新教材英語(yǔ)譯林必修第一冊(cè)課件Unit3Gettingalongwithothers

Unit3Gettingalongwithothers必背詞匯速記【重點(diǎn)單詞·快速記】□awkward

adj.

局促不安的;令人尷尬的;難對(duì)付的;笨拙的□sight n.視野;視力;看見□chat vi.&n.聊天,閑聊□café n.咖啡館,小餐館□loss n.失去,喪失;虧損;去世;損失□behaviour n.行為,舉止,態(tài)度□case n.具體情況,事例;案件;容器□trick vt.欺騙,欺詐

n.詭計(jì),花招;戲法□suffer vi.受苦,受折磨;變差

vt.遭受,蒙受□misunderstand vt.&vi誤解;誤會(huì)□contact vt.&n.聯(lián)系,聯(lián)絡(luò)□shallow adj.

膚淺的,淺薄的;淺的□blog n.博客,網(wǎng)志□theme n.主題;主旋律□opinion n.意見,看法;(群體的)觀點(diǎn),信仰□basis n.(pl.bases)基礎(chǔ);原因;基準(zhǔn)□efficient adj.

效率高的,有功效的□extra adj.

額外的,分外的,附加的

adv.額外,另外;特別,格外□measure vt.估量,判定;測(cè)量

n.措施;衡量□seek

vi.試圖;尋找;爭(zhēng)取

vt.尋求;尋找□escape vi.&vt.逃脫,躲避;逃跑;避開,避免;被遺忘

n.逃離,逃脫□benefit n.優(yōu)勢(shì),益處,成效

vt.使受益 vi.得益于□comfort vt.寬慰,撫慰

n.舒服;安慰□joy n.高興,愉快;令人高興的人(或事),樂趣□failure n.失敗;失敗的人(或事);未履行;故障□moment n.時(shí)光,時(shí)機(jī);瞬間;某個(gè)時(shí)刻□indeed adv.其實(shí),實(shí)際上;的確;真正地□well-meaning adj.

出于好心的,善意的□recognize vt.承認(rèn),意識(shí)到;認(rèn)出,辨別出□death n.死,死亡;死亡狀態(tài)□company n.陪伴,作伴;公司□crowd n.一伙人,一幫人;人群

vt.擠滿,使擁擠

vi.聚集;擠,涌□poet n.詩(shī)人□admire vt.欽佩;欣賞□wine n.葡萄酒;果酒【拓展單詞·聯(lián)想記】□originaladj.起初的;獨(dú)創(chuàng)的;原作的→originn.出身,血統(tǒng);起源,起因→originallyadv.起初;原來(lái)→originalityn.獨(dú)創(chuàng)性;創(chuàng)造力→originatevi.起源;發(fā)源;創(chuàng)立□mediumn.傳播消息的媒介,方法;手段,工具→mediumadj.

中等的,中號(hào)的→median.

媒體,媒介(medium的復(fù)數(shù)形式)□horribleadj.令人震驚的;可惡的;極壞的→horriblyadv.可怕地;恐怖地→horrorn.恐怖;驚恐□recovervt.全額收回;尋回;重新獲得;恢復(fù),重新控制vi.恢復(fù)健康;恢復(fù)常態(tài)→recoveryn.痊愈;重獲;復(fù)蘇□respondvi.&vt.回答,回應(yīng);作出反應(yīng),響應(yīng)→responsen.

回答;反應(yīng)→responsibleadj.有責(zé)任的;盡責(zé)的;作為緣由的→responsibilityn.責(zé)任;職責(zé)□judgevt.&vi.評(píng)價(jià),(尤指)批評(píng);判斷,認(rèn)為→judgen.法官;裁判員→judgementn.判斷力,辨別力;意見;看法;評(píng)價(jià)□apologizevi.

