山東省濱州市2025屆高三英語上學(xué)期期中試題含解析

PAGEPAGE26山東省濱州市2025屆高三英語上學(xué)期期中試題（含解析）第Ⅰ卷第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whenisthemancheckingin?A.OnTuesday.B.OnWednesday.C.OnFriday.2.Whereisthewoman'smobilephone?A.Inthebedroom.B.Inthesittingroom.C.Inthekitchen.3.Whydothespeakersgetsleepyinthefirstclass?A.Theydon’tliketheclass.B.Theygetuptooearly.C.Theyhavemilkfortheirbreakfast.4.Whatdoesthewomanprobablywanttobeinthefuture?A.Adoctor.B.Areporter.C.Ateacher.5.Howdoesthewomanloseweight?A.Bystarvingherself.B.Byexercising.C.Byeatingabalancedmeal.其次節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置，聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題。每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whenisthemanplanningtobookhisflight?A.Inthreeweeks.B.Intwoweeks.C.Inoneweek.7.Whydoesthewomanadvisethemantobookhisflightsoon?A.Thepricewillbehigher.B.Theremaybenoticketsleftthen.C.Thereareonlyafewdaysleft.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdrinkdoesthemanorder?A.Orangejuice.B.Grapejuice.C.Coke.9.Howmuchshouldthemanpayintotal?A.$10.50.B.$11.50.C.$12.50.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whoistheman?A.Stranger.B.Thewoman'sfriend.C.Ataxidriver.11.Whattimeisitnow?A.3:00.B.3:10.C.3:30.12.Howmuchtipdoesthemanget?A.2dollars.B.8dollars.C.10dollars.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whereisthewoman?A.Atahotel.B.Atanairport.C.Atastore.14.Whatcolorarethewoman'ssuitcases?A.Yellow.B.Red.C.Blue.15.Whatterriblethinghappenedtothewomanatlast?AShetookthewrongsuitcase.B.Sheforgotherroomnumber.C.Sheleftherroomcardinthehall.16.Whatcanbeknownfromtheconversation?A.Thewomangavewrongdirectiontotheman.B.Thewoman'ssuitcaseswereontheleft.C.Thewoman'stwosuitcaseswerethesameinsize.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatdopeoplecalloursociety?A.Athrowawaysociety.B.Acrowdedsociety.C.Anunfairsociety.18.Whatismentionedwhentalkingaboutelectronictoys?A.Buyingthem.nthesupermarket.B.Buyingcheaperones.C.Usingrechargeablebatteries.19.Whatisnotmentionedasathingforpeopletoexchange?A.Clothes.B.Books.C.Cameras.20.Whatdoesthespeakerrecommendtodo?A.Drinkbottledwater.B.Takeshoppingbags.C.Usedisposablecups.其次部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AChristmaseventsinLosAngelesYouwon'tfindsnow-coveredtreesandbelow-zerotemperaturesinLA,buttherearestillplentyofChristmaseventsandholidayactivitiestogetyouinvolved.BeverlyHillsHolidayLightingCeremonyRodeoDrive,BeverlyHillsSundayDecember17,2024DuringChristmas,youcanseethetwinklinglightsanywherealongRodeoDrivebetweenSantaMonicaandWilshireBoulevards.Onweekendsthroughouttheholidayseason,youcanswingbythePaleyCentertomeetSantaorboardatrolleybuswithMrs.Claus.HollywoodChristmasParadeVariouslocationsinLASundayDecember17,2024Nowinits84thyear,theannualHollywoodChristmasParadewillfeaturefloats,balloons,bandsandHollywoodstarsastheyrideinaU-shapedroutethatbeginsatHollywoodandOrangeandendsupatSunsetandOrange.Reservedseatscanbepurchased,butfreesideseatingisalsoavailable.CulverCityDowntownHolidayTreeLightingCelebrationMusicCenter,DowntownMondayDecember18,2024DowntownCulverCitylightsuptheholidayseasonatTownSquare.Thecityopenstheswitchonitsrespectablegreentree:a22-footRockyMountainpinewithover7,500LEDlights.Stickaroundforhotcocoaandcookies,alongwithaspecialvisitfromSanta.Parkfreefortwohoursinthenearbyparkingspaces.AngelCityBandHolidayConcertandSing-AlongPomonaFridayDecember22,2024—SundayDecember24,2024HeadovertotheMethodistChurchtolistenandsingalongtoChristmasclassics.The160-memberAngelCityBand,famousforitsclassical,pop,worldandcontemporary,isputtingon“BringontheJoy”itsannualholidayconcert.Sojoininontheholidaytradition.1.WhereshouldyougotohaveabusridewithMrs.Claus?A.MethodistChurch,Pomona. B.TownSquare,CulverCity.C.RodeoDrive,BeverlyHills. D.HollywoodandOrange.2.WhatdoyouknowabouttheChristmastreeatTownSquare?A.It'sthetallestChristmastreeintheUS.B.It'scollectedfromRockyMountain.C.Itoffersfreedrinksandfoodtovisitors.D.IthasthemostChristmaslightsinthecity.3.IfyouareatravelerinLosAngeles,youcan.A.meetSantaandMrs.ClausthroughouttheweekB.reserveseatstoviewtheHollywoodChristmasparadeC.switchonthegreentreebyyourselfD.singanddancealongwiththeband【答案】1C2.B3.B【解析】本文屬于廣告布告類。主要介紹美國圣誕節(jié)的幾個(gè)慶?；顒?dòng)?！?題詳解】C【名師點(diǎn)睛】文章細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。文章細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)的理解可以細(xì)化為：（1）一一對(duì)應(yīng)型。答案與題目在表達(dá)形式和意義上干脆吻合，一一對(duì)應(yīng)，一目了然。（2）語言轉(zhuǎn)述型。這是一類間接事實(shí)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題，答案與題目在意義上運(yùn)用了詞義之間的轉(zhuǎn)述關(guān)系，即正確選項(xiàng)是原文有關(guān)詞語和句子的另一種表達(dá)。（3）語意理解型。這是一類深層事實(shí)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題，答案與題目之間存在著肯定的邏輯聯(lián)系，這種聯(lián)系須要建立在事實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)上通過上、下文來進(jìn)行推斷、分析、歸納和整合，才能得出正確答案。（4）是非辨別型。這是一類綜合事實(shí)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題。（5）事實(shí)排序型。【解題剖析】此題屬于細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解中的（1）一一對(duì)應(yīng)型。答案與題目在表達(dá)形式和意義上干脆吻合，一一對(duì)應(yīng)，一目了然?！敬鸢付ㄎ弧恳罁?jù)RodeoDrive,BeverlyHillsSundayDecember部分中的最終一句“youcanswingbythePaleyCentertomeetSantaorboardatrolleybuswithMrs.Claus.”?！就评黻P(guān)系】題干WhereshouldyougotohaveabusridewithMrs.Claus??文章內(nèi)容SantaorboardatrolleybuswithMrs.Claus.【答案】SantaorboardatrolleybuswithMrs.Claus.?C選項(xiàng)RodeoDrive,BeverlyHills.【2題詳解】B細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題解題。依據(jù)“CulverCityDowntownHolidayTreeLightingCelebration”中的第一句“…respectablegreentree:a22-footRockyMountainpinewithover7,500LEDlights.”……一棵綠色的樹，它是一座22英尺高的落基山松樹，有7500多個(gè)LED燈。分析本句可知這是一棵來自落基山的圣誕樹。故選B.【3題詳解】B推理推斷題。依據(jù)HollywoodChristmasParade一段中“.theannualHollywoodChristmasParadewillfeature…Reservedseatscanbepurchased,butfreesideseatingisalsoavailable.”分析本段可知在游行期間可花錢預(yù)訂座位觀看大游行的，故選B。BNeilJordan,aconservationbiologist,hascomeupwithanovelmethodforprotectingcattlefromAfricanlions:painteyesontheirbehinds.Thelionswillthinktheirintendedprey（獵物）hasseenthemandwillgiveup,sincethey'velosttheelementofsurprise.Thispsychologicaltrickeryhasbeencalled"iCow",whichisactuallynotasstrangeasitsounds.Theeye-likepatternsonbutterflywingsareknowntopreventpreyingbirdsandwoodcuttersinIndianforestswearmasksonthebacksoftheirheadswhenworkingtodiscouragehungrytigers.TheinspirationfortheiCowstrategycamewhileJordanwasbasedinavillageinBotswana,whentwolionesseswerekilledbylocalfarmerstorevengetheircattle'sdeath.TheAfricanlionisavulnerablespecies,withnumbersdroppingfromover100,000inthe1990stoabout30,000today.Muchofthatdeclineisduetothesekindsofrevengefulkillingsbecausefarmershavenoeffectivestrategiesforprotectingtheirherds."Lionsarehuntersthatliketoattackbysurprise.Theymoveslowly,quietly,andcarefullytotheirprey,getclose,andjumponthemunseen,"hesaid.WhenJordanwaswatchingalionfollowanantelopeoneday,henoticedtheliongaveupthehuntoncetheantelopespottedit.Sohejoinedoneofthelocalfarmersona10-weektrialstudy,paintingeyesonone-thirdofaherdof62cattle.Whenthecattlereturnedeachnight,theytookaheadcounttoseehowmanyhadsurvived.Onlythreecowswerekilledbylionsduringthisperiod-allwithoutthepaintedeyesontheirbehinds.Andallthepaintedcowssurvived.However,Jordanwarnedthatsofarthisisjustapromisingidea.HeisnowbackinBotswanaforamoreambitiousstudy,equippedwithGPSdevicestobettermonitorthemovementofpredators（捕食者）andprey.4.TheiCowstrategyisdesignedto.A.killthelions B.scareoffPredatorsC.identifycattle D.havefun5.Whenhunting,lionsliketo.A.giveuphalfway B.hesitatetotakeactionC.chasetheirpreysteadily D.launchsurprisingattacks6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"vulnerable"meaninthethirdparagraph?A.badlybehaved B.likelytoattackC.easilycheated D.easilydamaged7.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.NeilJordangottheinspirationfromthepatternsonbutterflywings.B.Inthe10-weektrialstudy,morecattlewerekilled.C.TheiCowstrategyislikelytobringgreatbenefit.D.Thefarmerswillcontinuetotaketheirrevengeonthelions.【答案】4.B5.D6.D7.C【解析】本文屬于科技類文章。本文主要介紹了一種叫icow的策略，讓非洲獅子失去捕殺動(dòng)物的愛好，進(jìn)而愛護(hù)了他們?！?題詳解】B推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段、二段可知是尼爾喬丹，想出了一個(gè)愛護(hù)牲畜不被非洲獅捕獵的新方法：在它們的后面畫上眼睛。獅子會(huì)認(rèn)為他們的獵物已經(jīng)看到他們而會(huì)放棄捕殺，這就是theiCow，故選B。5題詳解】D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段第一句“Lionsarehuntersthatliketoattackbysurprise.”可知獅子是喜愛突然攻擊的獵人。故選D。【6題詳解】D名師點(diǎn)睛】詞義揣測型依據(jù)邏輯推理揣測詞義在閱讀理解題中，所考查的詞或短語的意義往往不停留在字面上，要依據(jù)短文供應(yīng)的語境，通過閱讀上下文，依據(jù)已知的信息或常識(shí)來推想尚不熟識(shí)的詞或詞組的含義。運(yùn)用邏輯推理揣測詞義是運(yùn)用最廣考查最多也最易失分的猜詞方式。要求考生具備整合分散、困難信息的實(shí)力，充分利用上下文中相關(guān)的詞匯并結(jié)合詳細(xì)的語境，從形式和內(nèi)容上把握語言之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，理順語言之間的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)而達(dá)到猜詞的目的。常見的邏輯關(guān)系有：因果關(guān)系，同位關(guān)系，對(duì)比關(guān)系，轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系等?！窘忸}剖析】此題屬于揣測詞義中的（4）：依據(jù)邏輯推理揣測詞義。答案須要推斷avulnerablespecies和decline因果關(guān)系?！敬鸢付ㄎ弧恳罁?jù)文章第三段依據(jù)“TheAfricanlionisavulnerablespecies,withnumbersdroppingfromover100,000inthe1990stoabout30,000today.Muchofthatdeclineisduetothesekindsofrevengefulkillings…”可推知：此處avulnerablespecies和decline因果關(guān)系?！就评黻P(guān)系】題干Whatdoestheunderlinedword"vulnerable"meaninthethirdparagraph??文章內(nèi)容withnumbersdroppingfromover100,000inthe1990stoabout30,000today.Muchofthatdeclineisduetothesekindsofrevengefulkillings…非洲獅數(shù)字下降從100000年頭到今日的30000。下跌很大程度上是由于這類報(bào)復(fù)性被殺，可知是因?yàn)槿祟惒稓?，即很簡單被殺【答案】easilydamaged和dropping…Muchofthatdeclineisduetothesekindsofrevengefulkillings因果關(guān)系?AD.選項(xiàng)easilydamaged.【7題詳解】C主旨大意題。