2017年考研英語一試題及答案解析圖文

2017年考研英語一試題及答案解析

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

ReadthefollowingtextChoosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankand

markA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

Couldahugadaykeepthedoctoraway?Theanswermaybearesounding

nyes!"(1)helpingyoufeelcloseand(2)topeopleyoucareabout,itturns

outthathugscanbringa(3)ofhealtlibenefitstoyourbodyandmind.Believe

itornot,awarmembracemightevenhelpyou(4)gettingsickthiswinte匚

Inarecentstudy(5)over400healthyadults,researchersfromCarnegieMellon

UniversityinPennsylvaniaexaminedtheeffectsofperceivedsocialsupportandthe

receiptofhugs(6)theparticipants1susceptibilitytodevelopingthecommon

coldafterbeing(7)tothevirus.Peoplewhoperceivedgreatersocialsupport

werelesslikelytocome(8)withacold,andtheresearchers(9)thatthe

stress-reducingeffectsofhugging(10)about32percentofthatbeneficialeffect.

(11)amongthosewhogotacold,theoneswhofeltgreatersocialsupportand

receivedmorefrequenthugshadlesssevere(12).

"Huggingprotectspeoplewhoareunderstressfromthe(13)riskforcolds

that'susually(14)withstress/'notesSheldonCohen,aprofessorofpsychology

atCarnegie,Huggingnisamarkerofintimacyandhelp(15)thefeelingthat

othersaretheretohelp(16)difficulty.M

Someexperts(17)thestress-reducing,health-relatedbenefitsofhuggingtothe

releaseofoxytocin,oftencalled"thebondinghormone1'(18)itpromotes

attachmentinrelationships,includingthatbetweenmothersandtheirnewbornbabies.

Oxytocinismadeprimarilyinthecentrallowerpartofthebrain,andsomeofitis

releasedintothebloodstream.Butsomeofit(19)inthebrain,whereit

(20)mood,behaviorandphysiology.

1.A.BesidesB.UnlikeC.ThroughoutD.Despite

2.A.equalB.restrictedC.connectedD.inferior

3.A.viewB.hostC.lessonD.choice

4.A.avoidB.forgetC.recallD.keep

5.A.collectingB.affectingC.guidingD.involving

6.A.onB.inC.atD.of

7.A.devotedB.attractedC.lostD.exposed

8.A.alongB.acrossC.downD.out

9.A.imaginedB.deniedC.doubtedD.calculated

10.A.servedB.restoredC.explainedD.required

ll.A.ThusB.StillC.RatherD.Even

12.A.defeatsB.symptomsC.errorsD.tests

13.A.highlightedB.increasedC.controlledD.minimized

14.A.presentedB.equippedC.associatedD.compared

15.A.assessB.generateC.moderateD.record

16.A.inthenameofB.intheformofC.inthefaceofD.inthewayof

17.A.attributeB?commitC.transferD.return

18.A.unlessB.becauseC.thoughD.until

19.A.remainsB.emergesC.vanishesD.decreases

20.A.experiencesB.combinesC.justifiesD.influences

1A.BesidesB.UnlikeC.ThroughoulD.Despite

【答案】A

【解析】根據(jù)本句句內(nèi)邏輯關(guān)系，“itturnsoutthathugs…”說明擁抱還有其他結(jié)果。因此，

前文的邏輯關(guān)系應(yīng)該為“除此以外”，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，A.Besides（除此之外）最為合適。

2A.equalB.restrictedC.connectedD.inferior

【答案】C

【解析】本題實(shí)為邏輯關(guān)系題。根據(jù)句子前后結(jié)構(gòu)"helpingyoufeelcloseand（2）”,

我們可以判斷，由于空格處與前面內(nèi)容通過and連接，說明我們要選擇一個(gè)單詞與feelclose

同義，并且要與后面介詞to連用。因此，通過對(duì)于四個(gè)選項(xiàng)含義判斷，C選項(xiàng)有“關(guān)聯(lián)的”

含義最為符合。

3A.viewB.hostC.lessonD.choice

【答案】B

【解析】此題為固定搭配?！癮hostof”表示大量的。其他選項(xiàng)搭配不合理。

4A.avoidB.forgetC.recallD.keep

【答案】A

［解析】根據(jù)題干信息“awarmembracemightevenhelpyou（4）gettingsickthiswinter."