道歉,謝罪→apologyn.道歉;歉意→apologeticadj.道歉的;愧疚的□frankadj.坦率的,直率的→franklyadv.坦率地;直率地□definitelyadv.肯定,確實(shí);確切地→definiteadj.明確的;清楚的;肯定的;一定的→definitionn.釋義;定義□ignorevt.忽視,對(duì)……不予理會(huì)→ignorantadj.無(wú)知的;愚昧的→ignorancen.無(wú)知;愚昧;不知□explodevi.(憤怒等感情)爆發(fā),迸發(fā);爆炸vt.使爆炸→explosiveadj.易爆炸的;(可能)引發(fā)爆炸的→explosionn.爆炸(聲);(感情)爆發(fā);激增□generousadj.寬宏大量的,仁慈的;慷慨的→generouslyadv.慷慨地;大方地→generosityn.慷慨;大方□qualityn.品德,素質(zhì);質(zhì)量;特征→qualityadj.優(yōu)質(zhì)的,高質(zhì)量的→quantityn.數(shù)量;大量→qualifyvt.&vi.(使)具有資格;(使)合格→qualifiedadj.有資格的;稱職的→qualificationn.資格;資歷□respectvt.尊重,尊敬→respectn.尊敬,敬意;重視→respectiveadj.各自的;依次的→respectivelyadv.各自地;依次地→respectfuladj.恭敬的→respectableadj.值得尊敬的□reflectionn.沉思;反射;映像;反映→reflectvt.&vi.反射(光、熱、聲等)→reflectiveadj.反射熱的;反光的□thoroughadj.徹底的,全面的;仔細(xì)的→thoroughlyadv.徹底地;全面的;仔細(xì)地【重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)·高效記】□ontherocks

(關(guān)系)陷于困境,瀕臨崩潰□outofone’ssight 脫離某人的視線□socialmedia 社交媒體□makeit 能夠出席;準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá);獲得成功□ataloss 不知所措,困惑□inthewrong 有錯(cuò),應(yīng)承擔(dān)責(zé)任□inanycase 無(wú)論如何,不管怎樣□letgoof 放棄,摒棄;松手,放開□counton 依賴,依靠,指望□eatawayat 腐蝕,侵蝕,逐漸破壞□comebetween...and...損害……之間的關(guān)系,離間;妨礙□inperson親自,親身□highpoint 最有意思(或最令人愉快、最好)的部分□throughthickandthin

不顧艱難險(xiǎn)阻,同甘共苦□inone’sopinion 在某人看來(lái)□getover 克服;恢復(fù)常態(tài)□bringout 使顯現(xiàn),使表現(xiàn)出□smoothout 消除(問題),克服(困難)□bemeanttodosth. 注定要做某事,應(yīng)做某事□takeon 呈現(xiàn),具有□infullmeasure 最大程度地,最大限度地核心詞匯探究Period1

Welcometotheunit&ReadingNO.1makeit能夠出席;準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá);獲得成功【教材語(yǔ)境】WhenIcalledher,shesaidshemightnotbeabletomakeittothecinema.(P30)當(dāng)我給她打電話時(shí),她說(shuō)她可能去不了電影院了?！菊Z(yǔ)塊歸納】makeadifference起作用;有影響makefunof 取笑;嘲笑makeupfor 補(bǔ)償;彌補(bǔ)makeout 看清;聽清makeuseof 使用;利用makesenseof 理解;明白【語(yǔ)境助記】?Thismedicinemadeadifferencetohumanbeings.這個(gè)藥物對(duì)人類有影響。?Iamalwaysmadefunofbyothers.我總是被別人嘲笑。?Weshouldmakefulluseofoursparetime.我們應(yīng)該充分利用我們的空閑時(shí)間。NO.2recovervi.&vt.恢復(fù)健康,恢復(fù)常態(tài);重新獲得【教材語(yǔ)境】Insteadofrecoveringathome,shewasouthavingfunwithsomeoneelse.(P30)她并沒有在家休養(yǎng),而是和別人出去玩了?！菊Z(yǔ)塊歸納】(1)recoverfrom...從……中恢復(fù)過來(lái)

