2024年中考英語二輪語法復(fù)習(xí)專題　代詞

專題代詞中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)語法梳理1知識(shí)梳理2考點(diǎn)精講精練人稱代詞、物主代詞與反身代詞知識(shí)點(diǎn)1

類別人稱

人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞主格賓格形容詞性名詞性第一人稱單數(shù)Imemyminemyself復(fù)數(shù)weusouroursourselves第二人稱單數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourself復(fù)數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourselves人稱代詞、物主代詞與反身代詞知識(shí)點(diǎn)1類別人稱人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞主格賓格形容詞性名詞性第一人稱單數(shù)Imemyminemyself復(fù)數(shù)weusouroursourselves第二人稱單數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourself復(fù)數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人稱單數(shù)hehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsitsitself復(fù)數(shù)theythemtheirtheirsthemselves

1.人稱代詞人稱代詞有人稱、數(shù)和格的變化，有主格和賓格之分。通常主格用作主語，賓格用作賓語或表語。(1)主格通常用在動(dòng)詞前作主語。如:Ilikeapples.我喜歡蘋果。(2)賓格通常用在動(dòng)詞或介詞后作賓語。如:HeoftenhelpsmelearnEnglish.他經(jīng)常幫助我學(xué)習(xí)英語。(動(dòng)詞后作賓語)Myyoungerbrotherisill.We’reworriedabouthim.我弟弟生病了，我們很擔(dān)心他。(介詞后作賓語)2.物主代詞物主代詞表示所屬關(guān)系，分為形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞，有人稱和數(shù)之分。形容詞性物主代詞具有形容詞的功能，不能單獨(dú)使用，用在名詞前作限定詞。名詞性物主代詞具有名詞的特征，其后不跟名詞，名詞性物主代詞＝形容詞性物主代詞＋名詞。如:Thispenismine.(＝Thisismypen.)這支鋼筆是我的。3.反身代詞反身代詞表示“某人自己”的意思，是人稱代詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式，一般用在賓語和主語是同一人的情況下，或用來強(qiáng)調(diào)某人親自做某事。其變化規(guī)則為:單數(shù)后面加-self，復(fù)數(shù)后面加-selves。一般用作動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語。反身代詞的常見搭配:enjoyoneself玩得開心；過得愉快teachoneself＝learn...byoneself自學(xué)byoneself＝alone獨(dú)自

hurtoneself傷著自己helponeselftosth.隨便吃點(diǎn)東西

lookafteroneself照顧自己leavesb.byoneself把某人單獨(dú)留下

dressoneself自己穿衣服loseoneselfin陶醉于……；沉浸于……1.(2022·杭州)Doingchoreshelpstodevelopchildren’sindependenceandteachesthemhowtolookaftert

hemselves

?.

2.(2022·眉山)—Mary，doyouknowwhichsweaterisLily’s？—Theredoneish

ers

?.

3.WhenIpassedbyjustnow，Iheard

him

?(he)talkingloudlyinthenextroom.

4.(2022·永州)Don’tbeafraidofasking

your

?(you)parentsorteachersforhelpifyouareintrouble.

hemselvesershimyour學(xué)以致用5.(2022·龍東)Ialwaystell

myself

?(I)nottogiveupeverytimeIfail.

6.(2022·常德)Itisnotonlyoneofthemostfamousplaces，butalsooneof

its

?(it)greatestmysteries.

7.Mary’sbirthdayiscoming.We’vedecidedtomakeacakefor

her

?(she).

8.Mikehaslost

his

?(he)newwatch.Heislookingforiteverywhere.

9.(2022·新疆)Hishometownisfamousfortea，and

mine

?(我的)isfamousforpearsandgrapes.

10.(2022·揚(yáng)州)Mumjoinedourlittlegroupandintroduced

herself

?toournewfriends.(她自己)

myselfitsherhismineherself指示代詞知識(shí)點(diǎn)2指示代詞是表示指示概念的代詞，在句中可作主語、表語、賓語和定語。常見的指示代詞包括:this這個(gè)；that那個(gè)；these這些；those那些。these

those

it

one

that1.TheweatherinBeijingiscolderthan

that

?inGuangzhouinwinter.