中，出現(xiàn)“even”，表示“甚至”，說明此句話與上一句話存在遞進(jìn)的邏輯關(guān)系。上一句話的

語義表示“擁抱可以帶來大量的好處”，因此，這句話也應(yīng)該表示擁抱的好處。根據(jù)四個(gè)選

項(xiàng)含義，A.avoid（避免）B.forget（忘記）C.recall（回憶）D.keep（保持），A選項(xiàng)“避

免生病”最符合文意

5A.collectingB.affectingC.guidingD.involving

【答案】D

【解析】本題考查現(xiàn)在分詞做后置定語，需要選擇一個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞修飾前面的“study"，因此，

結(jié)合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)A.collecting（收集）B.affecting（影響）C.guiding（引導(dǎo)）D.involving（涉

及、卷入），根據(jù)句子含義，應(yīng)該表達(dá)''關(guān)于涉及400人”的研究。因此正確選項(xiàng)應(yīng)為D

6A.onB.inC.atD.of

【答案】A

【解析】本題為固定搭配。根據(jù)句義"examinedtheeffectsofperceivedsocialsupportandthe

receiptofhugs（6）theparticipants'..."考查固定搭配"examinedtheeffects...onsth”因

此，本題正確選項(xiàng)為A。

7A.devotedB.attractedC.lostD.exposed

【答案】D

【解析】根據(jù)句義**commoncoldafterbeing（7）tothevirus.""通常感冒是在…細(xì)

菌之后發(fā)生的?！苯Y(jié)合選項(xiàng)含義A.devoted（致力于）B.attracted（吸引）C.lost（丟失）

D.exposed（暴露于），D選項(xiàng)“暴露在細(xì)菌中…”符合文意。

8A.alongB.acrossC.downD.out

【答案】C

【解析】本題為固定搭配。A.comealongwith（和。。。相處的好）B.comeacrosswith（償付）

C.comedownwith（得病，感染）D.comeoutwith（出版，提出），結(jié)合語境，根據(jù)后而

與cold（感冒）搭配，C選項(xiàng)“得感冒”搭配最為合理。

9A.imaginedB.deniedC.doubtedD.calculated

【答案】D

【解析】本題為動(dòng)詞與賓語從句搭配問題。根據(jù)原文“theresearchers（9）thatthe

stress-reducingeffectsofhugging（10）about32percentofthatbeneficialeffect.動(dòng)作的

主語是“研究人員。連接后面的賓語從句“擁抱減小壓力的作用”，并且有數(shù)據(jù)支撐。從選

項(xiàng)含義A.imagined（想像）B.denied（否認(rèn)）C.doubted（懷疑）D.calculated（計(jì)算，

推測）來看，賓語從句部分應(yīng)為研究人員計(jì)算推測出的結(jié)果。因此，選項(xiàng)D符合要求。

10A.servedB.restoredC.explainedD.required

【答案】C

【解析】本題為動(dòng)詞含義考查。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，“thestress?reducingeffectsofhugging

（10）about32percentofthatbeneficialeffect.n本題同樣考查研究人員做出的研究結(jié)果，因

此，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)含義A.served（服務(wù)）B.restored（存儲(chǔ)）C.explained（解釋）D.required

（要求），C選項(xiàng)“解窗”符合語境要求。

11A.ThusB.StillC.RatherD.Even

【答案】D

【解析】本題為邏輯關(guān)系題。A.Thus（因此，表示因果關(guān)系）B.StUl（仍然,表示強(qiáng)調(diào)關(guān)

系）C.Rather（相反，表示對(duì)比關(guān)系）D.Even（甚至，表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系）根據(jù)文章上下文

邏輯，下文是對(duì)上文做進(jìn)一步說明，因此選擇遞進(jìn)關(guān)系比較符合邏輯關(guān)系。D為正確選項(xiàng)。

12A.DefeatsB.symptomsC.errorsD.tests

【答案】B

（解析】形容詞與名詞搭配問題。根據(jù)語境"'theoneswhofeltgreatersocialsupportandreceived

morefrequenthugshadlesssevere（12）”所選詞要與severe構(gòu)成合理搭配，再結(jié)合前

文語境是關(guān)于對(duì)于擁抱實(shí)驗(yàn)的結(jié)果。因此，B.symptoms（癥狀）符合語境要求。正確選項(xiàng)為

Bo

13A.highlightedB.increasedC.controlledD.minimized

【答案】B

【解析】本題為形容詞修飾。根據(jù)原文"Huggingprotectspeoplewhoareunderstressfromthe

（13）riskforcoldsthafsusually（14）withstress,'1,需要選擇一個(gè)形容詞來修飾

riskc在選項(xiàng)中,A.highlighted（突出的）B.increased（增加的）C.controlled（被控制的）

D.minimized（最小的），對(duì)比選項(xiàng)含義，B“增加的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”更符合原文語境。

14A.presentedB.equippedC.associatedD.compared

【答案】C

【解析】此題為固定搭配題。A和B選項(xiàng)不可以和with連接。C.associated可以和with連

接，意為“與。。。有關(guān)聯(lián)”。D.compared和with連接表示“和。。相比”不符合文章要求。

因此，本題正確選項(xiàng)為C.