recoveroneself 鎮(zhèn)定下來(lái)(2)recovery n.恢復(fù);復(fù)蘇;痊愈

makearecoveryfrom... 從……中恢復(fù)過來(lái)【語(yǔ)境助記】?Heisrecoveringfromakneeinjury.他漸漸從膝蓋受傷中恢復(fù)過來(lái)。?Thecountryismakingarecoveryfromtheeffectofwar.這個(gè)國(guó)家漸漸從戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的影響中恢復(fù)過來(lái)。NO.3judgen.法官;裁判員v.評(píng)價(jià);判斷;認(rèn)為【教材語(yǔ)境】Don’tbesoquicktojudgeyourfriend.(P31)不要急于評(píng)價(jià)你的朋友?！菊Z(yǔ)塊歸納】judge...by/from...通過……判斷……judgesb./sth.as/tobe... 斷定某人/物是……asfarasIjudge 據(jù)我判斷judgingby/from... 從……來(lái)看;根據(jù)……判斷judgement n.看法;評(píng)價(jià);判斷力【語(yǔ)境助記】?Weshouldnotjudgeapersonby/fromhisappearance.我們不應(yīng)該以貌取人。?Theteacherjudgedhimto

behonest.老師認(rèn)為他是誠(chéng)實(shí)的。?【諺】Don’tjudgeabookbyitscover.不要以貌取人。NO.4apologizevi.道歉;謝罪【教材語(yǔ)境】Perhapssheknowsshe’sinthewrongandwantstoapologize,ormaybeshehasasimpleexplanationforherbehaviour.(P31)也許她知道自己錯(cuò)了,想要道歉;或者也許她對(duì)她的行為有簡(jiǎn)要的解釋?！菊Z(yǔ)塊歸納】apologizetosb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉apology n.道歉;致歉make/offeranapologytosb.for(doing)sth.

因(做)某事向某人道歉owesb.anapology 應(yīng)當(dāng)向某人道歉accept/refusean/one’sapology

接受/拒絕某人的道歉【語(yǔ)境助記】?ImustapologizetoherforwhatIsaid.我必須為我說(shuō)過的話向她道歉。?Ithoughtyouowedhimanapology.我認(rèn)為你應(yīng)該向他道歉。?Idon’twanttoaccepthisapology.我不想接受他的道歉。NO.5trickvt.欺騙;欺詐n.詭計(jì);花招;戲法【教材語(yǔ)境】WhenIfoundoutthatIwastrickedbyhim,Iwasreallyhurtandletgoofourfriendship.(P31)當(dāng)我發(fā)現(xiàn)我被他騙了,我真的很傷心,便放棄了我們的友誼?！菊Z(yǔ)塊歸納】playatrick/tricksonsb.開玩笑;搞惡作劇 tricksb.outofsth. 欺騙某人某物tricksb.intodoingsth. 欺騙某人做某事【語(yǔ)境助記】?Shewastrickedoutofherlifesavings.她被騙走了一生的積蓄。?Hetrickedmeintolendinghim100pounds.他騙我借給了他100英鎊。Period2

Grammarandusage&IntegratedskillsNO.1counton依賴;依靠;指望【教材語(yǔ)境】Arealfriendissomeonewhosesupportwecancounton.(P34)真正的朋友是我們可以信賴的人?！菊Z(yǔ)塊歸納】count