依據(jù)最終一段中講到一個(gè)為期10周的試驗(yàn)“Onlythreecowswerekilledbylionsduringthisperiod-allwithoutthepaintedeyesontheirbehinds..Andallthepaintedcowssurvived.However,Jordanwarnedthatsofarthisisjustapromisingidea”，被畫了眼睛的牛沒有被獅子殺死，然而，Jordan提示說，到目前為止，這只是一個(gè)很有希望的想法。分析此段可知這個(gè)策略可能是帶來很大好處的。故選C。CTheshower,Ifind,isthebestplacetocry.Thewatercoversthesoundofmysadness,whilewashingawayanyevidenceofmypain.Ishowerafterthekidshavegonetobed;it'stheonlytimeIcanbealone.Ialwaysdidmybesttoprotectmytwochildrenfrommytears.IfIneededtocry,Icriedbymyself.Yet,Iencouragemytwoboystocry.My7-year-oldprideshimselfonnevercryingatschool."Oh,butyoumustcry,"Iinsist."Cryingisgood.Itgetsthesadnessout.Neverholdbackyourtears."ButthenIdidjustthat.Whatmightitdotothemtoseetheirmotherupset?Thenmyfatherdied,andtherewasnowayIcouldschedulemygriefandkeepmyfeelingsinside.Itriedtogetonwiththings,butthesadnessstillcame.Therealizationthatmydadwasactuallygonehitmewithanintensity（驚慌）thatwasimpossibletocoverup.Tomysurprise,myboysdidn'tseemtooalarmed.Later,theyfoundmehidinginthebedroomoneafternoon,weeping."It'sOK,mommiesgetsadtoo,"Itoldthem,smilingthroughmytears.“Don'tbesad,Mommy.Granddadiscomingbackasababy,”my7-year-oldsaid,histinyarmstretchedacrossmyshoulders."Thinkaboutlove,"hewenton."Thinkaboutallthepeoplewholoveyou."Irealizedthatinhidingmypain,Iwasonlydenyingwhatitmeanstobehuman,IfeltasifIhadledmysonstobelievethat"negative"emotionsareonlyaconcept,andnotsomethingtheyshouldpossess.It'sonethingtotellmychildrenit'sOKtocry.It'sanothertoshowthemhowit'sdone.Weowethattoourchildren,accordingtosocialresearcherandauthorBreneBrown.DuringherTEDtalk,Brownsaid,"It'snecessarywebeseen—deeplyseen"."Ourjobisnottoprotectourchildren,tokeepthemperfect,"saidBrown."Ourjobistolookandsay,‘you'reimperfect,andyou'remadeforstruggles,butyouareworthyofloveandbelonging’."8.Accordingtothepassage,theauthor.A.seldomscheduleshergrief B.believesboysshouldbetoughC.findsinspirationwhensheshowers D.oftengetshersadnessout9.Wherewastheauthorwhenshewasfoundcryingbyherson?A.Inthebathroom. B.Intheauthor'sbedroom.C.Inherfather'shouse. D.Inthekitchen.10.Whatdidtheauthorrealizeaftershefailedtohideherpain?A.Hisson'swordsweremovingandcomforting.B.Hersoncompletelyunderstoodhersadness.C.Thewayshehandledsadnesshadmisledherchildren.D.Herchildrendidn'tworryabouthersadnessatall.11.Thearticleismeanttotellparentsthattheyshould.A.tellkidsit'snotallrighttocryB.getanyoftheiremotionsoutC.pushchildrentoworktowardperfectionD.teachtheirchildrenhowtodealwithgrief【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.D【解析】本文是記敘文。主要講解并描述了作者常在孩子睡覺時(shí)自己躲在衛(wèi)生間哭泣，由此讓孩子們誤認(rèn)為哭泣是不好的。這讓作者反思，相識(shí)到應(yīng)當(dāng)教會(huì)孩子知道如何正確處理自己的哀痛?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“Theshower,Ifind,isthebestplacetocry.”（我發(fā)覺淋浴是最好的哭泣的地方）可知作者盡力不讓孩子知道自己哭，但卻激勵(lì)孩子們?cè)摽迺r(shí)要哭，故B是錯(cuò)誤的。依據(jù)第一段中作者假如要哭的話是在孩子睡覺后在浴室哭，可知C是錯(cuò)誤的，依據(jù)前三段尤其是第三段第一句可知作者平常不會(huì)讓自己哭的，是怕孩子無所適從，故D是錯(cuò)誤的。但在她父親死后無法限制自己的心情，故A是正確的?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“.Later,theyfoundmehidinginthebedroomoneafternoon,weeping.”（后來，他們發(fā)覺我在一個(gè)下午躲在臥房里哭泣。）