2.Onlyasmallnumberofpeoplewentabroadin

those

?days.

3.Molly，mydictionaryisn’there.Doyouhave

one

?？

4.Ican’tfindmyticket.IthinkImayhavelost

it

?.

5.Idon’thavemuchtimetoread

these

?days.

thatthoseoneitthese學(xué)以致用不定代詞知識(shí)點(diǎn)3不明確指代某個(gè)(些)人、某個(gè)(些)事物而起名詞或形容詞作用的代詞叫做不定代詞。不定代詞沒有主格和賓格之分。常見的不定代詞如下:類別肯定意義的不定代詞both，all，each，either，many，much，afew，alittle，one，other(s)，theother(s)，someone，somebody，something，anyone，anybody，anything否定意義的不定代詞neither，none，nobody，nothing，few，little功能在句中可作主語、賓語、表語等

1.普通不定代詞(1)some與any代詞用法例句some一般用于肯定句中；但在疑問句中，當(dāng)說話者希望得到肯定回答或表達(dá)請(qǐng)求、建議時(shí)應(yīng)用some。Somechildrenareflyingkitesinthepark.一些孩子在公園里放風(fēng)箏。Wouldyoulikesomecoffee？你要咖啡嗎？代詞用法例句any多用于疑問句、否定句或條件句中；用于肯定句中表示“任何”。Isthereanywaterinthebottle？瓶子里有水嗎？IcanseeyouatanytimeonMonday.星期一任何時(shí)間我都能見你。相同點(diǎn):都表示“一些”。既可修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。

(2)many與much代詞用法例句many修飾可數(shù)名詞。Therearemanystudentsontheplayground.操場(chǎng)上有很多學(xué)生。much修飾不可數(shù)名詞。Don’teattoomuchjunkfood.不要吃太多垃圾食品。相同點(diǎn):(1)都表示“許多”。都可以和表示程度的副詞so，how等連用。(2)都可與alotof/lotsof/plentyof互換使用；alotof/lotsof/plentyof既可修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞。

(3)few，afew，little與alittle(講解詳見P18七下Units5—6知識(shí)點(diǎn)3)(4)each與every(5)all，both，neither與either(講解詳見P92九上Unit2知識(shí)點(diǎn)2)(6)other，theother，others，theothers與another(講解詳見P37八上Unit1知識(shí)點(diǎn)10)(7)none與noone2.復(fù)合不定代詞somebodyanybodyeverybodynobodysomeoneanyoneeveryonenoonesomethinganythingeverythingnothing

(1)由some-和any-構(gòu)成的復(fù)合不定代詞，其區(qū)別與some和any的區(qū)別基本相同。(2)nobody，nothing與noone表示否定意義。(3)復(fù)合不定代詞常作主語、賓語或表語，不能作定語。作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如:Everythinggoeswell.一切順利。(4)當(dāng)形容詞或else修飾復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)，形容詞或else必須后置。如:There’snothinginterestingintoday’snewspaper.今天的報(bào)紙上沒有有趣的事情。Canyoutalktoanyoneelse？你能和別的人談?wù)剢?？用適當(dāng)?shù)拇~填空。(每空一詞)1.—WhatdidyoursisterbuyforyourmotheronMother’sDay？—

Nothing

?.Shemadeacardforher.

2.—Whenshallwegoswimming，thisFridayorSaturday？—

Either

?isOK.I’llbefreethisweek.

3.Hurryup，kids！Theschoolbusiscoming.Wehave

little

?timeleft.

4.ThesportsmeetingwillbeheldinSeptember，but

nobody

?knowsthedateforsure.

NothingEitherlittlenobody學(xué)以致用5.Thereisn’t

any

?milkinthefridge.Weneedtogoshopping.

6.Mycomputerdoesn’twork.Theremustbe

something

?wrongwithit.

7.LiHuaistallerthanany

other

?boyinhisclass.

8.

Both

?ofthetwinsarefondofsports.

