高考英語一輪復習練案39選修7Modules5-6EthnicCulture TheWorldsCulturalHeritage練習含解析外研版

一輪復習精品資料(高中)PAGEPAGE1選修七Modules5－6EthnicCulture&TheWorld'sCulturalHeritageⅠ.完形填空(2020·吉林省吉林市高中畢業(yè)班第一次調測)WhenIbecameajunior,IdecidedtotakeLatinatschool.Iwasso1.Cabouttakingthatclass,andIwasfullyexpectingtobeableto2.DeverywordI'devercomeacrossonceIlearnedLatin.ButLatinclasswasso3.B.Eachday,theteacherMr.Keadywouldaskustoopenour4.DandrecitealoudthevariousLatinformsofwords.Thisbecamethe5.Aeveryday.Thatwasuntilmyhand6.Doneafternoonwhenwewereaskedyetagaintoopenourbooks.WhenMr.Keadyaskedwhatwaswrong,I7.BwhyIthoughtthathisclasswasdull,howIhadexpectedmore,andthathismethodofteachingwas8.C.WhenIfinishedspeaking,I9.AMr.Keadytoangrilysendmetotheheadteacher.Butinstead,hesatathisdeskquietly,lookingdefeatedandtired.Afterseveralmomentsof10.B，Mr.Keadyspoke.Hequietlyandfirmlysaidthathewould11.CcarefullyaboutwhatI'dsaid.Andthatwasit.Inthefollowingweeks,Latinclassdidn'tbecometheexcitinglearningenvironmentI12.Ditwould,butMr.Keadydidtryharder.Hebroughtinsomenewworksheetsand13.Atoinvolveusstudentsmoreinhisclasses.Maybesomepeoplewould14.BwhatIdid,butevensomanyyearslater,Ifeelbadaboutit.IfIsawhimnow,I'dtellhimhowI15.AwhatI'ddonethatdayinclass,andthatIwasdisrespectful.Andatthesametime,I'dalsotellhimthathetaughtmeawonderful16.Cthatday.Followingmy17.Awords,heshowedmethatbeing18.Bdoesn'tmeanyouhavetogiveawayyourdignity.Indeed,Mr.Keady's19.Dprovedthatnomatterhowhurtyoufeel,noonecan20.Cyourdignity.文章大意：本文為一篇敘議結合的文章。講述了作者在拉丁語課堂上，因為認為老師教學方法枯燥而當場提出意見。盡管老師很傷自尊，但是在隨后的教學中努力地改變自己的教學方式。多年以后，作者反思自己的做法，對不尊重老師的行為感到后悔。同時也從老師身上學到了一個道理：不管如何受到傷害，都不要放棄自己的尊嚴。1．A.curious B.worriedC．excited D.careful〖解析〗根據(jù)下句“Iwasfullyexpecting”可推知，作者對上這門課持有一種積極態(tài)度，對此是感到興奮的，因此選C項最為恰當。2．A.connect B．describeC.notice D.understand〖解析〗根據(jù)常識可推知，作者因為特別期待這門拉丁語課程，所以希望自己能理解遇到的每個單詞，因此〖答案〗為D。3．A.complicated B．boringC.difficult D.easy〖解析〗此句與上一段構成轉折關系，而且由后文第三段“whyIthoughtthathisclasswasdull”可知，拉丁課是無趣的，因此〖答案〗為B。4．A.eyes B．mouthsC．schoolbags D．books〖解析〗由后文“whenwewereaskedyetagaintoopenourbooks.”可知，老師是讓我們打開書，大聲背誦拉丁詞匯，故選D。5．A.routine B.businessC．game D.project〖解析〗由上句可知，每天老師都要求我們打開書背拉丁詞匯，這成了一種慣例，因此〖答案〗為A。routine常規(guī)，慣例。6．A.spreadout B.reachedoutC.setup D.shotup〖解析〗由下文老師問作者“what'swrong？”可推斷出，老師因為看見作者舉手了，才對他進行了詢問，因此選D。one'shandshootsup(手)舉起。spreadout展開；reachout伸出；setup建立。7．A.admitted B.explainedC．doubted D．wondered〖解析〗由句意可知，此處為“我”向老師解釋了“我”為什么認為他的課無聊。故選B。8．A.funny B.regularC．old-fashioned D.unfamiliar〖解析〗由上半句“whyIthoughtthathisclasswasdull”以及結合上文可知，此處作者對老師的教學方式是不滿的，認為這種教學方式是過時的，因此選C。9．A.expected B.remindedC．a(chǎn)llowed D.advised〖解析〗根據(jù)下句的轉折可知，此處意思為作者預料老師會做出怎樣的反應，因此〖答案〗為A。10．A.practice B.silenceC．debate D.criticism〖解析〗由上句“hesatathisdeskquietly”可知，此處表示一段時間的沉默。故選B。11．A.consult B．talkC．think D．learn〖解析〗由此句中老師平靜但堅定的語氣以及下文老師講課方面的改變可知此處應表示：老師說他會認真考慮“我”說的內容。