。)”可知，英格蘭的樹干顏色再次變深，那么深色的飛蛾的數(shù)量會增加。故選C。DThissummerhasbroughtextremeheatanddroughtstoplacesaroundtheworld.Thedroughtsareleadingtoseriousproblemsandtheeffectsofthedroughtsarelikelytobefeltforyears.Droughtsaren’tnew,butEarth’srisingtemperaturesbecauseofglobalwarmingaremakingthemmuchhardertoavoid.ThedroughtintheHornofAfricamaybethemostserioussituation.Forseveralyears,theareahashadverylittlerainduringtherainyseasons.Thedryconditionshavekilledmillionsoffarmanimalsanddestroyedthecropsoffarmers.ThedroughtiscausingenergyproblemsinEurope,too.Thelowwaterlevelshavecuttheamountofhydroelectricpowerthatcanbeproduced.Someriversaresolowthattheheavyboatsthatcarrycoalcan’ttravelonthem.FarmersinCaliforniaandArizonahavebeenhitparticularlyhard.Californiahasputlimitsonwateruseacrossthestate.Nowwaterisbeinglimitedinotherplaces.Whentherearewaterlimits,farmersaren’tabletogrowasmanycrops.Thatcandriveupfoodprices,andthataffectseveryone.Chinaisfacingsimilarproblems.ThedroughthasdriedupmuchofthewaterintheYangtze,China’slongestriver.Thathascuttheamountofenergyproducedbytheworld’slargestdamby40%.Chinahasn’tbeenabletoproduceenoughenergy,sincemillionsofpeopleareusingelectricitytokeepcool.Thegovernmentiscallingonthepublictoturnofftheairconditionerwhenitisnottoohot.Thecountryistryingtomakeitrainbyshootingchemicalsintoclouds.Butthisisanuncertainandtemporaryresponse.Therearenoeasysolutionstoanyofthesedroughts.Ittookyearstocreatetheclimatecrisis,anditwilltakealongtimetogetitundercontrol.Fornow,governmentsandpeoplewillneedtocarefullymanagewatersuppliesandotherresourcestolimitthedamageasmuchaspossible.12.Whathasbeenaffectedbydroughtsaccordingtothepassage?A.Technology.B.Transportation.C.Education.D.Tourism.13.WhatmeasureshavebeentakentodealwithdroughtsinChina?A.Bringingwaterfromothercountries.B.Findingreplacementforrainwater.C.Limitingtheuseofdrinkingwater.D.Controllingtheuseofelectricity.14.Howmighttheauthorfeelaboutthefightagainstdrought?A.Concerned.B.Satisfied.CDisappointed.D.Optimistic.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WorldwideDroughtsAppearedasNewProblemsB.ChinaIsalsoFacingtheSeriousDroughtProblemC.DroughtsCauseProblemsAroundtheWorldD.ManyReasonsLeadtotheDroughtProblem【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.C【解析】【導語】本文是說明文。文章介紹了干旱給各世界各地帶來的問題。【12題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“ThedroughtiscausingenergyproblemsinEurope,too.Thelowwaterlevelshavecuttheamountofhydroelectricpowerthatcanbeproduced.Someriversaresolowthattheheavyboatsthatcarrycoalcan’ttravelonthem.(干旱也給歐洲帶來了能源問題。低水位減少了可生產(chǎn)的水力發(fā)電量。有些河流水位很低，載煤的重型船只無法在上面航行)”可知，干旱導致有些河流水位降低，從而影響運輸。故選B項。【13題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Chinahasn’tbeenabletoproduceenoughenergy,sincemillionsofpeopleareusingelectricitytokeepcool.Thegovernmentiscallingonthepublictoturnofftheairconditionerwhenitisnottoohot.(中國一直無法生產(chǎn)足夠的能源，因為數(shù)百萬人都在使用電力來降溫。政府呼吁公眾在天氣不太熱的時候關掉空調(diào))”可知，中國通過控制用電來應對干旱。