虛擬語氣在條件句中的用法

關于虛擬語氣在條件句中的用法

I'dratherbeasparrowthanasnail.Yes,Iwould.IfIcould,Isurelywould.

I'dratherbeahammerthananail.Yes,Iwould.IfIonlycould,Isurelywould.

Away,I'drathersailaway/likeaswanthat'shereandgone.Amangetstieduptotheground./Hegivestheworlditssaddestsound,itssaddestsound.

第2頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月I'dratherbeaforestthanastreet.Yes,Iwould.IfIcould,Isurelywould.

I'dratherfeeltheearthbeneathmyfeet.Yes,Iwould.IfIonlycould,Isurelywould.

Away,I'drathersailaway/likeaswanthat'shereandgone.Amangetstieduptotheground./Hegivestheworlditssaddestsound,itssaddestsound第3頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月在if條件句中的用法虛擬語氣!虛擬條件句IfIcould,Isurelywould.IfIonlycould,Isurelywould.

第4頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月Thesubjunctivemood(虛擬語氣)

isusedtoexpressunrealconditionsorwishesthatareagainstthefact,eitheratpresentorinthepast,ortotalkaboutimaginedsituations

inthefuture.

第5頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月條件從句If從句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式現(xiàn)在過去將來過去式(were)haddonewould/could/should/might+V(原)would/could/should/might+havedone1.過去式2.should+V.(原)3.weretodowould/could/should/might+V.(原)

虛擬語氣在if條件句中的用法第6頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月

虛擬條件句的要點

1、虛擬條件句的常態(tài)句

2、虛擬條件句的省略倒裝句

3、混合條件句(錯綜時間條件句)4、含蓄條件句

5、虛實結合第7頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月

1、虛擬條件句的常態(tài)句

第8頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月I

wouldbuyanexpensivecar.

IfIhadalotofmoney,________________________________________看圖說話：用虛擬語氣表達第9頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月IfIwereabird,

Icouldflyinthesky.第10頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月IfI____________busylastnight,I_____________toseethefilmwithyou.hadnotbeenwouldhavegone第11頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月Ifhe

morecarefully,he

thecaraccidentyesterday.

wouldnothavehad

haddriven

第12頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月Ifit____tomorrow,we_________camping.

Ifit________tomorrow,

we________camping.

Ifit________

tomorrow,

we________camping.

rainedwouldn’tgoshouldrain

wouldn’tgoweretorain

wouldn’tgo第13頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月IfIcouldsavetimeinabottle,ThefirstthingthatIwouldliketodowouldbetosaveeverydayuntileternitypassawayjusttospendthemwithyouIfIcouldmakedayslastforeverIfwordscouldmakewishescometrueIwouldsaveeverydaylikeatreasureandthenagainIwouldspendthemwithyou如果我能把時間存入一個瓶子,我要做的第一件事情是，把每一天都存下來直到永恒,再和你一起慢慢度過如果我能把時間化作永恒,如果我的愿望能一一成真我會把每天都像寶貝一樣儲存，再和你一起慢慢度過第14頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月

Oneday,afatherandhislittlesonweregoinghome.Atthisage,theboywasinterestedinallkindsofthingsandwasalwaysaskingquestions.

Now,heasked,"What'sthemeaningoftheword'Drunk',dad?""Well,myson,"hisfatherreplied,“Look,therearetwopolicemenstandingoverthere.IfIregardedthetwopolicemenasfour,Iwouldbedrunk."

"But,dad,"theboysaid,"there'sonlyONEpoliceman!"

Whatcanweinferfromthedialogue?A.Thefathermusthavebeendrunk.B.Thesonwasratherstupid.C.Thesonwasgoodatfindingother’smistakes.D.Thefatherwasapoliceman.

√第15頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月

2、虛擬條件句的省略倒裝句如果虛擬條件句的謂語部分有were，had和should時，可省略if，把were，had和should放到從句主語前面去，構成倒裝，多見于書面語。①省略if②把were，had或should提前構成：第16頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月Ifhehadknownyourtelephonenumberyesterday,hewouldhavetelephonedyou.=

Hadheknownyourtelephonenumberyesterday,hewouldhavetelephonedyou.IfIwereinyourposition,Iwoulddoitbetter.=

WereIinyourposition,Iwoulddoitbetter.Ifitshouldrain,thecropswouldbesaved.=Shoulditrain,thecropswouldbesaved.Ifitwerenotfortheexpense,IwouldgotoParis.=Wereitnotfortheexpense,IwouldgotoParis.第17頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月WereIyou,

Iwouldtryitagain.=IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.Hadhebeenthereyesterday,

hewouldhaveseenthefilm.=Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.Shoulditsnowtomorrow,

wewouldn’tgoout.=Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.第18頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月_______fiveminutesearlier,youcouldhaveseenthemoff.A.Ifyoushouldarrive B.IfyouarriveC.Hadyouarrived D.Shouldyouarrive________itraintomorrow,weshouldputoffthevisittotheScienceMuseum.A.couldB.shouldC.wouldD.might第19頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月3、混合條件句(錯綜時間條件句)

當條件從句謂語動詞與主句謂語動詞所表的時間不一致時，虛擬語氣的形式應作相應的調(diào)整。主句和從句的謂語動詞并不相互呼應，這種條件句叫混合條件句。較多見的混合型條件句是從句用過去完成時（指過去行為），而主句用一般時（指目前狀態(tài)）。第20頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月★如果你之前努力學習了，你現(xiàn)在就是一名大學生，四年后就會大學畢業(yè)了。

Ifyouhadstudiedhardbefore,youwouldbeacollegestudentnow,andyouwouldgraduatefromacollegeinfouryears.★如果你采納了她的建議，你現(xiàn)在就會是個百萬富翁了。

Ifyouhadtakenheradvice,youwouldbeamillionairenow.★假如我是你，我當時就會采納她的建議。

IfIwereyou

,

Iwouldhavetakenheradvicethen.第21頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月

LittleRobertaskedhismotherfortwocents."WhatdidyoudowiththemoneyIgaveyouyesterday?",Motherasked."Igaveittoapooroldwoman,"heanswered."You'reagoodboy,"saidthemotherproudly."Herearetwocentsmore.Butwhyareyousointerestedintheoldwoman?"“Ifshehadnotbeentheonewhosoldthecandy,IwouldnothavegivenhermymoneyandIwouldnotbesointerestedinher.”heanswered.