15A.assessB.generateC.moderateD.record

【答案】B

【解析】此題考查動(dòng)賓搭配。根據(jù)原文“Huggingisamarkerofintimacyandhelp（15）

thefeeling...需要選擇一個(gè)動(dòng)詞能夠和后文的"thefeeling”搭配。分析選項(xiàng)含義：A.assess

（評(píng)估）B.generate（產(chǎn)生）C.moderate（緩和）D.record（記錄）,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，Bugenerate

thefeeling"產(chǎn)生感覺搭配最為合理。因此正選為B。

16A.inthenameolB.intheformofC.inthefaceofD.inthewayof

【答案】C

【解析】此題為短語搭配題。分析選項(xiàng)含義A.inthenameof（以…為名）B.intheformof

（以…的形式）C.inthefaceof（面對(duì)…）D.inihewayof（以…的方式），結(jié)合文章語境，

應(yīng)為“面對(duì)困難”搭配最為合理。因此，正確選項(xiàng)為C。

17A.attributeB.commitC.transferD.return

【答案】A

【解析】此題為固定搭配題。即：attributesthtosth.因此正確選項(xiàng)為A

18A.unlessB.becauseC.thoughD.until

【答案】B

【解析】此題為邏輯關(guān)系題。選項(xiàng)含義A.unless（除非）B.because（因?yàn)椋〤.though（雖

然）D.until（直到才）。結(jié)合原文語境，"oftencalled"thebondinghormone”（18）

itpromotesattachmentinrelationships,“（經(jīng)常被稱之為“形成親密關(guān)系的荷爾蒙”….它促進(jìn)

了關(guān)系的依賴。）從本句來看，前后文屬于因果邏輯關(guān)系。因此正確選項(xiàng)為B

19A.remainsB.emergesC.vanishesD.decreases

【答案】A

【解析】本題為動(dòng)詞辨析。選項(xiàng)含義為A.remains（仍然）B.emerges（出現(xiàn)）C.vanishes

（消失）D.decreases（減少）結(jié)合語境信息“Butsomeofit（19）inthebrain,"C

和D選項(xiàng)跟文章含義相反。而B選項(xiàng)只表示一種動(dòng)作。A選項(xiàng)表示它仍然在大腦里存在，

最符合文章要求，因此正確選項(xiàng)為A。

whereit（20）mood,behaviorandphysiology.

20A.experiencesB.combinesC.justifiesD.influences

【答案】D

【解析】本題為動(dòng)詞辨析。選項(xiàng)含義為A.experiences（經(jīng)歷）B.combines（結(jié)合）C.justifies

（替某人辯護(hù)，證明合理）D.influences（影響）。根據(jù)原文語境，"whereit（20）

mood,behaviorandphysiology.”能夠搭配后面并列的三個(gè)賓語“情緒、行為、和生理”，只

有D“影響”因此正確選項(xiàng)為D。

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing

A,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.（40points）

Text1

Firsttwohours,nowthreehours-thisishowfarinadvanceauthoritiesarerecommending

peopleshowuptocatchadomesticflight,atleastatsomemajorU.S.airportswithincreasingly

massivesecuritylines.

Americansarewillingtotoleratetime-consumingsecurityprotocolsinreturnforincreasedsafety.

ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804,whichterroristsmayhavedownedovertheMediterraneanSea,

providesanothertragicreminderofwhy.Butdemandingtoomuchofairtravelersorproviding

toolittlesecurityinreturnunderminespublicsupportfortheprocess.Anditshould:Wastedtime

isadragonAmericans*economicandprivatelives,nottomentioninfuriating.

Lastyear,theTransportationSecurityAdministration（TSA）foundinasecretcheckthat

undercoverinvestigatorswereabletosneakweapons-bothfakeandreal—pastairportsecurity

nearlyeverytimetheytried.Enhancedsecuritymeasuressincethen,combinedwitharisein

airlinetravelduetotheimprovingeconomyandlowoilprices,haveresultedinlongwaitsat

majorairportssuchasChicago'sOUareInternational.1(isnotyetclearhowmuchmoreeffective

airlinesecurityhasbecome—butthelinesareobvious.