故選D項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Therearenoeasysolutionstoanyofthesedroughts.Ittookyearstocreatetheclimatecrisis,anditwilltakealongtimetogetitundercontrol.(這些干旱都沒有簡單的解決辦法。氣候危機的產(chǎn)生歷時多年，要控制氣候危機也需要很長時間)”可推知，作者對與旱災的斗爭充滿擔憂。故選A項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章介紹了干旱給非洲之角、歐洲、加州、亞利桑那州和中國等多地帶來的問題，由此推知“干旱在世界各地造成問題”是文章最佳標題。故選C項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。TipsforLearningNewTechnologyWeliveinaveryexcitingtime.However,withsuchawealthofresources,theoptionsoflearningnewtechnologycanbeverydifficult._____16_____.WhattolearnThefirststep,whenpickingupanewskill,istodeterminewhattolearn._____17_____.It’simportanttohavethisstrongpassion,asitwillprovideyouwiththenecessaryfuel.Onceyoudecidewhattolearn,reviewingwhatothershavedonewillgiveyouconfidencethatyou,too,candoit!ListenandwatchAsyouexploredeeperintothepoolofknowledge,youwillwanttoaddotherformsofinformation.IencourageyoutobrowsethroughiTunesU._____18_____.Youcanlistentoandwatchwhatyouarelearning.Thisisparticularlyhelpfulforthosewhopreferanacademicsetting.Besides,thereareahandfulofwebsitesthatofferonlineeducationthesedays.____19____Thebestwaytolearnisbydoing.Okay,you’vereadcountlesstutorials,watchedvideos,andhaveabetterunderstandingofthetechnologythatyouhavebeenhopingtolearn.Whatnow?_____20_____.Eventually,thebestwaytolearnisbydoing.Pickapersonalprojectthatyoucanbuildusingthisnewtechnology.A.TimeforactionB.LearntoshareC.It’stimetoputyourknowledgetouseD.IsuggestyoukeepawayfromyourphonesE.ThiscouldbeanythingyouareinterestedinF.ItofferscompleteclassesonavarietyoftopicsG.Thefollowingtipscanhelpyoustartyourlearning【答案】16.G17.E18.F19.A20.C【解析】【導語】本文是是一篇說明文。文章首先指出在資源豐富的今天，選擇學習新技術的途徑可能會很困難，然后給出了幾個建議來幫助讀者開始學習新技術?！?6題詳解】上文“However,withsuchawealthofresources,theoptionsoflearningnewtechnologycanbeverydifficult.

(然而，有著如此豐富的資源，學習新技術的選擇可能會非常困難)”提出學習新的技術面臨困難，后文給出三條建議。G選項“Thefollowingtipscanhelpyoustartyourlearning(以下的建議可以幫助你開始學習)”承上啟下，引出下文的具體建議，下文語意連貫。故選G。【17題詳解】上文“Thefirststep,whenpickingupanewskill,istodeterminewhattolearn.(當學習一項新技能時，第一步是確定要學什么)”提出第一步是確定要學什么，E選項“Thiscouldbeanythingyouareinterestedin(這可以是任何你感興趣的東西)”承接上文，給出了具體的建議，明確要選擇感興趣的東西來學習，上下文語意連貫。故選E?！?8題詳解】上文“IencourageyoutobrowsethroughiTunesU.

(我鼓勵你瀏覽iTunesU)”建議瀏覽iTunesU。F選項“Itofferscompleteclassesonavarietyoftopics(它提供了各種主題的完整課程)”承接上文，說明了iTunesU的優(yōu)點，句中指示代詞“It”指代上文“iTunesU”，上下文語意連貫。故選F。【19題詳解】設空句為段落標題，根據(jù)下文“Thebestwaytolearnisbydoing.(最好的學習方法就是實踐)”可知，本段說明了實踐的重要性，建議行動起來。故A選項“Timeforaction(是時候行動了)”是本段內(nèi)容的概括，是最佳小標題。故選A?！?0題詳解】上文“Okay,you’vereadcountlesstutorials,watchedvideos,andhaveabetterunderstandingofthetechnologythatyouhavebeenhopingtolearn.Whatnow?(好了，你已經(jīng)閱讀了無數(shù)的教程，觀看了視頻，并且對你一直希望學習的技術有了更好的理解?，F(xiàn)在該做什么?)”提到在閱讀了無數(shù)的教程和觀看了視頻后，現(xiàn)在怎么辦？C選項“It’stimetoputyourknowledgetouse(是時候把你的知識運用起來了)”承接上文，作出回答：運用所學知識進行實踐，與小標題呼應，上下文語意連貫。故選C。