外研版高中英語選擇性必修第一冊Unit5 高考練含答案

Unit5Revealingnature高考練Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2022全國甲,B)Goffinscockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohavesimilarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.Inarecentexperiment,cockatooswerepresentedwithaboxwithanutinsideit.Theclearfrontoftheboxhada“keyhole”inageometricshape,andthebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped“keys”tochoosefrom.Insertingthecorrect“key”wouldletoutthenut.Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage,butitwillbeanotheryearbeforetheyareabletodothesamewithlesssymmetrical(對(duì)稱的)shapes.Thisabilitytorecognizethatashapewillneedtobeturnedinaspecificdirectionbeforeitwillfitiscalledan“allocentricframeofreference”.Intheexperiment,Goffinscockatooswereabletoselecttherighttoolforthejob,inmostcases,byvisualrecognitionalone.Wheretrial-and-errorwasused,thecockatoosdidbetterthanmonkeysinsimilartests.ThisindicatesthatGoffinscockatoosdoindeedpossessanallocentricframeofreferencewhenmovingobjectsinspace,similartotwo-year-oldbabies.Thenextstep,accordingtotheresearchers,istotryandworkoutwhetherthecockatoosrelyentirelyonvisualclues(線索),oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections.1.Howdidthecockatoosgetthenutfromtheboxintheexperiment?A.Byfollowinginstructions.B.Byusingatool.C.Byturningtheboxaround.D.Byremovingthelid.2.Whichtaskcanhumanone-year-oldsmostlikelycompleteaccordingtothetext?A.Usingakeytounlockadoor.B.Tellingparrotsfromotherbirds.C.Puttingaballintoaroundhole.D.Groupingtoysofdifferentshapes.3.Whatdoesthefollow-uptestaimtofindoutaboutthecockatoos?A.Howfartheyareabletosee.B.Howtheytrackmovingobjects.C.Whethertheyaresmarterthanmonkeys.D.Whethertheyuseasenseoftouchinthetest.4.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Cockatoos:QuickErrorCheckersB.Cockatoos:IndependentLearnersC.Cockatoos:CleverSignal-ReadersD.Cockatoos:SkilfulShape-Sorters派生/合成詞匯1.shape-recognitionn.

2.skilln.技巧;技能→adj.技術(shù)好的,熟練的

3.keyholen.

4.recognizev.認(rèn)識(shí);承認(rèn);意識(shí)到→n.認(rèn)出,認(rèn)識(shí);承認(rèn)

5.selectvt.選擇;挑選→n.選擇;挑選;選拔

6.trial-and-error

7.entireadj.全部的,完全的→adv.全部地,完全地

8.lockv.鎖→v.(用鑰匙)開……的鎖

熟詞生義9.keepvt.

10.groupvt.

Ⅱ.七選五(2023全國乙)Indoorplantsmightlookasiftheyjustsitaroundnotdoingmuch,butinmanywaystheyaretheunsungheroesofthehome.1,butstudieshaveshownthattheycanpromotepeopleswellbeingbyimprovingtheirmood(心情),reducingstressandhelpingtheirmemory.Whatsmore,indoorplantsareeasytolookafterandarenotveryexpensive.

Whatareindoorplants?Indoorplants,alsoknownashouseplantsorpotplants,areplantsthatliketogrowindoors.Manyofthesespecies(物種)arenotideallysuitedtogrowingoutsideintheUK,especiallyinthewinter.2.

Whyareindoorplantsgoodforyou?WillSpoelstra,whoworksattheRoyalBotanicGardens,says,“3.Ifindduringthewintermonths,plantsaroundthehousecanreallyliftyourmood.”Severalstudieshavebackedthisupandfoundthatindoorplantscanimprovecreativity,focusandmemory.Thereisalsoresearchshowingthatpotplantscancleantheairaroundthembyremovingharmfulgases,suchascarbondioxide.Theyalsoremovesomeharmfulchemicalsfrompaintsorcooking.4.