Partoftheissueisthatthegovernmentdidnotanticipatethesteepincreaseinairlinetravel,sothe

TSAisnowrushingtogetnewscreenersontheline.Partoftheissueisthatairportshaveonlyso

muchroomforscreeninglanes.Anotherfactormaybethatmorepeoplearetryingtooverpack

theircarry-onbagstoavoidchecked-baggagefees,thoughtheairlinesstronglydisputethis.

ThereisonesteptheTSAcouldtakethatwouldnotrequireremodelingairportsorrushingtohire:

EnrollmorepeopleinthePreCheckprogram.PreCheckissupposedtobeawin-winfortravelers

andtheTSA.Passengerswhopassabackgroundcheckareeligibletouseexpeditedscreening

lanes.ThisallowstheTSAtofocusontravelerswhoarehigherrisk,savingtimeforeveryone

involved.TSAwantstoenroll25millionpeopleinPreCheck.

Ithasnotgottenanywhereclosetothat,andonebigreasonisstickershock:Passengersmustpay

$85everyfiveyearstoprocesstheirbackgroundchecks.Sincethebeginning,thispricetaghas

beenPreCheck'sfatalflaw.Upcomingreformsmightbringthepricetoamorereasonablelevel.

ButCongressshouldlookintodoingsodirectly,byhelpingtofinancePreCheckenrollmentorto

cutcostsinotherways.

TheTSAcannotcontinuedivertingresourcesintounderusedPreChecklaneswhilemostofthe

travelingpublicsuffersinunnecessarylines.Itislongpasttimetomaketheprogramwork.

21.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804ismentionedto

[A]explainAmerican'stoleranceofcurrentsecuritychecks.

[B]stresstheurgencytostrengthensecurityworldwide.

[ClhighlightthenecessityofupgradingmajorU.S.airports.

[D]emphasizetheimportanceofprivacyprotection.

22.Wliichofthefollowingcontributestolongwaitsatmajorairports?

[A]Newrestrictionsoncarry-onbags.

[BlThedecliningefficiencyoftheTSA.

[C]Anincreaseinthenumberoftravellers.

[D]Frequentunexpectedsecretchecks.

23.Thewordt<expcdited^^(Liner4,Para.5)isclosetinmeaningto

[A]quieter.

[B]cheaper.

[C]wider.

[DIfaster.

24.OneproblemwiththePreCheckprogramis

[A]adramaticreductionofitsscale.

[Blitswrongly-directedimplementation.

[C]thegovernment'sreluctancetobackit.

[DIanunreasonablepriceforenrollment.

25.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

[A]LessScreeningforMoreSafety

fBlPreCheck-aBelatedSolution

[ClGettingStuckinSecurityLines

[DIUnderusedPreCheckLanes

答案：21-25ACDDC

21.答案[A]explainAmerican^toleranceofcurrentsecuritychecks.

解析：本題目為例證題，考察論點(diǎn)與論據(jù)。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞thecrashofEgyptAir

Flight804定位到第二段第二句。例證題中的例子為論據(jù)，所要找的答案為論點(diǎn)，而

論點(diǎn)在論據(jù)之前，因此該題目的答案是第二段的第一句話。二段首句說的是美國人

愿意忍受長時(shí)間的安全檢查。正確答案A的American飛tolerance是原文Americans

arewillingtotolerate的原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，currentsecuritychecks是原文的time-consuming

security的同義轉(zhuǎn)化。干擾項(xiàng)B的urgencytostrengthensecurityworldwide*原文未

提及worldwide,屬于擴(kuò)大范圍；選項(xiàng)C的majorU.S.majorairports屬于具體信息的

干擾；選項(xiàng)D的privacy隱私并未提及，是常識(shí)性干擾。

22.答案【C】Anincreaseinthenumberoftravelers.

解析：本題目為原因細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干中的longwaitsalmajorairports定位到原文第

三段的第二句，原文的resultedin與題干中的contributedto是同義轉(zhuǎn)化，所以定位

內(nèi)容就是提升的安全措施以及航空旅游的增加。正確答案C的anincreaseinthe

numberoftravelers是原文ariseinairlinetravel的同義替換。干擾項(xiàng)A的carry-on

bags是在第四段的最后一句出現(xiàn)的，非定位句內(nèi)容；選項(xiàng)B的TSAefficiency也出

現(xiàn)在第四段；選項(xiàng)D的unexpectedsecretchecks未提及。

23.答案[D]faster.