9.ItriedtwobookstoresforthebookIwanted，but

neither

?ofthemhadit.

anysomethingotherBothneither10.Whenfeelingpressure，manystudentsdon’twanttosleeporeat

anything

?.

anything11.Inthefaceofdanger，allthefirefighterswerebraveand

none

?ofthemgaveup.

none疑問代詞知識(shí)點(diǎn)4疑問代詞通常位于句子開頭，用來引導(dǎo)特殊疑問句，并在句中充當(dāng)某一句子成分，包括who，whom，whose，what，which等。1.—

Whose

?bikeisthat？

—Youmeantheblueone？It’sDavid’s.2.—

What

?willyoudoforyourfatheronFather’sDay？

—I’llmakeacard.3.—

Which

?teacherwillyoumissthemostafterjuniorhighschool，Lisa？

—Ms.Jiang.WhoseWhatWhich學(xué)以致用4.—

Who

?isfriendlier，Mr.GaoorMissChen？

—IthinkMissChenisfriendlier.Who一、根據(jù)語境，用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.—Whatisyoursister’sfavoritecolor？—

Her

?(she)favoritecolorispurple，theColoroftheYearfor2022.

2.—MaybeIcan’tpasstheEnglishtestthistime，Mum.—Don’tworry.Believein

yourself

?(you).

3.—IsthisyourBingDwenDwen？—No.

Mine

?(I)isonthesofa.

HeryourselfMine4.—Whyareyousoexcited？—ThescientistHuangXuhuawillcometoourschool.Ican’twaittosee

him

?(he).

him二、根據(jù)漢語提示或首字母寫出適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。1.—Weareintimesofdifficultyatpresent.—Aslongaswepulltogether，successmustbelongto

us

?(我們).

2.—Coffeeortea，F(xiàn)rank？—Coffee，please.Togetrelaxed，

nothing

?(沒有什么)isbetterthanacupofcoffee.

3.—Amyhadsomanyphonecallstoday.—Yes.Assoonasonecallwasover，a

nother

?callcamein.

usnothingnother4.—Whichplacedoyouprefertolivein，acityoracountryside？—Idon’tcare.E

ither

?isfine.

5.—Hi，LiWen.It’ssaidthattherearemanykindsofbreakfastinChina.Whichisthebest？—It’shardtosay.A

ll

?ofthemhavetheirspecialtastes.

6.—WhatcanwelearnfromRobinson

Crusoe？—Weshoulddependono

urselves

?.

itherllurselves三、完形填空。A.they

B.this

C.other

D.Others

E.another

F.Those

G.themImmigrants(移民)havebeencomingfrom

1

?countriestoliveinAmericaformanyyears.Immigrantsarepeoplewhocometoliveinonecountryaftertheyhaveleft

2

?country.Someimmigrantscomebecause

3

?havefamilyorfriendsinAmerica.

4

?comebecausetheywanttoworkinAmerica.

Americahasamixofpeoplefromallovertheworld.ImmigrantscomingtoAmericahavebroughtmanyinterestingthingswith

5

?.Becauseof

6

?，peopleherehavemanydifferentbackgroundsandcultures.Theyhaveideasandwaysoflifethattheysharewithoneanother.

1.

C

?2.

E

?3.

A

?4.

D

?5.

G

?6.

B

CEADGB3最新真題演練

根據(jù)語境、漢語提示或所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.(2023·四川成都)—Gina,haveyouseenmytextbook?—Oh,sorry.Itook

(you)bymistake.2.(2023·湖南岳陽)Believein

(you)andyoucanovercomeyourshyness.3.(2023·四川涼山)—Thetwinslookthesame.—Yes,eventheirfatherfinds

difficulttotellthemfromeachother.4.—Wow,youknowsomuchabouttheSilkRoad.—That’sbecause

(I)teachertold

(I)thestoriesofit.yoursyourselfitmyme

5.—OnthedayofLixia,childrenwillwearabagwithaneggaroundtheirnecksinsomeareas.—Yes,thisisbelievedtohelpkeep

(they)safeandhealthy.6.—Theirteambeat

(our)atthefootballmatc