故選C。thinkabout考慮。12．A.suggested B.promisedC．decided D.hoped〖解析〗由上下文可知，作者希望、期望老師的教學方式能夠改變，故選D。13．A.tried B.happenedC．managed D．failed〖解析〗與上半句的“broughtinsomenewworksheets”有承接關系，此處表示老師努力促進同學們積極參與課堂活動，因此〖答案〗為A；而從上文“Inthefollowingweeks,Latinclassdidn'tbecometheexcitinglearningenvironmentIhopeditwould,butMr.Keadydidtryharder.”可知，老師盡管努力改變，但并不是很成功，故排除C。14．A.blame B.applaudC．recall D．ignore〖解析〗blame責備，譴責；applaud拍手喝彩，稱贊；recall回憶，回想；ignore不理睬。由下句的轉折可推知此處表示：或許有些人會為我做的事情喝彩。故選B。15．A.regretted B.appreciatedC．believed D．feared〖解析〗由上一段“IfeelbadaboutwhatIdidit.”可知，作者對此是感到后悔的，因此〖答案〗為A。16．A.experience B.theoryC．lesson D.principle〖解析〗由下文作者對尊嚴的感悟可知，老師給作者上了精彩的一課，教給作者一個人生的道理，故選C。17．A.unkind B．impatientC．curious D.proud〖解析〗由上文可知，作者當著全班學生的面，指責他講的課無聊，對他的教學方式表示不滿意，所以對老師來說，這是“不友好的”話語，故選A。18．A.stopped B.woundedC．celebrated D.judged〖解析〗由上文老師的態(tài)度以及下一段“nomatterhowhurtyoufeel”內容可知，被傷害并不意味著放棄了尊嚴。故選B。19．A.answer B.solutionC．decision D.response〖解析〗由上一句“Followingmyunkindwords,heshowedmethat...”可知，此處是指老師對作者無禮言語的回應，因此〖答案〗為D。20．A.takeover B.taketoC．takeaway D.takeup〖解析〗這里對應上一段的“being18doesn'tmeanyouhavetogiveawayyourdignity”。takeaway拿走，剝奪；takeover接管；taketo喜歡；takeup拿起，開始從事，占據(jù)(時間、地方)，繼續(xù)，接受(挑戰(zhàn)等)。故選C。Ⅱ.閱讀理解A(2021·廣東省汕尾市普高高三質檢)Postmates,anAmericandeliverycompany,hasbuiltarobot,calledServe,whichwasdesignedtomakeshort-distancedeliveriesincities.Toknowwhat'sgoingon,Servehasalaserradar(激光雷達)sensorontop,inwhichspinninglasersletitdetectobjectsarounditandknowhowfarawaytheyare.Also,behindeachartificialeyeisacamera,withsixmoreimagingdevicesspreadaroundtherobot.InsideitisanothersensorthatallowsPostmatestoknowifthereisapackageinthere.“Oneofourkeydecisionsearlyonwastorelyheavilyontherobot'sabilitytoseetheenvironment，”saysAliKashani,thevicepresidentforroboticsatPostmates.Sincethesidewalkis“averychaoticenvironment”，hepointsout,therobotneedstobeabletotakeitallinandfigureoutwhattodo.Thisrobot,andmanylikeit,alsomustbeabletosignaltheirintentionstothepedestrians.Forthat，ithasanumberofapproaches.Oneisusingitseyes;anotherisacolorfullightringthatgoesaroundthetop.“Whenitwantstomakewayforapedestrian,itwilluseitseyesandlookdown，”heexplains.Itcanalsousethelightsonthetopasaturnsignal，whichisobvious,andalsolookleftandrightwhenit'sturningleftandright.“Usingeyemovementsandothersilentsignalsisagoodidea，”saysAaronSteinfeld,aprofessoronhuman-robotinteraction(互動)．ServeisintendedforsidewalksandSteinfeldsaysthatenvironmentischallenging.Peopleusuallywalkfastwhilestaringatasmartphone.Forarobot，that'salot.“Wehaveactiveresearchonrobotmovingsociallyaroundwalkingpeople，”hesays,“andit'sreallytrickytodothiswell.”“PostmatesplanstouseServeinLosAngelesatfirst,andthatitsintendedtaskistomovesmallobjectsovershortdistances”.Therobotcantravel30milesononechargeandisabletocarry50pounds.