vi.認(rèn)為;算作;重要

vt.數(shù)數(shù)count...in 包括……在內(nèi)count...out 不包括……count...as/tobe... 把……視為……countup 計(jì)算;算出總數(shù)【語(yǔ)境助記】?Therewerefifty-twopersonspresent,countinginthebabies.在場(chǎng)的共有五十二個(gè)人,包括嬰兒在內(nèi)。?Leap-yearday(everyfouryears)andyear-endday(everyyear)wouldbecountedasextraSaturdays.人們把閏年日(每四年一天)和年末日(每年一天)視為外加的星期六。?Sheblunderedwhenshecountedupthebill.她把賬單相加時(shí)弄錯(cuò)了。NO.2qualityn.品德;素質(zhì);質(zhì)量;特征adj.優(yōu)質(zhì)的;高質(zhì)量的【教材語(yǔ)境】Inmyopinion,thefollowingqualitiesformthebasisofafriendship.(P37)在我看來(lái),以下的品質(zhì)構(gòu)成了友誼的基礎(chǔ)?！菊Z(yǔ)塊歸納】(1)quality

n.質(zhì)量

ofhigh/good/topquality 高質(zhì)量

oflow/bad/poorquality 低質(zhì)量(2)quantity n.數(shù)量alargequantityof=largequantitiesof...

許多;大量【語(yǔ)境助記】?Wineofhighqualitycostsmorethanthatpoorinquality.高質(zhì)量的葡萄酒要比低質(zhì)量的葡萄酒花費(fèi)得更多。?Allthetractorsexceptthisaregoodinquality.除了這一輛,所有其他的拖拉機(jī)質(zhì)量都很好。?Thefactoryturnsoutalargequantityofpaperproducts.這家工廠生產(chǎn)大量的紙制品。NO.3respectn.尊敬,敬意;重視v.尊重,尊敬【教材語(yǔ)境】Imustrespectandsupportthechoiceshemakes.(P37)我必須尊重和支持他的選擇?！菊Z(yǔ)塊歸納】(1)respectsb.as...尊敬某人為……respectsb.for... 因……而尊重某人(2)show/haverespectfor...尊重……outofrespect 出于尊重inthisrespect 在這方面send/giveone’srespectstosb.代某人向某人致敬/問候【語(yǔ)境助記】?Ihavethegreatestrespectforyourbrother.我非常尊敬你哥哥。?Hehasnorespectforherfeeling.他不尊重她的感受。?Hehasnosuperiorinthisrespect.在這個(gè)方面沒人能勝過他。NO.4bringout使顯現(xiàn);使表現(xiàn)出【教材語(yǔ)境】Tome,agoodfriendbringsoutthebestinaperson.(P37)對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō),好朋友能激發(fā)出一個(gè)人最好的一面?！菊Z(yǔ)塊歸納】bringup撫養(yǎng);培養(yǎng);教育;提出;嘔吐bringin 引進(jìn);獲利;賺錢bringabout 引起;導(dǎo)致bringdown 使倒下;減少;降低(價(jià)格、溫度等)【語(yǔ)境助記】?Thecouplecontrivedtobringuptheirchildrenonasmallincome.這對(duì)夫妻設(shè)法用微薄的收入把孩子撫養(yǎng)成人。?Heintendstobringinsomereforms.他打算提出一些改革措施。?Sciencehasbroughtaboutmanychangesinourlife.科學(xué)為我們的生活帶來(lái)了很多變化。?Weshallhavetobringdownourexpenditureabit.我們有必要把開支減少一些。Period4

Extendedreading&ProjectNO.1benefitn.優(yōu)勢(shì);益處;成效vt.使受益vi.得益于【教材語(yǔ)境】Asweliveinsocialgroups,therearemanybenefitsoffriendshipthatwecanenjoy.(P39)由于我們生活在社會(huì)群體中,我們可以享受友誼的許多好處?！菊Z(yǔ)塊歸納】(1)forthebenefitof...為了……的利益

beofbenefitto... 對(duì)……有益(2)benefitfrom/by... 從……中受益

benefitsb. 對(duì)某人有益(3)beneficial adj.有益的;有利的

bebeneficialto... 對(duì)……有益/有利【語(yǔ)境助記】?Ihavebenefitedalotfromreading.閱讀使我受益匪淺。?Theseaairwillbe