解析：本題目為詞義句意題，考察上下文邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)題干，定位到第5段第3

句，“Passengerswhopassabackgroundcheckareeligibletouseexpeditedscreening

lanesw,結(jié)合下一句中的這樣會(huì)savingtimeforeveryoneinvolved,即可以節(jié)省時(shí)間

的安檢，與選項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)就是答案Dfaster更快。干擾項(xiàng)A更安靜，選項(xiàng)B更便宜，選

項(xiàng)C更廣泛，都無關(guān)，屬于常識(shí)性干擾。

24.答案[D]anunreasonablepriceforenrollment.

解析：本題目為具體細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞problemwiththePreCheckprogram定

位到倒數(shù)第二段的第二句話thispricetaghasbeenthePreCheck9sfatalflaw.本句中的

代詞this代詞指代本段第一句話，說的是Passengers必須每五年pay85美元來做

backgroundchecks0正確答案D中的unreasonableprice是原文的85美元,enrollment

就是原文的processbackgroundchecks。干擾項(xiàng)A其規(guī)模的極具下滑未提及，選項(xiàng)C

其錯(cuò)誤的執(zhí)行屬于過度推理，選項(xiàng)C政府不愿意支持是對(duì)原文的曲解。

25.答案[C]GettingStuckinSecurityLines

解析：本題目為全文主旨題。全文的中心主題出現(xiàn)在第一段和二段首句的范圍。第

一段介紹事實(shí)背景，第二段首句提及了美國人對(duì)于安全檢查方面的狀況，并在下文

提及了所出現(xiàn)的問題。正確答案C安檢流程線陷入困境是對(duì)原文的總結(jié)概括。干擾

項(xiàng)A的Screening是原文的具體細(xì)節(jié)，選項(xiàng)B和選項(xiàng)D的PreCheck是原文最后三

段的內(nèi)容。

Text2

“TheancientHawaiianswereastronomers,“wroteQueenLiliuokalani,Hawaii'slast

reigningmonarch,in1897.Starwatcherswereamongthemostesteemedmembersof

Hawaiiansociety.Sadly,allisnotwellwithastronomyinHawaiitoday.Protestshave

eruptedoverconstructionoftheThirtyMeterTelescope(TMT),agiantobservatorythat

promisestorevolutionizehumanity'sviewofthecosmos.

AtissueistheTMT'splannedlocationonMaunaKea,adormantvolcanoworshipedby

someHawaiiansasthepiko,thatconnectstheHawaiianIslandstotheheavens.But

MaunaKeaisalsohometosomeoftheworld'smostpowerfultelescopes.Restedinthe

PacificOcean,MaunaKea*speakrisesabovethebulkofourplanetsdenseatmosphere,

whereconditionsallowtelescopestoobtainimagesofunsurpassedclarity.

OppositiontotelescopesonMaunaKeaisnothingnew.Asmallbutvocalgroupof

Hawaiiansandenvironmentalistshavelongviewedtheirpresenceasdisrespectfarsacred

landandapainfulreminderoftheoccupationofwhatwasonceasovereignnation.

Someblameforthecurrentcontroversybelongstoastronomers.Intheireagernessto

buildbiggertelescopes,theyforgotthatscienceisnottheonlywayofunderstandingthe

world.TheydidnotalwaysprioritizetheprotectionofMaunaKea*sfragileecosystemsor

itsholinesstotheislands'inhabitants.Hawaiiancultureisnotarelicofthepast；itisa

livingcultureundergoingarenaissancetoday.

Yetsciencehasaculturalhistory,too,withrootsgoingbacktothedawnofcivilization.

Thesamecuriositytofindwhatliesbeyondthehorizonthatfirstbroughtearly

PolynesianstoHawaii'sshoresinspiresastronomerstodaytoexploretheheavens.Callsto

disassemblealltelescopesonMaunaKeaortobanfuturedevelopmentthereignorethe

realitythatastronomyandHawaiianculturebothseektoanswerbigquestionsaboutwho

weare,wherewecomefromandwherewearegoing.Perhapsthatiswhyweexplorethe

starryskies,asifansweringaprimalcallingtoknowourselvesandourtrueancestral

homes.

TheastronomycommunityismakingcompromisestochangeitsuseofMaunaKea.The

TMTsitewaschosentominimizethetelescope'svisibilityaroundtheislandandtoavoid

archaeologicalandenvironmentalimpact.TolimitthenumberoftelescopesonMauna

Kea,oldoneswillberemovedattheendoftheirlifetimesandtheirsitesreturnedtoa

naturalstate.ThereisnoreasonwhyeveryonecannotbewelcomedonMaunaKeato

embracetheirculturalheritageandtostudythestars.