文章大意：這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了一種可以在城市中進行短距離投遞的機器人。1．WhatwasServedesignedfor？BA．Objectdetection.B．Packagetransportation.C．Environmentprotection.D．Short-distancecommunication.〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。由第一段“Postmates,anAmericandeliverycompany,hasbuiltarobot,calledServe,whichwasdesignedtomakeshort-distancedeliveriesincities.”可知，美國快遞公司Postmates已經(jīng)制造了一款名為“Serve”的機器人，該機器人的設計宗旨是在城市中進行短距離投遞。所以Serve被設計用來包裹運輸。故選B項。2．WhatischallengingtoServe？CA．Movingobjects.B．Sendingsilentsignals.C．Sidewalkenvironment.D．Pedestrianrecognition.〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段“ServeisintendedforsidewalksandSteinfeldsaysthatenvironmentischallenging.”可知，Serve是專為通過人行道而設計的，人行道的環(huán)境對于Serve是一個巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。故選C項。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph3referto？BA．Callingotherrobots.B．Signalingtothepeoplenearby.C．Makingwayforthepedestrians.D．Turningonthecolorfullightring.〖解析〗詞句猜測題。由第三段“Thisrobot,andmanylikeit,alsomustbeabletosignaltheirintentionstothepedestrians.Forthat，ithasanumberofapproaches.”可知，這個機器人，以及許多類似機器人，也必須能夠向行人示意它們的意圖。為此，它有許多方法。所以通過上下文的語境可以判斷出，第3段下劃線的“that”指的是示意附近的人。故選B項。4．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext？AA．Tointroduceanewrobot.B．Toexplainhuman-robotinteraction.C．Topresentdifferentopinionsonhi-tech.D．ToadvertiseanAmericandeliverycompany.〖解析〗推理判斷題。通讀全文尤其是第一段“Postmates,anAmericandeliverycompany,hasbuiltarobot,calledServe,whichwasdesignedtomakeshort-distancedeliveriesincities.”可知，美國快遞公司Postmates已經(jīng)制造了一款名為“Serve”的機器人，該機器人的設計宗旨是在城市中進行短距離投遞，以及下文對于這個機器人的具體介紹可以判斷出，作者寫這篇短文的目的就是為了介紹一款新型的機器人。故選A項。BSomethinginchocolatecouldbeusedtostopcoughsandleadtomoreeffectivemedicines,sayUKresearchers.Theirstudyfoundthattheobromine,foundincocoa,wasnearlyathirdmoreeffectiveinstoppingcoughsthancodeine,whichwasconsideredthebestcoughmedicineatpresent.TheImperialCollegeLondonresearcherswhopublishedtheirresultsonlinesaidthediscoverycouldleadtomoreeffectivecoughtreatment.“Whilecoughingisnotnecessarilyharmful,itcanhaveamajoreffectonthequalityoflife,andthisdiscoverycouldbeahugestepforwardintreatingthisproblem，”saidProfessorPeterBarnes.Tenhealthyvolunteersweregiventheobromine,codeineorplacebo,apillthatcontainsnomedicine,duringtheexperiment.Neitherthevolunteersnortheresearchersknewwhoreceivedwhichpill.Theresearchersthenmeasuredlevelsofcapsaicin(辣椒素),whichisusedinresearchtocausecoughingandasasignofhowwellthemedicinesarestoppingcoughs.Theteamfoundthat,whenthevolunteersweregiventheobromine,thecapsaicinneededtoproduceacoughwasaroundathirdhigherthanintheplacebogroup.Whentheyweregivencodeinetheyneedonlyslightlyhigherleversofcapsaicintocauseacoughcomparedwiththeplacebo.Theresearcherssaidthattheobromineworkedbykeepingdownanerveactivity(神經(jīng)活動),whichcausedcoughing.Theyalsofoundthatunlikesomestandardcoughtreatments,theobrominecausednosideeffectssuchassleepiness.