beneficial

toyou.海邊的空氣對(duì)你有益。?Chinahasbeenpushingthereformforthebenefit

ofallcitizens.中國(guó)一直在為了全體公民的利益而推行改革。NO.2comfortn.舒服;安慰v.安慰;撫慰【教材語(yǔ)境】Generallyspeaking,closefriendshipshavethree“fruits”:theymaycomforttheheart...(P39)一般來(lái)說(shuō),親密的友誼結(jié)出三個(gè)“果實(shí)”:它們可以安慰心靈……【語(yǔ)塊歸納】incomfort安逸地;舒適地comfortsb.=givecomforttosb.安慰某人comfortable adj.舒服的;舒適的comfortably adv.舒適地【語(yǔ)境助記】?Themanisworkinghardtomakehisfamilyliveincomfort.為了使家人舒適地生活,他一直努力工作。?Myparentsoftencomfortmewithsomeinspiringwords.我的父母經(jīng)常用激勵(lì)的話來(lái)安慰我?！咀⒁狻?/p>

comfort一般作為不可數(shù)名詞,但有時(shí)會(huì)出現(xiàn)acomfort,意為“一件讓人寬心的事”或“一個(gè)讓人寬心的人”。NO.3takeon呈現(xiàn);具有【教材語(yǔ)境】Here,friendshiphasadoubleadvantage—happinesstakesonagreatermeaningandatroublesharedbecomesatroublehalved!(P39)在這里,友誼有雙重優(yōu)勢(shì)——幸福有更大的意義,分擔(dān)的煩惱減半!【語(yǔ)塊歸納】takeoff脫下(衣服、帽子等);起飛;事業(yè)飛黃騰達(dá)takein 欺騙;吸引;包括;理解takeover 接收;接管takeup 占據(jù);繼續(xù);拿起;從事takedown 拆除;取下;記下;寫下【語(yǔ)境助記】?Theplanetookoffdespitethefog.盡管有霧,飛機(jī)仍照常起飛。?Fishtakeinoxygenthroughtheirgills.魚通過鰓吸取氧氣。?Themilitarytookoverthegovernment.軍方接管了政府。?Itisnecessaryforustotakeupproductivelabour.我們從事生產(chǎn)勞動(dòng)是必要的。?Earlyinthemorningtheytookdownthetents.一大早他們就把帳篷拆掉了。NO.4admirevt.欽佩;欣賞【教材語(yǔ)境】Theyadmiredeachotherandquicklybecamefriends.(P41)他們互相欣賞,很快就成了朋友?！菊Z(yǔ)塊歸納】admiresb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事欽佩某人admiration n.欽佩;贊賞with/inadmiration 欽佩地【語(yǔ)境助記】?Youhadbetteradmireothersmorethancriticizeifyouwanttobepopular.如果你想要受人歡迎,盡量多贊美、少批評(píng)。?Theteamfeltgreatadmirationforthecoach.隊(duì)員們都非常欽佩教練。?Herhandlingofthecrisisfillsmewith