26.QueenLiliuokalani'sremarkinParagraph1indicates

[A]herconservativeviewonthehistoricalroleofastronomy.

[B]theimportanceofastronomyinancientHawaiiansociety.

fC]theregrettabledeclineofastronomyinancienttimes.

[D]herappreciationofstarwatchers5featsinhertime.

27.MaunaKeaisdeemedasanidealastronomicalsitedueto

[Alitsgeographicalfeatures.

fB]itsprotectivesurroundings.

[Clitsreligiousimplications.

[D]itsexistinginfrastructure.

28.TheconstructionoftheTMTisopposedbysomelocalspartlybecause

[A]itmayriskruiningtheirintellectuallife.

[B]itremindsthemofahumiliatinghistory.

(Cltheirculturewillloseachanceofrevival.

[D]theyfearlosingcontrolofMaunaKea.

29.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph5thatprogressintoday'sastronomy

[A]isfulfillingthedreamsofancientHawaiians.

fBlhelpsspreadHawaiiancultureacrosstheworld.

[C]mayuncovertheoriginofHawaiianculture.

[D]willeventuallysoftenHawaiians5hostility.

30.Theauthor'sattitudetowardchoosingMaunaKeaastheTMTsiteisoneof

[A]severecriticism.

聞passiveacceptance.

fC]slighthesitancy.

[D]fullapproval.

答案：26-30BABCD

26.答案[B]theimportanceofastronomyinancientHawaiiansociety.

解析：本題目為具體細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干中的關(guān)鍵詞QueenLiliuokalani的remark定位

到第一段的第一句，所indicate的內(nèi)容是在第一段的第二句話，意思是觀星者是在

Hawaiian社會(huì)中最受尊重的成員。正確選項(xiàng)B的theimportanceofastronomy是原文

starwatcherswereamongthemostesteemedmembers的總結(jié)概括，inancientHawaiian

society是原文的原詞出現(xiàn)。干擾項(xiàng)A的historicalrole屬于原文信息的曲解，選項(xiàng)C

的regrettabledecline未提及，過度推理，選項(xiàng)D不是inhertime,是她評(píng)論ancient

的觀星者。

27.答案[A]itsgeographicalfeatures.

解析：本題目為具體細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干中的大寫字母MaunaKea,以及關(guān)鍵詞ideal

astronomicalsite定位到第二段But后面的內(nèi)容。But后面說MaunaKea是世界上最

有力量的望遠(yuǎn)鏡home。本題目問的是原因，定位到本段最后一句，這里提到Mauna

Kea的頂峰高于大部分的濃密大氣層。選項(xiàng)A中的geographicalfeatures就是地質(zhì)特

色的意思，屬于同義替換。干擾項(xiàng)B的受保護(hù)的周邊環(huán)境未提及，是常識(shí)性干擾；

選項(xiàng)C的宗教暗示根據(jù)本段首句worship進(jìn)行干擾，不在定位句里；選項(xiàng)D現(xiàn)有的

基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施未提及。

28.答案[B]itremindsthemofahumiliatinghistory.

解析：本題目屬于原因細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞theconstructionoftheTMT以及

opposedbysomelocals定位到第四段第二句，這里提到apainfulreminderofthe

occupationofwhatwasonceasovereignnation,對(duì)曾經(jīng)主權(quán)國家遭占領(lǐng)的痛苦提醒。

選項(xiàng)B中的remind是原文的原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，ahumiliatinghistory（令人恥辱的歷史）是

對(duì)theoccupationofwhatwasonceasovereignnation的同義轉(zhuǎn)化及總結(jié)概括。

29.答案[C]mayuncovertheoriginofHawaiianculture.

解析：本題目屬于細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)題干定位到第5段，關(guān)鍵詞progressintoday飛

astronomy再第五段中沒有。此種情況下，考慮段落中心，即本段的段首，段尾及轉(zhuǎn)