文章大意：這是一篇科普性讀物。選材于醫(yī)學的某一方面的研究——對巧克力中theobromine(可可堿)獨特的治療咳嗽的功效的對比研究，證明theobromine(可可堿)是未來有效的治療咳嗽的良藥。5．AccordingtoProfessorBarnes,theobromineD.A．cannotbeaseffectiveascodeineB．canbeharmfultopeople'shealthC．cannotbeseparatedfromchocolateD．canbeamoreeffectivecureforcoughs〖解析〗推理判斷題。從第二段的“Theirstudyfoundthattheobromine,foundincocoa,wasnearlyathirdmoreeffectiveinstoppingcoughsthancodeine,whichwasconsideredthebestcoughmedicineatpresent.”可看出theobromine比codeine更有效，判斷A項錯誤。既然它用來止咳，改善人們的生活質量，所以B項錯誤。在第一段提到了theobromine是從chocolate里提煉出來的，所以C項錯誤。故正確〖答案〗是D項。6．Whatwasusedintheexperimenttocausecoughing？CA．Theobromine. B．Codeine.C．Capsaicin. D．Placebo.〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。A、B、D三項中的物品是用來做實驗的物品。在文章第四段最后一句“Theresearchersthenmeasuredlevelsofcapsaicin(辣椒素),whichisusedinresearchtocausecoughingandasasignofhowwellthemedicinesarestoppingcoughs.”可知capsaicin用來引起咳嗽和作為這些藥物如何止咳的依據(jù)。故選C。7．WelearnfromthetextthatvolunteersintheexperimentB.A．werepatientswithbadcoughsB．weredividedintothethreegroupsC．receivedstandardtreatmentsD．sufferedlittlesideeffects〖解析〗推理判斷題。從第四段首句“Tenhealthyvolunteersweregiventheobromine,codeineorplacebo,apillthatcontainsnomedicine,duringtheexperiment.”可知實驗中每組人吃一種所給的物品才能看出止咳的效果。故需要三組志愿者。故選B。8．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?BA．Codeine:ANewMedicineB．ChocolateMayCureCoughsC．CoughTreatment:AHardCaseD．TheobromineCanCauseCoughs〖解析〗標題判斷題。本文主要介紹chocolate中含有的一種成分theobromine能有很好的止咳效果。所以該題的正確〖答案〗為B。Ⅲ.短文改錯假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加，刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用(\)劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。(2021·河南省南陽市一中月考)Smokingiswidespreadhabitevenamongteenagestudents.Thenumberofyoungsmokersareincreasing.Itisestimatedthatover10%oftheseniorhighschoolstudentshavetriedsmokingonceormoreandsomeofthemevenstealmoneyfromtheirparenttobuycigarettes,thatisterrible.Asitisknowntoall,smokingisharmfulforhealth.Andit'sevenmoreharmfultoteenagestudentsforitdoesgreatlyharmnotonlytotheirhealthbutalsototheirmind.Teenagestudentsarefuturebuildersofthecountry.Theyshouldspendtheirtimelearnwhatisusefulbutkeepahealthylifestyleaswell.Soit'shightimethatteenagesmokersmakeuptheirmindstogiveupsmoking.〖答案〗Smokingiseq\o(∧,\s\do8(a))widespreadhabitevenamongteenagestudents.Thenumberofyoungsmokerseq\o(are,\s\do8(is))increasing.Itisestimatedthatover10%oftheseniorhighschoolstudentshavetriedsmokingonceormoreandsomeofthemevenstealmoneyfromtheireq\o(parent,\s\do8(parents))tobuycigarettes,eq\o(that,\s\do8(which))isterrible.Asitisknowntoall,smokingisharmfuleq\o(for,\s\do8(to))health.Andit'sevenmoreharmfultoteenagestudentsforitdoeseq\o(greatly,\s\do8(great))harmnotonlytotheirhealthbutalsototheirmind.Teenagestudentsarefuturebuildersofthecountry.Theyshouldspendtheirtimeeq\o(learn,\s\do8(learning))whatisusefuleq\o(but,\s\do8(and))keepahealthylifestyleaswell.Soit'shightimethatteenagesmokerseq\o(make,\s\do8(made或前加should))uptheirmindstogiveupsmoking.