admiration.她對(duì)這一危機(jī)的處理使我贊嘆不已。疑難句式破解【高頻句式】句式1“whether...or...”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句【教材語(yǔ)境】Whetherwe’rewalkingtoschool,doinghomeworkorjusthangingoutattheweekend,we’rehardlyoutofeachother’ssight.(P30)無(wú)論我們是步行去學(xué)校,做作業(yè)還是僅僅在周末閑逛,我們幾乎都在彼此的視線之內(nèi)?！揪涫浇鈽?gòu)】本句為whether...or...引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,whether表示“不管,無(wú)論”?！菊Z(yǔ)境助記】?Whetherheworkshardornot,Idon’tthinkhewillpasshisexamination.不管他努力與否,我都認(rèn)為他不會(huì)通過考試。?Whetheryougocampingorstayathome,youmustattachimportancetoyoursafety.無(wú)論你們是去野營(yíng)還是待在家里,你們都必須注意安全。?Itmakesnodifferencewhetheryougoornot.你去不去都一樣。?Itdoesn’tmatterwhetheryouturnrightorleftatthecrossing—bothroadsleadtothepark.無(wú)論你在路口向右拐還是向左拐都沒關(guān)系,兩條路都可以去公園。?Whetheryoubelieveitornot,it’strue.不管你信不信,這是對(duì)的。句式2“so...that...”引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句【教材語(yǔ)境】IwassoangrythatIavoidedherduringschoolallday...(P30)我如此生氣以至于在學(xué)校里一整天都躲著她……【句式解構(gòu)】so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”,引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。【語(yǔ)境助記】?MymemorybecamesolargethatevenIcouldn’tbelieveit.我的記憶力強(qiáng)大到我自己都不敢相信。?Heissostrongthathecanliftthebike.他是如此強(qiáng)壯以至于能舉起這輛自行車。?TheproblemissodifficultthatIcan’tworkitout.這道題太難了我解不出來(lái)。?Itwassocoldoutsidethatwehadtostopthegame.外面太冷了以至于我們必須終止比賽。?ItissointerestinganovelthatIwanttoreaditonceagain.它是如此有趣的一篇小說(shuō)以至于我想再讀一遍。句式3“It’stimetodo...”句式【教材語(yǔ)境】However,ifyourfriendignoresyourfeelingsormakesyousuffer,it’stimetorethinkyourrelationship.(P31)然而,如果你的朋友忽視你的感受或者讓你痛苦,那就該重新考慮一下你們的關(guān)系了?！揪涫浇鈽?gòu)】It’stimetodo...表示“到了該做……的時(shí)候了”?！菊Z(yǔ)境助記】?It’stimeforbreakfast.該吃早餐了。?It’stimeforyoutoworkhard.你該努力學(xué)習(xí)了。?It’stimeforyoutogiveupsmoking.你該戒煙了。?It’s(about/high)timethatyoushouldmakeyourowndecisions.到了你自己做決定的時(shí)候了。長(zhǎng)難句分析難句1TheforumexchangebelowincludesapostwrittenbyAmy,ateenagegirlwhohadaproblemwithherbestfriendJenny,andtworeplies.(P30)【句子解構(gòu)】【深度分析】本句為主從復(fù)合句。主句含有兩個(gè)并列賓語(yǔ)apost和tworeplies。ateenagegirl作Amy的同位語(yǔ),后面是who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。【參考譯文】下面的論壇交流包括一個(gè)十幾歲的女孩艾米寫的帖子和兩個(gè)回復(fù),她和她最好的朋友珍妮有點(diǎn)麻煩。難句2Listentowhatshehastosay,andbesuretoexplainhowyoufeel.(P31)【句子解構(gòu)】【深度分析】本句為并列祈使句,并列謂語(yǔ)為listento和besuretoexplain。兩個(gè)祈使句中分別含有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句?！緟⒖甲g文】?jī)A聽她要說(shuō)的話,并且一定要解釋清楚你的感受。難句3However,ifyourfriendignoresyourfeelingsormakesyousuffer,it’stimetorethinkyourrelationship.(P31)【句子解構(gòu)】【深度分析】本句為復(fù)合句,其中含有一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。主語(yǔ)為it,主句為主系表結(jié)構(gòu)?！緟⒖甲g文】然而,如果你的朋友忽視你的感受或者讓你痛苦,那就要重新考慮你們的關(guān)系了。語(yǔ)法精講突破一、基本句型1.定語(yǔ)從句的定義:在復(fù)合句中修飾或限定主句中某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語(yǔ)從句,它所修飾的名詞或代詞叫作先行詞。2.