可知當(dāng)兒子發(fā)覺她哭時(shí)，她正在自己的臥房，由此可知選B?！?0題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段前兩句“.Irealizedthatinhidingmypain,Iwasonlydenyingwhatitmeanstobehuman,IfeltasifIhadledmysonstobelievethat"negative"emotionsareonlyaconcept,andnotsomethingtheyshouldpossess.”（我意識(shí)到，隱藏我的苦痛時(shí)，我只是否定了哭泣對(duì)人類意味著什么，我覺得我似乎讓我的兒子信任“負(fù)面”心情只是一個(gè)概念，而不是他們應(yīng)當(dāng)擁有的東西。）以及在其次段中的“My7-year-oldprideshimselfonnevercryingatschool.”（7歲的兒子驕傲自己從不在學(xué)?？蕖＃┓治鲞@兩句可知孩子覺得我躲在臥房哭似乎誤導(dǎo)了兒子信任我不應(yīng)當(dāng)哭，故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀本文可知作者為了愛護(hù)孩子，從不在兒子面前哭泣，從而讓孩子誤認(rèn)為哭泣是不對(duì)，“Ourjobistolookandsay,‘you'reimperfect,andyou'remadeforstruggles,butyouareworthyofloveandbelonging’.”（“我們的工作就是看著他們，告知他們:你并不完備，你注定要奮斗，但你值得被愛，值得擁有歸屬感?！保┮虼俗髡咦罱K相識(shí)到應(yīng)當(dāng)教會(huì)孩子知道如何正確處理自己的哀痛。故選D。DVinegarmakessalad，friesanddumplingstastebetter，andyoucanevenuseittocleanyourwindows．Andnow，accordingtoscientists，itmayeventheplanet'spopulationsurviveclimatechange．ResearchersfromtheRIKENCenterforSustainableResourceScience（CSRS）inJapanfoundthatgrowingplantsinvinegarmakesthemmoreresistanttodroughts．Thiscouldmeanthatinthefuture，worriesaboutclimatechangeaffectingtheworld'ssupplyoffoodwillbemuchlower．ThediscoverywasmadeaftertheresearchersstudiedtheArabidopsis，aplantknownforitsabilitytosurviveindryweather．Itwasfoundthatwhentheplantwasplacedindrought﹣likeconditions，itproducedachemicalcalledacetate（醋酸鹽）﹣themaincomponentofvinegar．Afterdiscoveringthis，thescientistsexperimentedfurtherbyaddingacetatetothesoilofotherplants，beforetheystoppedgivingthemwatercompletely．Afterleavingtheplantsfor14days，theyfoundthattheonestreatedwithacetatehadsurvived，whiletheuntreatedplantshaddriedupanddied．It'shopedthatthissimplemethodofsurvivalcouldsoonbeusedtohelpfarmersindrycountrieskeeptheircropsalive．"Intheexperiment，wetargetedthestaplefoodsoftheworld﹣rice，wheatandmaize﹣andthebasicplantofbreedingspecies，rapeseed（油菜籽），"JongMyongKim，co﹣authorofthestudy，toldPopularSciencemagazine．Kimalsotoldthemagazinehe'salreadybeenintouchwithpeopleallovertheworldwhoareinterestedintryingthissimpleandcost﹣effectivemethodoutforthemselvesfromflowergrowingcompaniestoamateurgardeners．Althoughatthispointkeepingthirstyplantsaliveisn'taseasyasjustpouringvinegaroverthem，Kimsaidheandhisteamareworkingonmakingtheprocessassimpleaspossible．"Nowwearetryingtocooperatewithsomefarmers，andalsosomecompanies，tomakeamethodtoapplythissystem，"hesaid．Andforthoseofuswhoalwaysforgettoaskourneighborstowaterourplantswhenwegoaway，hopefullythismeanstheendofreturninghomefromatriptofindourfavoriteflowershavedied．12.Whatisthearticlemainlyabout？A.Theworld'sfoodsupplywillbeincreased．B.Plantsbettersurvivedroughts．C.TheArabidopsisisresistanttodroughts．D.Vinegarcouldbeusedtofightdroughts．13.Itwasdiscoveredthatacetatecan．A.beusedbyfarmerstoreplacesoilB.onlybeproducedbytheArabidopsisC.helpplantssurvivedryconditionsD.beusedtoimprovepoorsoil14.Whatarethetargetplantsoftheexperiment？A.allbreedingspecies．B.wheatandArabidopisis．C.riceandmaize．D.rapeseedandArabidopisis．15.JongMyongKim'sexperimentoftryingoutthemethod．A.canmakepeople'stripspleasantB.turnedoutaworldwidesuccessC.isassimpleaspouringvinegarovertheplantsD.appealstomanyflowergrowingcompanies【答案】12.D13.C14.C15.D【解析】本文屬于科普類文章。醋不僅使食物味道更好，還可以用它來清潔你的窗戶。探討發(fā)覺醋中生長的植物，使它們更耐干旱?