文章大意：本文是一篇議論文，介紹了吸煙對年輕學生的危害，不僅會傷害年輕人的健康，而且還會傷害他們的思想，呼吁年輕學生戒煙?！冀馕觥?．考查不定冠詞。句意：吸煙是一個甚至在年輕學生中也廣泛傳播的習慣。表示抽煙是一個習慣，句中名詞habit是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，所以要使用不定冠詞泛指一個習慣。故要在is后面加a。2．考查主謂一致。句意：年輕吸煙者的數(shù)量一直在上升。名詞短語thenumberof...意為“……的數(shù)量”，其后謂語動詞應該用單數(shù)形式。所以要把are改為is。3．考查名詞復數(shù)形式。句意：一些高中生甚至從他們父母親那里偷錢買煙。由句中their可知，后面要接可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)形式，這里應該用復數(shù)形式parents。所以要把parent改為parents。4．考查定語從句。句意：一些高中生甚至從他們父母親那里偷錢買煙，這真是太糟糕了。我們不能用that引導非限定性定語從句，應該用which指代一句話的內容，引導非限制性定語從句。所以要把that改為which。5．考查定語從句。句意同上。本句是一個由as引導的非限定性定語從句，as指代后面的主句，it多余。所以要刪除it。6．考查固定短語。句意：眾所周知，吸煙有害健康。固定搭配beharmfulto意為“對……有害”。所以要把for改為to。7．考查形容詞。句意：吸煙對年輕學生更加有害，因為它不僅極大的傷害他們的健康，還傷害了他們的思維。在英語中通常使用形容詞做定語修飾名詞。所以本句中用形容詞形式great修飾限定名詞harm。故要把greatly改為great。8．考查固定句型。句意：他們應該把時間花在學習有用的知識和保持健康的生活方式上。考查了spendsometime(in)doingsth.這一固定句式結構。所有要把learn改為learning。9．考查連詞。句意：同上。根據(jù)句意可知本句表示并列關系，此處用and連接兩個并列謂語。所以要把but改為and。10．考查虛擬語氣。句意：所以是年輕人下定決心戒煙的時候了。該句應該使用虛擬語氣，其結構為：Itis(high)timethatsb.did/shoulddosth.，所以要把make改為made或在make前加should。選修七Modules5－6EthnicCulture&TheWorld'sCulturalHeritageⅠ.完形填空(2020·吉林省吉林市高中畢業(yè)班第一次調測)WhenIbecameajunior,IdecidedtotakeLatinatschool.Iwasso1.Cabouttakingthatclass,andIwasfullyexpectingtobeableto2.DeverywordI'devercomeacrossonceIlearnedLatin.ButLatinclasswasso3.B.Eachday,theteacherMr.Keadywouldaskustoopenour4.DandrecitealoudthevariousLatinformsofwords.Thisbecamethe5.Aeveryday.Thatwasuntilmyhand6.Doneafternoonwhenwewereaskedyetagaintoopenourbooks.WhenMr.Keadyaskedwhatwaswrong,I7.BwhyIthoughtthathisclasswasdull,howIhadexpectedmore,andthathismethodofteachingwas8.C.WhenIfinishedspeaking,I9.AMr.Keadytoangrilysendmetotheheadteacher.Butinstead,hesatathisdeskquietly,lookingdefeatedandtired.Afterseveralmomentsof10.B，Mr.Keadyspoke.Hequietlyandfirmlysaidthathewould11.CcarefullyaboutwhatI'dsaid.Andthatwasit.Inthefollowingweeks,Latinclassdidn'tbecometheexcitinglearningenvironmentI12.Ditwould,butMr.Keadydidtryharder.Hebroughtinsomenewworksheetsand13.Atoinvolveusstudentsmoreinhisclasses.Maybesomepeoplewould14.BwhatIdid,butevensomanyyearslater,Ifeelbadaboutit.IfIsawhimnow,I'dtellhimhowI15.AwhatI'ddonethatdayinclass,andthatIwasdisrespectful.Andatthesametime,I'dalsotellhimthathetaughtmeawonderful16.Cthatday.Followingmy17.Awords,heshowedmethatbeing18.Bdoesn'tmeanyouhavetogiveawayyourdignity.Indeed,Mr.Keady's19.Dprovedthatnomatterhowhurtyoufeel,noonecan20.Cyourdignity.文章大意：本文為一篇敘議結合的文章。講述了作者在拉丁語課堂上，因為認為老師教學方法枯燥而當場提出意見。