這句。先看首句無答案，看本段尾句提到，或許那就是我們探索星際空間的原因，

好像會(huì)回答有關(guān)我們自己及我們真正祖先的最原始回答。選項(xiàng)C首先may班對(duì)原文

asif的解讀，uncover同義替換answer,theoriginofHawaiianculture是原文ourselves

andourtrueancestralhomes的同義轉(zhuǎn)化。干擾項(xiàng)A的dreams本段中沒有，干擾項(xiàng)B

的Hawaiianculture本段有提及，但未指出acrosstheworld,干擾項(xiàng)D的softenhostility

屬于過度推斷。

30.答案[D]fullapproval

解析：第一段第二句Sadly,allisnotwellwithastronomyinHawaiitoday.意思是，可

悲的是，夏威夷現(xiàn)在的天文學(xué)不太妙。所以，對(duì)于現(xiàn)在夏威夷天文學(xué)不太妙的處境,

作者用了一個(gè)sadly來形容，明明白白地表達(dá)了他的藍(lán)瘦香菇。而夏威夷現(xiàn)在不太妙

的處境具體指什么？在下一句清楚地說明了Protestshaveeruptedoverconstructionof

theThirtyMeterTelescope(TMT),agiantobservatorythatpromisestorevolutionize

humanity^viewofthecosmos意思是我們要搞個(gè)巨牛的望遠(yuǎn)鏡，你們居然不同意！所

以兩句結(jié)合一塊，作者的態(tài)度就明白了，他是支持建望遠(yuǎn)鏡的。在最后一段的最后

一句里也有作者態(tài)度的線索Thereisnoreasonwhyeveryonecannotbewelcomedon

MaunaKeatoembracetheirculturalheritageandtostudythestars.意思是說有人跑到你

們那兒去，接受你們的文化遺產(chǎn)，去看星星看月亮，你們?yōu)槊粴g迎？咳咳，正經(jīng)

點(diǎn)兒說，就是用了noreason和cannot雙重否定既強(qiáng)調(diào)又強(qiáng)調(diào)，還帶點(diǎn)兒不可置信地

趕腳說夏威夷人應(yīng)該歡迎每一個(gè)到他們那兒去研究天文，并且欣賞他們的文化遺產(chǎn)

culturalheritage的每一個(gè)人everyoneo具體到這篇文章，他們的文化遺產(chǎn)在第五段

和第一段都有說，就是天文研究，而每一個(gè)人當(dāng)然應(yīng)該包括這些想建天文望遠(yuǎn)鏡的

人。所以作者的態(tài)度旗幟鮮明，就是全力支持。所以正確答案是D。

Text3

RobertF.Kennedyoncesaidthatacountry'sGDPmeasures^everythingexceptthat

whichmakeslifeworthwhile.^^WithBritainvotingtoleavetheEuropeanUnion,and

GDPalreadypredictedtoslowasaresult,itisnowatimelymomenttoassesswhathe

wasreferringto.

ThequestionofGDPanditsusefulnesshasannoyedpolicymakersforoverhalfacentury.

Manyarguethatitisaflawedconcept.Itmeasuresthingsthatdonotmatterandmisses

thingsthatdo.Bymostrecentmeasures,theUK'sGDPhasbeentheenvyoftheWestern

world,withrecordlowunemploymentandhighgrowthfigures.Ifeverythingwasgoing

sowell,thenwhydidover17millionpeoplevoteforBrexit,despitethewarningsabout

whatitcoulddototheircountry'seconomicprospects?

Arecentannualstudyofcountriesandtheirabilitytoconvertgrowthintowell-being

shedssomelightonthatquestion.Acrossthe163countriesmeasured,theUKisoneof

thepoorestperformersinensuringthateconomicgrowthistranslatedintomeaningful

improvementsforitscitizens.RatherthanjustfocusingonGDP,over40differentsetsof

criteriafromhealth,educationandcivilsocietyengagementhavebeenmeasuredtogeta

moreroundedassessmentofhowcountriesareperforming.

Whileallofthesecountriesfacetheirownchallenges,thereareanumberofconsistent

themes.Yes,therehasbeenabuddingeconomicrecoverysincethe2008globalcrash,

butinkeyindicatorsinareassuchashealthandeducation,majoreconomieshave

continuedtodecline.Yetthisisn'tthecasewithallcountries.Somerelativelypoor

Europeancountrieshaveseenhugeimprovementsacrossmeasuresincludingcivilsociety,

incomeequalityandenvironment.

Thisisalessonthatrichcountriescanlearn:WhenGDPisnolongerregardedasthesole

measureofacountry'ssuccess,theworldlooksverydifferent.

SowhatKennedywasreferringtowasthatwhileGDPhasbeenthemostcommon

methodformeasuringtheeconomicactivityofnations,asameasure,itisnolonger

enough.Itdoesnotincludeimportantfactorssuchasenvironmentalqualityoreducation

outcomes-allthingsthatcontributetoaperson'ssenseofwell-being.