第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Iwasalwayscomplainingaboutwindorrain.Althoughitwasnothingunusualforthearrivalofwindorrain,itcausedinconvenienceformetogoout,andsometimesitevencreatedanawfulatmosphere,soI____21____itstrongly.Onarainydayameteorologist(氣象學家)Imetwasvery____22____atmygreatangercausedbyrainthatmadealittleinconvenienceforme.Heasked,“Haveyoueverseentyphoon?Doyouknowwhatwouldhappentotheworldiftherewerenotyphoon?”Ishookmyhead.Ihadnoexperienceofhowpowerfulitwaswhenitalmostblewawayeverything____23____itsway.“Well,letmetellyou,”themeteorologistsaid.“Withoutitthe____24____offreshwaterwillbemoreserious,foritisagreat____25____ofwatersupplyonearth.Withoutit,therewouldbeagreaterimbalanceinthedistribution(分布)of____26____.Theequatorial(赤道的)areathatreceivesthemostsunshineonearth____27____entirelyontyphoontodisperse(驅(qū)散)heat.Withouttyphoonthetropics(熱帶地區(qū))wouldbeeven____28____whilethefrigidzonesmuchcolder.Asaresultthetemperatezones(溫帶)would____29____fromtheworld...”Ignorancemademe_____30_____.Idislikedwindonlybecauseitruffled(吹亂)myhair.IhatedrainmerelybecauseIhadtocarryanumbrella.ButIhadnoideaatallthattyphoon—somethingmuchmoreviolent,somethingathousandtimesmore_____31_____thanwindorrain—wasa(n)_____32_____totheexistenceofmankind._____33_____noroadonearthgoesallthewayonlevelground,there’snopersonintheworldwhocandowhateverhepleases.Wrongasitisforpeopletoguardagainsttyphoon,itisadvisableforamantostoptothinkforamomentbeforehecomplains.“_____34_____typhoondisappearedalltogether?Whatwouldtheworldbecomethen?”The_____35_____willkeephimcalmandleadhimclosertotruth—hewillbebetterawareoftheworldhelivesin.21.A.blamed B.refused C.fought D.punished22.A.excited B.delighted C.puzzled D.encouraged23.A.on B.in C.by D.under24.A.supply B.lack C.waste D.amount25.A.power B.resource C.source D.strength26.A.time B.wealth C.energy D.warmth27.A.moves B.depends C.keeps D.holds28.A.better B.cooler C.hotter D.warmer29.A.remove B.move C.disappear D.escape30.A.shortsighted B.anxious C.frightened D.upset31.A.amazing B.appealing C.exciting D.upsetting32.A.success B.advantage C.approach D.must33.A.As B.Since C.While D.When34.A.Whatabout B.Whatif C.Evenif D.Howcome35.A.answers B.theories C.complaints D.mysteries【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.B25.C26.D27.B28.C29.C30.A31.D32.D33.A34.B35.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者對于風雨和臺風的看法轉(zhuǎn)變，從一個總是抱怨風雨帶來不便的人，到了解到臺風對人類生存的重要性，提醒人們在抱怨之前要思考，以更好地理解自己所生活的世界?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管風或雨的到來并不是什么不尋常的事，但它給我出門帶來了不便，有時甚至會造成糟糕的氛圍，所以我強烈地責怪它。A.blamed責備，責怪；B.refused拒絕；C.fought與……作斗爭；D.punished懲罰。根據(jù)上文“itcausedinconvenienceformetogoout,andsometimesitevencreatedanawfulatmosphere”可知，糟糕的天氣給作者帶來了不便，因此作者責怪天氣。故選A項?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在一個雨天，我遇到的一位氣象學家對我因為下雨造成的一點小不便而大發(fā)雷霆感到非常困惑。A.excited興奮的；B.delighted高興的；C.puzzled困惑的；D.encouraged受到鼓舞的。根據(jù)下文“mygreatanger”和“alittleinconvenience”可知，作者為下雨造成的一點不便而大發(fā)雷霆感，由此推知，氣象學家會對此感到困惑。故選C項?！?3題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：我從來沒有經(jīng)歷過，當它幾乎把阻擋它的一切都吹走時，它是多么的勢不可擋。A.on在……上面；B.in在……中；C.by在……旁邊；D.under在……下面。