盡管老師很傷自尊，但是在隨后的教學中努力地改變自己的教學方式。多年以后，作者反思自己的做法，對不尊重老師的行為感到后悔。同時也從老師身上學到了一個道理：不管如何受到傷害，都不要放棄自己的尊嚴。1．A.curious B.worriedC．excited D.careful〖解析〗根據(jù)下句“Iwasfullyexpecting”可推知，作者對上這門課持有一種積極態(tài)度，對此是感到興奮的，因此選C項最為恰當。2．A.connect B．describeC.notice D.understand〖解析〗根據(jù)常識可推知，作者因為特別期待這門拉丁語課程，所以希望自己能理解遇到的每個單詞，因此〖答案〗為D。3．A.complicated B．boringC.difficult D.easy〖解析〗此句與上一段構成轉折關系，而且由后文第三段“whyIthoughtthathisclasswasdull”可知，拉丁課是無趣的，因此〖答案〗為B。4．A.eyes B．mouthsC．schoolbags D．books〖解析〗由后文“whenwewereaskedyetagaintoopenourbooks.”可知，老師是讓我們打開書，大聲背誦拉丁詞匯，故選D。5．A.routine B.businessC．game D.project〖解析〗由上句可知，每天老師都要求我們打開書背拉丁詞匯，這成了一種慣例，因此〖答案〗為A。routine常規(guī)，慣例。6．A.spreadout B.reachedoutC.setup D.shotup〖解析〗由下文老師問作者“what'swrong？”可推斷出，老師因為看見作者舉手了，才對他進行了詢問，因此選D。one'shandshootsup(手)舉起。spreadout展開；reachout伸出；setup建立。7．A.admitted B.explainedC．doubted D．wondered〖解析〗由句意可知，此處為“我”向老師解釋了“我”為什么認為他的課無聊。故選B。8．A.funny B.regularC．old-fashioned D.unfamiliar〖解析〗由上半句“whyIthoughtthathisclasswasdull”以及結合上文可知，此處作者對老師的教學方式是不滿的，認為這種教學方式是過時的，因此選C。9．A.expected B.remindedC．a(chǎn)llowed D.advised〖解析〗根據(jù)下句的轉折可知，此處意思為作者預料老師會做出怎樣的反應，因此〖答案〗為A。10．A.practice B.silenceC．debate D.criticism〖解析〗由上句“hesatathisdeskquietly”可知，此處表示一段時間的沉默。故選B。11．A.consult B．talkC．think D．learn〖解析〗由此句中老師平靜但堅定的語氣以及下文老師講課方面的改變可知此處應表示：老師說他會認真考慮“我”說的內容。故選C。thinkabout考慮。12．A.suggested B.promisedC．decided D.hoped〖解析〗由上下文可知，作者希望、期望老師的教學方式能夠改變，故選D。13．A.tried B.happenedC．managed D．failed〖解析〗與上半句的“broughtinsomenewworksheets”有承接關系，此處表示老師努力促進同學們積極參與課堂活動，因此〖答案〗為A；而從上文“Inthefollowingweeks,Latinclassdidn'tbecometheexcitinglearningenvironmentIhopeditwould,butMr.Keadydidtryharder.”可知，老師盡管努力改變，但并不是很成功，故排除C。14．A.blame B.applaudC．recall D．ignore〖解析〗blame責備，譴責；applaud拍手喝彩，稱贊；recall回憶，回想；ignore不理睬。由下句的轉折可推知此處表示：或許有些人會為我做的事情喝彩。故選B。15．A.regretted B.appreciatedC．believed D．feared〖解析〗由上一段“IfeelbadaboutwhatIdidit.”可知，作者對此是感到后悔的，因此〖答案〗為A。16．A.experience B.theoryC．lesson D.principle〖解析〗由下文作者對尊嚴的感悟可知，老師給作者上了精彩的一課，教給作者一個人生的道理，故選C。17．A.unkind B．impatientC．curious D.proud〖解析〗由上文可知，作者當著全班學生的面，指責他講的課無聊，對他的教學方式表示不滿意，所以對老師來說，這是“不友好的”話語，故選A。18．A.stopped B.woundedC．celebrated D.judged〖解析〗由上文老師的態(tài)度以及下一段“nomatterhowhurtyoufeel”內容可知，被傷害并不意味著放棄了尊嚴。故選B。19．A.answer B.solutionC．decision D.response〖解析〗由上一句“Followingmyunkindwords,heshowedmethat...”可知，此處是指老師對作者無禮言語的回應，因此〖答案〗為D。20．A.takeover B.taketoC．takeaway D.takeup〖解析〗這里對應上一段的“being18doesn'tmeanyouhavetogiveawayyourdignity”。takeaway拿走，剝奪；takeover接管；taketo喜歡；takeup拿起，開始從事，占據(jù)(時間、地方)，繼續(xù)，接受(挑戰(zhàn)等)。故選C。Ⅱ.閱讀理解A(2021·廣東省汕尾市普高高三質檢)Postmates,anAmericandeliverycompany,hasbuiltarobot,calledServe,whichwasdesignedtomakeshort-distancedeliveriesincities.Toknowwhat'sgoingon,Servehasalaserradar(激光雷達)sensorontop,inwhichspinninglasersletitdetectobjectsarounditandknowhowfarawaytheyare.Also,behindeachartificialeyeisacamera,withsixmoreimagingdevicesspreadaroundtherobot.InsideitisanothersensorthatallowsPostmatestoknowifthereisapackageinthere.