ThesharphittogrowthpredictedaroundtheworldandintheUKcouldleadtoadecline

intheeverydayserviceswedependonforourwell-beingandforgrowth.But

policymakerswhorefocuseffortsonimprovingwell-beingratherthansimplyworrying

aboutGDPfigurescouldavoidtheforecasteddoomandmayevenseeprogress.

31.RobertF.Kennedyiscitedbecausehe

[A]praisedtheUKforitsGDP.

[BlidentifiedGDPwithhappiness.

fClmisinterpretedtheroleofGDP.

[D]hadalowopinionofGDP.

32.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2that

[AltheUKisreluctanttoremolditseconomicpattern.

[BltheUKwillcontributelesstotheworldeconomy.

?GDPasthemeasureofsuccessiswidelydefiedintheUK.

IDlpolicymakersintheUKarepayinglessattentiontoGDP.

33.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttherecentannualstudy?

[A]ItexcludesGDPasanindicator.

[B]Itissponsoredby163countries.

[C]Itscriteriaarequestionable.

[T)]Itsresultsareenlightening.

34.Inthelasttwoparagraphs,theauthorsuggestsdial

[A]theUKispreparingforaneconomicboom.

[BlhighGDPforeshadowsaneconomicdecline.

[ClitisessentialtoconsiderfactorsbeyondGDP.

[D]itrequirescautiontohandleeconomicissues.

35.Whichofthefollowingisthebestforthetext?

[A]HighGDPButInadequateWell-being,aUKlesson

[B]GDPfigures,aWindowonGlobalEconomicHealth

[ClRobertF.Kennedy,aTerminatorofGDP

[DlBrexit,theUK'sGatewaytoWell-being

答案：31-35DCDCA

31.答案[D]hadalowopinionofGDP.

解析：題目問的是Robert被引用是因?yàn)槭裁?。根?jù)題目中的人名定位到第一段第一句話

RobertF.Kennedyoncesaidthatacountry'sGDPmeasures''everythingexceptthatwhichmakes

lifeworthwhile.”這句話是說這個(gè)人認(rèn)為一個(gè)國家的GDP可以衡量所有東西，除了讓生活有

意義的事。這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)擺明了Robert對(duì)GDP持不欣賞的態(tài)度。D選項(xiàng)alowopinion不高?的評(píng)

價(jià)，顯然是對(duì)原文的概括性描述，因此選D。

32.答案【C】GDPasthemeasureofsuccessiswidelydefiedintheUK.

解析：題目明確說了從第二段中找答案。A選項(xiàng)中的economicpattern在原文中沒有直接的

表達(dá)，但在二段末句??,peoplevoteforBrexit,despitethewarningsaboutwhatitcoulddoto

theircountry飛economicprospects?中，原文有提到人們投票脫歐，盡管有很多人警告他們這

樣做可能會(huì)對(duì)國家經(jīng)濟(jì)前景有影響。這說明英國人不怕改變現(xiàn)有經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況，因此與A中的

reluctant不情愿不相符。B選項(xiàng)中英國對(duì)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的貢獻(xiàn)問題，在第二段中完全沒提，只有

theUK'sGDPhasbeentheenvyoftheWesternworld英國GDP讓西方世界嫉妒的表述。C選

項(xiàng)說GDP用來衡量幸福的作用以及被英國人普遍否定了。原文中第二段第二句說itisa

flawedconcept,認(rèn)為GDP是有問題的，第三句緊接著說Itmeasuresthingsthatdonotmatter

andmissesthingsthatdo表面GDP其實(shí)忽視了很多關(guān)鍵的東西，并不能衡量幸福。第四句、

第五句拿UK來舉例，說英國GDP很好，但是人們卻要脫歐來改變現(xiàn)狀，暗示人們的生活

并不好。整段說明了英國人并不認(rèn)為他們的高GDP給她們帶來了好的生活，與C選項(xiàng)正好

形成正話反說，為正確選項(xiàng)。D選項(xiàng)policymakers在第二段第一句出現(xiàn)，并不存在所謂英國

的policymakers,更沒有談過其是否關(guān)注GDP。

33.答案【D】Itsresultsareenlightening.

解析：這題根據(jù)題干中的recentannualstudy定位到第三段第一句Arecentannual

study...and...shedssomelightonthatquestiono這句話中的shedlighton短語就是照亮，闡釋

的意思，跟D選項(xiàng)中的enlighten啟發(fā)是同義轉(zhuǎn)換，因此為正確答案。

34.答案[C]itisessentialtoconsiderfactorsbeyondGDP.

解析：從題目可知答案來自于最后兩段。第六段第一句…