Whichplantscanyougrow?Aloevera,peaceliliesandspiderplantsaresomeofthespeciesthatareeasytogrowindoors.Youcanbuyplantsfromsupermarkets,gardencentresoronline.Youngerplantsareoftencheaperthanfullygrownones,andyougettocareforthemastheymature—whichispartofthejoyofowningplants.“5,”Spoelstrasays.“Itcanbringanewinterestandfocusintopeopleslivesandhelptomakethelinkbetweenhomeandnature.”

A.AllplantsaredifferentB.NotonlydotheylookbeautifulC.TherearemanybenefitstogrowingplantsindoorsD.Instead,theygrowbetterinside,whereitiswarmerE.PlantslikepeaceliliesanddevilsivyareamongthebestF.ChangingthepotofyourplantfromtimetotimewillalsohelpG.Learningabouttherequirementsofeachplantcanbeveryrewarding1.2.3.4.5.

派生/合成詞匯1.wellbeingn.

2.houseplantn.

3.requirevt.需要;要求→n.需要;必需品;必備條件

4.rewardvt.獎(jiǎng)勵(lì),酬勞→adj.值得做的,有益的

答案與分層梯度式解析高考練Ⅰ.◎語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了原產(chǎn)于澳大拉西亞的戈芬氏鳳頭鸚鵡是技術(shù)高超的形狀分類專家。1.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattoolusewhilekeptinthecage.Inarecentexperiment...thebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped‘keys’...Insertingthecorrect‘key’wouldletoutthenut.”可知,籠中的鳥兒(戈芬氏鳳頭鸚鵡)被證明能熟練地使用工具,它們在實(shí)驗(yàn)中是通過使用工具得到堅(jiān)果的。2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Inhumans,babiescanputaroundshapeinaroundholefromaroundoneyearofage”可知,一歲左右的幼童可以把一個(gè)圓形的東西投進(jìn)一個(gè)圓形的洞里,故可推知人類一歲幼童最有可能完成的任務(wù)是把一個(gè)球放進(jìn)圓洞內(nèi)。3.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“oralsouseasenseoftouchinmakingtheirshapeselections”可知,研究人員下一步的目標(biāo)是試驗(yàn)鳳頭鸚鵡在形狀的選擇中是否也使用觸覺。4.D主旨大意題。通讀全文,尤其是第一段第一句可知,文章主要說明了戈芬氏鳳頭鸚鵡具有形狀識(shí)別能力,是技術(shù)高超的形狀分類專家?！靖呖荚~匯站】1.形狀識(shí)別2.skilful/skillful3.鎖眼,鑰匙孔4.recognition5.selection6.反復(fù)試驗(yàn),不斷摸索7.entirely8.unlock9.養(yǎng),飼養(yǎng)10.把……分類/分組Ⅱ.◎語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了室內(nèi)植物的定義、益處并給出了選擇室內(nèi)植物的建議。1.B細(xì)節(jié)句。設(shè)空處位于段中,考慮細(xì)節(jié)補(bǔ)充。根據(jù)空后的逗號(hào)可知,設(shè)空處所填內(nèi)容非整句,再結(jié)合逗號(hào)后的but可知,逗號(hào)前后內(nèi)容并列。瀏覽選項(xiàng)可以發(fā)現(xiàn),B項(xiàng)中的Notonly可以與but(省略了also)連用,表示“不僅……而且……”,代入原文后意義連貫,表示“它們不僅好看,而且研究表明它們能夠通過改善心情、減輕壓力和提高記憶力來提升人們的幸福感”。故選B。2.D細(xì)節(jié)句。設(shè)空處位于段尾,考慮細(xì)節(jié)補(bǔ)充或概括總結(jié)。前一句說在英國,尤其是在冬天,這些物種中有很多不太適合在室外生長。瀏覽選