“Oneofourkeydecisionsearlyonwastorelyheavilyontherobot'sabilitytoseetheenvironment，”saysAliKashani,thevicepresidentforroboticsatPostmates.Sincethesidewalkis“averychaoticenvironment”，hepointsout,therobotneedstobeabletotakeitallinandfigureoutwhattodo.Thisrobot,andmanylikeit,alsomustbeabletosignaltheirintentionstothepedestrians.Forthat，ithasanumberofapproaches.Oneisusingitseyes;anotherisacolorfullightringthatgoesaroundthetop.“Whenitwantstomakewayforapedestrian,itwilluseitseyesandlookdown，”heexplains.Itcanalsousethelightsonthetopasaturnsignal，whichisobvious,andalsolookleftandrightwhenit'sturningleftandright.“Usingeyemovementsandothersilentsignalsisagoodidea，”saysAaronSteinfeld,aprofessoronhuman-robotinteraction(互動)．ServeisintendedforsidewalksandSteinfeldsaysthatenvironmentischallenging.Peopleusuallywalkfastwhilestaringatasmartphone.Forarobot，that'salot.“Wehaveactiveresearchonrobotmovingsociallyaroundwalkingpeople，”hesays,“andit'sreallytrickytodothiswell.”“PostmatesplanstouseServeinLosAngelesatfirst,andthatitsintendedtaskistomovesmallobjectsovershortdistances”.Therobotcantravel30milesononechargeandisabletocarry50pounds.文章大意：這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了一種可以在城市中進行短距離投遞的機器人。1．WhatwasServedesignedfor？BA．Objectdetection.B．Packagetransportation.C．Environmentprotection.D．Short-distancecommunication.〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。由第一段“Postmates,anAmericandeliverycompany,hasbuiltarobot,calledServe,whichwasdesignedtomakeshort-distancedeliveriesincities.”可知，美國快遞公司Postmates已經(jīng)制造了一款名為“Serve”的機器人，該機器人的設計宗旨是在城市中進行短距離投遞。所以Serve被設計用來包裹運輸。故選B項。2．WhatischallengingtoServe？CA．Movingobjects.B．Sendingsilentsignals.C．Sidewalkenvironment.D．Pedestrianrecognition.〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第二段“ServeisintendedforsidewalksandSteinfeldsaysthatenvironmentischallenging.”可知，Serve是專為通過人行道而設計的，人行道的環(huán)境對于Serve是一個巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。故選C項。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph3referto？BA．Callingotherrobots.B．Signalingtothepeoplenearby.C．Makingwayforthepedestrians.D．Turningonthecolorfullightring.〖解析〗詞句猜測題。由第三段“Thisrobot,andmanylikeit,alsomustbeabletosignaltheirintentionstothepedestrians.Forthat，ithasanumberofapproaches.”可知，這個機器人，以及許多類似機器人，也必須能夠向行人示意它們的意圖。為此，它有許多方法。所以通過上下文的語境可以判斷出，第3段下劃線的“that”指的是示意附近的人。故選B項。4．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext？AA．Tointroduceanewrobot.B．Toexplainhuman-robotinteraction.C．Topresentdifferentopinionsonhi-tech.D．ToadvertiseanAmericandeliverycompany.〖解析〗推理判斷題。通讀全文尤其是第一段“Postmates,anAmericandeliverycompany,hasbuiltarobot,calledServe,whichwasdesignedtomakeshort-distancedeliveriesincities.”