結(jié)合常識和上文“blewawayeverything”可推知，臺風幾乎會刮走阻擋它的一切；inone’sway“妨礙某人；擋了某人的路”。故選B項。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有它，淡水的缺乏將更加嚴重，因為它是地球上水資源的一個巨大來源。A.supply供應；B.lack缺乏；C.waste浪費；D.amount數(shù)量。根據(jù)下文“foritisagreat5ofwatersupplyonearth.”可知，臺風是淡水之源，沒有臺風，淡水的缺乏將更加嚴重。故選B項?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有它，淡水的缺乏將更加嚴重，因為它是地球上水資源的一個巨大來源。A.power力量；B.resource資源；C.source來源；D.strength力氣。根據(jù)下文“watersupplyonearth”可知，臺風是地球上水資源的一個重要來源。故選C項?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有它，熱量的分布將會有更大的不平衡。A.time時間；B.wealth財富；C.energy能量；D.warmth溫暖。根據(jù)下文“Theequatorial(赤道的)areathatreceivesthemostsunshineonearth7entirelyontyphoontodisperse(驅(qū)散)heat.”可知，臺風可以驅(qū)散熱量，所以如果沒有它，熱量的分布將會有更大的不平衡。故選D項?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：地球上接受陽光最多的赤道地區(qū)完全依賴臺風來驅(qū)散熱量。A.moves移動；B.depends依賴；C.keeps保持；D.holds握住。根據(jù)上文“Theequatorial(赤道的)areathatreceivesthemostsunshineonearth”和下文“disperse(驅(qū)散)heat”可推知，赤道地區(qū)完全依賴臺風來驅(qū)散熱量。故選B項。【28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有臺風，熱帶地區(qū)甚至會更熱，而寒冷地區(qū)會更冷。A.better更好的；B.cooler更涼爽的；C.hotter更熱的；D.warmer更溫暖的。根據(jù)上文“Theequatorial(赤道的)areathatreceivesthemostsunshineonearth7entirelyontyphoontodisperse(驅(qū)散)heat.”和下文“thefrigidzonesmuchcolder”可知，赤道地區(qū)完全依賴臺風來驅(qū)散熱量，如果沒有臺風，熱帶地區(qū)甚至會更熱，而寒冷地區(qū)會更冷。故選C項。【29題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：結(jié)果，溫帶將從世界上消失……。A.remove移除；B.move移動；C.disappear消失；D.escape逃跑。根據(jù)上文“Withouttyphoonthetropics(熱帶地區(qū))wouldbeeven8whilethefrigidzonesmuchcolder.”可知，沒臺風來均衡熱量，熱帶會更熱，寒帶會更冷，將沒有中間地帶，溫帶將從世界上消失。故選C項?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：無知使我目光短淺。A.shortsighted目光短淺的；B.anxious焦慮的；C.frightened害怕的；D.upset沮喪的。結(jié)合上文可知作者僅僅因為天氣給自己造成了不便就責備天氣，沒有意識到下雨的重要作用，作者的無知讓他目光短淺。故選A項?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但我完全不知道，臺風——一種比風雨更猛烈、更令人不安的東西——是人類生存的必需品。A.amazing令人驚奇的；B.appealing吸引人的；C.exciting令人興奮的；D.upsetting令人不安的。根據(jù)上文“muchmoreviolent”可知，臺風是比風雨更令人不安的東西。故選D項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但我完全不知道，臺風——一種比風雨更猛烈、更令人不安的東西——是人類生存的必需品。A.success成功；B.advantage優(yōu)點；C.approach方法；D.must必需品。根據(jù)第四段中對臺風作用的介紹和后文“totheexistenceofmankind”可知，臺風是人類生存所必須。故選D項。【33題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：正如世上沒有一條路是完全平坦的，世上也沒有一個人能隨心所欲。A.As正如；B.Since自從；C.While當……時候；D.When當……時候?！皀oroadonearthgoesallthewayonlevelground”和“there’snopersonintheworldwhocandowhateverhepleases”是類比關系，用連詞as表示“正如”，引導比較狀語從句。故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查固定句型辨析。句意：“如果臺風都消失了會怎么樣？那時世界會變成什么樣子？”A.Whatabout……怎么樣；B.Whatif如果……會怎么樣；C.Evenif即使；D.Howcome怎么會這樣。根據(jù)下文“typhoondisappearedalltogether?”可知，這是一種假設：臺風如果全部消失會怎么樣，whatif符合語境。故選B項?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這個答案會讓他保持冷靜，讓他更接近真相——他會更好地了解他所生活的世界。A.answers答案；B.theories理論；C.complaints抱怨；D.mysteries神秘的事物。上文“14typhoondisappearedalltogether?Whatwouldtheworldbecomethen?”提出了兩個問題，所以此處是指問題的答案。故選A項。第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膬?nèi)容或括號內(nèi)單詞的