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知本文主要講解并描述了醋能讓植物在干旱的環(huán)境中生存，即能抗擊干旱，故選D?！?3題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段最終“Thediscoverywas…theArabidopsis,aplantknownforitsabilitytosurviveindryweather.Itwasfoundthatwhentheplantwasplacedindrought-likeconditions,itproducedachemicalcalledacetate（醋酸鹽）—themaincomponentofvinegar.”及第三段“byaddingacetatetothesoilofotherplants,…h(huán)adsurvived,”分析可知探討人員發(fā)覺Arabidopsis中的主要成分Arabidopsis能讓植物在干旱的條件下生存，故選C?！?4題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中的“Intheexperiment,wetargetedthestaplefoodsoftheworld—rice,wheatandmaize—andthebasicplantofbreedingspecies,rapeseed,”可知在試驗(yàn)中，主要針對(duì)大米，小麥和玉米等。故選C。【15題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的第一句“Kim…h(huán)e'salreadybeenintouchwithpeopleallovertheworldwhoareinterestedintryingthissimpleandcost-effectivemethodoutforthemselvesfromflowergrowingcompaniestoamateurgardeners”分析本句可知Kim已與對(duì)此感愛好的花卉種植公司聯(lián)系，也就是吸引這些公司。故選D。其次節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Haveyoueverheardofabug（蟲子）calledthecicada（蟬）?Well,aspecialkindofthesebugsliveundergroundintheUSformostoftheirlives.Theyhaveaninterestingbio-clock.___16___Every17years,billionsofthenoisyBroodVcicadaswillswarm（涌現(xiàn)）tonortheasternpartsoftheUS,includingNewYork,OhioandPennsylvania.___17___ButthereareusuallyalotlessofthemcomparedtotheBroodVcicadas.___18___AccordingtoDiscoveryNews,thesebugsstartedtheirlivesin1999.Andastheir17-yearlifecyclecomestoanend,theygoabovegroundwhentheirundergroundhomesgetwarmer—64degreesFahrenheit(about18℃)tobeexact.Thenthefemaleswilllayhundredsofeggsintrees.___19___Thebabycicadaswillgounderground,andthe17-yearcyclewillstartoveragain.Whiletheycanbekindofannoying,thesebugsdon'tharmhumans.___20___Thatsoundisthemalecicadasattractingthefemalecicadas.Besides,alargeamountoflaideggscansometimesharmsmalltreesandbushesbecausetherearesomanyofthe17-yearcicadas.However,afterthissummer,thesebugswillmostlymindtheirownbusinessuntil2033.A.Theyfeedonleavesandroots.B.Ittellsthemwhentogoaboveground.C.WhatmakesBroodVcicadassospecial?D.Buttheydomakealotofnoiseduringtheirtimeaboveground.E.Afteraboutfourtosixweeks,themotherandfathercicadaswilldie.F.Foradifferentbroodofcicadas,matingseasonisjustaroundthecorner.G.Thereareotherkindsofcicadasthatcomearoundonceayearorevery13years.【答案】16.B17.G18.C19.E20.D【解析】本文屬于科普文章。主要講解并描述了有一種蟬，每17年就會(huì)大量涌向美國的地面?！?6題詳解】B考查對(duì)上下文的理解與推理推斷實(shí)力。依據(jù)上句可知這種蟬一生中大部分時(shí)間生活在美國的地下，但它們有一個(gè)好玩的生物鐘，可以喚醒它們出現(xiàn)到地面上，故選B?！?7題詳解】G考查對(duì)上下文的理解與推理推斷實(shí)力。本空前面的內(nèi)容說數(shù)十億育雛V蟬的涌現(xiàn)，空后說有一種比它們少。分析選項(xiàng)G項(xiàng)（有其他種類的蟬，一年一次或每13年一次）明顯符合題意，形成對(duì)比對(duì)。故選G項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】C考查對(duì)上下文的理解與推理推斷實(shí)力。依據(jù)空后本段內(nèi)容可知主要敘述這種蟬的生活特性。分析選項(xiàng)可知C項(xiàng)可知符全題意。故選C?！?9題詳解】E考查對(duì)上下文的理解與推理推斷實(shí)力。空后講解并描述幼蟲的回到地下，17年后又一個(gè)輪回，可知是生死輪回。分析選項(xiàng)可知E.幼蟬的父母死去，幼蟲的誕生符合題意，故選E?！?0題詳解】D考查對(duì)上下文的理解與推理推斷實(shí)力。分析空前內(nèi)容可知蟬雖然對(duì)人類無害，但卻讓人生氣。尤其是第一句的詞“kindofannoying”，正與D項(xiàng)（但是他們?cè)诘厣系臅r(shí)候的確發(fā)出很多噪音）相符合。故選D。第三部分英語學(xué)問運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每越所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。