可知，美國快遞公司Postmates已經(jīng)制造了一款名為“Serve”的機器人，該機器人的設計宗旨是在城市中進行短距離投遞，以及下文對于這個機器人的具體介紹可以判斷出，作者寫這篇短文的目的就是為了介紹一款新型的機器人。故選A項。BSomethinginchocolatecouldbeusedtostopcoughsandleadtomoreeffectivemedicines,sayUKresearchers.Theirstudyfoundthattheobromine,foundincocoa,wasnearlyathirdmoreeffectiveinstoppingcoughsthancodeine,whichwasconsideredthebestcoughmedicineatpresent.TheImperialCollegeLondonresearcherswhopublishedtheirresultsonlinesaidthediscoverycouldleadtomoreeffectivecoughtreatment.“Whilecoughingisnotnecessarilyharmful,itcanhaveamajoreffectonthequalityoflife,andthisdiscoverycouldbeahugestepforwardintreatingthisproblem，”saidProfessorPeterBarnes.Tenhealthyvolunteersweregiventheobromine,codeineorplacebo,apillthatcontainsnomedicine,duringtheexperiment.Neitherthevolunteersnortheresearchersknewwhoreceivedwhichpill.Theresearchersthenmeasuredlevelsofcapsaicin(辣椒素),whichisusedinresearchtocausecoughingandasasignofhowwellthemedicinesarestoppingcoughs.Theteamfoundthat,whenthevolunteersweregiventheobromine,thecapsaicinneededtoproduceacoughwasaroundathirdhigherthanintheplacebogroup.Whentheyweregivencodeinetheyneedonlyslightlyhigherleversofcapsaicintocauseacoughcomparedwiththeplacebo.Theresearcherssaidthattheobromineworkedbykeepingdownanerveactivity(神經(jīng)活動),whichcausedcoughing.Theyalsofoundthatunlikesomestandardcoughtreatments,theobrominecausednosideeffectssuchassleepiness.文章大意：這是一篇科普性讀物。選材于醫(yī)學的某一方面的研究——對巧克力中theobromine(可可堿)獨特的治療咳嗽的功效的對比研究，證明theobromine(可可堿)是未來有效的治療咳嗽的良藥。5．AccordingtoProfessorBarnes,theobromineD.A．cannotbeaseffectiveascodeineB．canbeharmfultopeople'shealthC．cannotbeseparatedfromchocolateD．canbeamoreeffectivecureforcoughs〖解析〗推理判斷題。從第二段的“Theirstudyfoundthattheobromine,foundincocoa,wasnearlyathirdmoreeffectiveinstoppingcoughsthancodeine,whichwasconsideredthebestcoughmedicineatpresent.”可看出theobromine比codeine更有效，判斷A項錯誤。既然它用來止咳，改善人們的生活質量，所以B項錯誤。在第一段提到了theobromine是從chocolate里提煉出來的，所以C項錯誤。故正確〖答案〗是D項。6．Whatwasusedintheexperimenttocausecoughing？CA．Theobromine. B．Codeine.C．Capsaicin. D．Placebo.〖解析〗細節(jié)理解題。A、B、D三項中的物品是用來做實驗的物品。在文章第四段最后一句“Theresearchersthenmeasuredlevelsofcapsaicin(辣椒素),whichisusedinresearchtocausecoughingandasasignofhowwellthemedicinesarestoppingcoughs.”可知capsaicin用來引起咳嗽和作為這些藥物如何止咳的依據(jù)。故選C。7．WelearnfromthetextthatvolunteersintheexperimentB.A．werepatientswithbadcoughsB．weredividedintothethreegroupsC．receivedstandardtreatmentsD．sufferedlittlesideeffects〖解析〗推理判斷題。從第四段首句“Tenhealthyvolunteersweregiventheobromine,codeineorplacebo,apillthatcontainsnomedicine,duringtheexperiment.”可知實驗中每組人吃一種所給的物品才能看出止咳的效果。故需要三組志愿者。故選B。8．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?BA．Codeine:ANewMedicineB．ChocolateMayCureCoughsC．CoughTreatment:AHardCaseD．TheobromineCanCauseCoughs〖解析〗標題判斷題。本文主要介紹chocolate中含有的一種成分the