Whatcanweknowfromthispassage?A.Robertpaidtheoldwomanforthecandy.B.Robertwasagoodboy.C.TheoldwomangaveRobertthecandyforfree.D.Theoldwomandidn’tsellthecandy.√第22頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月Dentist:I'msorry,Madam,butIshallhavetochargeyoutwentydollarsforpullingyourboy'stooth.Women:Twentydollars!Why，Iunderstandyoutosaythatyou’llchargeonlyfourdollarsforsuchwork!Dentist:Yes,ifyoursonhadn’tyelledsoterribly,Iwouldhavefourotherpatientsnow.

Whatdoesthedentistmean?

A.Theboydidn’tyellbecausehewasbrave.B.Thedentistwantstoaskforhisloss.C.Hewillhavefourotherpatients.D.Hehasfourotherpatientsnow.√第23頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月4、含蓄條件句

虛擬條件句中的條件從句有時不表出來，只暗含在上下文中，這種句子叫做含蓄條件句。

含蓄條件句大體有兩種情況:

①條件暗含在介詞短語連詞副詞如without,butfor,but,or,otherwise中②條件暗含在上下文中

解題時要把握語境，分析與何種事實（過去、現(xiàn)在和將來）相反。第24頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月Withoutair,wewouldnotliveevenforfiveminutes._________________,wewouldnotliveevenforfiveminutes.Butforthestorm,weshouldhavearrivedearlier.__________________________,weshouldhavearrivedearlier.Jackcan’thavearrivedyet;otherwisehewouldhavetelephonedme.=Jackcan’thavearrivedyet;____________,hewouldhavetelephonedme.

=Iftherewerenoair=Ifithadnotbeenforthestormifhehadarrived

①條件暗含在介詞短語連詞副詞中。第25頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月

②條件暗含在上下文中。

Youmightstayhereforever.

(可能暗含ifyouwantedto)Wewouldhavesucceeded.

(可能暗含ifwehadkepttrying)Yourreputationwouldberuined.

(可能暗含ifyoushouldacceptit)Iwouldappreciatealittleofyourtime.

(可能暗含ifyouweresokindastogivemealittleofyourtime)第26頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月Customer:Waiter,thislobster(龍蝦)hasonlyoneclaw（鉗）.

Waiter:I'msorry.Itmusthavebeenaloserinafight,oritwouldhavetwoclaws

now.

Customer:Well,bringmethewinnerthen.

Whatcanwelearnfromthisdialogue?A.Thelobsterlostoneclawinafight.B.Thelobsterwillgettwoclawsinafight.C.Thewaiterwantstofindanexcuseforthemistake.D.Thelobsterhastwoclawsnow.√第27頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月

5、虛實結合在同一個情境下，兼有對虛擬和真實情況的描述第28頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewe____moreplacesofinterestyesterday.（2012福建）

A.visitedB.hadvisitedC.wouldvisitD.wouldhavevisitedSorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfI____time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.(2012湖南)A.havehadB.hadhadC.haveD.hadDD真實情況虛擬情況真實情況虛擬情況第29頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月They___twofreeticketstoCanada,otherwisethey’dneverhavebeenabletoaffordtogo.(2007山東)A.hadgotB.gotC.havegotD.get—DoyouthinkGeorgehaspassedthedrivingtest?—No.Ifso,he_____hiscartoourcollegeyesterday.【2013福建30】A.woulddrive B.droveC.wouldhavedriven D.haddriven—Itrainedcatsanddogsthismorning.I’mgladwetookanumbrella.—Yeah,wewouldhavegotwetalloverifwe_______.【2013重慶29】A.hadn’tB.haven'tC.didn'tD.don't第30頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月第31頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月ResponseAbilityAnewspaperorganizedacontestforthebestanswertothequestion:“IfafirebrokeoutintheLouvre(盧浮宮),andifyoucouldonlysaveonepainting,whichonewouldyoucarryout?"Whichofthefollowingdoyouthinkisthethewinningreply

?A.Theonenearesttheexit.B.Themostexpensiveone.C.Thelightestone.D.Theoldestone.第32頁,共39頁，星期六，2024年，5月

NewDiscoveryAhillbilly（鄉(xiāng)下人）wasvisitingthebigcityforthefirsttime.Enteringanofficebuilding,hesawapudgy（矮胖的）olderwomanstepintoasmallroom.Thedoorsclosed,lightsflashed,andafterawhilethedoorslidopenandabeautifulyoungmodelsteppedofftheelevator.

Blinkinginamazement,thehillbillydrawled(慢吞吞地說),"Ishouldhavebroughtmywife!“

Whichofthefollowingiswrongaccordingtothepassage?

A.Thehillbillyknewlittleaboutthebigcity.B.Hiswifewasnotattractiveenough.C.Hiswifecouldn’tbemorebeautiful.D.Hebelievedhiswifewouldbecomeyoung