DuringthemonthIspentstudyinginEnglandlastsummer,onedaystoodout.Iwasonly16andIwaslooseonthestreetsofLondon.Thefreedomwaswonderful,___21___forsomeonewhohadlivedinasmalltownallherlife,thecityrepresentedaworldof___22___.Thiswasnotmyfirst___23___toLondon.Ayearearlier,Ihadbeentherewithmymother,tryingto___24___allthemajorsightseeingattractionsinmerelythreedays.Thattripwas___25___butwonderful,butthistimeIwasgratefultobeabletosimplyenjoythe___26___andculture.MyfriendandIdiscussedwhereweshouldgo,anddecidedtogo___27___.ThisledustoCoventGarden,homeofthegiantDocMarten'sstoreandtrendycafes.ThemarketareaisoneofmyfavoriteplacesinLondon.It'sagreatplaceto___28___:Youcanfindeverythingfromthelatestfashionstosouvenirsthatcan___29___befoundinEngland.Thestreet___30___,fromclassicalmusicianstomagicians,werefully___31___.Manytouristsgatheredto___32___them.Ididnotlinger（逗留）becauseIwas___33___justtofeeltheactivityinthestreetratherthanbecomea___34___ofit.Asthesunset,weheadedtotheRiverThames.Theriveritselfis___35___specialtolookat;the___36___oftenappearsmuddy,andnoonewouldliketoswiminit.Buttheviewmakesthevisit___37___.Fromthere,youcanseeitall:theTowerofLondon,theHouses:ofParliament,St.Paul'sCathedralandtheTateModernMuseum.AsIstoodonthebridgetakinginmy___38___,Irealizedwhatanincrediblyrichhistorythecityhad.Overthenexthundredyears,thecitymaychangeasolderbuildingswillprobably___39___biggerstructures,butcertainelementswill___40___.21.A.although B.because C.unless D.while22.A.excitement B.wealth C.development D.challenge23.A.access B.visit C.reaction D.introduction24.A.pass B.know C.cover D.hear25.A.boring B.tiring C.relaxing D.important26.A.food B.education C.atmosphere D.economy27.A.cycling B.eating C.climbing D.shopping28.A.rest B.explore C.exercise D.develop29.A.even B.nearly C.almost D.only30.A.police B.judges C.performers D.dealers31.A.courageous B.appealing C.noisy D.proud32.A.assist B.question C.watch D.protect33.A.satisfied B.anxious C.unwilling D.puzzled34.A.guest B.group C.part D.tourist35.A.something B.nothing C.everything D.anything36.A.land B.water C.lake D.sea37.A.practical B.worthwhile C.awful D.disappointing38.A.findings B.feelings C.surroundings D.conditions39.A.catchupwith B.makeuseof C.taketheplaceof D.givewayto40.A.appear B.exist C.remain D.burst【答案】21.B22.A23.B24.C25.B26.C27.D28.B29.D30.C31.B32.C33.A34.C35.B36.B37.B38.C39.D40.C【解析】本文屬于旅游類文章。主要講解并描述了自己曾在英國學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)在倫敦的一次旅游經(jīng)驗(yàn)?！?1題詳解】B考查連詞辨析。although盡管，雖然，但是；because因?yàn)椋籾nless除非；while然而，卻。因?yàn)閬碜砸粋€(gè)小城，所以才覺得到國際大都市是那么的令人激烈。因此是因果關(guān)系，故選B?！?2題詳解】A考查名詞辨析。excitement激烈；wealth富有；development發(fā)展，開發(fā)；challenge挑戰(zhàn)。一個(gè)來自小城的人到一個(gè)國際大都市肯定特別激烈，故選A?！?3題詳解】B考查名詞辨析。access入口，接近，進(jìn)入；visit訪問，參觀；reaction反應(yīng)；introduction介紹，引言。這不是我第一次來倫敦。依據(jù)后面內(nèi)容可知曾來過，故選B。【24題詳解】C考查動(dòng)詞辨析。pass及格，通過；know知道；cover覆蓋，涉及，包括；hear聽到。句意：一年前，我和母親來到這里，那時(shí)只想在三天內(nèi)巡游全部主要的觀光景點(diǎn)。要參觀完全部的景點(diǎn)，也就是包括全部的景點(diǎn)。故選C。【25題詳解】B考查形容詞。boring無聊的，無趣的，令人厭煩的；tiring累人的，令人疲乏的，麻煩的；relaxing令人輕松的；important重要的。依據(jù)前面的內(nèi)容可知作者在三天內(nèi)閱讀那么多的地方肯定是很累的。故選B?！?6題詳解】C考查名詞。Food食物；education教化；atmosphere氣氛，氛圍；economy經(jīng)濟(jì)。