關(guān)系詞的作用:①連接主句和從句;②指代先行詞;③在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分。3.關(guān)系詞的分類:①關(guān)系代詞:that、which、who、whom、whose、as;②關(guān)系副詞:when、where、why。二、關(guān)系代詞的基本用法關(guān)系代詞用于替代指人或物的先行詞,在定語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等成分。1.which一般指物,在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)一般可省略。Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.中國(guó)是一個(gè)歷史悠久的國(guó)家。(which在從句中作主語(yǔ))Thepackage(which)youarecarryingisabouttofall.你拿的包裹快掉了。(which在從句中作賓語(yǔ))2.that既可指人,也可指物,在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ),作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)一般可省略。指人時(shí)一般可用who替代,指物時(shí)一般可用which替代。Thenumberofpeoplethat/whocometovisitthiscityeachyearreachesonemillion.每年來(lái)參觀這座城市的人數(shù)都多達(dá)一百萬(wàn)。Thechair(that/which)youbrokeyesterdayisnowbeingrepaired.你昨天弄壞的那把椅子現(xiàn)在正在修。3.who指人,在定語(yǔ)從句中可以作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。Herecomesthegirlwhowantstoseeyou.那個(gè)想見你的女孩過來(lái)了。(who在從句中作主語(yǔ))HeisthemanwhoIsawyesterday.他就是我昨天見到的那個(gè)人。(who在從句中作賓語(yǔ))4.whom指人,在定語(yǔ)從句中只作賓語(yǔ),可省略,也可用who代替。Roseistheperson(whom/who)youshouldlookafter.羅絲是你應(yīng)該照顧的人。5.whose指人或物,在定語(yǔ)從句中作后面名詞的定語(yǔ),whose與它后面的名詞一起在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.那個(gè)人的車壞了,他們沖過去幫忙。Pleasepassmethebookwhosecoverisgreen.請(qǐng)遞給我那本綠色封皮的書。三、關(guān)系代詞的選擇1.宜用that不用which的情況(1)當(dāng)先行詞是all,much,anything,something,everything,nothing,little,none等不定代詞時(shí)。Shetoldmeeverythingthatsheknew.她把她所知道的一切都告訴了我。(2)當(dāng)先行詞為序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾,或先行詞為形容詞最高級(jí)或被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)。ThisisthemostexcitingfootballgamethatIhaveeverseen.這是我看過的最激動(dòng)人心的足球比賽。ThefirstplacethattheyvisitedinGuilinwasElephantTrunkHill.在桂林他們參觀的第一個(gè)地方是象鼻山。(3)當(dāng)先行詞被all,no,few,any,little,some,much,thelast,theonly,very等修飾時(shí)。I’vereadallthebooksthatwereborrowedfromothers.我已經(jīng)讀了從別人那里借來(lái)的所有的書。MrSmithistheonlyforeignerthatsheknows.史密斯先生是她唯一認(rèn)識(shí)的外國(guó)人。(4)當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)。TheforeignvisitorsspokehighlyofthepioneersandtheirperformancesthattheysawattheChildren’sPalace.外國(guó)游客高度贊揚(yáng)了他們?cè)谏倌陮m所看到的少先隊(duì)員以及他們的表演。(5)當(dāng)主句是以who或which開頭的特殊疑問句時(shí),為了避免重復(fù),一般用that引導(dǎo)。Whoisthegirlthatspoketoyou?跟你說(shuō)話的那個(gè)女孩是誰(shuí)?(6)當(dāng)先行詞在主句中作表語(yǔ),而關(guān)系代詞本身在定語(yǔ)從句中也作表語(yǔ)時(shí)。此時(shí)句子一般帶有類比含義。Ourschoolisnolongertheplacethatitusedtobe.我們的學(xué)校不再是以前的那所學(xué)校了。(7)當(dāng)主句以here,there開頭且先行詞指物時(shí)。Hereisthehotelthatyou’vebeenlookingfor.這就是你一直在找的那家旅館。2.宜用which不用that的情況(1)當(dāng)先行詞為that時(shí)。What’sthatwhichheaskedfor?他要的是什么?(2)當(dāng)先行詞與作賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞分隔時(shí)。I’llsendyouabooknextmonthwhichyou’lllike.下個(gè)月我將給你寄去一本你喜歡的書。(3)在限制性