句意;但這次我只是享受一下這里的氣氛和文化。享受的是一個(gè)地方的氛圍和文化，故選C。【27題詳解】D考查動(dòng)詞辨析。cycling騎腳踏車兜風(fēng)；.eating飲食；climbing登山；shopping購物。后面的store的有提示可知是購物。故選D。【28題詳解】B考查動(dòng)詞。rest休息；explore探險(xiǎn)，探究；exercise熬煉，練習(xí)；develop開發(fā)，前進(jìn)。依據(jù)下文中提到的最新的時(shí)尚及紀(jì)念品等，可知是去探究，故選B。【29題詳解】D考查副詞。Even甚至；nearly幾乎，差不多；almost幾乎；only只，僅僅。句意：只有在英國才能找到的紀(jì)念品。正因?yàn)橹挥性谟拍苷业降募o(jì)念品才值得探究，故選D。【30題詳解】C考查名詞。police警察；judges法官；performers表演者；dealers商家。句意：街頭藝人，從古典音樂家到魔術(shù)師。分析后面的內(nèi)容可知是表演者，也就是藝人。故選C?！?1題詳解】B考查形容詞辨析。courageous英勇的，無畏的；appealing吸引人的，令人心動(dòng)的；noisy嘈雜的，吵吵鬧鬧的；proud驕傲的。分析可知這些藝人的表演都很吸引人的。故選B?！?2題詳解】C考查動(dòng)詞辨析。Assist幫助；question質(zhì)問；watch觀看；protect愛護(hù)。好多游客聚集來觀看他們的表演。觀看他們的表演，故選C。【33題詳解】A考查形容詞辨析。satisfied感到滿足/足的；anxious著急的；unwilling不情愿的；puzzled感到困惑的。對(duì)于這些活動(dòng)我特別滿足，故選A。【34題詳解】C考查名詞辨析。Guest客人；group組，團(tuán)體；part部分，作用，角色；tourist旅行者，觀光客。becomeapartof，成為…的一部分。句意：我只是滿足于感受這一切而不是參加到這些活動(dòng)。【35題詳解】B考查代詞。Something某些東西；nothing沒有什么；everything一切；anything任何東西。句意：這條河本身并沒有什么特殊之處，故選B?！?6題詳解】B考查名詞。Land土地；water水；lake河流；.Sea海洋。句意：河里的水常常顯得的渾濁。此處指的是泰晤士河中的水，故選B。【37題詳解】B考查形容詞。Practical實(shí)踐的，實(shí)際的；worthwhile值得做的，值得花時(shí)間的；awful糟糕的?？膳碌?。disappointing令人悲觀的。下文提到從這兒可望見好多的景點(diǎn)，可知到這兒來還是值得的，故選B.【38題詳解】C考查名詞。Findings發(fā)覺；feelings感情，心情，心情；surroundings四周的事物/環(huán)境；conditions條件。我站在橋上巡游四周的環(huán)境。站在橋上巡游的是四周的環(huán)境，故選C?！?9題詳解】D考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。catchupwith跟上；makeuseof利用；taketheplaceof代替；givewayto讓步，讓位給…,。句意：在將來的一百年里，城市可能會(huì)發(fā)生變更，因?yàn)榕f建筑可能會(huì)讓位給更大的建筑。AtaketheplaceofB=BgivewaytoA.【名師點(diǎn)睛】taketheplaceof和givewayto的區(qū)分1.taketheplaceof代替，取代，接替。1）Insemiconductorreceiverstransistorstaketheplaceofvacuumtubes.在半導(dǎo)體收音機(jī)中晶體管代替了真空管。2）westarttoworryaboutwhetherAIwouldtaketheplaceofhumansomedayinthefuture.我們起先擔(dān)憂人工智能在將來的某一天將會(huì)代替人類。(可改為westarttoworryaboutwhetherhumanwouldgivewaytoAIsomedayinthefuture.)2.givewayto給……讓路，給……讓路，為…所替代；聽?wèi){確定為…所替代；屈服。1)AsprintandbroadcastgivewaytotheDigitalAge,themediaareinupheaval.隨著出版和廣播在數(shù)字時(shí)代退居二位，媒體發(fā)生了劇變2)Wethinkthatscienceshouldnotgivewaytopolitics.我們信任科學(xué)不應(yīng)為政治讓路。(本句也可改為Wethinkthatpoliticsshouldnottaketheplaceofscience)【40題詳解】C考查動(dòng)詞。appear出現(xiàn)；exist存在，生存；remain留下，剩下，保持；burst爆裂，炸破。句意：城市可能會(huì)變更，因?yàn)榕f建筑可能會(huì)讓位給更大的建筑，但某些元素將接著存在。故選C。第三部分英語學(xué)問運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）其次節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。HeadtoalmostanybarbershoponSaturdayorSunday,andyouwillseeatleastonekid___41___(wait)withanadulttogetahaircut.It'sdowntime（非工作時(shí)間）anditcouldeasilybecomereadingtimeiftherewerebooksaround.Americanofficialspartneredwithnon-profit___42___(organization)tosetupasmalllibraryatEddie'sHairDesign,abarbershopinWashington."Ontheweekendalotofkidscome,"saidKate,___43___hasownedEddie'sfor24years.GenePinkardwasaheadmasterofaschooljustablockawayfromEddie's.OftengettinghishaircutatEddie's,he___44___(find)kidsoftenspenthourstherewiththeirparents."Itmakessense___45___(provide)themwithsomethingage-appropriatetoreadinstead___46___magazinesonlyavailableforadultcustomers,"saidPinkard.Noweachchild___47___(offer)alittlepileofbookstoreadatthebarbershop.Thebooksaredonatedbythenon-profitRea